Sleep Medicine Commons^™

Proteomic Biomarkers Of Quantitative Interstitial Abnormalities In Copdgene And Cardia Lung Study, Bina Choi, Gabrielle Y Liu, Quanhu Sheng, Kaushik Amancherla, Andrew Perry, Xiaoning Huang, Ruben San José Estépar, Samuel Y Ash, Weihua Guan, David R Jacobs, Fernando J Martinez, Ivan O Rosas, Russell P Bowler, Jonathan A Kropski, Nicholas E Banovich, Sadiya S Khan, Raúl San José Estépar, Ravi Shah, Bharat Thyagarajan, Ravi Kalhan, George R Washko

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale: Quantitative interstitial abnormalities (QIAs) are early measures of lung injury automatically detected on chest computed tomography scans. QIAs are associated with impaired respiratory health and share features with advanced lung diseases, but their biological underpinnings are not well understood. Objectives: To identify novel protein biomarkers of QIAs using high-throughput plasma proteomic panels within two multicenter cohorts.

Methods: We measured the plasma proteomics of 4,383 participants in an older, ever-smoker cohort (COPDGene [Genetic Epidemiology of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease]) and 2,925 participants in a younger population cohort (CARDIA [Coronary Artery Disease Risk in Young Adults]) using the SomaLogic SomaScan assays. …

Obstructive Sleep Apnea And Risk Of Postoperative Complications After Non-Cardiac Surgery, Rabail Arif Chaudhry, Lori Zarmer, Kelly West, Frances Chung

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a common sleep disorder, poses significant challenges in perioperative management due to its complexity and multifactorial nature. With a global prevalence of approximately 22.6%, OSA often remains undiagnosed, and increases the risk of cardiac and respiratory postoperative complications. Preoperative screening has become essential in many institutions to identify patients at increased risk, and experts recommend proceeding with surgery in the absence of severe symptoms, albeit with heightened postoperative monitoring. Anesthetic and sedative agents exacerbate upper airway collapsibility and depress central respiratory activity, complicating intraoperative management, especially with neuromuscular blockade use. Additionally, OSA patients are particularly prone …

Clearing The Air: Innovations In Imaging For Early Detection And Management Of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Francesca Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Restoring Effective Sleep Time In Post Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Quality Improvement Project, Brooke Watts Bsn, Rn

Epsilon Sigma at-Large Research Conference

Purpose: Restoring Effective Sleep Time in Post Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Quality Improvement Project

Brooke Watts, BSN, RN, DNP Student, Murray State University

Dr. Kristin Reid, DNP, APRN, ACNS-BC, DNP Program Director/Assistant Professor Murray State University

Aims: This quality improvement project was developed using DNP project guidelines provided through Murray State University and was designed to improve sleep in hospitalized cardiac surgery patients.

Processes: IRB approval was obtained from the healthcare institution and academic institution. This two-phase quality improvement project was designed to analyze the effects of a change in normalized hospital routines on self-reported sleep in post-cardiac surgery patients. …

Icnirp Statement On Short Wavelength Light Exposure From Indoor Artificial Sources And Human Health, Sharon Miller, Christian Cajochen, Adele Green, John Hanifin, Anke Huss, Ken Karipidis, Sarah Loughran, Gunnhild Oftedal, John O'Hagan, David H Sliney, Rodney Croft, Eric Van Rongen, Nigel Cridland, Guglielmo D'Inzeo, Akimasa Hirata, Carmela Marino, Martin Röösli, Soichi Watanabe

Department of Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Concerns have been raised about the possibility of effects from exposure to short wavelength light (SWL), defined here as 380-550 nm, on human health. The spectral sensitivity of the human circadian timing system peaks at around 480 nm, much shorter than the peak sensitivity of daytime vision (i.e., 555 nm). Some experimental studies have demonstrated effects on the circadian timing system and on sleep from SWL exposure, especially when SWL exposure occurs in the evening or at night. The International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) has identified a lack of consensus among public health officials regarding whether SWL from …

Alveolar Epithelial Cell Dysfunction In Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis Linked To Lipid Alterations: Therapeutic Implications, Francesca Polverino, Ana Mora

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Study Protocol: Identifying Transcriptional Regulatory Alterations Of Chronic Effects Of Blast And Disturbed Sleep In United States Veterans, Molly J. Sullan, Kelly A. Stearns-Yoder, Zhaoyu Wang, Andrew J. Hoisington, Adam D. Brenoweth, Walter Carr, Yongchao Ge, Hanga Galfalvy, Fatemah Haghighi, Lisa A. Brenner

Faculty Publications

Injury related to blast exposure dramatically rose during post-911 era military conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is among the most common injuries following blast, an exposure that may not result in a definitive physiologic marker (e.g., loss of consciousness). Recent research suggests that exposure to low level blasts and, more specifically repetitive blast exposure (RBE), which may be subconcussive in nature, may also impact long term physiologic and psychological outcomes, though findings have been mixed. For military personnel, blast-related injuries often occur in chaotic settings (e.g., combat), which create challenges in the immediate assessment of …

Utility Of Peripheral Protein Biomarkers For The Prediction Of Incident Interstitial Features: A Multicentre Retrospective Cohort Study, Samuel Ash, Tracy J Doyle, Bina Choi, Ruben San Jose Estepar, Victor Castro, Nicholas Enzer, Ravi Kalhan, Gabrielle Liu, Russell Bowler, David O Wilson, Raul San Jose Estepar, Ivan O Rosas, George R Washko

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION/RATIONALE: Protein biomarkers may help enable the prediction of incident interstitial features on chest CT.

METHODS: We identified which protein biomarkers in a cohort of smokers (COPDGene) differed between those with and without objectively measured interstitial features at baseline using a univariate screen (t-test false discovery rate, FDR p

RESULTS: In COPDGene, 1305 biomarkers were available and 20 differed between those with and without interstitial features at baseline. Of these, 11 were associated with feature progression over a mean of 5.5 years of follow-up, and of these 4 were available in PLuSS, (angiopoietin-2, matrix metalloproteinase 7, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 …

Risk Of 30-Day All-Cause Readmission In Interstitial Lung Disease Patients After Covid-19: National-Level Data, Ali Vaeli Zadeh, Roshan Dinparastisaleh, Atefeh Vaezi, Debabrata Bandyopadhyay, Israel Rubinstein, Hassan Z Baig, Rafael Calderon-Candelario, Abdolrazagh Hashemi Shahraki, Takeshi Kawasaki, Jesper M Magnusson, Lars-Olof Larsson, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Jose D Herazo-Maya, Augustine S Lee, Mehdi Mirsaeidi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale

Hospital readmission within 30 days poses challenges for healthcare providers, policymakers, and patients because of its impact on care quality, costs, and outcomes. Patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) are particularly affected by readmission, which is associated with increased morbidity and mortality and reduced quality of life. Because small sample sizes have hindered previous studies, this study seeks to address this gap in knowledge by examining a large-scale dataset.

Objective: To determine the rate and probability of 30-day all-cause readmission and secondary outcomes in patients with coronavirus disease (COVID-19) or ILD admitted to the hospital.

Methods

This study is …

Chronic Respiratory Symptoms Following Deployment-Related Occupational And Environmental Exposures Among Us Veterans, Eric Garshick, Carrie A Redlich, Anna Korpak, Andrew K Timmons, Nicholas L Smith, Karen Nakayama, Coleen P Baird, Paul Ciminera, Farrah Kheradmand, Vincent S Fan, Jaime E Hart, Petros Koutrakis, Ware Kuschner, Octavian Ioachimescu, Michael Jerrett, Phillipe R Montgrain, Susan P Proctor, Emily S Wan, Christine H Wendt, Cherry Wongtrakool, Paul D Blanc

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives: Characterise inhalational exposures during deployment to Afghanistan and Southwest Asia and associations with postdeployment respiratory symptoms.

Methods: Participants (n=1960) in this cross-sectional study of US Veterans (Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study 'Service and Health Among Deployed Veterans') completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire regarding 32 deployment exposures, grouped a priori into six categories: burn pit smoke; other combustion sources; engine exhaust; mechanical and desert dusts; toxicants; and military job-related vapours gas, dusts or fumes (VGDF). Responses were scored ordinally (0, 1, 2) according to exposure frequency. Factor analysis supported item reduction and category consolidation yielding 28 exposure items in 5 categories. Generalised …

Fibroblast Heterogeneity In Pulmonary Fibrosis: A New Target For Therapeutics Development?, Konstantin Tsoyi, Ivan O Rosas

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Short Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Telomere Length In Rheumatoid Arthritis-Interstitial Lung Disease, Tracy J Doyle, Pierre-Antoine Juge, Anna L Peljto, Seoyeon Lee, Avram D Walts, Anthony Joseph Esposito, Sergio Poli, Ritu Gill, Hiroto Hatabu, Mizuki Nishino, Paul F Dellaripa, Michael E Weinblatt, Nancy A Shadick, M Kristen Demoruelle, Jeffrey A Sparks, Ivan O Rosas, Benjamin Granger, Kevin D Deane, Bruno Crestani, Paul J Wolters, Philippe Dieudé, Joyce S Lee

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Shortened telomere lengths (TLs) can be caused by single nucleotide polymorphisms and loss-of-function mutations in telomere-related genes (TRG), as well as ageing and lifestyle factors such as smoking. Our objective was to determine if shortened TL is associated with interstitial lung disease (ILD) in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This is the largest study to demonstrate and replicate that shortened peripheral blood leukocytes-TL is associated with ILD in patients with RA compared with RA without ILD in a multinational cohort, and short PBL-TL was associated with baseline disease severity in RA-ILD as measured by forced vital capacity percent predicted.

Portable Air Purifiers To Mitigate The Harms Of Wildfire Smoke For People With Asthma, Tianshi David Wu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

The Unequal Distribution Of Social Risk For Black Men Across The Life-Span. A Novel Framework., Waleed Y. Sami

Adultspan Journal

This conceptual overview offers a comprehensive overview of systemic pathways that negatively impact the mental health of Black Men throughout their lives. Our argument highlights the importance for counselors and mental health professionals to utilize a thorough social risk assessment that considers these pathways in order to effectively address the mental health needs of Black Men while fostering positive working relationships. This overview strongly advocates for the use of context and structural determinants when evaluating mental health symptoms. Without an appropriate understanding of social risk and determinants, counselors may inadvertently perpetuate disparities by decontextualizing symptomology, and reproducing racist discourse.

Impact Of Sleep Deprivation On Stress And Performance In Students: Best Interventions, Brianna Crowley

Capstone Showcase

Sleep is an essential part of physical and mental well-being, yet, many individuals underestimate its importance.^1,2,4 Sleep deprivation can lead to a variety of detriments including memory loss, disorganized thinking, and mood changes.^3,6,7 Because of this, academic performance can be directly impaired as well, which further perpetuates a vicious cycle of sleep deprivation and increasing stress.⁸ Interventions to help improve sleep include adequate sleep hygiene, appropriate physical exercise, lifestyle changes, practicing mindfulness, and using pharmaceutical aids. Providers must continue to address this common issue among patients as it truly impacts various aspects of life and follow good …

Co-Occurrence Of Autism Spectrum Disorder And Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder With Idiopathic Hypersomnia: Data From The Hypersomnia Foundation Registry, Sophie Sevan Mikkelsen

Honors Undergraduate Theses

In recent years, hypersomnia patients and researchers alike have increasingly discussed the possibility of heightened comorbidities, or co-occurrences, of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) with the central disorders of hypersomnolence: idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) and narcolepsy (N). While a few scarce studies have investigated a link between ADHD and N, there has been no research on the co-occurrence of these conditions with IH. This study, using data from the Hypersomnia Foundation’s CoRDS Patient Registry, is the first to identify self-reported rates of ASD and ADHD diagnoses by people with idiopathic hypersomnia. Four chi-square tests were conducted to determine …

Utilizing The Stop-Bang Questionnaire To Assess Risk Of Obstructive Sleep Apnea In Hospitalized Patients With Heart Failure To Facilitate Sleep Medicine Referrals Upon Discharge, Chelsea Mitchell

DNP Projects

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is the most common sleep-breathing disorder. Undiagnosed OSA is highly prevalent in the population, especially in those with heart failure. OSA and heart failure combined create a negative feedback loop that can lead to poor clinical outcomes. Unfortunately, many cardiac patients are never screened for OSA.

Purpose: The purpose of this project is to improve screening rates for OSA via the STOP-Bang questionnaire and establish an efficient and effective process for referrals to sleep medicine for heart failure patients screening high-risk.

Methods: The design was a quality improvement project with pre- and post-testing and a …

Achieving Surgical, Obstetric, Trauma, And Anesthesia (Sota) Care For All In South Asia, Siddhesh Zadey, Shirish Rao, Isha Gondi, Natalie Sheneman, Chaitrali Patil, Anveshi Nayan, Himanshu Iyer, Arti Raj Kumar, Arun Prasad, G Allen Finley, Chellapuram Raja Krishna Prasad, Chintamani, Dhananjaya Sharma, Dhruva Ghosh, Gnanaraj Jesudian, Irum Fatima, Jogi Pattisapu, Justin Sangwook Ko, Lovenish Bains, Mashal Shah, Mohammed Shadrul Alam, Narmada Hadigal, Naveen Malhotra, Nilmini Wijesuriya, Prateek Shukla, Sadaf Khan, Sunil Pandya, Tariq Khan, Tashi Tenzin, Venkat Raja Hadiga, Daniel Peterson

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

South Asia is a demographically crucial, economically aspiring, and socio-culturally diverse region in the world. The region contributes to a large burden of surgically-treatable disease conditions. A large number of people in South Asia cannot access safe and affordable surgical, obstetric, trauma, and anesthesia (SOTA) care when in need. Yet, attention to the region in Global Surgery and Global Health is limited. Here, we assess the status of SOTA care in South Asia. We summarize the evidence on SOTA care indicators and planning. Region-wide, as well as country-specific challenges are highlighted. We also discuss potential directions-initiatives and innovations-toward addressing these …

Early Immune Factors Associated With The Development Of Post-Acute Sequelae Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection In Hospitalized And Non-Hospitalized Individuals, Jacqueline M Leung, Michelle J Wu, Pouya Kheradpour, Chen Chen, Katherine A Drake, Gary Tong, Vanessa K Ridaura, Howard C Zisser, William A Conrad, Natalia Hudson, Jared Allen, Christopher Welberry, Celine Parsy-Kowalska, Isabel Macdonald, Victor F Tapson, James N Moy, Christopher R Defilippi, Ivan O Rosas, Mujeeb Basit, Jerry A Krishnan, Sairam Parthasarathy, Bellur S Prabhakar, Mirella Salvatore, Charles C Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Infection by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to post-acute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 (PASC) that can persist for weeks to years following initial viral infection. Clinical manifestations of PASC are heterogeneous and often involve multiple organs. While many hypotheses have been made on the mechanisms of PASC and its associated symptoms, the acute biological drivers of PASC are still unknown.

METHODS: We enrolled 494 patients with COVID-19 at their initial presentation to a hospital or clinic and followed them longitudinally to determine their development of PASC. From 341 patients, we conducted multi-omic profiling on peripheral blood …

Spatial Transcriptomics Resolve An Emphysema-Specific Lymphoid Follicle B Cell Signature In Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Scott A Ochsner, Felicia New, Prajan Divakar, Chen Xi Yang, Tianshi David Wu, Jerid Robinson, Darshan Shimoga Chandrashekar, Nicholas E Banovich, Ivan O Rosas, Maor Sauler, Farrah Kheradmand, Amit Gaggar, Camilla Margaroli, Raul San Jose Estepar, Neil J Mckenna, Francesca Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale

Within chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), emphysema is characterized by a significant yet partially understood B cell immune component.

Objectives

To characterize the transcriptomic signatures from lymphoid follicles (LFs) in ever-smokers without COPD and patients with COPD with varying degrees of emphysema.

Methods

Lung sections from 40 patients with COPD and ever-smokers were used for LF proteomic and transcriptomic spatial profiling. Formalin- and O.C.T.-fixed lung samples obtained from biopsies or lung explants were assessed for LF presence. Emphysema measurements were obtained from clinical chest computed tomographic scans. High-confidence transcriptional target intersection analyses were conducted to resolve emphysema-induced transcriptional networks. …

Sleep Disturbances And Psychological Well-Being Among Military Medical Doctors Of The Swiss Armed Forces: Study Protocol, Rationale And Development Of A Cross-Sectional And Longitudinal Interventional Study, Dena Sadeghi-Bahmani, Viola Rigotti, Zeno Stanga, Undine E. Lang, Rebecca K. Blais, Michelle L. Kelley, Serge Brand

Psychology Faculty Publications

Background: Compared to civilians and non-medical personnel, military medical doctors are at increased risk for sleep disturbances and impaired psychological well-being. Despite their responsibility and workload, no research has examined sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among the medical doctors (MDs) of the Swiss Armed Forces (SAF). Thus, the aims of the proposed study are (1) to conduct a cross-sectional study (labeled ‘Survey-Study 1’) of sleep disturbances and psychological well-being among MDs of the SAF; (2) to identify MDs who report sleep disturbances (insomnia severity index >8), along with low psychological well-being such as symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress, but …

Positive Airway Pressure And Mask Factors Affective Adherence In Patients With Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Rutvi Sheth, Michel Audette, Soham Sheth

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Purpose: Sleep apnea is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disorders. CPAP (Continuous Positive Airway Pressure) therapy is the main treatment for sleep apnea. However, adherence with CPAP remains a concern. Although there are various factors attributed to failure of CPAP therapy, mask related factors are not well studied.

Methods: The study recruited patients with obstructive sleep apnea using CPAP from neurology outpatient clinic at Progressive Neurology and Sleep Center. An IRB (Institutional Review Board) approved questionnaire was administered to evaluate factors affecting CPAP compliance.

Results: The study recruited 24 patients. It showed that almost 50% of the patients did …

Pik-Iii Exerts Anti-Fibrotic Effects In Activated Fibroblasts By Regulating P38 Activation, Santiago Sanchez, Aaron K Mcdowell-Sanchez, Sharaz B Al-Meerani, Juan D Cala-Garcia, Alan R Waich Cohen, Scott A Ochsner, Neil J Mckenna, Lindsay J Celada, Minghua Wu, Shervin Assassi, Ivan O Rosas, Konstantin Tsoyi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Systemic sclerosis (SSc), also known as scleroderma, is an autoimmune-driven connective tissue disorder that results in fibrosis of the skin and internal organs such as the lung. Fibroblasts are known as the main effector cells involved in the progression of SSc through the induction of extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins and myofibroblast differentiation. Here, we demonstrate that 4'-(cyclopropylmethyl)-N2-4-pyridinyl-[4,5'-bipyrimidine]-2,2'-diamine (PIK-III), known as class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PIK3C3/VPS34) inhibitor, exerts potent antifibrotic effects in human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) by attenuating transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1)-induced ECM expression, cell contraction and myofibroblast differentiation. Unexpectedly, neither genetic silencing of PIK3C3 nor other PIK3C3 inhibitors (e.g., …

Effects Of Covid-19 On Sleep Services Use And Its Recovery, Amin Ramezani, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Ahmed S Bahammam, Samuel T Kuna, Javad Razjouyan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the utilization of various healthcare services differentially. Sleep testing services utilization (STU), including Home Sleep Apnea Testing (HSAT) and Polysomnography (PSG), were uniquely affected. We assessed the effects of the pandemic on STU and its recovery using the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) data.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective cohort study from the VHA between 01/2019 and 10/2023 of veterans with age ≥ 50. We extracted STU data using Current Procedural Terminology codes for five periods based on STU and vaccination status: pre-pandemic (Pre-Pan), pandemic sleep test moratorium (Pan-Mor), and pandemic pre-vaccination (Pan-Pre-Vax), vaccination (Pan-Vax), and …

Relationship Between Arm Path, Ball Velocity, And Elbow Varus Torque In Professional Baseball Pitchers, Brittany Dowling, Alexander Hodakowski, Bjorn Olmanson, Matthew Cohn, Patrick Pauley, Nikhil Verma, Gregory Nicholson, Grant Garrigues

Rothman Institute Papers

BACKGROUND: Currently, most pitching instructors suggest a shorter arm path-the total distance the arm travels during pitching. Theoretically, this combination allows for better body segment sequencing, a more efficient energy transfer through the kinetic chain, and increased ball velocity, while limiting elbow varus torque.

HYPOTHESIS: Shorter arm paths would be associated with increased ball velocity and decreased elbow varus torque.

STUDY DESIGN: Descriptive laboratory study.

METHODS: A total of 182 professional pitchers threw 8 to 12 fastball pitches while evaluated by 3-dimensional motion capture (480 Hz). The arm path was calculated as the total distance the hand marker traveled during …

Corrigendum To “Phenotypes Of Disease Severity In A Cohort Of Hospitalized Covid-19 Patients: Results From The Impacc Study” [Ebiomedicine 83 (2022) 104208], Al Ozonoff, Joanna Schaenman, Naresh Doni Jayavelu, Carly E Milliren, Carolyn S Calfee, Charles B Cairns, Monica Kraft, Lindsey R Baden, Albert C Shaw, Florian Krammer, Harm Van Bakel, Denise A Esserman, Shanshan Liu, Ana Fernandez Sesma, Viviana Simon, David A Hafler, Ruth R Montgomery, Steven H Kleinstein, Ofer Levy, Chris Bime, Elias K Haddad, David J Erle, Bali Pulendran, Kari C Nadeau, Mark M Davis, Catherine L Hough, William B Messer, Nelson I Agudelo Higuita, Jordan P Metcalf, Mark A Atkinson, Scott C Brakenridge, David Corry, Farrah Kheradmand, Lauren I R Ehrlich, Esther Melamed, Grace A Mccomsey, Rafick Sekaly, Joann Diray-Arce, Bjoern Peters, Alison D Augustine, Elaine F Reed, Matthew C Altman, Patrice M Becker, Nadine Rouphael, Impacc Study Group Members

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

Tlr7 Promotes Smoke-Induced Experimental Lung Damage Through The Activity Of Mast Cell Tryptase, Gang Liu, Tatt Jhong Haw, Malcolm R Starkey, Ashleigh M Philp, Stelios Pavlidis, Christina Nalkurthi, Prema M Nair, Henry M Gomez, Irwan Hanish, Alan Cy Hsu, Elinor Hortle, Sophie Pickles, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Raul San Jose Estepar, Jacqueline E Marshall, Richard Y Kim, Adam M Collison, Joerg Mattes, Sobia Idrees, Alen Faiz, Nicole G Hansbro, Ryutaro Fukui, Yusuke Murakami, Hong Sheng Cheng, Nguan Soon Tan, Sanjay H Chotirmall, Jay C Horvat, Paul S Foster, Brian Gg Oliver, Francesca Polverino, Antonio Ieni, Francesco Monaco, Gaetano Caramori, Sukhwinder S Sohal, Ken R Bracke, Peter A Wark, Ian M Adcock, Kensuke Miyake, Don D Sin, Philip M Hansbro

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7) is known for eliciting immunity against single-stranded RNA viruses, and is increased in both human and cigarette smoke (CS)-induced, experimental chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Here we show that the severity of CS-induced emphysema and COPD is reduced in TLR7-deficient mice, while inhalation of imiquimod, a TLR7-agonist, induces emphysema without CS exposure. This imiquimod-induced emphysema is reduced in mice deficient in mast cell protease-6, or when wild-type mice are treated with the mast cell stabilizer, cromolyn. Furthermore, therapeutic treatment with anti-TLR7 monoclonal antibody suppresses CS-induced emphysema, experimental COPD and accumulation of pulmonary mast cells in mice. …

Plasma Metabolomics And Quantitative Interstitial Abnormalities In Ever-Smokers, Bina Choi, Raúl San José Estépar, Suneeta Godbole, Jeffrey L Curtis, Jennifer M Wang, Rubén San José Estépar, Ivan O Rosas, Jared R Mayers, Brian D Hobbs, Craig P Hersh, Samuel Y Ash, Meilan K Han, Russell P Bowler, Kathleen A Stringer, George R Washko, Wassim W Labaki

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Quantitative interstitial abnormalities (QIA) are an automated computed tomography (CT) finding of early parenchymal lung disease, associated with worse lung function, reduced exercise capacity, increased respiratory symptoms, and death. The metabolomic perturbations associated with QIA are not well known. We sought to identify plasma metabolites associated with QIA in smokers. We also sought to identify shared and differentiating metabolomics features between QIA and emphysema, another smoking-related advanced radiographic abnormality.

METHODS: In 928 former and current smokers in the Genetic Epidemiology of COPD cohort, we measured QIA and emphysema using an automated local density histogram method and generated metabolite profiles …

Does Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Originate From Different Cell Types?, Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Jeffrey L Curtis, Irina Petrache, Francesca Polverino, Farrah Kheradmand, Ian M Adcock, Stephen I Rennard

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The onset of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is heterogeneous, and current approaches to define distinct disease phenotypes are lacking. In addition to clinical methodologies, subtyping COPD has also been challenged by the reliance on human lung samples from late-stage diseases. Different COPD phenotypes may be initiated from the susceptibility of different cell types to cigarette smoke, environmental pollution, and infections at early stages that ultimately converge at later stages in airway remodeling and destruction of the alveoli when the disease is diagnosed. This perspective provides discussion points on how studies to date define different cell types of the lung …

Sex And Gender In Copd And Asthma, Joan B Soriano, Francesca Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.