Sleep Medicine Commons^™

Revisiting Asthma Obstructive Sleep Apnea Overlap: Current Knowledge And Future Needs, Damini Saxena, Ikuyo Imayama, Muhammad Adrish

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Asthma and obstructive sleep apnea are highly prevalent conditions with a high cost burden. In addition to shared risk factors, existing data suggest a bidirectional relationship between asthma and OSA, where each condition can impact the other. Patients with asthma often complain of sleep fragmentation, nocturnal asthma symptoms, daytime sleepiness, and snoring. The prevalence of OSA increases with asthma severity, as evidenced by multiple large studies. Asthma may lower the threshold for arousal in OSA, resulting in the hypopnea with arousal phenotype. Epidemiologic studies in adults have shown that OSA is associated with worse asthma severity, increased frequency of exacerbation, …

The Pre-Adaptation Of A Stroke-Specific Self-Management Program Among Older Adults, Timothy Reistetter, Kimberly Hreha, Julianna M Dean, Monique R Pappadis, Rachel R Deer, Chih-Ying Li, Ickpyo Hong, Annalisa Na, Sara Nowakowski, Hashem M Shaltoni, Suresh K Bhavnani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objectives:

Managing multimorbidity as aging stroke patients is complex; standard self-management programs necessitate adaptations. We used visual analytics to examine complex relationships among aging stroke survivors’ comorbidities. These findings informed pre-adaptation of a component of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program.

Methods:

Secondary analysis of 2013–2014 Medicare claims with stroke as an index condition, hospital readmission within 90 days (n=42,938), and 72 comorbidities. Visual analytics identified patient subgroups and co-occurring comorbidities. Guided by the framework for reporting adaptations and modifications to evidence-based interventions (FRAME), an interdisciplinary team developed vignettes that highlighted multimorbidity to customize the self-management program.

Results:

There were five …

Molecular Insights Using Spatial Transcriptomics Of The Distal Lung In Congenital Diaphragmatic Hernia, Krithika Lingappan, Oluyinka O Olutoye, Abiud Cantu, Manuel Eliezer Cantu Gutierrez, Nahir Cortes-Santiago, J D Hammond, Jamie Gilley, Joselyn Rojas Quintero, Hui Li, Francesca Polverino, Jason P Gleghorn, Sundeep G Keswani

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Abnormal pulmonary vascular development and function in congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a significant factor leading to pulmonary hypertension. The lung is a very heterogenous organ and has marked cellular diversity that is differentially responsive to injury and therapeutic agents. Spatial transcriptomics provides the unmatched capability of discerning the differences in the transcriptional signature of these distinct cell subpopulations in the lung with regional specificity. We hypothesized that the distal lung parenchyma (selected as a region of interest) would show a distinct transcriptomic profile in the CDH lung compared with control (normal lung). We subjected lung sections obtained from male …

Obesity Paradox Or Hypoxia Preconditioning: How Obstructive Sleep Apnea Modifies The Obesity-Mi Relationship, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Ritwick Agrawal, Vijay Nambi, Ahmed Bahammam, Javad Razjouyan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to evaluate the interaction between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea on acute MI in hospital mortality.

METHODS: This retrospective cohort study utilized Veterans Health Administration data from years 1999-2020. Participants were categorized according to their body mass index (BMI) to non-obese (BMI

RESULTS: Among 72,036 veterans with acute-MI hospitalization, individuals with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (OB-SA) had the lowest in-hospital mortality rate (1.0%) compared to those without obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (nOB-nSA, 2.8%), with obesity but without obstructive sleep apnea (OB-nSA, 2.4%), and with obesity and obstructive sleep apnea (nOB-SA, 1.4%). …

Transcriptomic And Proteomic Assessment Of Tocilizumab Response In A Randomized Controlled Trial Of Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19, Haridha Shivram, Jason A Hackney, Carrie M Rosenberger, Anastasia Teterina, Aditi Qamra, Olusegun Onabajo, Jacqueline Mcbride, Fang Cai, Min Bao, Larry Tsai, Aviv Regev, Ivan O Rosas, Rebecca N Bauer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

High interleukin (IL)-6 levels are associated with greater COVID-19 severity. IL-6 receptor blockade by tocilizumab (anti-IL6R; Actemra) is used globally for the treatment of severe COVID-19, yet a molecular understanding of the therapeutic benefit remains unclear. We characterized the immune profile and identified cellular and molecular pathways modified by tocilizumab in peripheral blood samples from patients enrolled in the COVACTA study, a phase 3, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of the efficacy and safety of tocilizumab in hospitalized patients with severe COVID-19. We identified markers of inflammation, lymphopenia, myeloid dysregulation, and organ injury that predict disease severity and clinical outcomes. Proteomic …

Shp2 Promotes Sarcoidosis Severity By Inhibiting Skp2-Targeted Ubiquitination Of Tbet In Cd8+ T Cells, Sherly I Celada, Clarice X Lim, Alexandre F Carisey, Scott A Ochsner, Carlos F Arce Deza, Praveen Rexie, Fernando Poli De Frias, Rafael Cardenas-Castillo, Francesca Polverino, Markus Hengstschläger, Konstantin Tsoyi, Neil J Mckenna, Farrah Kheradmand, Thomas Weichhart, Ivan O Rosas, Luc Van Kaer, Lindsay J Celada

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Sarcoidosis is an interstitial lung disease (ILD) characterized by IFNγ and TBET dysregulation. Although one-third of patients progress from granulomatous inflammation to severe lung damage, the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain unclear. Here, we report that pharmacological inhibition of phosphorylated SH2 containing protein tyrosine phosphatase-2 (pSHP2), a facilitator of aberrant IFNγ levels, decreases large granuloma formation and macrophage infiltration in the lungs of mice with sarcoidosis-like disease. Positive treatment outcomes were dependent on the effective enhancement of TBET ubiquitination within CD8+ T cells. Mechanistically, our findings identified a previously unknown post-translational modification (PTM) pathway in which the E3 F-box …

Beyond The Symptom: The Biology Of Fatigue, David M Raizen, Janet Mullington, Christelle Anaclet, Gerard Clarke, Hugo Critchley, Robert Dantzer, Ronald Davis, Kelly L Drew, Josh Fessel, Patrick M Fuller, Erin M Gibson, Mary Harrington, W Ian Lipkin, Elizabeth B Klerman, Nancy Klimas, Anthony L Komaroff, Walter Koroshetz, Lauren Krupp, Anna Kuppuswamy, Julie Lasselin, Laura D Lewis, Pierre J Magistretti, Heidi Y Matos, Christine Miaskowski, Andrew H Miller, Avindra Nath, Maiken Nedergaard, Mark R Opp, Marylyn D Ritchie, Dragana Rogulja, Asya Rolls, John D Salamone, Clifford Saper, Vicky Whittemore, Glenn Wylie, Jarred Younger, Phyllis C Zee, H Craig Heller

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A workshop titled "Beyond the Symptom: The Biology of Fatigue" was held virtually September 27-28, 2021. It was jointly organized by the Sleep Research Society and the Neurobiology of Fatigue Working Group of the NIH Blueprint Neuroscience Research Program. For access to the presentations and video recordings, see: https://neuroscienceblueprint.nih.gov/about/event/beyond-symptom-biology-fatigue. The goals of this workshop were to bring together clinicians and scientists who use a variety of research approaches to understand fatigue in multiple conditions and to identify key gaps in our understanding of the biology of fatigue. This workshop summary distills key issues discussed in this workshop and provides a …

From Pre-Copd To Copd: A Simple, Low Cost And Easy To Implement (Slim) Risk Calculator, Miguel J Divo, Congjian Liu, Francesca Polverino, Peter J Castaldi, Bartolome R Celli, Yohannes Tesfaigzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The lifetime risk of developing clinical COPD among smokers ranges from 13% to 22%. Identifying at-risk individuals who will develop overt disease in a reasonable timeframe may allow for early intervention. We hypothesised that readily available clinical and physiological variables could help identify ever-smokers at higher risk of developing chronic airflow limitation (CAL).

METHODS: Among 2273 Lovelace Smokers' Cohort (LSC) participants, we included 677 (mean age 54 years) with normal spirometry at baseline and a minimum of three spirometries, each 1 year apart. Repeated spirometric measurements were used to determine incident CAL. Using logistic regression, demographics, anthropometrics, smoking history, …

Clinical Outcomes Associated With Overestimation Of Oxygen Saturation By Pulse Oximetry In Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19, Ashraf Fawzy, Tianshi David Wu, Kunbo Wang, Kenneth E Sands, Arielle M Fisher, Shanna A Arnold Egloff, Jeffrey D Dellavolpe, Theodore J Iwashyna, Yanxun Xu, Brian T Garibaldi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Many pulse oximeters have been shown to overestimate oxygen saturation in persons of color, and this phenomenon has potential clinical implications. The relationship between overestimation of oxygen saturation with timing of COVID-19 medication delivery and clinical outcomes remains unknown.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between overestimation of oxygen saturation by pulse oximetry and delay in administration of COVID-19 therapy, hospital length of stay, risk of hospital readmission, and in-hospital mortality.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This cohort study included patients hospitalized for COVID-19 at 186 acute care facilities in the US with at least 1 functional arterial oxygen saturation (SaO2) …

Plasma Extracellular Vesicle Proteins As Promising Noninvasive Biomarkers For Diagnosis Of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Raju S R Adduri, Kai Cai, Karen Velasco-Alzate, Ravikiran Vasireddy, Jeffrey W Miller, Sergio Poli De Frías, Fernando Poli De Frías, Yasushi Horimasu, Hiroshi Iwamoto, Noboru Hattori, Yingze Zhang, Kevin F Gibson, Anoop K Pal, Zhe Chen, Daniela Nicastro, Li Li, Sujith Cherian, Lynette M Sholl, Sreerama Shetty, Harrison Ndetan, Anthony H Maeda, Maria A Planchart Ferretto, Gary M Hunninghake, David A Schwartz, Daniel J Kass, Ivan O Rosas, Nagarjun V Konduru

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

High-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) imaging is critical for diagnostic evaluation of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF). However, several other interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) often exhibit radiologic pattern similar to IPF on HRCT making the diagnosis of the disease difficult. Therefore, biomarkers that distinguish IPF from other ILDs can be a valuable aid in diagnosis. Using mass spectrometry, we performed proteomic analysis of plasma extracellular vesicles (EVs) in patients diagnosed with IPF, chronic hypersensitivity pneumonitis, nonspecific interstitial pneumonitis, and healthy subjects. A five-protein signature was identified by lasso regression and was validated in an independent cohort using ELISA. The five-protein signature derived …

On The Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccine, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Prognostic Value Of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 Viral Load And Antibodies In Patients Hospitalized With Covid-19, Rebecca N Bauer, Anastasia Teterina, Haridha Shivram, Jacqueline Mcbride, Carrie M Rosenberger, Fang Cai, Min Bao, Larry Tsai, Oliver Gordon, Ivan T Lee, Jeffrey J Wallin, Danielle Porter, Kavita Juneja, Gregory Camus, Ivan O Rosas, Steffen Wildum

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Observational studies have identified the potential prognostic value for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) viral load and anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, viral load in nasopharyngeal (NP) swabs produced inconsistent results in prognostic analyses, and the prognostic value of viral load or antibodies has not been confirmed in large clinical trials. COVACTA and REMDACTA were double-blind, randomized, controlled trials with a combined enrollment of 1078 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 treated with tocilizumab or placebo in COVACTA or tocilizumab plus remdesivir or placebo plus remdesivir in REMDACTA. We assessed the potential prognostic value of NP and serum …

Identification Of Molecular Markers Associated With Copd In Non-Smokers And Smokers: A Bioinformatics Analysis, Agede O. Ayodele, Isa M. Wasagu, Ademola E. Fawibe, Alakija K. Salami

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Background

Even though the proportional burden of COPD among never-smokers is significant in both developing and developed nations, accounting for around 30% of all COPD in the community, there is little awareness of the prevalence of COPD in this population. Understanding the molecular processes that underlie COPD in nonsmokers is essential.

Methods

Dataset (GSE146560) was acquired from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The limma and clusterProfiler software tools were used to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and conduct a functional enrichment analysis respectively.

Results

In all, 10,583 DEGs were found, of which 1,065 were up-regulated and 9,518 were down-regulated. The …

Obstructive Sleep Apnea Modulates Clinical Outcomes Post-Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Large Longitudinal Veterans’ Dataset Report, Ritwick Agrawal, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Vijay Nambi, Ahmed Bahammam, Javad Razjouyan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: While the longer-term Obstructive Sleep apnea (OSA)-related intermittent hypoxia (IH) leads to various comorbidities, it has become increasingly evident that OSA confers protective advantages during and after acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We hypothesized in patients who were admitted with acute MI, the presence of OSA is associated with lower in-hospital mortality compared to those without a prior diagnosis of OSA.

METHODS: In this nationwide retrospective study utilizing Veterans Health Administration records, we included patients hospitalized for MI with a history of sleep disorders from 1999 to 2020. We divided patients into two cohorts: those with OSA and those without …

Update On The Role Of Feno In Asthma Management, Neveda Murugesan, Damini Saxena, Arundhati Dileep, Muhammad Adrish, Nicola A Hanania

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Asthma is a heterogenous disorder characterized by presence of different phenotypes and endotypes. Up to 10% of the individuals suffer from severe asthma and are at increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) is a cost-effective, point of care biomarker that is used to detect type 2 airway inflammation. Guidelines have proposed to measure FeNO as an adjunct to diagnostic evaluation in individuals with suspected asthma and to monitor airway inflammation. FeNO has lower sensitivity, suggesting that it may not be a good biomarker to rule out asthma. FeNO may also be used to predict response …

Cc16 Augmentation Reduces Exaggerated Copd-Like Disease In Cc16-Deficient Mice, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Maria Eugenia Laucho-Contreras, Xiaoyun Wang, Quynh-Anh Fucci, Patrick R Burkett, Se-Jin Kim, Duo Zhang, Yohannes Tesfaigzi, Yuhong Li, Abhiram R Bhashyam, Zhang Li, Haider Khamas, Bartolome Celli, Aprile L Pilon, Francesca Polverino, Caroline A Owen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Low Club Cell 16 kDa protein (CC16) plasma levels are linked to accelerated lung function decline in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Cigarette smoke-exposed (CS-exposed) Cc16-/- mice have exaggerated COPD-like disease associated with increased NF-κB activation in their lungs. It is unclear whether CC16 augmentation can reverse exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- mice and whether increased NF-κB activation contributes to the exaggerated COPD in CS-exposed Cc16-/- lungs. CS-exposed WT and Cc16-/- mice were treated with recombinant human CC16 (rhCC16) or an NF-κB inhibitor versus vehicle beginning at the midpoint of the exposures. COPD-like disease and NF-κB activation were …

Gender Disparities In The Diagnosis Of Sleep Disordered Breathing, Kenna Haile, Nesrine Ibrahim, Safwan Badr, Apala Vaishnav

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction: Current diagnostic guidelines for sleep disordered breathing (SDB) require that apneas and hypopneas be accompanied by a 4% desaturation for it to constitute a respiratory event (AHI-Accepted). However, the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommends expanding the diagnostic criteria to include apneas and hypopneas accompanied by a 3% desaturation or a cortical arousal for diagnosis (AHI-Recommended). We hypothesized that a clinical sample of both men and women would demonstrate that women are more likely to be misdiagnosed using the accepted criteria compared to the recommended criteria.

Methods: The clinical sample consisted of all patients receiving a PSG at the …

Mortality Patterns Associated With Central Sleep Apnea Among Veterans: A Large, Retrospective, Longitudinal Report, Ritwick Agrawal, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Daniel J Gottlieb, Sara Nowakowski, Javad Razjouyan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rationale

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is associated with high mortality. Current knowledge stems from studies with limited sample size (fewer than 100 subjects) and in homogeneous populations such as heart failure (HF).

Objectives

To address this knowledge gap, we compared the mortality pattern and time to death between the CSA and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients in the large Veterans Health Administration patient population using the big data analytic approach.

Methods

This is a retrospective study using national Veterans Health Administration electronic medical records from October 1, 1999, through September 30, 2020. We grouped the patients with underlying sleep disorders …

Electrical Stimulation To Regain Lower Extremity Muscle Perfusion And Endurance In Patients With Post-Acute Sequelae Of Sars Cov-2: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Alejandro Zulbaran-Rojas, Myeounggon Lee, Rasha O Bara, Areli Flores-Camargo, Gil Spitz, M G Finco, Amir Behzad Bagheri, Dipaben Modi, Fidaa Shaib, Bijan Najafi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Muscle deconditioning and impaired vascular function in the lower extremities (LE) are among the long‐term symptoms experienced by COVID‐19 patients with a history of severe illness. These symptoms are part of the post‐acute sequelae of Sars‐CoV‐2 (PASC) and currently lack evidence‐based treatment. To investigate the efficacy of lower extremity electrical stimulation (E‐Stim) in addressing PASC‐related muscle deconditioning, we conducted a double‐blinded randomized controlled trial. Eighteen (n = 18) patients with LE muscle deconditioning were randomly assigned to either the intervention (IG) or the control (CG) group, resulting in 36 LE being assessed. Both groups received daily 1 h E‐Stim …

Association Of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Deficiency With Outcomes In Us Veterans With Covid-19, Sarah H Elsea, Javad Razjouyan, Kyung Min Lee, Julie A Lynch, Sharyl Martini, Lavannya M Pandit

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: The underlying biological risk factors for severe outcome due to SAR-CoV-2 infection are not well defined.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and severity of COVID-19.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This retrospective cohort study included analysis of 24 700 veterans with G6PD enzyme testing prior to January 1, 2020, obtained through the US Veterans Health Administration national databases. These veterans were cross-referenced with the Veterans Administration COVID-19 Shared Data Resource for SARS-CoV-2 testing from February 15, 2020, to January 1, 2021. The final study population consisted of 4811 veterans who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Statistical …

Performance Of A Sars-Cov-2 Rt-Pcr Assay With Non-Traditional Specimen Types, Subathra Marimuthu, Holly Aliesky, Heather Ness, Daniya Sheikh, Sathya Rashmit, Dawn Balcom, Leslie A. Wolf

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

During the first two years of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, nasopharyngeal (NP) specimens were the gold standard for clinical diagnostic testing. As information about the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causing the pandemic continued to be shared, it was clear that the virus could be detected in other specimen types during an active infection. The University of Louisville Infectious Diseases Laboratory accepted non-traditional specimen types, most without a paired, positive NP result, for research purposes only to support local epidemiology efforts. A real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay originally validated for NP specimens was used …

What? Now A Respiratory Syncytial Virus Epidemic, Aya Allam, Steven B Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Inflammatory Biomarkers Differ Among Hospitalized Veterans Infected With Alpha, Delta, And Omicron Sars-Cov-2 Variants, Catherine Park, Shahriar Tavakoli-Tabasi, Amir Sharafkhaneh, Benjamin J Seligman, Bret Hicken, Christopher I Amos, Andrew Chou, Javad Razjouyan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Mortality due to COVID-19 has been correlated with laboratory markers of inflammation, such as C-reactive protein (CRP). The lower mortality during Omicron variant infections could be explained by variant-specific immune responses or host factors, such as vaccination status. We hypothesized that infections due to Omicron variant cause less inflammation compared to Alpha and Delta, correlating with lower mortality. This was a retrospective cohort study of veterans hospitalized for COVID-19 at the Veterans Health Administration. We compared inflammatory markers among patients hospitalized during Omicron infection with those of Alpha and Delta. We reported the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of the first …

Recurrent Cyanotic Spells In An Octogenarian, Chin Tong Kwok, Chun Kit Wong

Journal of the Hong Kong College of Cardiology

We report rare case of an octogenarian who, after years of diagnostic delay, was found to have a patent foramen ovale, and due to an ascending aortic aneurysm that anatomically facilitated right-to-left shunt, presenting with life-threatening cyanotic attacks. The characteristic orthodeoxia-platypnea syndrome and high alveolar arterial gradient hint to the diagnosis. She was eventually treated successfully with urgent percutaneous PFO closure. Routine ordering of a transthoracic echocardiogram, without agitated saline injection under provocation maneuvers, may not be sufficient to rule out shunts.

Diagnosis Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis By Respiratory Function Test, Francesca Polverino, Simone Sampaolo, Antonio Capuozzo, Marco Fasolino, Michele Aliberti, Ersilia Satta, Carlo Santoriello, Mario Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The diagnostic criterion for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) based on the findings of concomitant clinical and electrophysiological evidence of upper and lower motor neuron involvement may remain unsatisfied for months and in some patients, even for years in the early stage of the disease. Since respiratory involvement is an onset symptom of ALS in only 1-3% of patients, pulmonary assessment has never been considered useful in the early diagnosis of ALS. However, studies on pulmonary function are lacking, especially in those early stages where neurologic tests are also inconclusive. In contrast to the scarcity of data in the early stages, …

Clinical Efficacy Among Patients With Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps And Clinical Features Of Obstructive Lung Disease: Post Hoc Analysis Of The Phase Iii Sinus-24 And Sinus-52 Studies, Jorge F Maspero, Claus Bachert, Fernando J Martinez, Nicola A Hanania, Benjamin Ortiz, Naimish Patel, Leda P Mannent, Amy Praestgaard, Nami Pandit-Abid, Shahid Siddiqui, Megan Hardin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: To provide a descriptive summary of clinical efficacy and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) measures in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) and clinical features of obstructive lung disease in the Phase III dupilumab studies SINUS-24 and SINUS-52 (NCT02912468, NCT02898454).

PATIENTS AND METHODS: Patients met a "broad" definition of having clinical features of obstructive lung disease with any of 3 criteria: (i) pre-bronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV

RESULTS: Across both studies, 131 patients met the "broad" definition, of whom 90 also had asthma, and 115 patients met the "narrow" definition, of whom 74 had …

Lower Respiratory Illnesses In Childhood Are Associated With The Presence Of Air Trapping In Early Adulthood, Francesca Polverino, Debra A Stern, Eric M Snyder, Courtney Wheatley-Guy, Surya P Bhatt, Fernando D Martinez, Stefano Guerra, Wayne J Morgan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Several factors occurring in early life, including lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRIs), are involved in determining lung structure and function in adulthood, but the effects of these factors on lung development remain largely unknown. Hereby, we evaluated the parameters from computed tomography (CT) scans performed at the age of 26 years in 39 subjects from the birth cohort of the Tucson Children's Respiratory Study (TCRS) in order to determine the relationship between early childhood factors and lung structural changes in young adult life. We found that participants with LRIs in childhood had increased air trapping at the age of 26 …

Corrigendum: Alveolar Macrophages In Lung Cancer: Opportunities And Challenges, Cheng-Yen Chang, Dominique Armstrong, David B Corry, Farrah Kheradmand

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In the published article, there was an error in the article title. Instead of “Alveolar Macrophages in Lung Cancer: Opportunities Challenges”, it should be “Alveolar Macrophages in Lung Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges”.

The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.

Respiratory Function Changes As Early Signs Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis, Mario Polverino, Simone Sampaolo, Antonio Capuozzo, Marco Fasolino, Michele Aliberti, Ersilia Satta, Carlo Santoriello, James Peter Orengo, Francesca Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The current diagnostic criteria for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) may remain unsatisfactory for months or years in the early disease. Pulmonary assessment has never been considered useful in the early diagnosis of ALS, and studies of pulmonary function in this patient category are lacking.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the pulmonary function in subjects with unspecific symptoms of ALS in whom an ALS diagnosis cannot be reached based on the current available guidelines.

METHODS: We performed pulmonary function tests, arterial gas analysis, maximal inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory (MEP) pressure, and respiratory drive (P0.1) assessment in …

Cc16 Drives Vla-2-Dependent Splunc1 Expression, Natalie Iannuzo, Holly Welfley, Nicholas C Li, Michael D L Johnson, Joselyn Rojas-Quintero, Francesca Polverino, Stefano Guerra, Xingnan Li, Darren A Cusanovich, Paul R Langlais, Julie G Ledford

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

RATIONALE: CC16 (Club Cell Secretory Protein) is a protein produced by club cells and other non-ciliated epithelial cells within the lungs. CC16 has been shown to protect against the development of obstructive lung diseases and attenuate pulmonary pathogen burden. Despite recent advances in understanding CC16 effects in circulation, the biological mechanisms of CC16 in pulmonary epithelial responses have not been elucidated.

OBJECTIVES: We sought to determine if CC16 deficiency impairs epithelial-driven host responses and identify novel receptors expressed within the pulmonary epithelium through which CC16 imparts activity.

METHODS: We utilized mass spectrometry and quantitative proteomics to investigate how CC16 deficiency …