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Articles 31 - 43 of 43
Full-Text Articles in Radiology
Prostate Specific Antigen As A Risk Factor For Skeletal Metastases In Black African Men With Prostate Cancer, Ayman Mahmood Qureshi
Prostate Specific Antigen As A Risk Factor For Skeletal Metastases In Black African Men With Prostate Cancer, Ayman Mahmood Qureshi
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Background: Prostate cancer is one of the commonest cancers in men worldwide. Several recognised risk factors are associated with this disease, amongst them, race. Despite this, there is a paucity of data in the native African setting. The skeletal system is a common site of metastasis, its incidence increasing with increase in prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels. Bone scans are used to detect skeletal metastases. Its use in prostate cancer patients with abnormal but low PSA has been subject of debate. Objectives: To test the association of PSA levels with skeletal metastasis in men with histologically proven prostate cancer. Methodology: …
Uterine Fibroid Embolization For Symptomatic Fibroids; Correlation Of Mid-Term Changes In Disease-Specific Symptoms And Magnetic Resonance Imaging Results At A Teaching Hospital In Kenya, John Kiprop Mutai
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Background: Uterine fibroid embolization, though a widely available option in high income countries in managing symptomatic fibroids is relatively new in the East African region. It is currently offered at only one tertiary facility for the past three years. The symptom and radiological response in these patients, who literature suggests may have bigger fibroid burden and worse symptoms, is the subject of this study. Objective: Characterization of MRI imaging features in women undergoing uterine fibroid embolization and identification of clinical correlates in an African population. Methods: Patients with symptomatic fibroids who are selected to undergo UFE at the hospital formed …
The Role Of Inflammation In Contrast Induced Nephropathy, Elijah A. Kwasa
The Role Of Inflammation In Contrast Induced Nephropathy, Elijah A. Kwasa
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Background: Intravenously administered iodinated contrast media are widely and liberally used in daily diagnostic radiological investigations. Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is notable as the third commonest cause of hospital-acquired renal injury. Justification: The global prevalence of CIN from various studies ranges from 2-5% but an incidence of CIN of 12-14% in Kenya was highlighted by a recent study without an explanation for the markedly increased incidence. Intravascular contrast has been demonstrated to commonly cause renal vasoconstriction. However, the low incidence of CIN in the general population infers that contrast alone cannot be a causative insult. This study proposes that inflammatory states, …
Prevalence Of Low Bone Mineral Density Amongst Resident Doctors At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Rose Ndumia
Prevalence Of Low Bone Mineral Density Amongst Resident Doctors At The Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, Rose Ndumia
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Objective: This was a cross-sectional study carried out amongst resident doctors training at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi to determine their bone mineral density and investigate for any association between the bone mineral density and the residents’ lifestyle. Methods: 65 randomly selected residents from various departments in the Aga Khan University Hospital, Nairobi, underwent a Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan and filled out questionnaires to assess their physical activity, sunlight exposure and calcium intake. This was carried out between April and June 2011. Results: 65 residents were included in the final analysis. 50 residents (76.9% with a 95% …
Stratification Of White Matter Hyperintensities In Young And Middle Age Adults Using Hydrogen Magnetic Resonance (H-Mr) Spectroscopy, M’Mene E. Elvis
Stratification Of White Matter Hyperintensities In Young And Middle Age Adults Using Hydrogen Magnetic Resonance (H-Mr) Spectroscopy, M’Mene E. Elvis
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Objective: The objective of this study was to stratify white matter hyperintensities on the basis of neuronal integrity in young and middle age adults by comparing the level of N-acetyl aspartate and creatine ratios in white matter hyperintensity lesions and normal appearing white matter using hydrogen magnetic resonance (H-MR) spectroscopy at 1.5 Tesla(T) Methods: Fifty consecutive patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria aged 18-50yrs who were referred for magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain at the Radiology department of Aga Khan University Hospital over a six month period between January and June 2011 were included in the study. These patients …
Comparison Of Wavelet Compressed Mri Cineloop Images Versus Originally Acquired Non-Modified Mri Images For Detection Of Brain Lesions, Patrice K. Anangwe
Comparison Of Wavelet Compressed Mri Cineloop Images Versus Originally Acquired Non-Modified Mri Images For Detection Of Brain Lesions, Patrice K. Anangwe
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Brief background: Image compression has been widely accepted as the solution to the explosion of imaging data since the advent of multiaxial multisequence imaging. However, compromise on diagnostic quality secondary to this modification has been an issue. Many studies have been carried out looking at just noticeable differences but few have been undertaken to look at the difference in ability to detect pathology in original versus cineloop compressed images. This study was done to compare lesion detection ability of cineloop compressed images as compared to original images. Objectives: A comparative study to evaluate detection of brain lesions in wavelet compressed …
Comparison Of Multi-Detector Ct Venography And Venous Sonography For Detecting Lower Limb Deep Venous Thrombosis In Patients With Suspected Pulmonary Embolism, Ruth Wanjohi
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Objective: This was a prospective analytic study that aimed to compare the agreement between CT pulmonary angiography (CTPA/CTV) and ultrasonography (US) for diagnosis of thromboembolic disease and determine the sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of the 2 tests using the presence of thromboembolic disease as a reference standard. Methods: 76 consecutive patients who were referred for CTPA at the Radiology department of Aga Khan University Hospital over an 8 month period between December 2008 and July 2009 were included in the study. All the patients underwent combined CTPA/CTV according to the usual departmental protocol. They subsequently had bilateral …
Comparison Of A New Opposed Phase Imaging Protocol To The Standard Conventional Mri Protocol In Demonstration Of Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease At 1.5t., Peter C. Magabe
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare diagnostic yield of a new Opposed Phase Imaging protocol [OPI] to the standard conventional MRI protocol [CONV] in demonstration of lumbar degenerative disc disease at 1.5T. Materials and Methods: A total of 102 patients suspected of lumbar disc disease were examined using the two protocols. Images from both protocols were then analyzed independently by two radiologists. Category of disc disease[normal, bulge ,protrusion, extrusion] and anatomic clarity of spinal structures related to disc disease[nerve roots, osteophytes, modic changes and hemangiomas ] were assessed using a standard 4 point scoring scale [1=inadequate,2 =adequate,3=normal …
Evaluation Of Solid Breast Masses Using Sonographic Acr Bi-Rads Lexicon Descriptors, Brian N. Bwombuna
Evaluation Of Solid Breast Masses Using Sonographic Acr Bi-Rads Lexicon Descriptors, Brian N. Bwombuna
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Purpose of the study: To which of the ACR sonographic BIRADS lexicon descriptors can be used reliably to differentiate benign from malignant solid breast masses. Objectives: 1.Main Objective: To determine the association of sonographic ACR BI-RADS descriptors and solid breast masses 2. Specific Objective: To determine the predictive probabilities of sonographic BI-RADS lexicon descriptors Methodology: This was a 15 months prospective cross sectional study in which 125 consecutive patients who met the inclusion criteria were enrolled. The study was carried out at theAga KhanUniversity hospitalradiology department between October 2008 and December 2009 inclusive. The scans were performed in ourradiology department …
Use Of Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (Mrs) To Improve Magnetic Resonance Imaging (Mri) In The Diagnosis Of Intracranial Pathology, Done At Aga Khan University, Joyce Sande
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Introduction: Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS)is a potentially useful adjunct to Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) in thecharacterization of focal brain lesions. This study was aimed at showing that by the additional use of MRS (MRI, MRS), the characterization of a focal brain lesion into neoplastic, or non- neoplastic (infective, or degenerative) can be improved, as compared to the use of MRI alone. Study question: Does the additional use of MRS improve MRI differentiation of neoplastic from non- neoplastic (infective or degenerative) focal brain lesions? Methods: The design was prospective, analytical and comparative. 80 consecutive patients were enrolled. Conventional MRI of the …
Evaluating The Diagnostic Performance Of An Initial Transvaginal Sonogram (Tvs) In Patients With Suspected Ectopic Pregnancy, Zablon Bett
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Purpose of the study: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of an initial transvaginal sonogram (TVS) in patients with suspected ectopic pregnancy (EP). Objectives: 1) To determine the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values of an initial TVS scan in patients with suspected EP. 2) To determine the diagnostic utility of TVS findings as predictors of EP. Methodology: This was a descriptive, prospective study of 131 consecutive mothers who had TVS for clinical suspicion of EP at the Aga Khan University hospital over a 12 month period between November 2007 and October 2008. The scans were performed in our …
Comparison Of Doppler Studies In Obstetrics With Fetal Outcome, Sheila Waa
Comparison Of Doppler Studies In Obstetrics With Fetal Outcome, Sheila Waa
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Purpose: to compare umbilical artery and middle cerebral Doppler ultrasound values in normal and high risk pregnancies with fetal outcome. Method: 121 consecutive pregnancies (at or over 28 weeks gestation), stratified into low and high risk pregnancies based on clinician information were prospectively examined with doppler ultrasound of UA and MCA. Results: outcome was available for 100 of the 121 patients. 26% of pregnancies had poor outcome. Of these 73% (19) and 27% (7) were classified as high risk and low risk respectively. UA alone or in combination with MCA was shown to have 100% specificity for predicting fetal outcome. …
Evaluation Of Suspected Renal Colic Patients With Unenhanced Low-Dose Multidetector Computed Tomography (Mdct), Nebayosi Twahirwa
Evaluation Of Suspected Renal Colic Patients With Unenhanced Low-Dose Multidetector Computed Tomography (Mdct), Nebayosi Twahirwa
Master of Medicine in Imaging and Diagnostic Radiology
Acute renal colic is probably one of the most excruciatingly painful event a person can endure. [1]. Though this is typical of urinary tract calculi, it’s important to note that non-calculus and non-genitourinary conditions can present in a similar manner. Unenhanced helical CT (CT KUB), originally described by Smith et al [2] in 1995, is one single radiological test that has proven successful in the valuation of patients presenting with renal colic. This technique has been shown to be more accurate compared to abdominal radiography [3,4], ultrasound and has replaced excretory urography in the detection of urinary tract calculi in …