Radiation Medicine Commons^™

Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy (Fsrt) For Symptomatic Who Grade 1 Cavernous Sinus Meningiomas: Long-Term Local Control, Clinical Response, And Toxicity Outcomes, Ryan Shah, Shray Jain, Nilanjan Haldar, Lauren A. Holt, Robert Walker, Christopher J Farrell, Md, Debanjan Haldar, James J. Evans, Gregory S. Alexander, Wenyin Shi

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

PURPOSE: Cavernous sinus meningiomas represent a significant clinical challenge, given the high prevalence of neurological deficits and limited surgical options. Radiation therapy is often the preferred treatment. This study evaluates the effectiveness of fractionated stereotactic radiation therapy (fSRT) in achieving local control and symptomatic relief in patients with cavernous sinus meningiomas.

METHODS: This is a single-institution retrospective analysis of patients with symptomatic presumed WHO grade 1 cavernous sinus meningiomas treated with fSRT (1.8-2 Gy per fraction). Clinical data were collected by chart review. Kaplan-Meier curves were generated to assess local control. Clinical responses were evaluated for symptom improvement, stability, or …

A Fast Framework For Generating Radioactive Mixture Spectra And Its Application To Remote High-Performance Mixture Identification, Chiman Kwan, Bulent Ayhan, Adam Stavola, Kazi Aminul Islam, Hongfang Zhang, Jiang Li

Electrical & Computer Engineering Faculty Publications

Remote detection of radioactive materials in mixtures using handheld or portal detectors remains a challenge because of factors such as low concentration, environmental interference, sensor noise, and other complications. This work introduces a fast framework for generating realistic mixture spectra. Moreover, we present mixture isotope identification using data generated by the fast framework. Researchers have examined a range of conventional and recent algorithms within the fields of machine learning and deep learning. An application to uranium enrichment-level prediction has been included. Extensive simulation experiments validated the efficacy of the proposed framework.

Machine Learning Models For Pancreatic Cancer Survival Prediction: A Multi-Model Analysis Across Stages And Treatments Using The Surveillance, Epidemiology, And End Results (Seer) Database, Aditya Chakraborty, Mohan D. Pant

Epidemiology, Biostatistics, & Environmental Health Faculty Publications

Background: Pancreatic cancer is among the most lethal malignancies, with poor prognosis and limited survival despite treatment advances. Accurate survival modeling is critical for prognostication and clinical decision-making. This study had three primary aims: (1) to determine the best-fitting survival distribution among patients diagnosed and deceased from pancreatic cancer across stages and treatment types; (2) to construct and compare predictive risk classification models; and (3) to evaluate survival probabilities using parametric, semi-parametric, non-parametric, machine learning, and deep learning methods for Stage IV patients receiving both chemotherapy and radiation. Methods: Using data from the SEER database, parametric models (Generalized Extreme Value, …

Flash Radiation Ultra-High Dose Rate Radiation With Potential For Sensitization By Platinum, Abigail A. Jaczkowski, Stephen Brown Ph.D.

Medical Student Research Symposium

External beam radiation therapy, a cornerstone in cancer treatment for 50% of patients, poses challenges due to its toxicity to both cancer and healthy cells. Seeking to mitigate side effects, the emerging FLASH radiation technology employs ultra-high dose rates, promising quicker treatments with reduced impact on surrounding normal tissue. Platinum, recognized as a radiation sensitizer, enhances the effectiveness of radiation therapy by increasing sensitization at higher energy levels through pair-production.

This study explores the hypothesis that Cisplatin, a platinum-based chemotherapy agent, will exhibit a synergistic effect when combined with FLASH radiation. Using A549 cells from non-small cell lung cancer, the …

Inducing Accelerated Lung Toxicity In Mice Using A Partial Arc Sbrt Technique, Andrew Gerry, Charita Kunta, Noelle Francois, Tiziana Deangelis, Anuradha Shastri, Nicole Simone, Reza Taleei

Department of Radiation Oncology Posters

Background

• Radiation-induced pulmonary fibrosis (RIPF) is a frequent outcome of thoracic radiation therapy, constraining safe tumor radiation dosage. Various animal models, such as mice, rats, and pigs, have been devised to study RIPF
• Current methods for inducing lung fibrosis in mice involve whole lung irradiation with doses between 2-20 Gy. These methods used fixed anterior and posterior (AP/PA) x-ray beams at 0º and 180º with analysis typically commencing 24 to 52 weeks post-radiation
• Current methods are unrepresentative of modern radiation therapy techniques and are limited by the associated long latency of RIPF

An Analytic Model Of The External Beam Dose Rate Effect On Immune Cells In Blood Dosimetry, Lewei Zhao, Peilin Liu, G Liu, Xuanfeng Ding

Conference Presentation Abstracts

Purpose: Radiation therapy is a double-edged sword with regard to its immunomodulatory effect. It is critical to find how it is affected by dose rate. Thus, we developed an analytic model for calculating the number of immune cells receiving radiation. Methods: Suppose the blood is received radiation by constant dose rate. The blood is one-way flow without circulation in the radiation delivery at a constant velocity. Two kinds of lung treatment regimens were considered standard delivery 2Gy per fx total 30fx and hypo-fractionation SBRT 12 Gy per fx total 5 fx. Two different dose rates were simulated for standard treatment: …

Fiducial Markers Allow Accurate And Reproducible Delivery Of Liver Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy, Marina Moskalenko, Bernard L. Jones, Adam Mueller, Shirley Lewis, Jay C. Shiao, Sara J. Zakem, Tyler P. Robin, Karyn A. Goodman

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Fiducial markers are utilized for image guided radiotherapy (IGRT) alignment during the delivery of liver stereotactic body radiosurgery (SBRT). There are limited data demonstrating the impact of matching fiducials on the accuracy of liver SBRT. This study quantifies the benefit of fiducial-based alignment and improvements in inter-observer reliability. Nineteen patients with 24 liver lesions were treated with SBRT. Target localization was performed using fiducial markers on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Each CBCT procedure was retrospectively realigned to match both the liver edge and fiducial markers. The shifts were recorded by seven independent observers. Inter-observer variability was analyzed by calculating the …

Hemangioblastoma With Late Leptomeningeal Metastasis: A Case Report, Spencer J. Poiset, Aneesh Reddy, Catherine M. Tucker, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Kevin D. Judy, Wenyin Shi

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Hemangioblastoma of the central nervous system is an uncommon benign neoplasm, with about 25% of cases in patients with von Hippel-Lindau disease. The incidence of metastasis is rare, particularly in patients without von Hippel-Lindau disease. We report a case of hemangioblastoma with leptomeningeal dissemination as a late recurrence.

CASE PRESENTATION: A 65-year-old Caucasian man with a history of World Health Organization grade I hemangioblastoma of the cerebellar vermis underwent gross total resection in 1997. In early 2018, he developed intracranial recurrences with diffuse leptomeningeal disease of the entire spine. The patient underwent resection of intracranial recurrence, followed by palliative …

Vidutolimod In Combination With Atezolizumab With And Without Radiation Therapy In Patients With Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Or Programmed Death-Ligand 1 Blockade-Resistant Advanced Nsclc, Marcelo V Negrao, Vassiliki A Papadimitrakopoulou, Andrew C Price, Alda L Tam, Muhammad Furqan, Sandeep T Laroia, Erminia Massarelli, Jose Pacheco, John V Heymach, Anne S Tsao, Gary V Walker, Lalit Vora, David Mauro, Heather Kelley, James E Wooldridge, Arthur M Krieg, Jiaxin Niu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Vidutolimod, a CpG-A TLR9 agonist, was investigated in a phase 1b study (CMP-001-003; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03438318) in combination with atezolizumab with and without radiation therapy (RT) in patients with advanced NSCLC.

METHODS: Patients with progressive disease after anti-programmed cell death protein 1 or programmed death-ligand 1 therapy received either vidutolimod and atezolizumab (part A) or vidutolimod, atezolizumab, and RT (part B). The primary objective was to evaluate the safety of vidutolimod and atezolizumab with and without RT. Key secondary end point was best objective response rate per Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors, version 1.1.

RESULTS: Between March 28, 2018, …

Carbon Fiber-Reinforced Polyetheretherketone Spinal Implants For Treatment Of Spinal Tumors: Perceived Advantages And Limitations, Christopher Alvarez-Breckenridge, Romulo De Almeida, Ali Haider, Matthew Muir, Justin Bird, Robert North, Laurence Rhines, Claudio Tatsui

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

PURPOSE: Carbon-fiber reinforced polyetheretherketone (CFRP)-based spinal implants are an alternative to titanium, offering less image artifact as their metallic counterparts while maintaining similar biomechanical and biocompatibility properties. Its use in the management of spinal tumors has been reported, however the perceived advantages related to improved imaging quality, radiation treatment planning, and detection of tumor recurrence have not been fully assessed.

METHODS: We performed a retrospective review of medical records amongst oncologic patients treated at MD Anderson Cancer Center with CFRP implants. Histology, tumor location, construct features, time of follow-up, adjuvant radiation, recurrences, overall survival, and hardware-related complications were recorded.

RESULTS: …

Radiation Exposure Determination In A Secure, Cloud-Based Online Environment, Ben C. Shirley, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Peter Rogan

Biochemistry Publications

Rapid sample processing and interpretation of estimated exposures will be critical for triaging exposed individuals after a major radiation incident. The dicentric chromosome (DC) assay assesses absorbed radiation using metaphase cells from blood. The Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identifier and Dose Estimator System (ADCI) identifies DCs and determines radiation doses. This study aimed to broaden accessibility and speed of this system, while protecting data and software integrity. ADCI Online is a secure web-streaming platform accessible worldwide from local servers. Cloud-based systems containing data and software are separated until they are linked for radiation exposure estimation. Dose estimates are identical to ADCI …

Deep Inspiration And End Exhale Breathhold Evaluation For The Treatment Of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Using The Viewray Mridian Linactm, Tatum Mcglynn

Masters Projects

Introduction

Radiation therapy has been limited in the treatment of locally advanced pancreatic cancer. This is due to the dose tolerance to nearby organs at risk and breathing motion. Advancements in radiation treatment technology have now allowed pancreatic patients to be treated to higher doses in fewer fractions using stereotactic body radiotherapy treatment. With the use of MRI-guided treatments, using the ViewRay MRIdian linac, doses can be escalated using online adaptive treatment planning and real time tracking. However, there has yet to be an optimal breathhold technique investigated that can aid in this process.

Methods

Five patients that had been …

Chronoradiobiology Of Breast Cancer: The Time Is Now To Link Circadian Rhythm And Radiation Biology, Nicolas Nelson, Joseph Lombardo, Lauren Matlack, Alexandria Smith, Kamryn Hines, Wenyin Shi, Nicole L Simone

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Circadian disruption has been linked to cancer development, progression, and radiation response. Clinical evidence to date shows that circadian genetic variation and time of treatment affect radiation response and toxicity for women with breast cancer. At the molecular level, there is interplay between circadian clock regulators such as PER1, which mediates ATM and p53-mediated cell cycle gating and apoptosis. These molecular alterations may govern aggressive cancer phenotypes, outcomes, and radiation response. Exploiting the various circadian clock mechanisms may enhance the therapeutic index of radiation by decreasing toxicity, increasing disease control, and improving outcomes. We will review the body’s natural circadian …

Radiation Exposure Determination In A Secure, Cloudbased Online Environment, Ben C. Shirley, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Joan H.M. Knoll, Peter Rogan

Biochemistry Publications

Rapid sample processing and interpretation of estimated exposures will be critical for triaging exposed individuals after a major radiation incident. The dicentric chromosome (DC) assay assesses absorbed radiation using metaphase cells from blood. The Automated Dicentric Chromosome Identifier and Dose Estimator System (ADCI) identifies DCs and determines radiation doses. This study aimed to broaden accessibility and speed of this system, while protecting data and software integrity. ADCI Online is a secure web-streaming platform accessible worldwide from local servers. Cloud-based systems containing data and software are separated until they are linked for radiation exposure estimation. Dose estimates are identical to ADCI …

Improved Radiation Expression Profiling In Blood By Sequential Application Of Sensitive And Specific Gene Signatures, Eliseos J. Mucaki, Ben C. Shirley, Peter K. Rogan

Biochemistry Publications

Purpose. Combinations of expressed genes can discriminate radiation-exposed from normal control blood samples by machine learning based signatures (with 8 to 20% misclassification rates). These signatures can quantify therapeutically-relevant as well as accidental radiation exposures. The prodromal symptoms of Acute Radiation Syndrome (ARS) overlap those present in Influenza and Dengue Fever infections. Surprisingly, these human radiation signatures misclassified gene expression profiles of virally infected samples as false positive exposures. The present study investigates these and other confounders, and then mitigates their impact on signature accuracy.

Methods. This study investigated recall by previous and novel radiation signatures independently derived …

High-Dose-Rate Brachytherapy For The Treatment Of Basal And Squamous Cell Carcinomas On Sensitive Areas Of The Face: A Report Of Clinical Outcomes And Acute And Subacute Toxicities, James M. Taylor, Bahar Dasgeb, Spencer Liem, Ayesha Ali, Amy Harrison, Mitchell Finkelstein, Jisun Cha, Rani Anne, Steven Greenbaum, William Sherwin, Wenyin Shi

Department of Radiation Oncology Faculty Papers

Purpose Basal cell and cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma are common malignancies (keratinocyte carcinomas [KCs]). Surgical resection is the standard of care. Radiation using high-dose rate brachytherapy (HDR-BT) may serve as a superior alternative where surgical scars may be of cosmetic concern or in elderly patients with significant comorbidity. We aim to describe the clinical and cosmetic outcomes as well as posttreatment radiation toxicities associated with HDR-BT in patients who were treated for KCs of the face.

Methods and Materials Patients with KCs treated with HDR-BT from 2015 to 2018 were included in the study. Patient medical records and clinical photos …

Nuclear-Targeted Gold Nanoparticles Enhance The Effects Of Radiation Therapy With And Without Liposomal Delivery, Maureen Aliru

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Less that 10% of pancreatic cancer patients are eligible for curative resection, and clinical trials evaluating chemoradiation in locally advanced patients with unresectable disease have been largely disappointing. New and creative therapeutic approaches are needed to address the unment need for treatment options. The objective of this thesis is to advance radiosensitization of treatment-resistant densely desmoplastic pancreatic cancer using nanoparticles to surmount biological barriers to effective particle distribution for DNA-targeting.

Clinical translation of radiosensitizing nanoparticles has stalled owing to technical challenges. Current strategies to use AuNPs for radiosensitization require large quantities of gold, kilovoltage x-rays, immediate irradiation after intravenous administration, …

Log File-Based Dose Reconstruction To Moving Targets During Lung Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy, Andrew S. Mcguffey

LSU Master's Theses

Purpose: To perform film-based verification of 4D dose reconstruction to moving targets during lung stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT).

Introduction: Current patient-specific quality assurance measures to test deliverability of plans with dynamic intensity modulation involve delivering beams to static measurement device and comparing the planned dose to measurement. However, motion-induced dose errors are not detected with static measurement. Previous studies have investigated combining machine log data with respiratory tracking to determine moving-target dose. By combining machine log data with anatomic and density information at each breathing phase from 4D-CT, intrafraction anatomical deformation due to respiration may be accounted for. However, …

Irradiation Of N95 Masks For Their Sterilization And Reuse During The Covid19 Pandemic, Tara Tyson, Phd, Alex Kubli, Ms, Matthew Mistro, Ms, Karen Mooney, Phd, Amy Harrison, Phd, Adam Dicker, Md, Phd

Health Equity and Quality Improvement (HEQI) Summit

Research Objective

We sought to investigate the feasibility of irradiation for N95 mask sterilization.

Avoid, Delay, Shorten. Results Of Radiation Oncology’S Covid19 Patient Exposure Risk Mitigation Guidelines, Alex Kubli, Ms, Lilya Babinski, Bs, Angelia Landers, Phd, Christian Fernandez, Md, Amy Harrison, Phd

Health Equity and Quality Improvement (HEQI) Summit

We implemented evidence-based COVID19 guidelines on 3/16/20 to minimize patient exposure risks by avoiding, delaying, and shortening patient treatments when possible.

We analyzed the effectiveness of our COVID guidelines by comparing the number of new patient starts and number of treatments before and after implementation.

Our department successfully decreased patient exposure risk by reducing new prescription starts, rates of longer treatment courses, and overall number of treatment encounters in an evidence-based approach.

Meeting Radiation Dosimetry Capacity Requirements Of Population-Scale Exposures By Geostatistical Sampling., Peter K Rogan, Eliseos J Mucaki, Ruipeng Lu, Ben C Shirley, Edward Waller, Joan H M Knoll

Biochemistry Publications

BACKGROUND: Accurate radiation dose estimates are critical for determining eligibility for therapies by timely triaging of exposed individuals after large-scale radiation events. However, the universal assessment of a large population subjected to a nuclear spill incident or detonation is not feasible. Even with high-throughput dosimetry analysis, test volumes far exceed the capacities of first responders to measure radiation exposures directly, or to acquire and process samples for follow-on biodosimetry testing.

AIM: To significantly reduce data acquisition and processing requirements for triaging of treatment-eligible exposures in population-scale radiation incidents.

METHODS: Physical radiation plumes modelled nuclear detonation scenarios of simulated exposures at …

Evidence Of Y Chromosome Long Non-Coding Rnas Involved In The Radiation Response Of Male Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cells, Tayvia Brownmiller

Graduate Theses, Dissertations, and Problem Reports (ETD)

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the number one cause of cancer related mortality in the United States and worldwide. Advanced and therapeutically resistant lung tumors contribute to the high rate of mortality from NSCLC, therefore there is a need for new methods of diagnosing and treating this disease. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been shown to be a crucial component of human molecular biology, regulating nearly every cellular pathway from chromatin condensation to transcription and translation. Furthermore, many lncRNAs have been classified as oncogenes or tumor suppressors, highlighting the various molecular mechanisms they are involved in regarding the formation …

Fasting Reduces Intestinal Radiotoxicity Enabling Dose-Escalated Radiotherapy For Pancreatic Cancer, Marimar De La Cruz Bonilla

Dissertations and Theses (Open Access)

Surgical resection is the only potentially curative treatment for pancreatic cancer, but only 15-20% of patients have resectable tumors. In unresectable cases, stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) may be used to give tumor-directed radiotherapy (RT). Unfortunately, this can cause severe gastrointestinal (GI) toxicity due to proximity of the pancreatic head to the duodenum. Protecting the intestine from the toxic side-effects of radiation may enable dose-escalation that could achieve more effective local control of disease. We and others have previously shown that a fast of 24 hours protects mice from lethal doses of the DNA-damaging agent etoposide. In this study, we demonstrate …

Retrospective Evaluation Of Weight Loss In Maine Medical Center Cancer Institute (Mmcci) Patients Receiving Radiation Treatment For Head And Neck Cancer, Julian Johnson, David Debartolo-Stone, Jessica Moore, Ruth Hanselman, Stephen Tyzik, Suneela Nayak, Amy Sparks

Operations Transformation

Treatment for head and neck cancer often results in weight loss as a side effect. One option to mitigate this weight loss is placement of a percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tube placement. Radiation oncologists at a academic tertiary medical center discuss the option of PEG placement during patient consultation.

A retrospective evaluation of weight loss in patients receiving radiation was conducted over a two-year period. The goal of this data collection was to create a standard for oncology consultations regarding PEG tube placement.

Baseline metrics and a root cause analysis drove subsequent data collection steps. After analyzing the raw data, …

Ms211: Texas Natural Resource Conservation Commission (Tnrcc) [Readme Tnrcc], Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

Describes the files in this folder that summarize my disappointment in the TX agencies failure to include radiation/nuclear threats to the environmental assessment they were conducting. See more at Armin Weinberg, PhD Papers and its finding aid.

Detection And Modeling Of Radiation Induced Effects In Tissues By Dielectric Spectroscopy, Dorin A. Todor

Physics Theses & Dissertations

The work presented here is applied physics research in the field of radiation treatment. We address the development of a new and innovative method, in vivo and possibly non-invasive, for tumor and healthy tissues control during and after the radiation treatment. The radiation treatment is delivered in an almost standardized manner for particular classes of tumors. The large variance in the individual radio sensitivity of healthy tissues and tumors often leads to local recurrence of neoplastic growth and/or distant metastatic disease which often remains untreated. The method is based on the measurement and analysis of electrical impedance data in …

Ms211: News Clippings, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

News clippings related to Chernobyl and other radiation events. See more at Armin Weinberg, PhD Papers and its finding aid.

Ms211: News Clipping From 1994 Relevant To Our Interest In Chernobyl, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

News coverage that could inform our work in Chernobyl and USA... eg, "CLINTON WEIGHS NEXT STEP ON RADIATION TESTSRTw 1/1/94 9:42 AM HILTON HEAD, SC, Jan 1 (Reuter) - President Clinton said Saturday he supports Energy Secretary Hazel O'Leary's release of documents disclosing secret Cold War radiation tests on people and said the next step is to decide what to do with the information. " See more at Armin Weinberg, PhD Papers and its finding aid.

Ms211: Letter To Boris Gusev Re Icher, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

This is a communication from me (Armin) to Boris Gusev a leader of the Kazakhstan research on the effects of the nuclear testing program. Boris is Kazakh and had much data kept for themselves as opposed to the data Russia collected and took to Moscow after the breakup of the Soviet Union. This letter was an attempt to bring them into the efforts of those working on Chernobyl. While they didn't really do that it does show the status of the ICHER and who were the key players at the time. See more at Armin Weinberg, PhD Papers and its …

Ms211: News Clipping From 1993 Relevant To Our Interest In Chernobyl, Armin Weinberg

Works on Radiation Effects: 1990-2020

example of one news story ... "Belarus plagued by lingering Chernobyl radiation, UPn 8/29/93 11:00 PM Belarus plagued by lingering Chernobyl radiation, infectious illnesses UPI NewsFeature (800) Adv. Mon. Aug. 30 or thereafter By VALENTINA STAROVA MOSCOW (UPI) -- The government of the former Soviet republic of Belarus recently issued chilling statistics that confirmed the worst fears of its readers about the legacy of the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident. The figures showed that thyroid cancer -- a rare but deadly illness often linked to radiation exposure -- is on the rise in Belarus, with almost as many new cases recorded …