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Articles 61 - 90 of 111
Full-Text Articles in Psychiatry
Subcortical Modulation Of Attentional Control By Second-Generation Antipsychotics In First-Episode Psychosis, T. Ikuta, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, J. M. Kane, M. John, S. Sevy, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko
Subcortical Modulation Of Attentional Control By Second-Generation Antipsychotics In First-Episode Psychosis, T. Ikuta, D. G. Robinson, J. A. Gallego, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, J. M. Kane, M. John, S. Sevy, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko
Journal Articles
Psychotic disorders are characterized by significant deficits in attentional control, but the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these deficits early in the course of illness prior to extensive pharmacotherapy are not well understood. Moreover, little is known regarding the symptom and brain changes associated with amelioration of attentional impairments through antipsychotic pharmacotherapy. In this study 14 male patients experiencing a first-episode of psychosis with minimal prior antipsychotic treatment completed an attentional control task while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging at the onset of treatment with a second generation antipsychotic (rispericlone or aripiprazole) in a double blind randomized clinical trial and then again …
Abnormal Cingulum Bundle Development In Autism: A Probabilistic Tractography Study, T. Ikuta, K. M. Shafritz, J. Bregman, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko
Abnormal Cingulum Bundle Development In Autism: A Probabilistic Tractography Study, T. Ikuta, K. M. Shafritz, J. Bregman, B. D. Peters, P. Gruner, A. K. Malhotra, P. R. Szeszko
Journal Articles
There is now considerable evidence that white matter abnormalities play a role in the neurobiology of autism. Little research has been directed, however, at understanding (a) typical white matter development in autism and how this relates to neurocognitive impairments observed in the disorder. In this study we used probabilistic tractography to identify the cingulum bundle in 21 adolescents and young adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), and 21 age- and sex-matched healthy volunteers. We investigated group differences in the relationships between age and fractional anisotropy, a putative measure of white matter integrity, within the cingulum bundle. Moreover, in a preliminary …
Long-Acting Injectable Vs Oral Antipsychotics For Relapse Prevention In Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Trials, Taishiro Kishimoto, A. Robenzadeh, C. Leucht, S. Leucht, K. Watanabe, M. Mimura, M. Borenstein, John Kane, Christoph Correll
Long-Acting Injectable Vs Oral Antipsychotics For Relapse Prevention In Schizophrenia: A Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Trials, Taishiro Kishimoto, A. Robenzadeh, C. Leucht, S. Leucht, K. Watanabe, M. Mimura, M. Borenstein, John Kane, Christoph Correll
Journal Articles
Background: While long-acting injectable antipsychotics (LAIs) are hoped to reduce high relapse rates in schizophrenia, recent randomized controlled trials (RCTs) challenged the benefits of LAIs over oral antipsychotics (OAPs). Methods: Systematic review/meta-analysis of RCTs that lasted = 6 months comparing LAIs and OAPs. Primary outcome was study-defined relapse at the longest time point; secondary outcomes included relapse at 3, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, all-cause discontinuation, discontinuation due to adverse events, drug inefficacy (ie, relapse + discontinuation due to inefficacy), hospitalization, and nonadherence. Results: Across 21 RCTs (n = 5176), LAIs were similar to OAPs for relapse prevention at …
Psychotic Alzheimer's Disease Is Associated With Gender-Specific Tau Phosphorylation Abnormalities, Jeremy Koppel, C. Acker, P. Davies, O. L. Lopez, H. Jimenez, M. Azose, Blaine Greenwald, P. S. Murray, C. M. Kirkwood, J. Kofler, R. A. Sweet
Psychotic Alzheimer's Disease Is Associated With Gender-Specific Tau Phosphorylation Abnormalities, Jeremy Koppel, C. Acker, P. Davies, O. L. Lopez, H. Jimenez, M. Azose, Blaine Greenwald, P. S. Murray, C. M. Kirkwood, J. Kofler, R. A. Sweet
Journal Articles
Converging evidence suggests that psychotic Alzheimer's disease (AD + P) is associated with an acceleration of frontal degeneration, with tau pathology playing a primary role. Previous histopathologic and biomarker studies have specifically implicated tau pathology in this condition. To precisely quantify tau abnormalities in the frontal cortex in AD + P, we used a sensitive biochemical assay of total tau and 4 epitopes of phospho-tau relevant in AD pathology in a postmortem sample of AD + P and AD - P. Samples of superior frontal gyrus from 26 AD subjects without psychosis and 45 AD + P subjects with psychosis …
Cb2 Receptor Deficiency Increases Amyloid Pathology And Alters Tau Processing In A Transgenic Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Jeremy Koppel, V. Vingtdeux, P. Marambaud, C. D'Abramo, H. Jimenez, M. Stauber, R. Friedman, P. Davies
Cb2 Receptor Deficiency Increases Amyloid Pathology And Alters Tau Processing In A Transgenic Mouse Model Of Alzheimer's Disease, Jeremy Koppel, V. Vingtdeux, P. Marambaud, C. D'Abramo, H. Jimenez, M. Stauber, R. Friedman, P. Davies
Journal Articles
The endocannabinoid CB2 receptor system has been implicated in the neuropathology of Alzheimer's disease (AD). In order to investigate the impact of the CB2 receptor system on AD pathology, a colony of mice with a deleted CB2 receptor gene, CNR2, was established on a transgenic human mutant APP background for pathological comparison with CB2 receptor-sufficient transgenic mice. J20 APP (PDGFB-APPSwInd) mice were bred over two generations with CNR2(-/-) (Cnr2(tm1Dgen)/J) mice to produce a colony of J20 CNR2(+/+) and J20 CNR2(-/-)mice. Seventeen J20 CNR2(+/+) mice (12 females, 5 males) and 16 J20 CNR2(-/-) mice (11 females, 5 males) were killed at …
Positive And Negative Subclinical Symptoms And Mccb Performance In Non-Psychiatric Controls, C. Korponay, G. C. Nitzburg, Anil Malhotra, P. Derosse
Positive And Negative Subclinical Symptoms And Mccb Performance In Non-Psychiatric Controls, C. Korponay, G. C. Nitzburg, Anil Malhotra, P. Derosse
Journal Articles
Considerable data support the phenomenological and temporal continuity between subclinical psychosis and psychotic disorders. In recent years, neurocognitive deficits have increasingly been recognized as a core feature of psychotic illness but there are few data seeking to elucidate the relationship between subclinical psychosis and neurocogntive deficits in non-clinical samples. The goal of the present study was to examine the relationship between subclinical positive and negative symptoms, as measured by the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) and performance on the MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB) in a large (n=303) and demographically diverse non-clinical sample. We found that compared to participants …
The Influence Of Neighborhood Characteristics On Police Officers' Encounters With Persons Suspected To Have A Serious Mental Illness, S. Krishan, R. Bakeman, B. Broussard, S. L. Cristofaro, D. Hankerson-Dyson, L. Husbands, A. C. Watson, Michael Compton
The Influence Of Neighborhood Characteristics On Police Officers' Encounters With Persons Suspected To Have A Serious Mental Illness, S. Krishan, R. Bakeman, B. Broussard, S. L. Cristofaro, D. Hankerson-Dyson, L. Husbands, A. C. Watson, Michael Compton
Journal Articles
Objective: Police officers' decisions and behaviors are impacted by the neighborhood context in which police encounters occur. For example, officers may use greater force and be more likely to make arrests in disadvantaged neighborhoods. We examined whether neighborhood characteristics influence police encounters with individuals suspected to have a serious mental illness, addictive disorder, or developmental disability. Method: We obtained data on 916 encounters from 166 officers in six jurisdictions in Georgia, USA and abstracted geographical data pertaining to the location of these encounters from United States Decennial Census data. Encounters were nested within 163 census tracts. Officer-reported data covered general …
Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Inhibits Inflammasome Activation By Preventing Mitochondrial Dna Release, B. Lu, K. Kwan, Y. A. Levine, P. S. Olofsson, H. Yang, J. H. Li, S. Joshi, H. C. Wang, U. Andersson, S. S. Chavan, K. J. Tracey
Alpha 7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Inhibits Inflammasome Activation By Preventing Mitochondrial Dna Release, B. Lu, K. Kwan, Y. A. Levine, P. S. Olofsson, H. Yang, J. H. Li, S. Joshi, H. C. Wang, U. Andersson, S. S. Chavan, K. J. Tracey
Journal Articles
The mammalian immune system and the nervous system coevolved under the influence of cellular and environmental stress. Cellular stress is associated with changes in immunity and activation of the NACHT, LRR and PYD domains-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome, a key component of innate immunity. Here we show that alpha 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (alpha 7 nAchR)-signaling inhibits inflammasome activation and prevents release of mitochondrial DNA, an NLRP3 ligand. Cholinergic receptor agonists or vagus nerve stimulation significantly inhibits inflammasome activation, whereas genetic deletion of alpha 7 nAchR significantly enhances inflammasome activation. Acetylcholine accumulates in macrophage cytoplasm after adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stimulation …
Genes And Schizophrenia: From A Festschrift Seminar Honoring William T. Carpenter Jr, Md, Anil Malhotra
Genes And Schizophrenia: From A Festschrift Seminar Honoring William T. Carpenter Jr, Md, Anil Malhotra
Journal Articles
Recent data have begun to elucidate the genetic architecture of schizophrenia, as well as provide new insights into the relationships of specific genetic factors across diagnostic boundaries, with specific symptom domains, and in the prediction of antipsychotic treatment response. Not surprisingly, work conducted at the Maryland Psychiatric Research Center (MPRC), led by Dr William Carpenter, has helped to guide the thinking behind much of this work, as well as contributed valuable data toward these efforts. In this article, I will briefly summarize some of the major findings emerging from these lines of research and highlight the role of the Dr …
The Content Of Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, C. Marshall, E. Denny, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, J. Addington, +2 Additional Authors
The Content Of Attenuated Psychotic Symptoms In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, C. Marshall, E. Denny, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, J. Addington, +2 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Recent research has started to focus on identifying individuals who are at clinical high risk of developing psychosis as a means to try and understand the predictors and mechanisms involved in the progress to a full psychotic episode. The aim of the current study was to provide an initial description and prevalence rates of specific content found within attenuated positive symptoms. The Content of Attenuated Positive Symptoms (CAPS) codebook was used by independent raters to determine the presence of content within a sample of written vignettes. Krippendorff's alpha was used to determine inter-rater reliability. Overall, the majority of items fell …
Bdnf Val66met Polymorphism And Antipsychotic-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia Occurrence And Severity: A Meta-Analysis, I. Miura, Jianping Zhang, M. Nitta, T. Lencz, John Kane, Anil Malhotra, H. Yabe, Christoph Correll
Bdnf Val66met Polymorphism And Antipsychotic-Induced Tardive Dyskinesia Occurrence And Severity: A Meta-Analysis, I. Miura, Jianping Zhang, M. Nitta, T. Lencz, John Kane, Anil Malhotra, H. Yabe, Christoph Correll
Journal Articles
Background: Tardive dyskinesia (TD) is a serious long-term consequence of antipsychotic treatment. Since brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) has potent neurotrophic activity, genetic alterations in the BDNF gene may affect antipsychotic-induced TD. Methods: Searching PubMed and Web of Science until 05/31/13, we conducted a systematic review and a meta-analysis of the effects of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on antipsychotic-induced TD. Pooled odds ratio was calculated to assess the effects of BDNF Val66Met polymorphism on TD occurrence. Additionally, pooled standardized mean differences (Hedges'g) were calculated to assess the effects on Abnormal Involuntary Movement Scale (AIMS) total score. Results: Out of 699 potentially eligible …
Excess Of Homozygosity In The Major Histocompatibility Complex In Schizophrenia, S. Mukherjee, S. Guha, M. Ikeda, N. Iwata, Anil Malhotra, I. Pe'er, A. Darvasi, T. Lencz
Excess Of Homozygosity In The Major Histocompatibility Complex In Schizophrenia, S. Mukherjee, S. Guha, M. Ikeda, N. Iwata, Anil Malhotra, I. Pe'er, A. Darvasi, T. Lencz
Journal Articles
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in schizophrenia have focused on additive allelic effects to identify disease risk loci. In order to examine potential recessive effects, we applied a novel approach to identify regions of excess homozygosity in an ethnically homogenous cohort: 904 schizophrenia cases and 1640 controls drawn from the Ashkenazi Jewish (AJ) population. Genome-wide examination of runs of homozygosity identified an excess in cases localized to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC). To refine this signal, we used the recently developed GERMLINE algorithm to identify chromosomal segments shared identical-by-descent (IBD) and compared homozygosity at such segments in cases and controls. We …
Matrics Cognitive Consensus Battery (Mccb) Performance In Children, Adolescents, And Young Adults, G. C. Nitzburg, P. Derosse, K. E. Burdick, B. D. Peters, C. B. Gopin, Anil Malhotra
Matrics Cognitive Consensus Battery (Mccb) Performance In Children, Adolescents, And Young Adults, G. C. Nitzburg, P. Derosse, K. E. Burdick, B. D. Peters, C. B. Gopin, Anil Malhotra
Journal Articles
Background: Neurodevelopmental models of schizophrenia suggest that cognitive deficits may be observed during childhood and adolescence, long before the onset of psychotic symptoms. Elucidating the trajectory of normal cognitive development during childhood and adolescence may therefore provide a basis for identifying specific abnormalities related to the development of schizophrenia. The MATRICS Consensus Cognitive Battery (MCCB), which was designed for use in clinical trials targeting cognitive deficits most common in schizophrenia, may provide a mechanism to understand this trajectory. To date, however, there is no performance data for the MCCB in healthy children and adolescents. The present study sought to establish …
Age-Related Differences In White Matter Tract Microstructure Are Associated With Cognitive Performance From Childhood To Adulthood, B. D. Peters, T. Ikuta, P. Derosse, M. John, K. E. Burdick, P. Gruner, D. M. Prendergast, Philip Szeszko, Anil Malhotra
Age-Related Differences In White Matter Tract Microstructure Are Associated With Cognitive Performance From Childhood To Adulthood, B. D. Peters, T. Ikuta, P. Derosse, M. John, K. E. Burdick, P. Gruner, D. M. Prendergast, Philip Szeszko, Anil Malhotra
Journal Articles
Background: Age-related differences in white matter tract microstructure have been well established across the life span. In the present cross-sectional study, we examined whether these differences are associated with neurocognitive performance from childhood to late adulthood. Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging was performed in 296 healthy subjects aged 8 to 68 years (mean = 29.6, SD = 14.6). The corpus callosum, two projection tracts, and five association tracts were traced using probabilistic tractography. A neurocognitive test battery was used to assess speed of processing, attention, spatial working memory, verbal functioning, visual learning, and executive functioning. Linear mediation models were used to …
Brain White Matter Development Is Associated With A Human-Specific Haplotype Increasing The Synthesis Of Long Chain Fatty Acids, B. D. Peters, A. N. Voineskos, P. R. Szeszko, T. A. Lett, P. Derosse, S. Guha, K. H. Karlsgodt, M. John, T. Lencz, A. K. Malhotra, +4 Additional Authors
Brain White Matter Development Is Associated With A Human-Specific Haplotype Increasing The Synthesis Of Long Chain Fatty Acids, B. D. Peters, A. N. Voineskos, P. R. Szeszko, T. A. Lett, P. Derosse, S. Guha, K. H. Karlsgodt, M. John, T. Lencz, A. K. Malhotra, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
The genetic and molecular pathways driving human brain white matter (WM) development are only beginning to be discovered. Long chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) have been implicated in myelination in animal models and humans. The biosynthesis of LC-PUFAs is regulated by the fatty acid desaturase (FADS) genes, of which a human-specific haplotype is strongly associated with omega-3 and omega-6 LC-PUFA concentrations in blood. To investigate the relationship between LC-PUFA synthesis and human brain WM development, we examined whether this FADS haplotype is associated with age-related WM differences across the life span in healthy individuals 9-86 years of age (n = …
Delineation Of Hippocampal Subregions Using T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Images At 3 Tesla, K. Rhindress, T. Ikuta, R. Wellington, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko
Delineation Of Hippocampal Subregions Using T1-Weighted Magnetic Resonance Images At 3 Tesla, K. Rhindress, T. Ikuta, R. Wellington, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko
Journal Articles
Although several novel approaches for hippocampal subregion delineation have been developed, they need to be applied prospectively and may be limited by long scan times, the use of high field (>3T) imaging systems, and limited reliability metrics. Moreover, the majority of MR imaging data collected to date has employed a T1-weighted acquisition, creating a critical need for an approach that provides reliable hippocampal subregion segmentation using such a contrast. We present a highly reliable approach for the identification of six subregions comprising the hippocampal formation from MR images including the subiculum, dentate gyrus/cornu Ammonis 4 (DG/CA4), entorhinal cortex, fimbria, …
White Matter Changes Associated With Antipsychotic Treatment In First-Episode Psychosis, P. Szeszko, D. G. Robinson, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, J. Gallego, J. Kane, A. K. Malhotra
White Matter Changes Associated With Antipsychotic Treatment In First-Episode Psychosis, P. Szeszko, D. G. Robinson, T. Ikuta, B. D. Peters, J. Gallego, J. Kane, A. K. Malhotra
Journal Articles
Second-generation antipsychotics are utilized extensively in the treatment of psychotic disorders and other psychiatric conditions, but the effects of these medications on human brain white matter are not well understood. We thus investigated the effects of second-generation antipsychotics on white matter integrity using tract-based spatial statistics in patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis with little or no prior antipsychotic exposure, and how potential changes were associated with metabolic side effects. Thirty-five (26 men/9 women) patients experiencing a first episode of psychosis received diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) exams, clinical assessments, and provided fasting blood samples at the onset of antipsychotic …
Prevalence And Correlates Of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy In Children And Adolescents Receiving Antipsychotic Treatment*, N. Toteja, J. Gallego, E. Saito, T. Gerhard, A. Winterstein, M. Olfson, C. U. Correll
Prevalence And Correlates Of Antipsychotic Polypharmacy In Children And Adolescents Receiving Antipsychotic Treatment*, N. Toteja, J. Gallego, E. Saito, T. Gerhard, A. Winterstein, M. Olfson, C. U. Correll
Journal Articles
Antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP), which is common in adults with psychotic disorders, is of unproven efficacy and raises safety concerns. Although youth are increasingly prescribed antipsychotics, little is known about APP in this population. We performed a systematic PubMed search (last update 26 January 2013) of studies reporting the prevalence of APP in antipsychotic-treated youth. Summary statistics and statistical tests were calculated at the study level and not weighted by sample size. Fifteen studies (n=58041, range 68-23183) reported on APP in youth [mean age=13.4 +/- 1.7 yr, 67.1 +/- 10.2% male, 77.9 +/- 27.4% treated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs)]. Data collected …
Age-Associated Alterations In Corpus Callosum White Matter Integrity In Bipolar Disorder Assessed Using Probabilistic Tractography, N. Toteja, P. Guvenek-Cokol, T. Ikuta, V. Kafantaris, B. D. Peters, K. E. Burdick, M. John, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko
Age-Associated Alterations In Corpus Callosum White Matter Integrity In Bipolar Disorder Assessed Using Probabilistic Tractography, N. Toteja, P. Guvenek-Cokol, T. Ikuta, V. Kafantaris, B. D. Peters, K. E. Burdick, M. John, A. K. Malhotra, P. Szeszko
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVES: Atypical age-associated changes in white matter integrity may play a role in the neurobiology of bipolar disorder, but no studies have examined the major white matter tracts using nonlinear statistical modeling across a wide age range in this disorder. The goal of this study was to identify possible deviations in the typical pattern of age-associated changes in white matter integrity in patients with bipolar disorder across the age range of 9-62 years. METHODS: Diffusion tensor imaging was performed in 57 (20 male and 37 female) patients with a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and 57 (20 male and 37 female) …
Genome-Wide Mapping Of Ibd Segments In An Ashkenazi Pd Cohort Identifies Associated Haplotypes, V. Vacic, L. J. Ozelius, L. N. Clark, A. Bar-Shira, M. Gana-Weisz, T. Gurevich, A. Gusev, S. Guha, T. Lencz, A. Orr-Urtreger, +10 Additional Authors
Genome-Wide Mapping Of Ibd Segments In An Ashkenazi Pd Cohort Identifies Associated Haplotypes, V. Vacic, L. J. Ozelius, L. N. Clark, A. Bar-Shira, M. Gana-Weisz, T. Gurevich, A. Gusev, S. Guha, T. Lencz, A. Orr-Urtreger, +10 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
The recent series of large genome-wide association studies in European and Japanese cohorts established that Parkinson disease (PD) has a substantial genetic component. To further investigate the genetic landscape of PD, we performed a genome-wide scan in the largest to date Ashkenazi Jewish cohort of 1130 Parkinson patients and 2611 pooled controls. Motivated by the reduced disease allele heterogeneity and a high degree of identical-by-descent (IBD) haplotype sharing in this founder population, we conducted a haplotype association study based on mapping of shared IBD segments. We observed significant haplotype association signals at three previously implicated Parkinson loci: LRRK2 (OR = …
Hospitalization Rates In Patients Switched From Oral Anti-Psychotics To Aripiprazole Once-Monthly: Final Efficacy Analysis, John Kane, C. Zhao, B. R. Johnson, R. A. Baker, A. Eramo, R. D. Mcquade, A. R. Duca, R. Sanchez, T. Peters-Strickland
Hospitalization Rates In Patients Switched From Oral Anti-Psychotics To Aripiprazole Once-Monthly: Final Efficacy Analysis, John Kane, C. Zhao, B. R. Johnson, R. A. Baker, A. Eramo, R. D. Mcquade, A. R. Duca, R. Sanchez, T. Peters-Strickland
Journal Articles
Abstract Objective: To compare hospitalization rates in patients with schizophrenia treated prospectively with aripiprazole once-monthly 400 mg (AOM 400; an extended-release injectable suspension) vs the same patients' retrospective rates with their prior oral anti-psychotic therapy. Research design and methods: Multi-center, open-label, mirror-image, naturalistic study in a community setting in North America. Patients who required a change in treatment and/or would benefit from long-acting injectable anti-psychotic therapy were treated prospectively for 6 months with AOM 400. Retrospective data on hospitalization rates were obtained. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01432444. Main outcome measures: The proportion of patients with >/=1 psychiatric inpatient hospitalization with …
Optimal Treatment Of Alzheimer's Disease Psychosis: Challenges And Solutions, Jeremy Koppel, Blaine Greenwald
Optimal Treatment Of Alzheimer's Disease Psychosis: Challenges And Solutions, Jeremy Koppel, Blaine Greenwald
Journal Articles
Psychotic symptoms emerging in the context of neurodegeneration as a consequence of Alzheimer's disease was recognized and documented by Alois Alzheimer himself in his description of the first reported case of the disease. Over a quarter of a century ago, in the context of attempting to develop prognostic markers of disease progression, psychosis was identified as an independent predictor of a more-rapid cognitive decline. This finding has been subsequently well replicated, rendering psychotic symptoms an important area of exploration in clinical history taking - above and beyond treatment necessity - as their presence has prognostic significance. Further, there is now …
The Relationship Of Neurocognition And Negative Symptoms To Social And Role Functioning Over Time In Individuals At Clinical High Risk In The First Phase Of The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study, E. C. Meyer, Ricardo Carrion, Barbara Cornblatt, J. Addington, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, M. T. Tsuang, L. J. Seidman, +3 Additional Authors
The Relationship Of Neurocognition And Negative Symptoms To Social And Role Functioning Over Time In Individuals At Clinical High Risk In The First Phase Of The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study, E. C. Meyer, Ricardo Carrion, Barbara Cornblatt, J. Addington, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, M. T. Tsuang, L. J. Seidman, +3 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
OBJECTIVES: Impaired social, role, and neurocognitive functioning are preillness characteristics of people who later develop psychosis. In people with schizophrenia, neurocognition and negative symptoms are associated with functional impairment. We examined the relative contributions of neurocognition and symptoms to social and role functioning over time in clinically high-risk (CHR) individuals and determined if negative symptoms mediated the influence of cognition on functioning. METHODS: Social, role, and neurocognitive functioning and positive, negative, and disorganized symptoms were assessed in 167 individuals at CHR for psychosis in the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study Phase 1 (NAPLS-1), of whom 96 were reassessed at 12 …
Comparative Effectiveness Of Risperidone Long-Acting Injectable Vs First-Generation Antipsychotic Long-Acting Injectables In Schizophrenia: Results From A Nationwide, Retrospective Inception Cohort Study, J. Nielsen, S. O. Jensen, R. B. Friis, J. B. Valentin, Christoph Correll
Comparative Effectiveness Of Risperidone Long-Acting Injectable Vs First-Generation Antipsychotic Long-Acting Injectables In Schizophrenia: Results From A Nationwide, Retrospective Inception Cohort Study, J. Nielsen, S. O. Jensen, R. B. Friis, J. B. Valentin, Christoph Correll
Journal Articles
Objective: To compare in a generalizable sample/setting objective outcomes in patients receiving first-generation antipsychotic long-acting injectables (FGA-LAIs) or risperidone-LAI (RIS-LAI). Methods: Nationwide, retrospective inception cohort study of adults with International Classification of Diseases-10 schizophrenia using Danish registers from 1995 to 2009 comparing outcomes between clinician's/patient's choice treatment with FGA-LAIs or RIS-LAI. Primary outcome was time to psychiatric hospitalization using Cox-regression adjusting for relevant covariates. Secondary outcomes included time to all-cause discontinuation and psychiatric hospitalization in patients without LAI possession gap >28 days, and number of bed-days after psychiatric hospitalization. Results: Among 4532 patients followed for 2700 patient-years, 2078 received RIS-LAI …
Antipsychotic Treatment For Children And Adolescents With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Protocol For A Network Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Trials, A. K. Pagsberg, S. Tarp, D. Glintborg, A. D. Stenstrom, A. Fink-Jensen, Christoph Correll, R. Christensen
Antipsychotic Treatment For Children And Adolescents With Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders: Protocol For A Network Meta-Analysis Of Randomised Trials, A. K. Pagsberg, S. Tarp, D. Glintborg, A. D. Stenstrom, A. Fink-Jensen, Christoph Correll, R. Christensen
Journal Articles
Introduction: Antipsychotic treatment in early-onset schizophrenia (EOS) lacks a rich evidence base, and efforts to rank different drugs concerning their efficacy have not proven any particular drug superior. In contrast to the literature regarding adult-onset schizophrenia (AOS), comparative effectiveness studies in children and adolescents are limited in number and size, and only a few meta-analyses based on conventional methodologies have been conducted. Methods and analyses: We will conduct a network meta-analysis of all randomised controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluate antipsychotic therapies for EOS to determine which compounds are efficacious, and to determine the relative efficacy and safety of these treatments …
Towards A Psychosis Risk Blood Diagnostic For Persons Experiencing High-Risk Symptoms: Preliminary Results From The Napls Project, D. O. Perkins, C. D. Jeffries, J. Addington, C. E. Bearden, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, D. H. Mathalon, S. W. Woods, R. Heinssen, +4 Additional Authors
Towards A Psychosis Risk Blood Diagnostic For Persons Experiencing High-Risk Symptoms: Preliminary Results From The Napls Project, D. O. Perkins, C. D. Jeffries, J. Addington, C. E. Bearden, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, Barbara Cornblatt, D. H. Mathalon, S. W. Woods, R. Heinssen, +4 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
INTRODUCTION: A barrier to preventative treatments for psychosis is the absence of accurate identification of persons at highest risk. A blood test that could substantially increase diagnostic accuracy would enhance development of psychosis prevention interventions. METHODS: The North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study project is a multisite endeavor that aims to better understand predictors and mechanisms for the development of psychosis. In this study, we measured expression of plasma analytes reflecting inflammation, oxidative stress, hormones, and metabolism. A "greedy algorithm" selected analytes that best distinguished persons with clinical high-risk symptoms who developed psychosis (CHR-P; n = 32) from unaffected comparison (UC) …
Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists' Attitudes And Practices Prescribing Second Generation Antipsychotics, A. M. Rodday, S. K. Parsons, C. U. Correll, A. S. Robb, B. T. Zima, T. S. Saunders, L. K. Leslie
Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists' Attitudes And Practices Prescribing Second Generation Antipsychotics, A. M. Rodday, S. K. Parsons, C. U. Correll, A. S. Robb, B. T. Zima, T. S. Saunders, L. K. Leslie
Journal Articles
Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine psychiatrists' attitudes and practices in prescribing second-generation antipsychotics (SGA) to children and adolescents (referred to here as "children") and identify factors associated with off-label SGA use. Methods: A survey was mailed to a national, randomly selected sample of 1600 child and adolescent psychiatrists identified by the American Medical Association. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify factors, including psychiatrists' characteristics, practice characteristics, and psychiatrists' attitudes, that are associated with off-label SGA use (i.e., SGAs used in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder, conduct disorder, or nonbipolar mood disorders). Results: …
Perceived Discrimination In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, M. M. Saleem, J. Stowkowy, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. Cornblatt, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, S. W. Woods, +2 Additional Authors
Perceived Discrimination In Those At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, M. M. Saleem, J. Stowkowy, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. Cornblatt, T. H. Mcglashan, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, M. T. Tsuang, S. W. Woods, +2 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Aim: There is evidence to suggest that perceived discrimination may be associated with psychosis. Less is known about its potential impact on those at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of perceived discrimination in a CHR sample and its possible relationship to attenuated positive symptoms and negative self-beliefs. Methods: Participants were 360 CHR individuals and 180 healthy controls. Assessments included a self-report measure of perceived discrimination, the Scale of Prodromal Symptoms and the Brief Core Schema Scale. Results: CHR participants reported significantly more perceived discrimination. Perceived discrimination was significantly associated …
Antidepressants For Cognitive Impairment In Schizophrenia - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, J. A. Vernon, E. Grudnikoff, A. J. Seidman, T. W. Frazier, M. S. Vemulapalli, P. Pareek, T. Goldberg, J. Kane, C. U. Correll
Antidepressants For Cognitive Impairment In Schizophrenia - A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, J. A. Vernon, E. Grudnikoff, A. J. Seidman, T. W. Frazier, M. S. Vemulapalli, P. Pareek, T. Goldberg, J. Kane, C. U. Correll
Journal Articles
Background: Cognitive impairment in schizophrenia is disabling, but current treatment options remain limited. Objective: To meta-analyze the efficacy and safety of adjunctive antidepressants for cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Data sources and study selection: PubMed, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Library databases were searched until 12/2013 for randomized controlled trials comparing antidepressant augmentation of antipsychotics with placebo regarding effects on cognitive functioning in schizophrenia. Data extraction: Two authors independently extracted data. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated for continuous outcomes and risk ratios for categorical outcomes. SMDs of individual cognitive tests were pooled on a study level within domains (primary outcome) and …
Current Status Specifiers For Patients At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, S. W. Woods, B. C. Walsh, J. Addington, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, R. Heinssen, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, T. H. Mcglashan, + 3 Additional Authors
Current Status Specifiers For Patients At Clinical High Risk For Psychosis, S. W. Woods, B. C. Walsh, J. Addington, K. S. Cadenhead, T. D. Cannon, B. A. Cornblatt, R. Heinssen, D. O. Perkins, L. J. Seidman, T. H. Mcglashan, + 3 Additional Authors
Journal Articles
Background: Longitudinal studies of the clinical high risk (CHR) syndrome for psychosis have emphasized the conversion vs non-conversion distinction and thus far have not focused intensively on classification among non-converters. The present study proposes a system for classifying CHR outcomes over time when using the Structured Interview for Psychosis-risk Syndromes and evaluates its validity. Method: The system for classifying CHR outcomes is referred to as "current status specifiers," with "current" meaning over the month prior to the present evaluation and "specifiers" indicating a set of labels and descriptions of the statuses. Specifiers for four current statuses are described: progression, persistence, …