Psychiatry Commons^™

The Effects Of Psychological Intervention On Pregnant Women With Elevated Cortisol Levels And Adverse Birth Events, Megan Mellon

Capstone Showcase

Elevated levels of stress, anxiety, and depression during pregnancy are thought to influence cortisol levels. Dysregulations in cortisol, as a byproduct of the hypothalamic-pituitary axis, have been associated with preterm birth and adverse birth outcomes. Studies have demonstrated poorer long-term effects of antenatal stress on child neurodevelopment, temperament, and cognition. Psychological interventions of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), mindfulness, and gratitude have shown to have a positive effect on psychological wellbeing across various populations. The purpose of this literature review was to analyze a collection of randomized-controlled trials to conclude if psychological interventions during pregnancy for women with elevated levels of …

Association Of Depression And Resilience With Fertility Quality Of Life Among Patients Presenting To The Infertility Centre For Treatment In Karachi, Pakistan, Shireen Shehzad Bhamani, Nida Zahid, Wajeeha Zahid, Salima Farooq, Saima Sachwani, Marilyn Chapman, Nargis Asad

School of Nursing & Midwifery

Background: In Pakistan there is a dire need to explore the quality of life in infertile males and females and its undesirable psychological outcomes. This, study aimed to compare the quality of life (QoL) of males and females visiting an infertility centre for treatment and to assess its association with resilience, depression, and other socio-demographic factors.
Methods: An Analytical Cross-Sectional study was conducted amongst infertile males and females at the Australian Concept Infertility Medical Centre (ACIMC), Karachi, Pakistan. The non-probability (purposive) sampling strategy was used to recruit the participants. The sample size was 668. Data was analysed using STATA version …

The Quality Of Sexual Life After Vaginal Surgical Interventions, Maria Pană, Romina-Marina Sima, Oana-Denisa Bălălău, Anca-Daniela Stănescu, Liana Pleş, Mircea-Octavian Poenaru

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Introduction. The malfunction of the supporting pelvic system generates signs and symptoms that require various procedures. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether vaginal surgical interventions for genital prolapse or urinary incontinence have an impact on patients’ sexual quality of life. Materials and methods. We studied 40 eligible women who underwent vaginal surgical procedures in Saint John Hospital, Bucharest. Patients completed a questionnaire 6 months after the intervention. Results. Patients who underwent vaginal surgery for prolapse were 50-64 years of age. The most frequent vaginal surgical intervention was vaginal hysterectomy (32.5%), followed by anterior and …

Obstetrical Providers’ Comfort And Knowledge Of Screening, Brief Intervention, And Referral To Treatment, Dennis J. Hand, Aasta Mehta, Emily Rosenthal, Alice C. Fischer, Tamara Tatevosian, Carrie Malanga, Laura Hart, Debra Dalessandro, Kristin Walker

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Posters

Background

Rates of substance use during pregnancy have continued to rise through 2017. It is likely that obstetrical providers are encountering many pregnant persons who use substances either during prenatal care or postpartum. Screening, Brief Intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT) is an evidence-based model that has been successfully implemented in some obstetrical settings, but its implementation has been sporadic. The objective of this study was to determine the baseline level of familiarity and use of SBIRT elements among obstetrical providers to identify needs for future SBIRT implementation efforts.

Methods

Participants were physicians, medical students, nurses, and other staff attending …

Postpartum Depression And Thyroid Dysfunction– Should Pregnant Women Be Screened For Thyroid Disorders?, Anca A. Simionescu, Erika Marin

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The relationship between thyroid dysfunction and postpartum depression has been investigated for quite some time now, but no consensus has been reached regarding the need for screening for thyroid function during pregnancy. This paper aims to investigate whether thyroid hormone screening in pregnancy might contribute to the diagnosis of postpartum depression.

Depression was assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) - one of the most widely used measures in detecting postpartum depression and anxiety. Thyroid function was measured using the commonly recommended thyroid laboratory tests.

A structured questionnaire was given to 61 patients closely monitored during their pregnancy and …

Recurrent Vulvar Carcinoma: Complex Surgical Treatment Via Perineal Excision And Reconstruction With Musculocutaneous Flap, Dragoș Popa, Cosmin V. Obleagă, Ștefan Paitici, Stelian Ș. Mogoanta, Ionică D. Vîlcea, Pouya Pourgolafshan, Cristian Gheorghe, Manuela I. Vasile, Raluca Câmpeanu, Cecil S. Mirea

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Vulvar cancer is a malignant disease having a low frequency and with well-established surgical and oncological treatments based on the stage of the disease. The most important therapeutic problem encountered is represented by cases of perineal local regional recurrence, which are common in patients with large primary tumors and can occur even if the margins of the resection had no tumoral invasion.

We present a case study of a 64-year-old patient diagnosed one year ago with squamous vulvar carcinoma (G3) for which a vulvectomy was performed after neoadjuvant radiotherapy. The patient later developed local recurrence with invasion of the anal …

Premenstrual Syndrome: Existence, Knowledge, And Attitude Among Female University Students In Karachi, Aleena Mohib, Amara Zafar, Areeba Najam, Hafsa Tanveer, Rehana Rehman

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the existence, knowledge, and the attitude of female students towards premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three universities in Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 448 female students participated in the study. The clinical criterion of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) for PMS was used to assess the prevalence of PMS in the participants. The questionnaire was set in four parts, one each to assess the knowledge, the attitude, and practices regarding PMS and one to assess the gap between self-perceived PMS and actual PMS. Data …

Healthcare Access In Women’S Prisons: An Intersectional Perspective, Megan R. Bray

Undergraduate Research Posters

This project will be identifying the key factors that contribute to the significant lack of health care in prisons in the U.S., specifically in women’s correctional facilities. I will be lending my focus to disparities in mental health, HIV/AIDs care, reproductive health, trans health, and physical health issues among women who are either currently incarcerated or those who have completed their sentences and are at higher risk for re-entry after attempting re-integration. There is a lack of care, access, and proper treatment for women inmates in U.S. prisons and reform is needed. I foresee the best possible way to accomplish …

Prenatal Development: Annotated Bibliography, Victoria J. Molfese, Amanda Prokasky, Kathleen Moritz Rudasill, Ibrahim H. Acar, Xiaoqing Tu, Kate Sirota, Brian Keiser

Department of Child, Youth, and Family Studies: Faculty Publications

For decades, researchers have investigated how events in the prenatal period impact women and their infants. These studies, particularly by researchers in the medical, neuroscience, and behavioral science fields, led to discoveries of important information regarding the prenatal events that were strongly associated with mortality (or death) and morbidity (or incidences of injury, pathology and abnormalities/anomalies, and neurobehavioral sequelae) in the neonatal and infancy periods. Among the many common findings from early research studies, two are particularly noteworthy. First, maternal and fetal risk conditions arising in the prenatal period do not do so in isolation. Sameroff and Chandler characterized this …

The Challenge Of Early Inpatient Postpartum Depression Screening, Elizabeth A. Berger Do, John C. Smulian Md, Mph, Joanne Quiñones Md, Msce, Rory L. Marraccini Md, Amy Wu Bs, Elizabeth A. Smulian Bs, Sandra L. Curet Md

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology

No abstract provided.

The Ticking Of The “Biological Clock”: Worry About Future Fertility In Nulliparous Women, Karen E. Kersting

Theses and Dissertations

Abstract

Title: The Ticking of the “Biological Clock”: Worry about Future Fertility in Nulliparous Women

By: Karen Kersting, M.A., M.S.

A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Virginia Commonwealth University.

Virginia Commonwealth University, 2013.

Major Director: Kathleen M. Ingram, J.D., Ph.D.

Associate Professor of Psychology

Department of Psychology

Modern women are waiting until later in their lives to have children than women of previous generations, a trend influenced by a number of factors including financial stability, dating norms, and career goals and responsibilities. As women age, their fertility may decline …