Pathology Commons^™

Excision And Regional Flap Reconstruction With Radiation Therapy Of Granuloma Annulare Of The Digit: A Case Report, Austin Y Jiang, Linda K Green, David Netscher

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Granuloma annulare (GA) is a benign, often self-limited granulomatous skin condition that typically resolves spontaneously. Treatment is often not required, but topical and injectional corticosteroids are the most common interventions. Excision is effective for diagnosis and temporary treatment, but usually not considered curative. This case report describes the unconventional treatment of a recurrent biopsy-proven GA of the index finger. Due to the combination of the recalcitrant nodules interfering with function and patient preference, the nodules were excised multiple times. Ultimately requiring reconstruction with a pedicled radial forearm flap, the patient thereafter received radiation therapy to prevent recurrence, the combination of …

Brown Umbilical Nodule: A Case Of Primary Cutaneous Endometriosis, Richard G. Bindernagel Jr., Aleia Boccardi, Taylor C. Jindia, Parth Patel, Jaimie Bryan, Addie Walker, Summer Moon, Richard Miller

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Endometriosis is a common condition in which endometrial glands and stroma are implanted outside the uterine cavity. Rarely, the skin can be involved.

Case Presentation

We describe a case of a 41-year-old woman who presented to the dermatology clinic complaining of a brown umbilical nodule with slight erythema. It was occasionally painful and hemorrhagic. She denied a history of endometriosis and abdominal surgeries. A shave biopsy of the nodule was consistent with a diagnosis of cutaneous endometriosis. The patient was referred to her gynecologist for further evaluation and treatment.

Conclusion

This unique case demonstrates primary cutaneous endometriosis in the …

Dynamics And Malleability Of Plant Dna Methylation During Abiotic Stresses, Niraj Lodhi, Rakesh Srivastava

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Epigenetic regulation, particularly DNA methylation, plays a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental stresses by modulating gene expression without altering the underlying DNA sequence. In response to major abiotic stresses such as salinity, drought, heat, cold, and heavy metal toxicity, plants undergo dynamic changes in DNA methylation patterns. These modifications are orchestrated by DNA methyltransferases and demethylases with variations depending on plant species, genetic background, and ontogenic phase. DNA methylation affects the expression of key genes involved in cellular, physiological, and metabolic processes essential for stress tolerance. Furthermore, it contributes to the establishment of stress memory, which can be …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Iron Metabolism And Overload, Aditi Tayal, Jasmeen Kaur, Robert W. Maitta

Faculty Scholarship

Iron represents an essential element required for normal physiologic processes throughout organ systems. A vast network of transporters is involved not only in uptake of this element but in processing, oxidation, and recycling to maintain it in a tight balance to avoid excess storage. This complex network of transporters, including heme and ferroportin, among many others, are responsible for facilitating inter-organ tissue iron exchange and availability, contributing to overall heme homeostasis. However, exposure to high levels of iron can overwhelm compensatory mechanisms that result in its accumulation and toxicity. This is the case of patients with genetic diseases such as …

Astrocytes Expressing Mutant Hnrnpa1 Induce Non-Cell-Autonomous Motor Neuron Death, Qinxue Wu, Xionghao Liu, Tingting Zhang, Shiquan Cui, Bo Huang, Cao Huang, Qilin Cao, Xu-Gang Xia, Hongxia Zhou

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Pathogenic mutation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein A1 (hnRNPA1) is causative to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Neuron death resulting from pathogenic hnRNPA1 may not require its presence across all pertinent cells types, including neurons, glia, and muscles. Rather, the exclusive presence of pathogenic hnRNPA1 in a specific cell type, such as astrocytes, may suffice to substantially alter cellular functions. Consequently, this alteration initiates abnormal interaction within intricate neuron-glia networks, culminating in non-cell-autonomous motor neuron death. To investigate the pivotal role of non-cell-autonomous neuron death in hnRNPA1-associated ALS, we developed transgenic rats overexpressing mutant hnRNPA1 in specifically astrocytes. The confined overexpression of …

Review Of Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Programs In United States Schools, Cassandra Duran, Aditi Gupta, Lynda Aririguzo, Norma Castillo, Sanghamitra M Misra

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: School vaccination programs (school-based and school-located) that include the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine have been implemented throughout the United States since 2009.

Methods: We conducted a review of school HPV vaccination programs in PUBMED, Google Scholar, Web of Science, Ovid, Medline, and Embase and included peer-reviewed studies originating in the United States that focused on any aspect of HPV school vaccination programs.

Results: Our review yielded 47 articles that fell into several categories: (1) parent and child perceptions, (2) school nurse perceptions, (3) development, (4) implementation, (5) outcomes, and (6) barriers and facilitators of HPV vaccination programs in schools. …

Extended Survival With Pancreatic Carcinosarcoma: A Case Report And Literature Review, Tian Xiao, Claire Browne, Morgan Black, Celia Marginean, Elena Tsvetkova

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Pancreatic carcinosarcoma is a rare and aggressive malignancy that can mimic pancreatic adenocarcinomas in presentation but often has different disease biology and different responses to conventional treatment for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Case reports have documented a 5-year overall survival of approximately 13% only if the disease is caught at an earlier stage and is amenable to multi-modality treatment, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation. In the advanced stage, treatments do not often provide benefit, and patients may decline rapidly. There are currently no studies demonstrating survival benefits with chemotherapy in patients with metastatic carcinosarcoma, owing to both the rarity and the often …

Gastric Sarcina Ventriculi: A Report On Two Cases, Yaomin Chen, Yu Liu, Zhiyan Fu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

: Sarcina ventriculi is a rare Gram-positive coccus that thrives in acidic environments such as the human stomach. It has been increasingly identified in individuals with delayed gastric emptying and has been reported in association with various gastric disorders. However, its exact pathogenic role is not fully understood and remains controversial. : We present two cases of patients, one with a small bowel obstruction and the other with epigastric pain, both diagnosed with Sarcina ventriculi infection by histological examination of gastric biopsies. The patients were managed with a combination of antibiotics and a proton pump inhibitor, resulting in symptom resolution …

Multivariate Optical Imaging Of The Oxygen-Metabolism Axis, Jesse D. Ivers

Graduate Theses and Dissertations

Metabolic reprogramming is a characteristic hallmark of multiple pathologies and promotes disease progression, survival, and severity. Current methods to investigate metabolic reprogramming, however, require reductions of dimensionality both because of instrumentation limitations and analysis tools. This work aims to define a blueprint for high dimensional study of the oxygen metabolism axis to enable more sensitive study metabolic reprogramming. We hypothesized (1) multivariate imaging of metabolic and oxygenation metrics in ex vivo tissue sections would elucidate differences in resistant and sensitive head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) xenografts that traditional uni-variate methods miss and (2) an engineered hyperspectral darkfield microscopy …

Bridging The Capacity Building Gap For Antimicrobial Stewardship Implementation: Evidence From Virtual Communities Of Practice In Kenya, Ghana, And Malawi, Ana De Lima, Kwame Buabeng, Mavis Sakyi, Hope Chadwala, Nicole Devereaux, Collins Mitambo, Christine Mugo-Sitati, Jennifer Njuhigu, Gunturu Revathi, Emmanuel Tanui

Pathology, East Africa

Background/Objectives: Strengthening antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) programs is an invaluable intervention in the ongoing efforts to contain the threat of antimicrobial resistance (AMR), particularly in low-resource settings. This study evaluates the impact of the Telementoring, Education, and Advocacy Collaboration initiative for Health through Antimicrobial Stewardship (TEACH AMS), which uses the virtual Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes (ECHO) learning model to enhance AMS capacity in Kenya, Ghana, and Malawi. Methods: A mixed-methods approach was used, which included attendance data collection, facility-level assessments, post-session and follow-up surveys, as well as focus group discussions. Results: Between September 2023 and February 2025, 77 virtual learning …

The Significance Of Detecting An Unusual Myeloblast Immunophenotype In A Presumptive Clinical Diagnosis Of Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Fnu Sameeta, Wei Wang, Fatima Zahra Jelloul, Okechukwu V Nwogbo, Beenu Thakral, Jie Xu, Shaoying Li, Chi Young Ok, Guilin Tang, Fuli Jia, L Jeffrey Medeiros, Sanam Loghavi, Jeffrey L Jorgensen, Sa A Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Context.—: Blasts in myelodysplastic syndromes (MDSs) typically have a primitive myeloid immunophenotype (CD34+CD117+CD13+CD33+HLA-DR+). On rare occasions, blasts were found to be CD34 negative or minimally expressed in a presumptive MDS.

Objective.—: To investigate the occurrence of these cases, and to examine any unique molecular genetic features, and clinical relevance.

Design.—: More than 2000 flow cytometry immunophenotyping tests for MDS performed during a 5-year period were retrospectively reviewed. Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia and overt acute myeloid leukemia (AML) (≥20% blasts) were excluded.

Results.—: Approximately 800 cases had abnormal myeloblasts consistent with myeloid neoplasms; 96% of cases showed a typical primitive phenotype, but …

Insights Into The Molecular Mechanism Of Pulmonary Vein Stenosis In Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease, Alyssa B Kalustian, Pengfei Ji, Lalita Wadhwa, Christopher A Caldarone, Manish Bansal, Athar M Qureshi, Jeffrey S Heinle, Ravi K Birla

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Objective: Pediatric pulmonary vein stenosis (PVS) is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality for the subset of patients with recurrent or progressive disease. The molecular mechanisms underlying the development and trajectory of PVS remain unclear. This study characterizes the transcriptome of clinical and phenotypic subtypes of PVS.

Methods: Bulk RNA sequencing analysis was performed on human pulmonary vein tissue samples obtained from surgical interventions for pediatric patients with PVS. Transcriptomic profiles were compared for primary versus postrepair PVS as well as aggressive versus nonaggressive clinical phenotypes. Principal component analysis was performed, the differential gene expression quantified, and pathway analysis conducted …

Indoor Air Quality Conditions And Respiratory Virus Detections In Elementary Schools—Kansas City, Missouri, February–March 2023, Olivia M. Almendares, Jasmine D. Ruffin, Luke Gard, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Anjana Sasidharan, Dithi Banerjee, Nibha Sagar, Amanda Hayes, Sydnie Petty, Brian R. Lee, Chris T. Young, Janelle Potter, Shannon Tilsworth, Jennifer Goldman, Jennifer E. Schuster, Hannah L. Kirking

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

Background/Objectives: Respiratory viruses circulate year-round and can spread indoors via inhalation of airborne particles. Effective ventilation and filtration may reduce transmission, particularly in school settings where children and staff spend significant time. This study examines the impact of indoor air quality (IAQ) and ventilation in schools on respiratory virus detection.

Methods: During February 27 to March 30, 2023, we assessed the relationship between IAQ and respiratory viruses in two Kansas City, Missouri, elementary schools by collecting bioaerosol samples, student and staff nasal swabs, and monitoring IAQ across 10 rooms (six classrooms, two common spaces, and two nurses’ offices). We calculated …

Differences In Wait-List Mortality: Temporary Vs Durable Circulatory Support Devices, Mahwash Kassi, Salma Zook, Duc Nguyen, Katelyn Ingram, Sapna Legha, Rayan Yousefzai, Ju Kim, Imad Hussain, Cindy M Martin, Janardhana Gorthi, Adeel Ahsan Syed, Nadia Fida, Arvind Bhimaraj, Edward A Graviss, Ashrith Guha

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: In 2018, changes in the United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) allocation system led to a shift in practices, making durable left ventricular assist devices less desirable as a bridge to transplantation compared to temporary mechanical circulatory support. This study compares the composite outcome of waitlist mortality and delisting incidence at 1 year between these two support types.

Methods: All actively listed adult patients on mechanical circulatory support listed for heart transplantation under the current UNOS system from October 2018 to October 2021 were included, excluding those with right ventricular devices, biventricular devices, total artificial hearts, and extracorporeal membrane …

Using Vizient Database For Benchmarking Pulmonary Resection Outcomes, Anuj Shah, Duc T Nguyen, Swetha Mulpur, Sayali Kelkar, Ray K Chihara, Warren Naselsky, Edward A Graviss, Min P Kim

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Benchmarking pulmonary resection outcomes is critical for the evaluation of hospital performance and enhancing the quality of patient care. Both the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP) and Society of Thoracic Surgeons General Thoracic Surgical Database (GTSD) provide outcomes after lung resection, but each database had its own limitations. We aimed to determine whether the Vizient database can be used to benchmark lung resection outcomes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort analysis of pulmonary resection cases at a single institution using the Vizient dashboard and GTSD. We examined whether all pulmonary resections were captured and …

Genes Encoding Multiple Modulators Of The Immune Response Are Methylated In The Prostate Tumor Microenvironment Of African Americans, Vinay Kumar, Tara Sinta Kartika Jennings, Lucas Ueta, James Nguyen, Liankun Song, Michael Mcclelland, Weiping Chu, Michael Lilly, Michael Ittmann, Patricia Castro, Arash Rezazadeh Kalebasty, Dan Mercola, Omid Yazdanpanah, Xiaolin Zi, Farah Rahmatpanah

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background/Objectives: Prostate cancer (PCa) is diagnosed at an earlier median age, more advanced stage, and has worse clinical outcomes in African American (AA) men compared to European Americans (EA).

Methods: To investigate the role of aberrant DNA methylation in tumor-adjacent stroma (TAS), methyl binding domain sequencing (MBD-seq) was performed on AA (n = 17) and EA (n = 15) PCa patients. This was independently confirmed using the long interspersed nuclear element-1 (LINE-1) assay. Pathway analysis was performed on statistically significantly differentially methylated genes for AA and EA TAS. DNA methylation profiles of primary cultured AA and …

A Cancer Education Needs Assessment: Informing Middle-Aged Female Patients About The Relationships Between Obesity And Women’S Health Concerns In The Reproductive System, Breast, And Endometrial Health, Batul Mirza

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Obesity significantly impacts women’s health, particularly among middle-aged women, by increasing the risk of hormone-sensitive cancers such as breast, endometrial, and reproductive system cancers. This study examines the educational needs of this demographic group regarding obesity-related cancer risks and explores effective intervention strategies. Obesity-induced mechanisms – hormonal imbalances, chronic inflammation, and insulin resistance – drive cancer susceptibility, emphasizing the need for targeted health education. The study employs a qualitative design, which includes interviews with subject matter experts (SMEs) and surveys of middle-aged women. The goal is to assess awareness, perceived barriers, and preferred learning methods. Findings suggest that with many …

Matrix Molecules Associated With Both Regulation Of Inflammation And Pathogenic Outcomes Associated With The Surface Of The Lens In The Eyes Of Eau Mice, Phuong M. Le, Jodirae Dedreu, Mary J Mattapallil, Rachel R Caspi, Ryan Tomlinson, Mary Ann Stepp, A. Sue Menko

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Immune cells with immunoregulatory properties are recruited to the surface of the lens in the Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis (EAU) mouse and remain linked through resolution of EAU inflammation. Since protein components of the extracellular matrix provide biochemical and mechanical signals that regulate immune cell migration and phenotype, we investigated whether EAU inflammation caused matrix molecules to become associated with the lens surface. We focused on matrix proteins known to influence leukocyte phenotype and behavior, and/or lead to pathological outcomes in uveitis. We found that fibrinogen became associated with the lens capsule surface by the peak of EAU inflammation and increased …

Braf V600e-Positive Mononuclear Cells In Blood At Diagnosis Portend Treatment Failure And Neurodegeneration In Pediatric Lch, Howard Lin, Akanksha Batajoo, Erin Peckham-Gregory, Daniel Zinn, Olive S Eckstein, Nader Kim El-Mallawany, Nitya Gulati, Zachary D Prudowsky, Brooks Scull, Jessica Velazquez, Harshal Abhyankar, Stephen J Simko, Daria Vakula, Ryan Fleischmann, Vivekanudeep Karri, M John Hicks, Kevin E Fisher, Choladda V Curry, Angshumoy Roy, Deborah Schiff, Kenneth M Heym, Michael E Scheurer, D Williams Parsons, Miriam Merad, Tsz-Kwong Man, Kenneth L Mcclain, Jennifer Picarsic, Carl E Allen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a myeloid neoplastic disorder driven by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activation in hematopoietic cells. Historically, LCH has been staged according to involvement of "risk organs" (bone marrow, liver, and spleen), based on risk of death. With improvements in supportive care and efficacy of MAPK pathway inhibitors, patients with LCH now rarely die. However, most patients with LCH with multisystem disease are not cured with current front-line chemotherapy, and treatment failure is associated with long-term morbidity, including LCH-associated neurodegeneration (LCH-ND). In this study, we evaluated the impact of extent of LCH at presentation, tumor genotype, and …

Infantile Pyknocytosis Revisited: Possible Familial Trend In A Study Of 9 Patients, Aileen Y Hu, Amy M Coffey, Jyotinder N Punia, Andrea N Marcogliese, Choladda V Curry, M Tarek Elghetany

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context.—: Infantile pyknocytosis (IP) is an uncommon cause of transient neonatal hemolytic anemia and hyperbilirubinemia occurring in approximately 10% of cases of unexplained neonatal hemolytic anemia.

Objective.—: To study cases of IP with focus on long-term follow-up, perinatal events, and family history.

Design.—: Cases were prospectively identified during review of peripheral blood smears for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia during an 11-year period. Clinical and laboratory parameters, follow-up data, and family history were recorded.

Results.—: Nine cases of IP were identified from the morphologic recognition of pyknocytes and clinical and laboratory evidence of hemolysis, and included 6 males and 3 females. Age at …

Alpha-Synuclein Dysregulation In Systemic Pathophysiology Of Synucleinopathies, Hallie H. Dolin, Bowen Zhou, Robert W. Maitta

Faculty Scholarship

Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) has long been identified as the etiologic agent of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, the most common and well-known of which are Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). While it is known that the pathophysiology of these synucleinopathies involves aggregation of improperly-folded α-syn, the mechanisms leading to its accumulation have not been fully identified. However, multiple pathways have been proposed, any or all of which may contribute to synucleinopathies. The role of α-syn in normal homeostasis and in other organ systems, especially the hematopoietic system, has been reported recently. Research within the last decade has shown that α-syn …

Amino Acid Transporter Lat1 (Slc7a5) Promotes Metabolic Rewiring In Tnbc Progression Through The L-Trp/Qprt/Nad+ Pathway, Margot Y. Fedoroff, Lei Zhao, Shaomin Wang, Alok Bhushan, Haifeng Yang, Karen M. Bussard, Stephen C. Peiper, Jun He

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Cancer cells uptake excessive nutrients by expressing higher levels of glucose and/or amino acid transporters to meet their increased energy demands. L-type amino acid transporter 1 (LAT1), is regarded as a cancer-specific transporter for the uptake of large neutral amino acids such as L-tryptophan. However, the mechanism by which LAT1 rewires cellular metabolism to promote cancer progression and chemoresistance have not yet been investigated.

METHODS: The protein levels of LAT1, p-PKM2, and p-LDHA were determined in breast cancer tissue arrays by immunohistochemistry staining followed by survival analysis. The orthotopic breast cancer models in mice, syngeneic breast cancer models, and …

The Evaluation Of Anti-Factor Xa Levels In Hospitalised Patients Receiving Low Molecular Weight Heparin (Lmwh): A Prospective Study, Tandzile Thandwayinkosi Simelane

Master of Medicine in Clinical Pathology

Background 

Patients admitted to the hospital have been reported to have coagulation abnormalities due to various factors including immobilisation, preexisting disease, and current illness. The overall incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in critically ill patients varies from 15% to well over 50%, even with the use of prophylactic measures in most patients. Low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and unfractionated heparin (UFH) are the recommended drugs for VTE prophylaxis in inpatient care. Although not standardly recommended, the laboratory can offer monitoring of anti-Factor Xa using the gold standard method of chromogenic anti-Factor X assay. The anti-Factor Xa levels are notably affected …

Genomic Reporting Practices Across 5 Molecular Disciplines: A Study From The College Of American Pathologists, Larissa V Furtado, Annette S Kim, Ann M Moyer, Joel T Moncur, Rena R Xian, Angshumoy Roy, Avni B Santani, Yassmine Akkari, Karl V Voelkerding, Rhona J Souers, Jaimie Halley, Glenn E Palomaki

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context.—: Genomic reports are primarily organized in a narrative and unstructured format with variations in content and format. Regulatory requirements and professional guidelines for genetic test reporting exist but provide little guidance for effective communication of information.

Objective.—: To assess clinical genomic reporting practices across 5 disciplines within molecular diagnostics, including germline, somatic solid tumors, somatic hematologic malignancies, pharmacogenomics, and prenatal cell-free DNA screening.

Design.—: Reporting practices were assessed by using a structured review of clinical genomic reports from multiple laboratories in 5 molecular disciplines spanning different practice settings. Report content was reviewed by the presence/absence of from 27 to …

Labrad : Vol 50, Issue 1 - July 2025, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi

LABRAD - Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Radiology Archives

• EDITORIAL
• ARTICLES
• Molecular Integration in Diagnostic Medicine: The Convergence of Laboratory and Imaging Disciplines Toward Precision Healthcare
• Diagnosis of Odontogenic Cysts: Integrated Approach; Radiology-Pathology Correlation
• Radiologic Correlation in Bone Pathology Diagnosis - Essential Aspect
• Integrated Diagnostics in Microbiology: A Comprehensive Approach to Tuberculosis Diagnosis
• Integrated Diagnostics in Multiple Myeloma
• Sweat and DNA: A Unified Approach to Diagnosing Cystic Fibrosis
• Integrated Breast Biopsy and Predictive Marker Testing: A New Era in Streamlined Cancer Diagnostics
• Unmasking the Hook Effect in Prolactinomas: A Diagnostic Trap Requiring an Integrated Approach
• Radiology-Pathology Correlation: A Cornerstone of Integrated Diagnostic Accuracy
• Integrated Diagnostic Assessment of von Willebrand …

Comparison Between Acute Leukemia Screening Tube And Lineage-Specific Panels For The Diagnosis Of Acute Leukemia In Kenya, Nancy Okinda, Geoffrey Omuse, Elizabeth Kagotho, Douglas Munga

Pathology, East Africa

Purpose: Acute leukemia is a group of hematologic malignancies categorized according to the immature cells that proliferate and replace the normal bone marrow. Flow cytometry has emerged as a cornerstone in the diagnosis of hematologic malignancies. Staged analysis with a screening tube containing specific lineage markers determines the need for subsequent testing if there is an abnormal population (blasts). The specific lineage panels to be analyzed are determined depending on the positive markers in the screening tube. This study aimed to determine the agreement of diagnosis using the acute leukemia screening tube (ALST) and the lineage-specific panel.

Methods: This was …

Gut Virome Profile In New Onset Treatment Naïve Saudi Children With Ulcerative Colitis, Mohammad El Mouzan, Tor C Savidge, Ahmed Al Sarkhy, Shyam Badu, Badr Alsaleem, Mohammad Al Mofarreh, Abdullah Almasood, Asaad Assiri

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Gut microbiome imbalance is well established in ulcerative colitis (UC) in Western populations. Significantly less is known about the gut virome and whether geography impacts the UC-associated microbiome. The aim of this study was to characterize gut bacteriophage changes, as well as to identify phage-bacterial associations that can serve as potential biomarkers of UC.

Methods: Twenty children with UC and 20 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. Inclusion criteria included newly diagnosed treatment-naïve children with UC with no antibiotic exposure for at least six months prior to sample collection. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) was extracted from stool and rectal …

Impact Of Optimal Medical Therapy In Heart Failure Certification For Hospitalists On Guideline-Directed Medical Therapy Utilization, Farhan Ishaq, Duc T Nguyen, Edward A Graviss, Ebun Ebunlomo, Arvind Bhimaraj, Nadia Fida

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Significant gaps in guideline-directed medical therapy (GDMT) for heart failure (HF) stem from shortages of cardiologists and advanced HF providers, as well as a lack of optimal HF management knowledge among hospitalists. This study compared the impact of optimal medical therapy in HF (OMT-HF) certification on GDMT implementation and patient outcomes between an intervention group (IG) of hospitalists and a standard-of-care comparison group (SOC-CG).

Aim: To evaluate if OMT-HF has a difference in GDMT and patients in outcomes between IG and SOC-CG.

Methods: This study was implemented from November 2022 to May 2023. Hospitalized cardiology patients with HF and …

A Family Navigator Improves Post-Discharge Treatment Adherence Among Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa: A Pilot Study, Elizabeth V Franklin, Margaret Mathias, Duc T Nguyen, Albert C Hergenroeder, Constance M Wiemann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Adolescent patients with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) and Atypical Anorexia Nervosa (AAN) admitted to an inpatient medical unit are at risk of relapse if they do not receive follow up treatment. Yet treatment adherence following discharge remains poor. One possible reason for poor treatment adherence is insufficient support for parents. This pilot study explored the preliminary impact of a novel family navigator (FN) intervention on adolescent patient treatment adherence following inpatient care.

Methods: This was a pilot prospective study with a retrospective control cohort. Twenty-three adolescent patients with AN or AAN discharging from an Adolescent Medicine inpatient medical unit whose …

June 2025: Region 10 Emerging Special Pathogen Treatment Center (Resptc) At Providence Sacred Heart Medical Center & Children’S Hospital, Providence - Special Pathogens Program

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