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Articles 1 - 6 of 6
Full-Text Articles in Pathology
Molecular Mechanisms Of Iron Metabolism And Overload, Aditi Tayal, Jasmeen Kaur, Robert W. Maitta
Molecular Mechanisms Of Iron Metabolism And Overload, Aditi Tayal, Jasmeen Kaur, Robert W. Maitta
Faculty Scholarship
Iron represents an essential element required for normal physiologic processes throughout organ systems. A vast network of transporters is involved not only in uptake of this element but in processing, oxidation, and recycling to maintain it in a tight balance to avoid excess storage. This complex network of transporters, including heme and ferroportin, among many others, are responsible for facilitating inter-organ tissue iron exchange and availability, contributing to overall heme homeostasis. However, exposure to high levels of iron can overwhelm compensatory mechanisms that result in its accumulation and toxicity. This is the case of patients with genetic diseases such as …
Alpha-Synuclein Dysregulation In Systemic Pathophysiology Of Synucleinopathies, Hallie H. Dolin, Bowen Zhou, Robert W. Maitta
Alpha-Synuclein Dysregulation In Systemic Pathophysiology Of Synucleinopathies, Hallie H. Dolin, Bowen Zhou, Robert W. Maitta
Faculty Scholarship
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) has long been identified as the etiologic agent of multiple neurodegenerative diseases, the most common and well-known of which are Parkinson's disease (PD) and Lewy body dementia (LBD). While it is known that the pathophysiology of these synucleinopathies involves aggregation of improperly-folded α-syn, the mechanisms leading to its accumulation have not been fully identified. However, multiple pathways have been proposed, any or all of which may contribute to synucleinopathies. The role of α-syn in normal homeostasis and in other organ systems, especially the hematopoietic system, has been reported recently. Research within the last decade has shown that α-syn …
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura In Pediatric Patients, Niki Shrestha, Robert W. Maitta
Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura In Pediatric Patients, Niki Shrestha, Robert W. Maitta
Faculty Scholarship
Thrombotic thrombocytopenia purpura is a serious disease that can involve complex symptomatology, prolonged hospitalization, and a high risk of mortality if treatment is delayed. This disease is rare, but it is even rarer among pediatric patients. Even though it was first described 100 years ago, the earliest documented case was a pediatric patient. The last three decades have seen the discovery of the pathological mechanisms responsible for its clinical presentation. Symptoms/signs characteristic of microangiopathic hemolytic anemia with significant thrombocytopenia characterize the vast majority of patients. Its pathology centers on the accumulation of ultra-large von Willebrand factor multimers due to an …
Stress Testing Deep Learning Models For Prostate Cancer Detection On Biopsies And Surgical Specimens, Brennan T. Flannery, Anant Madabhushi
Stress Testing Deep Learning Models For Prostate Cancer Detection On Biopsies And Surgical Specimens, Brennan T. Flannery, Anant Madabhushi
Faculty Scholarship
The presence, location, and extent of prostate cancer is assessed by pathologists using H&E-stained tissue slides. Machine learning approaches can accomplish these tasks for both biopsies and radical prostatectomies. Deep learning approaches using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been shown to identify cancer in pathologic slides, some securing regulatory approval for clinical use. However, differences in sample processing can subtly alter the morphology between sample types, making it unclear whether deep learning algorithms will consistently work on both types of slide images. Our goal was to investigate whether morphological differences between sample types affected the performance of biopsy-trained cancer detection …
Re-Examination Of 30-Day Survival And Relapse Rates In Patients With Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura-Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, Cassiana E. Bittencourt, Jennifer P. Ha, Robert W. Maitta
Re-Examination Of 30-Day Survival And Relapse Rates In Patients With Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura-Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome, Cassiana E. Bittencourt, Jennifer P. Ha, Robert W. Maitta
Faculty Scholarship
Background and Objectives: Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) are characterized by microangiopathic hemolytic anemia and thrombocytopenia. Interestingly, markedly different survival rates have been reported despite increases in survivability. We studied TTP-HUS 30-day mortality and relapse rates of patients who received TPE at our institution and compared them to published data. Patients and Methods: Retrospective study analyzed 30-day mortality and relapse rates attributed to TTP-HUS from 01/01/2008 to 12/31/2012 and compared them to comparable literature reporting mortality and survival. Studies describing other etiologies for TPE and different mortality time interval were excluded. Results: Fifty-nine patients were analyzed …
Steady Increment Of Immature Platelet Fraction Is Suppressed By Irradiation In Single-Donor Platelet Components During Storage, Hong Hong, Wenbin Xiao, Robert W. Maitta
Steady Increment Of Immature Platelet Fraction Is Suppressed By Irradiation In Single-Donor Platelet Components During Storage, Hong Hong, Wenbin Xiao, Robert W. Maitta
Faculty Scholarship
Circulating immature platelet fraction (IPF) reflects real-time thrombopoiesis and correlates with platelet recovery from thrombocytopenic presentations. To understand the dynamics of IPF in platelet transfusions, we quantified the %-IPF in single-donor platelet components (SDP) during prolonged storage. %-IPF significantly increased from baseline by day 5 post-donation. Absolute IPF counts (A-IPC) had similar significant increments. However, gamma-irradiation suppressed the increments of %-IPF and A-IPC by >50%. Ultrastructural analysis of SDP units at day 10 showed well preserved morphology of immature platelets. Our findings suggest that IPF might actively expand ex-vivo and may have a longer shelf life than their mature counterparts. …