Other Medical Specialties Commons^™

Dyschronic, A Drosophila Homolog Of A Deaf-Blindness Gene, Regulates Circadian Output And Slowpoke Channels., James E C Jepson, Mohammad Shahidullah, Angelique Lamaze, Drew Peterson, Huihui Pan, Kyunghee Koh

Farber Institute for Neuroscience Faculty Papers

Many aspects of behavior and physiology are under circadian control. In Drosophila, the molecular clock that regulates rhythmic patterns of behavior has been extensively characterized. In contrast, genetic loci involved in linking the clock to alterations in motor activity have remained elusive. In a forward-genetic screen, we uncovered a new component of the circadian output pathway, which we have termed dyschronic (dysc). dysc mutants exhibit arrhythmic locomotor behavior, yet their eclosion rhythms are normal and clock protein cycling remains intact. Intriguingly, dysc is the closest Drosophila homolog of whirlin, a gene linked to type II Usher syndrome, the leading cause …

Gender-Sensitive Reporting In Medical Research., Shirin Heidari, Quarraisha Abdool Karim, Judith D Auerbach, Simone E Buitendijk, Pedro Cahn, Mirjam J Curno, Catherine Hankins, Elly Katabira, Susan Kippax, Richard Marlink, Joan Marsh, Ana Marusic, Heidi M Nass, Julio Montaner, Elizabeth Pollitzer, Maria Teresa Ruiz-Cantero, Lorraine Sherr, Papa Salif Sow, Kathleen Squires, Mark A Wainberg

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Sex and gender differences influence the health and wellbeing of men and women. Although studies have drawn attention to observed differences between women and men across diseases, remarkably little research has been pursued to systematically investigate these underlying sex differences. Women continue to be underrepresented in clinical trials, and even in studies in which both men and women participate, systematic analysis of data to identify potential sex-based differences is lacking. Standards for reporting of clinical trials have been established to ensure provision of complete, transparent and critical information. An important step in addressing the gender imbalance would be inclusion of …

Genes Adopt Non-Optimal Codon Usage To Generate Cell Cycle-Dependent Oscillations In Protein Levels., Milana Frenkel-Morgenstern, Tamar Danon, Thomas Christian, Takao Igarashi, Lydia Cohen, Ya-Ming Hou, Lars Juhl Jensen

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

The cell cycle is a temporal program that regulates DNA synthesis and cell division. When we compared the codon usage of cell cycle-regulated genes with that of other genes, we discovered that there is a significant preference for non-optimal codons. Moreover, genes encoding proteins that cycle at the protein level exhibit non-optimal codon preferences. Remarkably, cell cycle-regulated genes expressed in different phases display different codon preferences. Here, we show empirically that transfer RNA (tRNA) expression is indeed highest in the G2 phase of the cell cycle, consistent with the non-optimal codon usage of genes expressed at this time, and lowest …

Measurement And Correlates Of Empathy Among Female Japanese Physicians., Hitomi U Kataoka, Norio Koide, Mohammadreza Hojat, Joseph S Gonnella

CRMEHC Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The measurement of empathy is important in the assessment of physician competence and patient outcomes. The prevailing view is that female physicians have higher empathy scores compared with male physicians. In Japan, the number of female physicians has increased rapidly in the past ten years. In this study, we focused on female Japanese physicians and addressed factors that were associated with their empathic engagement in patient care.

METHODS: The Jefferson Scale of Empathy (JSE) was translated into Japanese by using the back-translation procedure, and was administered to 285 female Japanese physicians. We designed this study to examine the psychometrics …

Potential For Interdependent Development Of Trna Determinants For Aminoacylation And Ribosome Decoding., Cuiping Liu, Howard Gamper, Hanqing Liu, Barry S Cooperman, Ya-Ming Hou

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

Although the nucleotides in tRNA required for aminoacylation are conserved in evolution, bacterial aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases are unable to acylate eukaryotic tRNA. The cross-species barrier may be due to the absence of eukaryote-specific domains from bacterial aminoacyl-transfer RNA synthetases. Here we show that whereas Escherichia coli CysRS cannot acylate human tRNA(Cys), the fusion of a eukaryote-specific domain of human CysRS overcomes the cross-species barrier in human tRNA(Cys). In addition to enabling recognition of the sequence differences in the tertiary core of tRNA(Cys), the fused eukaryotic domain redirects the specificity of E. coli CysRS from the A37 present in bacterial tRNA(Cys) …

Systems-Level Interactions Between Insulin-Egf Networks Amplify Mitogenic Signaling., Nikolay Borisov, Edita Aksamitiene, Anatoly Kiyatkin, Stefan Legewie, Jan Berkhout, Thomas Maiwald, Nikolai P Kaimachnikov, Jens Timmer, Jan B Hoek, Boris N Kholodenko

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Crosstalk mechanisms have not been studied as thoroughly as individual signaling pathways. We exploit experimental and computational approaches to reveal how a concordant interplay between the insulin and epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling networks can potentiate mitogenic signaling. In HEK293 cells, insulin is a poor activator of the Ras/ERK (extracellular signal-regulated kinase) cascade, yet it enhances ERK activation by low EGF doses. We find that major crosstalk mechanisms that amplify ERK signaling are localized upstream of Ras and at the Ras/Raf level. Computational modeling unveils how critical network nodes, the adaptor proteins GAB1 and insulin receptor substrate (IRS), Src kinase, …

Small Bowel Strangulation As Yet Another Complication Of The Rectus Abdominis Donor Site., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Re: Midpalmar Approach To The Carpal Tunnel: An Alternative To Endoscopic Release., Robert X. Murphy Jr, Md, Ms

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Prefabrication Of A Secondary Tram Flap., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

A secondary TRAM flap was prefabricated in a rat model using the rectus muscle. The right rectus muscle was elevated as an inferiorly pedicled muscle flap in one experimental group (n = 6) and as a superiorly pedicled muscle flap in a second group (n = 5) and then sandwiched between a silicone sheet and the abdominal skin. Two weeks later, the abdominal skin and attached rectus muscle were elevated over the silicone sheet as a secondary TRAM flap. The surviving skin paddle areas of these prefabricated TRAM flaps were compared with superiorly (n = 7) and inferiorly (n = …

Complications, Untoward Events, And Reality., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

The only surgeons who do not have deal with complications are those who do not operate.1

The Rat Tram Flap: A Human Analogue?, Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Cosmetic Trauma Surgery., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

Re: Recertification., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

In Defense Of Intrauterine Repair Of Cleft Lip., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.

The Radial Forearm Donor Site: A Locus Minoris Resistentiae., Geoffrey G. Hallock Md

Department of Surgery

No abstract provided.