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Articles 511 - 514 of 514
Full-Text Articles in Neurology
A Turner Syndrome Neurocognitive Phenotype Maps To Xp22.3., Andrew R Zinn, David Roeltgen, Gerry Stefanatos, Purita Ramos, Frederick F Elder, Harvey Kushner, Karen Kowal, Judith L Ross
A Turner Syndrome Neurocognitive Phenotype Maps To Xp22.3., Andrew R Zinn, David Roeltgen, Gerry Stefanatos, Purita Ramos, Frederick F Elder, Harvey Kushner, Karen Kowal, Judith L Ross
Department of Pediatrics Faculty Papers
BACKGROUND: Turner syndrome (TS) is associated with a neurocognitive phenotype that includes selective nonverbal deficits, e.g., impaired visual-spatial abilities. We previously reported evidence that this phenotype results from haploinsufficiency of one or more genes on distal Xp. This inference was based on genotype/phenotype comparisons of individual girls and women with partial Xp deletions, with the neurocognitive phenotype considered a dichotomous trait. We sought to confirm our findings in a large cohort (n = 47) of adult women with partial deletions of Xp or Xq, enriched for subjects with distal Xp deletions. METHODS: Subjects were recruited from North American genetics and …
Dissociation Of Automatic And Strategic Lexical-Semantics: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence For Differing Roles Of Multiple Frontotemporal Regions, Brian T. Gold, David A. Balota, Sara J. Jones, David K. Powell, Charles D. Smith, Anders H. Andersen
Dissociation Of Automatic And Strategic Lexical-Semantics: Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evidence For Differing Roles Of Multiple Frontotemporal Regions, Brian T. Gold, David A. Balota, Sara J. Jones, David K. Powell, Charles D. Smith, Anders H. Andersen
Neuroscience Faculty Publications
Behavioral research has demonstrated three major components of the lexical-semantic processing system: automatic activation of semantic representations, strategic retrieval of semantic representations, and inhibition of competitors. However, these component processes are inherently conflated in explicit lexical-semantic decision tasks typically used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) research. Here, we combine the logic of behavioral priming studies and the neurophysiological phenomenon of fMRI priming to dissociate the neural bases of automatic and strategic lexical-semantic processes across a series of three studies. A single lexical decision task was used in all studies, with stimulus onset asynchrony or linguistic relationship between prime and …
Pharmacological Studies Of Nicotine And Galantamine Effects On Age Associated Memory Impairment And The Neurotrophic System In Aged Female Rats, Kristen L. French
Pharmacological Studies Of Nicotine And Galantamine Effects On Age Associated Memory Impairment And The Neurotrophic System In Aged Female Rats, Kristen L. French
MUSC Theses and Dissertations
Nicotine and Galantamine were studied for their pharmacological effects on age associated memory impairment (AAMI) and the neurotrophin system in the aged female F344 rat. Nicotine was found to have dose dependent effects on cognition in the 24 month old rat. A low dose of nicotine improved both working and reference memory (WM, RM) performance on the water radial arm maze and also improved the ability of aged rats to handle an increasing WM load. A high dose did not improve WM and caused deficits in RM, and high cotinine levels in these subjects correlated with worse performance. Nicotine treatment …
Global Cns Gene Transfer For A Childhood Neurogenetic Enzyme Deficiency: Canavan Disease., Paola Leone, Christopher G Janson, Scott J Mcphee, Matthew J During
Global Cns Gene Transfer For A Childhood Neurogenetic Enzyme Deficiency: Canavan Disease., Paola Leone, Christopher G Janson, Scott J Mcphee, Matthew J During
Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers
The neurogenetic prototypic disease on which we chose to test our gene therapy strategy is Canavan disease (CD). CD is an autosomal recessive leukodystrophy associated with spongiform degeneration of the brain. At present the disease is uniformly fatal in affected probands. CD is characterized by mutations in the aspartoacylase (ASPA) gene, resulting in loss of enzyme activity. In this review, recent evidence is summarized on the etiology and possible treatments for CD. In particular, we discuss two gene delivery systems representing recent advances in both viral and liposome technology: a novel cationic liposome-polymer-DNA (LPD) complex, DCChol/DOPE-protamine, as well as recombinant …