Transdisciplinarity At The Boundaries: Exploring A Sylvan Metaphor For Health, Peter J. Whitehouse

Faculty Scholarship

Transdisciplinarity is an action oriented intellectual and ethical endeavor to address complex ecological, economic, and political challenges that humans face. Language is viewed as a powerful tool for necessary cultural change. Blending art and science looking for the difficult to define but critically important hidden spaces between apparently rigid conceptual structures is a core of transdisciplinarity. Metaphor is a particular powerful tool for examining boundaries and developing creative blends of structures and processes. Forests are biologically and culturally critical to life on the planet. In this paper we explore, a performance character named Sylvanus, the Tree Doctor, named after the …

Static And Dynamic Postural Control Deficits In Aging Fragile X Mental Retardation 1 (Fmr1) Gene Premutation Carriers., Zheng Wang, Pravin Khemani, Lauren M Schmitt, Su Lui, Matthew W Mosconi

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Individuals with premutation alleles of the fragile X mental retardation 1 (FMR1) gene are at risk of developing fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome (FXTAS) during aging. Characterization of motor issues associated with aging in FMR1 premutation carriers is needed to determine neurodegenerative processes and establish new biobehavioral indicators to help identify individuals at greatest risk of developing FXTAS.

METHODS: We examined postural stability in 18 premutation carriers ages 46-77 years and 14 age-matched healthy controls. Participants completed a test of static stance and two tests of dynamic postural sway on a force platform to quantify postural variability and complexity. CGG …

Multidisciplinary Care In Motor Neuron Disease, Sara Khan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Motor neuron disease (MND) is a progressive degenerative disorder of the motor neurons, resulting in progressive limb, bulbar and respiratory muscle weakness. No definitive disease modifying treatment is available at this time. The mainstay of management remains multidisciplinary care, which has shown to improve quality of life, prevents complications and may also increase life span. In this review, different medical specialties necessary to offer complete multidisciplinary care are discussed. Symptomatic management of individual symptoms commonly experienced by patients with MND is elaborated on.

Retracted: The Epidemiology Of Stroke In A Developing Country (Pakistan), M Ishaq Khan, Junaid I. Khan, Sheikh I. Ahmed, Sajjad Ali

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Retraction Notice

Khan MI, Khan JI, Ahmed SI, Ali S. The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan).

Pak J Neurol Sci. 2018;13(3):30-44.

A reader brought to our attention that the article titled “The epidemiology of stroke in a developing country (Pakistan)”, published in Volume 13, Issue 3, of Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS) was a redundant (duplicate) publication. We investigated this complaint and found out that prior to its submission to PJNS on February 11 2018, this article had already been published almost verbatim in Journal of Neurology & Stroke on January 23, 2018.

Reference of the …

Hemispheric Regional Based Analysis Of Diffusion Tensor Imaging And Diffusion Tensor Tractography In Patients With Temporal Lobe Epilepsy And Correlation With Patient Outcomes., Mahdi Alizadeh, Lauren Kozlowski, Jennifer Muller, Neha Ashraf, Shiva Shahrampour, Feroze B. Mohamed, Chengyuan Wu, Ashwini Sharan

Department of Neurosurgery Faculty Papers

Imaging in the field of epilepsy surgery remains an essential tool in terms of its ability to identify regions where the seizure focus might present as a resectable area. However, in many instances, an obvious structural abnormality is not visualized. This has created the opportunity for new approaches and imaging innovation in the field of epilepsy, such as with Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and Diffusion Tensor Tractography (DTT). In this study, we aim to evaluate the use of DTI and DTT as a predictive model in the field of epilepsy, specifically Temporal Lobe Epilepsy (TLE), and correlate their clinical significance …

The Carotid Sinus Nerve And The First English Translation Of Hering's Original Research On This Nerve., Mohammadali M Shoja, Rabjot Rai, Stefan Lachkar, Seleipiri Iboroma Akobo, Emre Yilmaz, Marios Loukas, Emanuela Binello, Mehrnoush Gorjaian, Christoph J Griessenauer, Joe Iwanaga, R Shane Tubbs

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

This paper provides a brief depiction of the life and achievements of the most iconic experiments of Heinrich Ewald Hering. The authors herein have presented a translation of his paper on the carotid sinus nerve in English; the original paper by Heinrich Ewald Hering, titled "Ueber die Wand des Sinus caroticus als Reizempfänger und den Sinusnerv als zentripetale Bahn für die Sinusreflexe" (1924), provides a detailed account of his experimental process and findings. He recognized that the sinus reflexes are mediated by a branch of the glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX).

Quantitative Clinical And Autoimmune Assessments In Stiff Person Syndrome: Evidence For A Progressive Disorder., Goran Rakocevic, Harry Alexopoulos, Marinos C. Dalakas

Department of Neurology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Stiff Person Syndrome (SPS) is an under-diagnosed disorder that affects mobility and the quality of life of affected patients. The aim of the study is to describe the natural history of SPS, the extent of accumulated disability and the associated clinical and immunological features in patients followed for up to 8 years in a single center.

METHODS: Our collective cohort included 57 SPS patients. Additionally, 32 of these patients were examined every 6 months for a two-year period in a longitudinal study protocol, to assess disease progression using quantitative measures of stiffness and heightened sensitivity.

RESULTS: The most frequent …

What? Not Another Fall!: Reducing Falls In The Neuroscience Patient Population, Elizabeth Plante

Nursing Posters

The purpose of this evidence-based practice project is to reduce the fall rate from 5.52 to less than 4.80 on a Neuroscience/Spine Unit through increasing staff and patient awareness of fall risk and application of evidence-based fall prevention practices of communication, patient involvement and bedside report.

Reducing Falls In The Neuroscience Patient Population, Elizabeth Plante

Nursing Posters

Purpose Statement:

The purpose of this evidence-based practice project is to reduce the fall rate from 5.52 to less than 4.80 on a Neuroscience/Spine Unit through increasing staff and patient awareness of fall risk and application of evidence-based fall prevention practices of communication, patient involvement and bedside report.

Targeting Intracellular Calcium Stores Alleviates Neurological Morbidities In A Dfp-Based Rat Model Of Gulf War Illness, Laxmikant Deshpande, Edna Santos, Kristin Phillips, Robert Blair

Neurology Publications

Gulf War Illness (GWI) is a chronic multi-symptom disorder afflicting the veterans of the First Gulf War, and includes neurological symptoms characterized by depression and memory deficits. Chronic exposure to organophosphates (OP) is considered a leading cause for GWI, yet its pathobiology is not fully understood. We recently observed chronic elevations in neuronal Ca2+ levels ([Ca2+]i) in an OP- diisopropyl fluorophosphate (DFP) based rat model for GWI. This study was aimed at identifying mechanisms underlying elevated [Ca2+]i in this DFP model and investigating whether their therapeutic targeting could improve GWI-like neurological morbidities. Male Sprague-Dawley rats (9-wks) were exposed to DFP …

Response To Misused And Misleading: 100% Response Rate To Galcanezumab In Patients With Episodic Migraine, N. Rosen, E. Pearlman, D. Ruff, K. Day, A. J. Nagy

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Tele-Monitored Tdcs Rehabilitation: Feasibility, Challenges And Future Perspectives In Parkinson's Disease, A. Cucca, K. Sharma, S. Agarwal, A. S. Feigin, M. C. Biagioni

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Author(s). Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a modality of non-invasive brain stimulation involving the application of low amplitude direct current via surface electrodes on the scalp. tDCS has been studied in healthy populations and in multiple brain disorders and has the potential to be a treatment for several neuropsychiatric conditions by virtue of its capability of influencing cognitive, motor and behavioral processes. tDCS is a generally safe technique when performed within standardized protocols in research or clinical settings. Furthermore, tDCS portability, high acceptability and user-friendly interface makes it highly appealing for telemedicine practices. The term "telemedicine" …

Sex-Related Differences In Homebound Advanced Parkinson's Disease Patients, L. Nwabuobi, W. Barbosa, M. Sweeney, S. Oyler, T. Meisel, A. Di Rocco, J. Chodosh, J. E. Fleisher

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Correction To: Sequencing And Curation Strategies For Identifying Candidate Glioblastoma Treatments (Vol 12, 56, 2019), M. O. Frank, T. Koyama, K. Rhrissorrakrai, N. Robine, F. Utro, A. Emde, B. Chen, J. Boockvar, A. Demopoulos, R. B. Darnell, +39 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Prehospital Factors Associated With Discharge Outcomes: Baseline Data From The Andhra Pradesh Traumatic Brain Injury Project, K. Ram, K. Varaprasad, M. K. Krishna, N. Kannan, V. Sundar, M. Joseph, V. D. Sinha, D. Shukla, R. K. Narayan, M. S. Vavilala, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 The Authors Objective: Strategies to improve traumatic brain injury (TBI) outcomes in India are ill defined. The objective of this study was to examine baseline prehospital (PH) factors associated with outcomes from the Andhra Pradesh Traumatic Brain Injury Project. Methods: We conducted a prospective observational cohort study of adult patients with TBI admitted to the primary referral hospital. Modes of injury, prehospital care and transport, and factors associated with increased in-hospital mortality were evaluated. Poisson regression with robust error variance and adjusted attributable risk percent estimates determined factors associated with outcomes. Results: A total of 447 adults (38% …

Novel Bioactive And Therapeutic Dental Polymeric Materials To Inhibit Periodontal Pathogens And Biofilms, M. Chi, M. Qi, A. Lan, P. Wang, M. D. Weir, M. A. Melo, X. Sun, B. Dong, C. Li, H. H. Xu, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Periodontitis is a common infectious disease characterized by loss of tooth-supporting structures, which eventually leads to tooth loss. The heavy burden of periodontal disease and its negative consequence on the patient’s quality of life indicate a strong need for developing effective therapies. According to the World Health Organization, 10–15% of the global population suffers from severe periodontitis. Advances in understanding the etiology, epidemiology and microbiology of periodontal pocket flora have called for antibacterial therapeutic strategies for periodontitis treatment. Currently, antimicrobial strategies combining with polymer science have attracted tremendous interest in the …

Adaptation Of The Human Auditory Cortex To Changing Background Noise, B. Khalighinejad, J. L. Herrero, A. D. Mehta, N. Mesgarani

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Incins-Igf2 Promotes Cell Proliferation And Migration By Promoting G1/S Transition In Lung Cancer, S. Gao, Z. Lin, C. Li, Y. Wang, L. Yang, B. Zou, J. Chen, J. Li, D. Feng, G. Liu, +1 Additional Author

Journal Articles

© The Author(s) 2019. Long noncoding RNAs are capable of regulating gene expression at multiple levels. These RNA molecules are also involved in a variety of physiological and pathological processes. Emerging data demonstrate that a series of differentially expressed long noncoding RNAs are implicated in tumorigenesis. In the present study, we used microarray analysis to identify long noncoding RNAs that are dysregulated in non-small-cell lung cancer when compared to normal lung tissues. Accordingly, we performed quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction to analyze the levels of long noncoding RNA and the cis target gene. We further found the oncogene property of …

Efficacy And Safety Of Ozanimod In Multiple Sclerosis: Dose-Blinded Extension Of A Randomized Phase Ii Study, J. A. Cohen, G. Comi, D. L. Arnold, A. Bar-Or, K. W. Selmaj, L. Steinman, E. K. Havrdová, B. A. Cree, B. E. Skolnick, L. Kappos, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© The Author(s), 2018. Background: Ozanimod, an oral immunomodulator, selectively targets sphingosine 1-phosphate receptors 1 and 5. Objective: Evaluate efficacy, safety, and tolerability of ozanimod in relapsing multiple sclerosis. Methods: In the RADIANCE Part A phase II study (NCT01628393), participants with relapsing multiple sclerosis were randomized (1:1:1) to once-daily ozanimod hydrochloride (0.5 or 1 mg) or placebo. After 24 weeks, participants could enter a 2-year, dose-blinded extension. Ozanimod-treated participants continued their assigned dose; placebo participants were re-randomized (1:1) to ozanimod hydrochloride 0.5 or 1 mg (equivalent to ozanimod 0.46 and 0.92 mg). Results: A total of 223 (89.6%) of the …

Acute Levodopa Dosing Around-The-Clock Ameliorates Rem Sleep Without Atonia In Hemiparkinsonian Rats, Vishakh Iyer, Quynh Vo, Anthony Mell, Siven Chinniah, Ashley Zenerovitz, Kala Venkiteswaran, Allen R. Kunselman, Jidong Fang, Thyagarajan Subramanian

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

• Article
• Open Access
• Published: 29 November 2019

Acute levodopa dosing around-the-clock ameliorates REM sleep without atonia in hemiparkinsonian rats

• Vishakh Iyer,
• Quynh Vo,
• Anthony Mell,
• Siven Chinniah,
• Ashley Zenerovitz,
• Kala Venkiteswaran,
• Allen R. Kunselman,
• Jidong Fang &
• Thyagarajan Subramanian

npj Parkinson's Disease volume 5, Article number: 27 (2019) Cite this article

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Abstract

Rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep without atonia (RSWA), a marker of REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), is frequently comorbid with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although rodent models are commonly used for studying PD, the neurobiological and behavioral correlates of …

Increased Dementia Mortality In West Virginia Counties With Mountaintop Removal Mining?, A. K. Salm, Michael J. Benson

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

(MTM), a practice that has been ongoing in some counties of West Virginia (WV) USA since the 1970s. PM inhalation has been linked to central nervous system pathophysiology, including cognitive decline and dementia. Here we compared county dementia mortality statistics in MTM vs. non-MTM WV counties over a period spanning 2001–2015. We found significantly elevated age-adjusted vascular or unspecified dementia mortality/100,000 population in WV MTM counties where, after adjusting for socioeconomic variables, dementia mortality was 15.60 (±3.14 Standard Error of the Mean (S.E.M.)) times higher than that of non-MTM counties. Further analyses with satellite imaging data revealed a highly significant …

Venous Manometry As An Adjunct For Diagnosis And Multimodal Management Of Intracranial Hypertension Due To Meningioma Compressing Sigmoid Sinus, Cletus Cheyuo, Charles L. Rosen, Ansaar Rai, Christopher P. Cifarelli, Rabia Qaiser

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Intracranial venous hypertension is a rare presentation of meningiomas in the transversesigmoid sinus region. We describe a case of a young patient presenting with intracranial hypertension due to a meningioma causing compression of the dominant sigmoid sinus. We were able to document the cerebral venous pressure gradient across the lesion confirming our hypothesis that compression of the sigmoid sinus from the meningioma was the cause of intracranial hypertension. The patient is a 17-year-old male who presented with intracranial hypertension due to meningioma at the right dominant sigmoid sinus, which was treated by a Simpson grade IV surgical resection followed by …

Molecular Mechanisms Of Cancer-Induced Sleep Disruption, William H. Walker, Jeremy C. Borniger

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

Sleep is essential for health. Indeed, poor sleep is consistently linked to the development of systemic disease, including depression, metabolic syndrome, and cognitive impairments. Further evidence has accumulated suggesting the role of sleep in cancer initiation and progression (primarily breast cancer). Indeed, patients with cancer and cancer survivors frequently experience poor sleep, manifesting as insomnia, circadian misalignment, hypersomnia, somnolence syndrome, hot flushes, and nightmares. These problems are associated with a reduction in the patients’ quality of life and increased mortality. Due to the heterogeneity among cancers, treatment regimens, patient populations and lifestyle factors, the etiology of cancer-induced sleep disruption is …

Global Climate Change And Invariable Photoperiods: A Mismatch That Jeopardizes Animal Fitness, William H. Walker Ii, Olga Hecmarie Meléndez‐Fernández, Randy J. Nelson, Russel J. Reiter

Faculty & Staff Scholarship

The Earth's surface temperature is rising, and precipitation patterns throughout the Earth are changing; the source of these shifts is likely anthropogenic in nature. Alterations in temperature and precipitation have obvious direct and indirect ef‐ fects on both plants and animals. Notably, changes in temperature and precipita‐ tion alone can have both advantageous and detrimental consequences depending on the species. Typically, production of offspring is timed to coincide with optimal food availability; thus, individuals of many species display annual rhythms of reproductive function. Because it requires substantial time to establish or re‐establish reproduc‐ tive function, individuals cannot depend on the …

Editorial: Recent Advances In Psychiatry From Psycho-Neuro-Immunology Research: Autoimmune Encephalitis, Autoimmune Encephalopathy, And Mild Encephalitis, K. Bechter, D. Brown, S. Najjar

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Consensus Statement From The International Consensus Meeting On The Role Of Decompressive Craniectomy In The Management Of Traumatic Brain Injury: Consensus Statement, P. J. Hutchinson, A. G. Kolias, T. Tajsic, A. Adeleye, A. T. Aklilu, T. Apriawan, A. H. Bajamal, E. J. Barthelemy, J. S. Ullman, F. Servadei, +41 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Noninvasive Sub-Organ Ultrasound Stimulation For Targeted Neuromodulation, V. Cotero, Y. Fan, T. Tsaava, A. M. Kressel, I. Hancu, T. R. Coleman, S. Zanos, K. J. Tracey, S. S. Chavan, C. Puleo, +10 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

© 2019, The Author(s). Tools for noninvasively modulating neural signaling in peripheral organs will advance the study of nerves and their effect on homeostasis and disease. Herein, we demonstrate a noninvasive method to modulate specific signaling pathways within organs using ultrasound (U/S). U/S is first applied to spleen to modulate the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), and US stimulation is shown to reduce cytokine response to endotoxin to the same levels as implant-based vagus nerve stimulation (VNS). Next, hepatic U/S stimulation is shown to modulate pathways that regulate blood glucose and is as effective as VNS in suppressing the hyperglycemic effect …

Inhibition Of Hmgb1/Rage-Mediated Endocytosis By Hmgb1 Antagonist Box A, Anti-Hmgb1 Antibodies, And Cholinergic Agonists Suppresses Inflammation, H. Yang, H. Liu, Q. Zeng, G. H. Imperato, M. E. Addorisio, M. He, K. F. Cheng, Y. Al-Abed, S. S. Chavan, K. J. Tracey, +3 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Towards Reconstructing Intelligible Speech From The Human Auditory Cortex, H. Akbari, B. Khalighinejad, J. L. Herrero, A. D. Mehta, N. Mesgarani

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

Altered Dynamics Of Visual Contextual Interactions In Parkinson's Disease., M. I. Vanegas, A. Blangero, J. E. Galvin, A. Di Rocco, A. Quartarone, M. F. Ghilardi, S. P. Kelly

Journal Articles

Over the last decades, psychophysical and electrophysiological studies in patients and animal models of Parkinson's disease (PD), have consistently revealed a number of visual abnormalities. In particular, specific alterations of contrast sensitivity curves, electroretinogram (ERG), and visual-evoked potentials (VEP), have been attributed to dopaminergic retinal depletion. However, fundamental mechanisms of cortical visual processing, such as normalization or "gain control" computations, have not yet been examined in PD patients. Here, we measured electrophysiological indices of gain control in both space (surround suppression) and time (sensory adaptation) in PD patients based on steady-state VEP (ssVEP). Compared with controls, patients exhibited a significantly …