Neurology Commons^™

The Effect Of The Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (Lsvt) Big Method Based On Occupation On Older Adult Functional Mobility Balance, Muhammad Luthfi, Kharisma Nur Idalasari

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia

Balance impairment is one of the major problems commonly experienced by older adults as a result of degenerative processes, leading to an increased risk of falls. Falls may cause fear of recurrent falling, reduced physical activity, loss of physical capability, and may eventually result in disability and psychological consequences such as depression. Structured, occupation-based physical activity has been shown to provide various benefits for older adults, including improving physical function, slowing functional decline associated with degenerative processes, reducing fall risk, and enhancing postural control. This study aimed to analyze the effect of the occupation-based Lee Silverman Voice Treatment (LSVT) BIG …

Pengaruh Rehabilitasi Berbantuan Robot Terhadap Pemulihan Fungsional Setelah Total Hip Arthroplasty: Literature Review, Dian Rahayu Wijayanti, Kholida Nabila, Nadzifa Salsabila Haris Putri, Nur Afrina Azra, Septina Olivia, Farid Rahman

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia

Total Hip Arthroplasty (THA) remains a gold standard for restoring joint function in patients with severe hip osteoarthritis, yet achieving optimal functional recovery post-surgery remains a challenge. Robot-assisted rehabilitation (RAR) has emerged as a novel physiotherapy modality offering structured, repetitive, and sensor-driven training that may enhance recovery trajectories. Objective: This literature review aims to identify and synthesise current evidence on the effectiveness of RAR in improving functional outcomes after THA, focusing on gait performance, muscle strength, balance, and quality of life. Methods: A comprehensive search of PubMed, PEDro, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar was conducted for peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 …

Community-Based Exercise Programs Dalam Mengurangi Fear Of Falling Dan Meningkatkan Quality Of Life Pada Lansia: A Systematic Literature Review, Amirah Hasna Rafifah -, Hanif Maulana, Saffanah

Jurnal Fisioterapi Terapan Indonesia

The global increase in the elderly population presents significant challenges in maintaining independence and quality of life among older adults. One of the most common problems experienced by the elderly is fear of falling, which negatively affects physical activity, balance, and psychological well-being. Community-based exercise programs represent an approach that not only improves physical function but also strengthens social interaction and self-confidence among older adults. This study aims to review community-based exercise programs in reducing fear of falling and improving quality of life among the elderly through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using the PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The literature …

Agreement Among Experienced Physical Therapist Clinicians In Naming Nystagmus: A Mixed-Methods Study Design, Lori Ann Leineke, Alessandra N. Garcia, Bridget Eubanks

Internet Journal of Allied Health Sciences and Practice

Purpose: Labeling nystagmus requires clinicians to consider multiple aspects of its presentation. The extent to which physical therapists (PTs) use consistent terminology for describing nystagmus is unknown. Recommendations for proper terminology exist, but adherence during clinical assessment has not been determined. This study investigated whether PTs with advanced vestibular rehabilitation skills and training consistently use standardized vocabulary to describe nystagmus patterns. Methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional, mixed-methods study utilized an online survey methodology, which included eight free-response questions. Participants viewed videos of nystagmus through Infrared or Frenzel goggles and documented their observations. A codebook of responses was created for each question, …

Fda Approval Of Tradipitant: A Novel Approach To Motion Sickness Treatment, Haley Brown, Jennifer Cao, Allie Honigford, Leah Heitkamp, Sarah Hiett, Connor Dains, Brenna Hissong, Manoranjan D'Souza

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

Motion sickness is a prevalent neurophysiological condition affecting approximately one-third of the worldwide population, resulting from sensory mismatch and the brain’s internal model of motion. It is characterized by nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and autonomic symptoms during exposure to actual or virtual motion, which may significantly impair daily functioning and quality of life. Current guidelines recommend the prevention and treatment of motion sickness through pharmacologic, herbal, and non-pharmacologic strategies. Scopolamine and first-generation antihistamines are effective pharmacologic options, while ginger has demonstrated some benefit in reducing symptoms as an herbal option. Non-pharmacologic interventions such as habituation training, behavioral techniques, and sensory strategies …

Development And Psychometric Analysis Of An Instrument To Assess Social Stigma Associated With Parkinson's Disease, Ana Lourdes Guerra-Anzaldo, Arturo Emmanuel Espinosa-Picos, Karen Itzel Sánchez-Ramírez, Ana Jimena Hernández-Medrano, Amin Cervantes-Arriaga, Ariadna Domínguez-García, Mayela Rodríguez-Violante

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: To develop and report the psychometric properties of a comprehensive scale designed to measure stereotypes and attitudes of the general population towards people with Parkinson’s disease (PwP).

Methods: The development and analysis of the Parkinson's Disease Stigma Perception scale (PDSP) included four phases: 1) literature review, 2) item development, 3) tests of validity and reliability, and 4) dissemination of a preliminary version. Internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) to explore underlying structures, and confirmatory factor analysis to test the model's fit.

Results: Six (2%) of the 294 survey respondents were disqualified because of incomplete …

Sequential Presentation Of Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Acute Ischemic Stroke, And St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction: A Case Report, Ichlasul Mahdi Fardhani, Putu Aditya Darmawan Kuntadi, Hammam Arif Shabri, Muhammad Isra Rafidin Rayyan, Zarrah Yuniar Qolbi Harris, Tristi Lukita Wening, Azham Purwandhono

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Cardio-cerebral infarction (CCI), the simultaneous occurrence of acute ischemic stroke (AIS) and acute myocardial infarction (AMI), is a rare and life-threatening emergency. Management becomes even more challenging when accompanied by metabolic complications like diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). We report a case of a 45-year-old man with hypertension and a chronic smoking history, found unresponsive with right-sided hemiparesis. He was last seen well six hours before arrival. On examination, he was hypertensive, tachypneic, had a ketotic breath odor, GCS 12, and NIHSS 15. Laboratory results confirmed DKA, with a random blood glucose of 412 mg/dL and metabolic acidosis. Non-contrast brain CT revealed …

Targeting Glioblastoma: Mechanistic And Clinical Perspectives From Uofl Research, Swetha Senthil Nathan

The Cardinal Edge

Glioblastoma (GBM) remains one of the most aggressive and treatment-resistant brain tumors, with median survival lingering at 12–15 months despite surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy. This article explores cutting-edge research and clinical efforts at the University of Louisville aimed at improving GBM treatment outcomes. Dr. Joseph Chen investigates the tumor microenvironment, revealing how physical properties such as stiffness and porosity drive GBM cell proliferation, migration, and resistance to apoptosis. His lab’s findings suggest that porosity, rather than stiffness alone, may be a more accurate predictor of tumor invasion and progression-free survival. Additionally, his research highlights the role of hyaluronic acid and …

Etiologies, Management, And Outcomes Of Pediatric Stroke In A Tertiary Care Center, Supinya Naruphanthawart, Tanitnun Paprad, Tanai Trongmonthum, Tunchanok Paprad, Krisanachai Chomtho

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background

Recent developments in neuroimaging and treatments, such as thrombolysis and endovascular thrombectomy, have improved across pediatric stroke diagnosis and management. However, no contemporary data exist on stroke characteristics related to clinical outcomes among Thai children.

Objectives

To study clinical characteristics, investigations, and treatments associated with outcomes in Thai pediatric stroke patients.

Methods

Methods: We enrolled children aged 28 days to 18 years with "cerebrovascular disease" recorded as ICD 10 and inpatient records from January 2011 to September 2022. Outcomes included disability at discharge (mRS grade 4-5), in-hospital mortality, and two-year recurrent stroke rate.

Results

Of 206 patients, 53.4% had …

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy Criteria In The First Pathologically Confirmed Thai Cohort: A Pilot Study, Thanapoom Taweephol, Thachamai Smitasiri, Thanakit Pongpitakmetha, Sekh Thanprasertsuk, Anand Viswanathan

Chulalongkorn Medical Journal

Background: The gold standard for diagnosing cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA), full brain post-mortem examination, is rarely performed. Current diagnostic criteria, primarily based on clinico-radiological features, were developed from Western populations and may have limited applicability to Asian populations.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the accuracy of current diagnostic criteria and examine the clinico-radiological characteristics of Thai CAA patients.

Methods: Brain histopathological specimens from patients with clinical symptoms of CAA who underwent neurosurgical procedures, including intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) evacuation, between 2011 and 2021 at King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thailand, were reviewed. Patient characteristics and clinical events for each individual were retrospectively …

Forward Momentum

DePaul Magazine

Mission: Forward, the most ambitious philanthropic campaign in DePaul’s history, is fueling purpose-driven education to solve society’s biggest challenges. Learn and watch videos about DePaul programs and initiatives that exemplify the campaign through academic innovation, interdisciplinary collaboration, service-oriented community partnership and activist scholarship.

Hallucinations And Diabetes – Could It Be The Hip? An Interesting Case Of Cobalt Poisoning, Mahrukh Tariq, Zauraiz Anjum

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Cobalt (Co) poisoning has been described historically in beer-drinkers when cobalt was used as an additive. In present times, this type of poisoning is usually caused by occupational exposure or metal prosthesis breakdown. We present a case of Co poisoning from metal prosthesis breakdown with exceptionally high levels, and thus, some unique symptoms. Interestingly our patient not only had symptoms commonly associated with Co poisoning, e.g., paresthesia, sensory-neural hearing loss, acute kidney failure, but also developed new onset diabetes, which is not commonly associated with this type of pathology. Moreover, when we had this patient under our care, we had …

Neuroinflammation And Its Role In Depression– A Review Of Emerging Biomarkers And Therapeutic Targets, Sophia M. Valerino

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a prevalent and debilitating mental illness that affects millions globally. Traditionally, the pathophysiology of MDD was thought to be due primarily neurotransmitter imbalances. However, emerging research highlights the role of neuroinflammation in MDD pathogenesis. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, microglial activation, and blood-brain barrier dysfunction have been implicated in the etiology of MDD. Additionally, biomarkers such as C-reactive protein and neuroimaging findings further support the neuroinflammatory hypothesis. This growing body of evidence has led to increased interest in novel treatment approaches, including anti-inflammatory medications and lifestyle interventions, as potential therapeutic strategies. While selective serotonin reuptake …

Gabapentin Induced Seizures: A Rare Presentation Of Toxicity, Muhammad Umer Mukhtar, Akaansha Varma, Abdullah M. Firoze Ahmed

Advances in Clinical Medical Research and Healthcare Delivery

Gabapentin is a medication used for the management of neuropathic pain, focal seizures, and several other medical conditions. We report a case of a young male who experienced generalized tonic clonic seizures following the intentional ingestion of 31 grams of gabapentin. This case describes an unusual manifestation of gabapentin toxicity, namely seizures, and highlights the overdose of gabapentin for recreational purposes. Furthermore, this report emphasizes the rising misuse of gabapentin and underscores the importance of providers remaining vigilant in recognizing potential substance use disorders.

Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein Antibody-Associated Disease Incidentally Diagnosed During Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Case Report, Ching-Yun Liao, Chung-Hao Chao, Chih-Chin Hsu

Rehabilitation Practice and Science

背景

髓鞘少突膠質細胞糖蛋白抗體相關疾病（MOGAD）是一種罕見的自體免疫發炎性疾病，主要涉及中樞神經系統（CNS），其主要特徵是視神經、腦部和脊髓脫髓鞘。我們報告一例最初疑似復發性中風的病例，該病例在住院中風復健期間最終確診為MOGAD。

病例概要

49歲女性，左側大腦半球梗塞，在中風後復健期間出現多次右側肢體肌力下降伴隨失語症。這些神經功能波動偏離了典型卒中的預期復健軌跡。卒中發作兩個月後行腦部磁振造影（MRI）檢查，結果顯示右側內囊後肢、腦橋及C1脊髓出現多處新發病灶。後續血清學檢查顯示抗髓鞘少突膠質細胞糖蛋白（MOG）IgG抗體陽性，而水通道蛋白4（AQP4）抗體陰性，確診為MOGAD。患者接受了甲潑尼龍治療及充分的復健治療，追蹤期間肌力顯著改善，未見脫髓鞘病灶復發。

結論

本案例凸顯了復健科醫師在早期發現類似中風的神經發炎性疾病的關鍵作用。復健科醫師處於獨特的領先地位，能夠透過持續的功能監測識別「危險信號」；任何偏離預期復健路徑或無法解釋的神經功能波動都應促使醫生進行進一步檢查。早期識別此類非典型模式，並及時進行免疫治療和多學科康復，可以預防永久性功能衰退，並優化長期預後。

Family Mental Health – A Case Report, Vikrant Arora, Medha Kosireddy, Mathumitha Ananth, Kishor M. Manohar Rao

Digital Journal of Clinical Medicine

Psychiatric illness in India is estimated to be 15% as per National Mental Health Survey 2015-16.  Mental health challenges within families, especially depression, anxiety disorders that are not common and when unaddressed exert cascading effects on all members, disrupting emotional cohesion, relational functioning, and socioeconomic stability. There are few case reports on entire family presenting to psychiatry department.

With informed consent a city-based middle-class family of non-consanguineous origin, where the 40-year-old female, presented with intractable limb pains and health anxiety, she had multiple consultation in last few months and her 48-year-old husband also had with episodic pains, irritability and her …

Masld-Induced Hyperammonemia With Atypical, Restricted Diffusion Pattern Suggesting Mixed Metabolic And Hypoxic-Anoxic Injury, Renu Thomas, Nhuchau Tiffany Nguyen, Daniel Bao, Jonathan Tang, Uzma Ali, Damon Cao

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background

Hepatic encephalopathy is a common cause of altered mental status for patients with decompensated cirrhosis. Their conditions typically improve with high-dose laxatives; if not optimally treated, can develop neurologic sequelae like cerebral edema and herniation. In severe cases, despite normal systemic oxygenation, hyperammonemia may result in mixed restricted diffusion patterns that partially resemble those seen in hypoxic-anoxic brain injury.

Case Presentation

A 61-year-old woman with cirrhosis secondary to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, scleroderma, and rheumatoid arthritis presented to the emergency room with altered mental status. She was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and was intubated due …

Factors Influencing The Choice Of Neurology As A Specialty Among Medical Students And Physicians In Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study, Muhannad A. Alahmadi, Moath M. Alomairi, Aseel O. Banasir, Omar Babateen

Saudi Toxicology Journal

Neurological disorders represent a substantial global health burden and contribute to the rising demand for neurologists. In Saudi Arabia, the shortage of neurologists underscores the importance of understanding how medical students and physicians perceive neurology as a career. This study aimed to explore the level of interest in neurology and identify factors influencing specialty selection. This cross-sectional study was conducted between November and December 2024 among undergraduate medical students and medical graduates (residents, fellows, specialists, and consultants) in Saudi Arabia. First-year students and those without prior exposure to neurology were excluded. Data were collected through a structured online questionnaire distributed …

Point Of Care Ultrasound For Rapid Identification Of Central Retinal Artery Occlusion And Subsequent Vision Rescue Utilizing Intravenous Alteplase, Joseph Pepe, Karl Kasischke, Calen Hart

Florida Journal of Emergency Medicine (FJEM)

Central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) is a rare but critical diagnosis to make in patients with acute vision loss. Cases of central retinal artery occlusion historically have a poor prognosis due to delayed presentation, lack of early identification, and limited effective treatment options. Due to these challenges, patients are often left with permanent loss of vision.

We present a case of a male patient in his late 70s with sudden onset of loss of vision to the right eye. Identification of CRAO was made utilizing point of care ultrasound (POCUS). After discussion with neurology, the patient was treated with alteplase …

Spectrum Of Headache Disorders In Pakistan: A Multicenter Study, Amina Javed, Shafaq Saleem, Safia Awan, Saba Zaidi, Manzoor Lakhair, Fahad Saleem, Waleed Shahzad, Ahmed Wali

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective:

Headache disorders represent some of the most prevalent neurological conditions worldwide. While community-based

studies provide general prevalence, data on their diagnostic spectrum in specialized clinical settings in Pakistan remain

limited. The objective of this multicenter study was to evaluate the demographic distribution and spectrum of headache

disorders among patients presenting to neurological services across Pakistan.

Methods:

This cross-sectional observational study was carried out at 39 neurology centers across Pakistan, from August 2017

to December 2019. Diagnosis was made using International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition

(ICHD-3). Demographic details, and headache subtypes were compared across gender and …

Electrophysiological Localization And Prognostic Indicators In Radial Neuropathy Presenting As Wrist Drop: A Three-Year Retrospective Observational Study, Assad Ullah Khan, Muhammad Farooq, Saad Ali, Sadiq Ali Shah

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective:

Radial neuropathy is a common cause of wrist drop, and accurate lesion localization is essential for appropriate

management and prognostication. The objective of this study was to analyze electrophysiological localization patterns

of radial nerve lesions presenting as wrist drop and to assess whether earlier referral for electrophysiological evaluation

was associated with recovery outcomes.

Methods:

This retrospective observational study was conducted at Lady Reading Hospital Peshawar, a tertiary care setting, over

a three-year period (January 2022–December 2024). Adult patients with wrist drop and electrophysiological confirmed

radial neuropathy were included. Nerve conduction studies and needle electromyography were used to …

Visual And Brainstem Evoked Potentials: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Audit From A Tertiary Care Hospital In Pakistan, Zuha Amin Alvi, Sundus Mehtab Shafee, Zahra Talib Shah, Dureshahwar Kanwar, Sajid Hameed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective:

Visual and brainstem auditory evoked potentials (VEPs and BAEPs) are standard techniques for evaluating the integrity of visual and auditory pathways respectively. The objective of our audit study was to assess demographic trends,referral indications, and electrophysiological outcomes of patients undergoing VEP and BAEP testing in a tertiary care neurophysiology laboratory in Pakistan.

Methods:

A retrospective, cross-sectional audit was conducted of 952 patient records (VEP, n=219; BAEP, n=733) over a three-year period from neurophysiology laboratory of Aga Khan University Hospital. Demographic characteristics,clinical referral indications, and electrophysiological findings were collected. Standard ACNS guidelines were used for all recordings. Statistical …

Subacute Sclerosing Panencephalitis In A 24-Month-Old Child: A Rare Early Onset And Alarming Presentation, Arshad Mehmood, Javeria Raza Alvi, Sameen Qureshi, Ahmed Bilal, Shaila Ali, Tipu Sultan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a rare, progressive, and fatal neurodegenerative disorder caused by persistent measles virus infection. Early-onset SSPE in children under five years is uncommon but often rapidly progressive. We report a 24-month-old unvaccinated male who presented with progressive myoclonic seizures, gait difficulty, and rapid neurodevelopmental regression. Electroencephalography (EEG) showed periodic generalized discharges, and CSF measles antibody titers were elevated, fulfilling modified Dyken criteria. The child was classified as stage III SSPE. Symptomatic therapy including anti-seizure medications and supportive care, along with a planned ketogenic diet, was initiated but neurological outcome remained poor. This case emphasizes the aggressive …

Challenges Of Neurological Care In A Public Sector Hospital In Pakistan, Anila Umer

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Lack Of Multidisciplinary Collaboration In Stroke Rehabilitation In Pakistan: A Call For Integrated Care Models, Etisam Wahid, Shahzad Ahmad, Nimrah Humayoon

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Corrigendum: Correction Of Second Author’S Name And Affiliation In “Chorea As A Rare Manifestation Of Neuropsychiatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Case Report”, Editor Pjns

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Blood- Borne Biomarkers: Exploring The Frontiers Of Minimally-Invasive Diagnosis Of Alzheimer’S Disease, Sidra Afzal, Minahil Fatima, Nimra Afzal

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Neurology Residency Training In Pakistan: Current Status And Future, Bashir Soomro

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

No abstract provided.

Alarming Rate Of Hemorrhagic Stroke Showing An Urgent Need For Hypertension Control: A Retrospective Study From A Major Stroke Center In Sindh, Sana Ghous, Muhammad Hashim Kalwar, Muhammad Hassan Butt, Irfan Ali Vighio, Mehfooz Ali Shah, Javed Khurshed Shaikh, Mansoor Hassan

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and Objective:

Hemorrhagic stroke accounts for approximately 18–20% of the global stroke burden and is associated with high mortality and disability. It poses a significant challenge in low- and middle-income countries, where delayed presentation and inadequate risk factor control worsen outcomes. Hypertension remains the most important modifiable risk factor, particularly when poorly controlled. The objective of this study was to investigate the incidence of hemorrhagic stroke at a major stroke center and its association with uncontrolled hypertension.

Methods:

This retrospective study was conducted at Sindh institute of cardiovascular diseases (SICVD) Sukkur over three months, from May to July 2024. …

A Retrospective Analysis Of Relapse Rates And Medication Compliance In Bipolar I And Bipolar Ii Disorders: A Comparative Study, Nasir Mehmood, Qudsia Tariq

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Background and objective:

Bipolar disorder is a chronic, serious mental health condition characterized by mood episodes, and medication non-compliance is a significant predictor of relapse. The objective of this study was to investigate the relapse rates and medication compliance in patients with bipolar I and II disorders.

Methods:

This retrospective observational study was conducted at Karwan-e-Hayat Institute for Mental Health Care, Karachi, Pakistan. Medical records of 377 patients diagnosed with bipolar I or bipolar II disorder between July 2019 and June 2022 were retrieved from the Hospital Management System (HMS). Diagnosis was confirmed using DSM-IV criteria. Medication compliance was assessed …