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Articles 151 - 162 of 162
Full-Text Articles in Neurology
A Therapeutic Approach For Senile Dementias: Neuroangiogenesis, Charles T. Ambrose
A Therapeutic Approach For Senile Dementias: Neuroangiogenesis, Charles T. Ambrose
Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications
Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related senile dementias (SDs) represent a growing medical and economic crisis in this country. Apart from cautioning persons about risk factors, no practical, effective therapy is currently available. Much of the recent research in AD has been based on the amyloid cascade theory. Another approach assumes a vascular basis for SDs. This paper presents evidence from a score of studies that cerebral capillary density (CCD) declines during old age in animals and people as well as in AD. Neuroangiogenic (NAG) factors initiate and maintain capillaries in the brain. Thus a waning level of these factors and …
Generation And Behavior Characterization Of Camkiiβ Knockout Mice, Adam D. Bachstetter, Scott J. Webster, Tao Tu, Danielle S. Goulding, Jacques Haiech, D. Martin Watterson, Linda J. Van Eldik
Generation And Behavior Characterization Of Camkiiβ Knockout Mice, Adam D. Bachstetter, Scott J. Webster, Tao Tu, Danielle S. Goulding, Jacques Haiech, D. Martin Watterson, Linda J. Van Eldik
Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications
The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII) is abundant in the brain, where it makes important contributions to synaptic organization and homeostasis, including playing an essential role in synaptic plasticity and memory. Four genes encode isoforms of CaMKII (α, β, δ, γ), with CaMKIIα and CaMKIIβ highly expressed in the brain. Decades of molecular and cellular research, as well as the use of a large number of CaMKIIα mutant mouse lines, have provided insight into the pivotal roles of CaMKIIα in brain plasticity and cognition. However, less is known about the CaMKIIβ isoform. We report the development and extensive behavioral and …
Quantitative Ultrasound: Measurement Considerations For The Assessment Of Muscular Dystrophy And Sarcopenia, Michael O. Harris-Love, Reza Monfaredi, Catheeja Ismail, Marc R. Blackman, Kevin Cleary
Quantitative Ultrasound: Measurement Considerations For The Assessment Of Muscular Dystrophy And Sarcopenia, Michael O. Harris-Love, Reza Monfaredi, Catheeja Ismail, Marc R. Blackman, Kevin Cleary
Exercise and Nutrition Sciences Faculty Publications
Diagnostic musculoskeletal ultrasound has potential clinical utility in characterizing pathological muscle tissue. Sonography has been long proposed as method of assessing muscle damage due to neuromuscular diseases such as muscular dystrophy, and more recently, changes in body and tissue composition associated with muscle wasting disorders such as sarcopenia. The use of quantitative ultrasound as an adjunct diagnostic procedure has different technical challenges than the traditional use of ultrasound in clinical medicine. Operator-dependent technique and variation are critical considerations when obtaining measures of echointensity (i.e., tissue composition estimates) and tissue dimensions (i.e., muscle thickness) – key elements of the ultrasound assessment …
Frontal White Matter Integrity In Adults With Down Syndrome With And Without Dementia, David K. Powell, Allison Caban-Holt, Greg A. Jicha, William C. Robertson, Roberta Davis, Brian T. Gold, Frederick A. Schmitt, Elizabeth Head
Frontal White Matter Integrity In Adults With Down Syndrome With And Without Dementia, David K. Powell, Allison Caban-Holt, Greg A. Jicha, William C. Robertson, Roberta Davis, Brian T. Gold, Frederick A. Schmitt, Elizabeth Head
Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy Center Faculty Publications
Adults with Down syndrome (DS) are at high risk for developing Alzheimer's disease after the age of 40 years. To detect white matter (WM) changes in the brain linked to dementia, fractional anisotropy (FA) from diffusion tensor imaging was used. We hypothesized that adults with DS without dementia (DS n = 10), DS with dementia (DSAD n = 10) and age matched non-DS subjects (CTL n = 10) would show differential levels of FA and an association with scores from the Brief Praxis Test and the Severe Impairment Battery. WM integrity differences in DS compared with CTL were found predominantly …
Expression Of Mir-15/107 Family Micrornas In Human Tissues And Cultured Rat Brain Cells, Wang-Xia Wang, Robert J. Danaher, Craig S. Miller, Joseph R. Berger, Vega G. Nubia, Bernard R. Wilfred, Janna H. Neltner, Christopher M. Norris, Peter T. Nelson
Expression Of Mir-15/107 Family Micrornas In Human Tissues And Cultured Rat Brain Cells, Wang-Xia Wang, Robert J. Danaher, Craig S. Miller, Joseph R. Berger, Vega G. Nubia, Bernard R. Wilfred, Janna H. Neltner, Christopher M. Norris, Peter T. Nelson
Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications
The miR-15/107 family comprises a group of 10 paralogous microRNAs (miRNAs), sharing a 5' AGCAGC sequence. These miRNAs have overlapping targets. In order to characterize the expression of miR-15/107 family miRNAs, we employed customized TaqMan Low-Density micro-fluid PCR-array to investigate the expression of miR-15/107 family members, and other selected miRNAs, in 11 human tissues obtained at autopsy including the cerebral cortex, frontal cortex, primary visual cortex, thalamus, heart, lung, liver, kidney, spleen, stomach and skeletal muscle. miR-103, miR-195 and miR-497 were expressed at similar levels across various tissues, whereas miR-107 is enriched in brain samples. We also examined the expression …
Three‐Dimensional Brain Mri For Dbs Patients Within Ultra‐Low Radiofrequency Power Limits, Subhendra N. Sarkar, Efstathios Papavassiliou, David Hackney, David Alsop, Ananth Madhuranthakam, Ludy Shih, Reed Busse, Susan Laruche, Rafeeque Bhadelia
Three‐Dimensional Brain Mri For Dbs Patients Within Ultra‐Low Radiofrequency Power Limits, Subhendra N. Sarkar, Efstathios Papavassiliou, David Hackney, David Alsop, Ananth Madhuranthakam, Ludy Shih, Reed Busse, Susan Laruche, Rafeeque Bhadelia
Publications and Research
Background: For patients with deep brain stimulators (DBS), local absorbed radiofrequency (RF) power is unknown and is much higher than what the system estimates. We developed a comprehensive, highquality brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol for DBS patients utilizing three-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance sequences at very low RF power. Methods: Six patients with DBS were imaged (10 sessions) using a transmit/receive head coil at 1.5 Tesla with modified 3D sequences within ultra-low specific absorption rate (SAR) limits (0.1 W/kg) using T2, fast fluid-attenuated inversion recovery (FLAIR) and T1- weighted image contrast. Tissue signal and tissue contrast from the low-SAR images …
Lifelong Bilingualism Maintains Neural Efficiency For Cognitive Control In Aging, Brian T. Gold, Chobok Kim, Nathan F. Johnson, Richard J. Kryscio, Charles D. Smith
Lifelong Bilingualism Maintains Neural Efficiency For Cognitive Control In Aging, Brian T. Gold, Chobok Kim, Nathan F. Johnson, Richard J. Kryscio, Charles D. Smith
Neuroscience Faculty Publications
Recent behavioral data have shown that lifelong bilingualism can maintain youthful cognitive control abilities in aging. Here, we provide the first direct evidence of a neural basis for the bilingual cognitive control boost in aging. Two experiments were conducted, using a perceptual task-switching paradigm, including a total of 110 participants. In Experiment 1, older adult bilinguals showed better perceptual switching performance than their monolingual peers. In Experiment 2, younger and older adult monolinguals and bilinguals completed the same perceptual task-switching experiment while functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was performed. Typical age-related performance reductions and fMRI activation increases were observed. However, …
Neuroangiogenesis: A Vascular Basis For Alzheimer's Disease And Cognitive Decline During Aging, Charles T. Ambrose
Neuroangiogenesis: A Vascular Basis For Alzheimer's Disease And Cognitive Decline During Aging, Charles T. Ambrose
Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics Faculty Publications
Angiogenesis directs development of the brain's microcirculation during antenatal and postnatal development, but its role later in life is less well recognized. I contend that during senescence a reduced cerebral capillary density accounts in part for the vascular cognitive impairment observed in many older persons and possibly for some forms of Alzheimer's disease. I propose that neuroangiogenesis is essential throughout adult life for maintaining the microcirculation of the cerebral cortex and elsewhere in the brain and that it commonly declines with old age. To support this hypothesis I have examined the neurological literature for relevant studies on cerebral capillary density …
Ct Scanning Is Sufficient To Clear The Cervical Spine Of Elderly Falls Less Than 5 Feet., Douglas Lehman Md, Rovinder S. Sandhu Md, Leslie Baga Bsn, Farheen Hussain Ms, John J. Hong Md
Ct Scanning Is Sufficient To Clear The Cervical Spine Of Elderly Falls Less Than 5 Feet., Douglas Lehman Md, Rovinder S. Sandhu Md, Leslie Baga Bsn, Farheen Hussain Ms, John J. Hong Md
Administration & Leadership
No abstract provided.
Molecular Cross Talk Between Misfolded Proteins In Animal Models Of Alzheimer's And Prion Diseases, Rodrigo Morales, Lisbell D Estrada, Rodrigo Diaz-Espinoza, Diego Morales-Scheihing, Maria C Jara, Joaquin Castilla, Claudio Soto
Molecular Cross Talk Between Misfolded Proteins In Animal Models Of Alzheimer's And Prion Diseases, Rodrigo Morales, Lisbell D Estrada, Rodrigo Diaz-Espinoza, Diego Morales-Scheihing, Maria C Jara, Joaquin Castilla, Claudio Soto
Faculty, Staff and Student Publications
The central event in protein misfolding disorders (PMDs) is the accumulation of a misfolded form of a naturally expressed protein. Despite the diversity of clinical symptoms associated with different PMDs, many similarities in their mechanism suggest that distinct pathologies may cross talk at the molecular level. The main goal of this study was to analyze the interaction of the protein misfolding processes implicated in Alzheimer's and prion diseases. For this purpose, we inoculated prions in an Alzheimer's transgenic mouse model that develop typical amyloid plaques and followed the progression of pathological changes over time. Our findings show a dramatic acceleration …
Caring For People With Alzheimer's Disease Or Dementia In Maine, Stuart Bratesman Mpp, Julie T. Fralich Mba, Catherine Mcguire Bs, Louise Olsen, Romaine Turyn
Caring For People With Alzheimer's Disease Or Dementia In Maine, Stuart Bratesman Mpp, Julie T. Fralich Mba, Catherine Mcguire Bs, Louise Olsen, Romaine Turyn
Disability & Aging
It is clear that caring for people with Alzheimer’s disease and dementia is a growing public health issue. Alzheimer’s is a progressively deteriorating disease that can last anywhere from 1 to 15 years. Families are the primary caregivers and will continue to need support to manage the care of their loved ones, to coordinate services within the long term care system and to maintain their own health and well-being.
Art Therapy And Sensory Stimulation To Decrease Agitation: A Pilot Study, Leslie Cristen Lavergne
Art Therapy And Sensory Stimulation To Decrease Agitation: A Pilot Study, Leslie Cristen Lavergne
EVMS School of Health Professions Theses & Dissertations
Dementia affects 1% of older adults in America between the ages of 65 and 74 years, and increases to 10% in those 85 years and older. The cognitive and behavioral symptoms of dementia may restrict an individuals ability to perform activities of daily living, such as self-care, memory, and language. The literature supports the premise that individuals who have dementia can benefit from a treatment approach that focuses on medication regulation, as well as mental stimulation. This study was an art therapy and sensory stimulation intervention designed to reduce agitation, a common non-cognitive symptom of dementia. This study included five …