Internal Medicine Commons^™

Anesthetic Drugs And Cancer Progression, Juan P Cata, Anil K Sood, Holger K Eltzschig

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Reorganising For Covid-19 Pandemic: A Review Of Structural Modifications By The Department Of Internal Medicine In Low To Middle-Income Countries, Shakeel Ur Rehman, Muhammad Arslan Ahmed, Ghufran Adnan, Maria Ali Khan

Department of Medicine

Scientists classified the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a novel coronavirus on January 7, 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledged the SARS-CoV-2 outburst a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. Since its origin, this virus has disrupted the best healthcare systems, economies, and strained financial resources; and for underdeveloped countries' healthcare systems, the virus has become a crisis. To tackle the potential hazards from this virus, our Department restructured the services that not only helped us to cope with the pandemic, but also provided an example to copy for other contemporary institutes. …

Adakah Perubahan Kesintasan Karsinoma Sel Hati Di Indonesia?, Chyntia Olivia Maurine Jasirwan

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

No abstract provided.

The Association Between Degree Of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy With Ankle Brachial Index, Toe Brachial Index, And Transcutaneus Partial Oxygen Pressure In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Taufik Rizkian Asir, Dono Antono, Em Yunir, Hamzah Shatri

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in the lower extremity caused by complications of diabetes in the microvascular which can damage nerve in the lower extremity. Then, it is necessary to be aware of the process of aterosclerosis elsewhere, both in the macro and microvascular arteries in the lower extremity. This study was conducted to assess the association of the degree of diabetic peripheral neuropathy assessed by Toronto clinical scoring system (TCSS) with the process of atherosclerosis in the blood vessels of the lower extremity, both macrovascular with ankle brachial index (ABI) and toe brachial index (TBI), as well as microvascular …

Liver Function And Treatment Modalities Are Predictors Of Survival In Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Irsan Hasan, Imelda Maria Loho, Cosmas Rinaldi Lesmana, Rino A. Gani

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a major health problem in Indonesia because most patients are diagnosed in late stages when curative treatment is no longer possible. The aim of this study is to evaluate one-year survival rate, prognostic factors, and treatment modalities of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods. A retrospective analysis was done in patients with HCC who were admitted to Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital (CMGH) between January 2013 and March 2014. Clinical parameters and treatment modalities were evaluated. Patients outcome at one-year of follow-up were recorded from medical records or patients were contacted by phone call. Survival curve was …

Factor Related To The Incidence Of Ascites In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis At Rsud Dr Moewardi Surakarta: A Cross Sectional Study, Felizia Alika Yusman, Ratih Tri Kusuma Dewi, Yusuf Ari Mashuri, Evi Nurhayatun, Maia Thalia Giani

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health issue with continuously rising prevalence. Fluid overload is a frequent systemic complication which occurs in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD). One of clinical manifestation of fluid overload in HD patients is ascites. This study aimed to determine the factors related to the incidence of ascites in CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis. Methods. An observational analytic study with a cross-sectional approach was conducted at Dr. Moewardi Hospital, Surakarta from September until October 2019. The subjects were end-stage CKD patients undergoing HD. Subjects were selected by total sampling technique. Data were obtained from medical …

Prognosic Factors Related To The Complete Hematologic Response (Chr) In 3 Months In Leukemia Granulositic Patients Administered With Imatinib Mesylate, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Arry H. Reksodiputro

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. The complete hematologic response is an integral part to achieve the complete cytogenetic response target and the major molecular response of imatinib mesylate therapy, although it does not determine the prognosis. The complete hematologic response in Indonesia is lower than in the world (74% vs. 95%). Sixty percent of chronic myeloid leukemia patients in Indonesia were administered hydroxyurea before imatinib mesylate. Chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) patients in Indonesia are younger than in other countries. This study aimed to determine what prognostic factors which affect the complete hematological response of chronic phase CML patients who received imatinib mesylate in Indonesia. …

Exogenous Cushing Syndrome: When Do We Get The Benefit Of Glucocorticoid Stress Dose?, Soebagijo Adi Soelistijo, Hendra Gunawan, Chandra Adi Irawan Primasatya, Audy Meutia Ariana, Sony Wibisono Mudjanarko, Agung Pranoto

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Exogenous cushing syndrome is the most common cushing syndrome found in clinical practice. Its most frequent etiology is the adverse effect of glucocorticoid therapy found in clinical practice or in the form of traditional medicine. The clinical manifestations of exogenous cushing syndrome are similar to the spontaneous counterpart, albeit with the presence of glucocorticoid consumption. We present a case series of exogenous cushing syndrome due to traditional medicine and glucocorticoid consumption with opportunistic infection as its initial manifestation. The first case did not need glucocorticoid supplementation while it was initiated in the second case. Comprehensive management of exogenous cushing syndrome …

The Association Between Academic-Induced Stress With An Incident Of Dyspepsia On Grade Xii Natural Science Majors At 81 Senior High School East Jakarta In 2019, Lamya Hisyam Tamimi, Ryan Herardi, Sri Wahyuningsih

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Dyspepsia is a group of symptoms that are assumed to have it’s source from the upper digestive tract. However, one of the main causes of dyspepsia in adolescent is psychosocial, including stress. Stress in adolescent are commonly academic-induced. This study was aimed to observe the association between the level of academic-induced stress with an incident of dyspepsia, particularly of students who are in grade XII and major in natural sciences. Methods. This cross sectional study was conducted at 81 Senior High School East Jakarta using educational stress scale for adolescents (ESSA) questionnaire dan Short form-Leeds to dyspepsia questionnare (SF-LDQ). …

Five Year Survival Of Active Multiple Myeloma Patients Based On Durie-Salmon And International Myeloma Working Group 2003 Diagnostic Criteria, Sri Agustini Kurniawati, Ary Harryanto Reksodiputro, Tubagus Djumhana Atmakusuma

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

Introduction. Survival of active multiple myeloma (MM) patients is determined by early diagnosis and various prognostic factors. The development of MM diagnostic criteria from Durie-Salmon (DS) criteria to International Myeloma Working Group (IMWG) 2003 is an attempt to diagnose active MM earlier. However, due to limited resources, these diagnostic criteria cannot be fulfilled consistently in Indonesia. Based on this reason, it is necessary to know the proportion of MM based on DS and IMWG 2003 diagnostic criteria and also their impact on the survival of MM patients in Indonesia. Methods. This was a retrospective cohort study with survival analysis. Subjects …

The Role Of Continous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis In Equity Of Kidney Replacement Therapy In Indonesia, Aida Lydia

Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia

With the increasing incidence of chronic kidney disease in Indonesia, an effective, sustainable and widely available kidney replacement therapy (KRT) is needed. PD is one of the available modalities that can meet those criteria. To date, out of the two existing types of PD, only continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) is available in our country. Studies showed that residual kidney function is preserved better in CAPD patients compared to HD patients. With the use of CAPD as KRT, patients can do dialysis independently. Hence, it can be solution to the limitations and the difficulty of reaching HD units especially in …

Carbamazepine-Induced Dress Syndrome: A Case Report, Andrada Luciana Lazar, Olga Hilda Orășan, Corina Baican, Nicolae Voicu Rednic, Adela Sitar-Tăut, Bogdan Man, Vasile Negrean, Nicolae Rednic, Angela Cozma

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Drug reaction with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms (DRESS) syndrome is a potentially life-threatening, idiosyncratic, acute adverse drug reaction. Fever, morbilliform cutaneous eruption, and eosinophilia are essential features for the diagnosis of this syndrome, along with significant multisystem involvement, hepatitis being the most common, followed by nephritis. The pathogenesis of DRESS syndrome is not yet fully understood. Several hypotheses have been proposed which support the involvement of an intricate interplay of multiple factors. We report a clinical case of DRESS syndrome with renal injury, induced by carbamazepine, in a patient with alcohol abstinence syndrome. In order to define the case, the …

When Myocardial Infarction Is Choosing Young Victims, Cristina Nedelcu, Mihaela Ionescu, Paris Ionescu, Vitalie Morosanu, Gabriel Smarandache, Dumitru Cristinel Badiu, Florentina Gherghiceanu, Vlad Denis Constantin, Emanuele Maria Merlo, Daniel Niţă

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

We present the case of a 31-year-old patient, without cardiovascular risk factors, without significant pathological or family history of cardiovascular disease, who was diagnosed with severe coronary artery disease, left main bifurcation localization, which required surgical coronary revascularization. The angiographic and intraoperative aspect excluded the most common causes of non-atherosclerotic causes of coronary lesions. Vasculitis was another possible etiology but was also excluded based on the normal clinical examination, negative inflammation markers, lack of diffuse vascular impairment, TPHA and negative VDRL. Prolonged mental stress can lead to accelerated progression of atherosclerosis by inducing endothelial dysfunction, our patient describing a “burnout …

Intestinal Microbiota – A Possible Contributor To Cardiovascular Diseases?, Roua Iorga, Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman, Camelia Cristina Diaconu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The intestinal microbiota represents an interesting and emergent field of research, with already known implications in metabolic and immunological functions. Recently, there is increasing evidence that specific gut microbial populations are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Numerous completed and ongoing studies aim to evaluate the potential of intestinal microbiota assessment to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic arsenal of cardiovascular diseases, considering dysbiosis as a cardiovascular risk factor. There is strong evidence for a correlation between intestinal flora imbalance and metabolic changes secondary to bacterial metabolites. In this minireview, we discuss recent data about the connections between intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular …

Composition And Modification Of The Lung Microbiome In Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Victoria Maria Ruta, Teodora Gabriela Alexescu, Ana Rodica Ungur, Milena Adina Man, Victoria Georgiana Sfirlea, Iulia Olimpia Pfingstgraf, Nicoleta Motoc, Carmen Monica Pop

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Lungs have long been considered sterile, but recent research has shown that a large number of microbiological organisms exist in the lungs of healthy subjects (including bacteria, fungi, and viruses), collectively known as the microbiome. It undergoes changes in patients with respiratory pathology. Studies in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis show that a large number of bacteria or the abundant presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria can cause disease progression and exacerbation, and can implicitly increase mortality. There seems to be a quantitative balance, a well-established proportion between the components of this microbiome, which is disturbed during a disease and can reach a …

Elevated Serum Il-21 Levels Are Associated With Stable Immune Status In Kidney Transplant Recipients And A Mouse Model Of Kidney Transplantation, Luying Guo, Junhao Lv, Jian Zhang, Hao Deng, Shi Feng, Shuaihui Liu, Pengpeng Yan, Jingyi Zhou, Hui Chen, Meifang Wang, Qin Zhou, Huiping Wang, Jianghua Chen, Yu Kuang, Jia Shen, Rendwing Wang

School of Medicine Faculty Research

Allograft rejection after renal transplantation remains a challenge to overcome. Interleukin (IL)-21, a cytokine with pleiotropic effects, maintains immune homeostasis post-transplantation. Here, we report higher levels of IL-21 in kidney transplant recipients with non-rejection (NR) than in recipients with T cell-mediated rejection (TCMR, P < 0.001) and antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR, P = 0.005). We observed a negative correlation between IL-21 and creatinine (Cr) levels (P = 0.016). The receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed a promising diagnostic value of IL-21 to identify acute rejection with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.822 (P < 0.001). In contrast, exogenous administration of IL-21 accelerated acute rejection in a comparative translational kidney transplant (KT) mouse model. Reduced IL-21 levels in the peripheral blood were observed in KT mice after IL-21 injection. Further analysis revealed that increased IL-21 levels in the spleen induced proliferation of CD4+ T cells and CD19+ B cells after IL-21 treatment. Our findings suggest a critical function of IL-21 in kidney transplantation and the potential involvement of the IL-21/IL-21R pathway in acute rejection management.

Estrogen/Progesterone Receptor And Her2 Discordance Between Primary Tumor And Brain Metastases In Breast Cancer And Its Effect On Treatment And Survival, Paul W Sperduto, Shane Mesko, Jing Li, Daniel Cagney, Ayal Aizer, Nancy U Lin, Eric Nesbit, Tim J Kruser, Jason Chan, Steve Braunstein, Jessica Lee, John P Kirkpatrick, Will Breen, Paul D Brown, Diana Shi, Helen A Shih, Hany Soliman, Arjun Sahgal, Ryan Shanley, William Sperduto, Emil Lou, Ashlyn Everett, Drexell Hunter Boggs, Laura Masucci, David Roberge, Jill Remick, Kristin Plichta, John M Buatti, Supriya Jain, Laurie E Gaspar, Cheng-Chia Wu, Tony J C Wang, John Bryant, Michael Chuong, James Yu, Veronica Chiang, Toshimichi Nakano, Hidefumi Aoyama, Minesh P Mehta

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Breast cancer treatment is based on estrogen receptors (ERs), progesterone receptors (PRs), and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2). At the time of metastasis, receptor status can be discordant from that at initial diagnosis. The purpose of this study was to determine the incidence of discordance and its effect on survival and subsequent treatment in patients with breast cancer brain metastases (BCBM).

METHODS: A retrospective database of 316 patients who underwent craniotomy for BCBM between 2006 and 2017 was created. Discordance was considered present if the ER, PR, or HER2 status differed between the primary tumor and the …

Bad Blood: A Case Of Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia, Amogh M. Joshi Do, Kevin J. Hess Do, Zeeshan Ali Md, Nicholas Lamparella Do

Department of Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Awareness Of Negative Pressure Pulmonary Edema In The Medical Intensive Care Unit., Qian Zhang, Jonathan Vayalumkal, John Ricely, Sarah Elrod, Ahmad Raza

Abington Jefferson Health Papers

Negative pressure pulmonary edema (NPPE) is a noncardiogenic-related rapid onset of bilateral pulmonary edema secondary to various etiologies that lead to upper airway obstruction. Despite the fact that it is more commonly seen in the emergency department (ED), pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), there is a lower disease prevalence in the medical intensive care unit (MICU) as it sometimes could be overlooked upon. Prompt treatment often leads to favorable clinical outcomes. We detail a 55-year-old lady with a past medical history of nephrolithiasis, obesity, and obstructive sleep apnea presented with right flank pain due …

Immune-Related Gene Expression And Cytokine Secretion Is Reduced Among African American Colon Cancer Patients, Jenny Paredes, Jovanny Zabaleta, Jone Garai, Ping Ji, Sayed Imtiaz, Marzia Spagnardi, Joussette Alvarado, Li Li, Mubarak Akadri, Kaylene Barrera, Maria Munoz-Sagastibelza, Raavi Gupta, Mohamed Alshal, Maksim Agaronov, Henry Talus, Xuefeng Wang, John M. Carethers, Jennie L. Williams, Laura A. Martello

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Colorectal cancer is the third most deadly cancer among African Americans (AA). When compared to Caucasian Americans (CA), AA present with more advanced disease and lower survival rates. Here, we investigated if differences in tumor immunology could be contributive to disparities observed between these populations. Methods: We examined gene expression of tumor and non-tumor adjacent tissues from AA and CA by whole transcriptome sequencing, and generated scores for immune cell populations by NanoString. In addition, we utilized “The Cancer Genome Atlas” (TCGA) database from AA and CA as a validation cohort. Finally, we measured the secretion of cytokines characteristic …

Which Internal Medicine Clerkship Characteristics Are Associated With Students' Performance On The Nbme Medicine Subject Exam? A Multi-Institutional Analysis., Matthew M. Fitz, William Adams, Steven A. Haist, Karen E. Hauer, Linette P. Ross, Amanda Raff, Gauri Agarwal, T. Robert Vu, Jonathan Appelbaum, Valerie J. Lang, Chad Miller, Cyril Grum, Mark Fagan, Jennifer Foster, Hilary F. Ryder, Bruce Houghton, Ryan Nall, Amy Shaheen, Michael Elnicki, Anna Donovan, Stuart Kiken, Cynthia Ledford, Shobhina Chheda, Doug Paauw, Blake Barker, Maureen Lowery, Nina Mingioni, Deepti Rao, William Kelly

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

PURPOSE: To identify which internal medicine clerkship characteristics may relate to NBME Medicine Subject Examination scores, given the growing trend toward earlier clerkship start dates.

METHOD: The authors used linear mixed effects models (univariable and multivariable) to determine associations between medicine exam performance and clerkship characteristics (longitudinal status, clerkship length, academic start month, ambulatory clinical experience, presence of a study day, involvement in a combined clerkship, preclinical curriculum type, medicine exam timing). Additional covariates included number of NBME clinical subject exams used, number of didactic hours, use of a criterion score for passing the medicine exam, whether medicine exam performance …

Building Focused Cardiac Ultrasound Capacity In A Lower Middle-Income Country: A Single Centre Study To Assess Training Impact, Wangari Siika, Anders Barasa, Benjamin Wachira, David Nekyon, Barbara Karau, Fatimah Juma, Grace Wanjiku, Harun Otieno, Gerald S. Bloomfield, Erik Sloth

Anaesthesiology, East Africa

Background: In low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where echocardiography experts are in short supply, training non-cardiologists to perform Focused Cardiac Ultrasound (FoCUS) could minimise diagnostic delays in time-critical emergencies. Despite advocacy for FoCUS training however, opportunities in LMICs are limited, and the impact of existing curricula uncertain. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of FoCUS training based on the Focus Assessed Transthoracic Echocardiography (FATE) curriculum. Our primary objective was to assess knowledge gain. Secondary objectives were to evaluate novice FoCUS image quality, assess inter-rater agreement between expert and novice FoCUS and identify barriers to the establishment …

Long Noncoding Rna H19x Is A Key Mediator Of Tgf-Β-Driven Fibrosi, Elena Pachera, Shervin Assassi, Gloria A Salazar, Mara Stellato, Florian Renoux, Adam Wunderlin, Przemyslaw Blyszczuk, Robert Lafyatis, Fina Kurreeman, Jeska De Vries-Bouwstra, Tobias Messemaker, Carol A Feghali-Bostwick, Gerhard Rogler, Wouter T Van Haaften, Gerard Dijkstra, Fiona Oakley, Maurizio Calcagni, Janine Schniering, Britta Maurer, Jörg Hw Distler, Gabriela Kania, Mojca Frank-Bertoncelj, Oliver Distler

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

TGF-β is a master regulator of fibrosis, driving the differentiation of fibroblasts into apoptosis-resistant myofibroblasts and sustaining the production of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Here, we identified the nuclear long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) H19X as a master regulator of TGF-β-driven tissue fibrosis. H19X was consistently upregulated in a wide variety of human fibrotic tissues and diseases and was strongly induced by TGF-β, particularly in fibroblasts and fibroblast-related cells. Functional experiments following H19X silencing revealed that H19X was an obligatory factor for TGF-β-induced ECM synthesis as well as differentiation and survival of ECM-producing myofibroblasts. We showed that H19X regulates DDIT4L gene …

Inadvertent Stone Migration During Pneumatic Lithotripsy: Still A Conundrum In The 21st Century, Ali Akbar Zehri, Miten Patel, Philip Adebayo, Authar Ali

General Surgery, East Africa

Currently, an ideal gadget to stop retrograde stone migration remains a holy grail, and the hunt for such a device is still ongoing in the 21st century. The quest for an ideal instrument is driven by the need to reduce cost, minimize ancillary procedure rates, reduce the device's operative time, and improve the stone-free rate. The purpose of the present review is to provide an update on the use of preventive measures that are used to stop retrograde stone migration during pneumatic lithotripsy for ureteric stone management.

Postinfectious Cerebellar Syndrome With Paraneoplastic Antibodies: An Association Or Coincidence?, Sajid Hameed, Mukesh Kumar, Pal Satyajit Singh Athwal, Sukhmanii Kahlon, Nimit Dalal

Section of Neurology

Cerebellar ataxia has a very broad differential diagnosis in adults, including paraneoplastic and postinfectious etiologies. We report a case of a 56-year-old male presented with right-sided cerebellar dysfunction preceded by fever and headache. He was diagnosed with subacute postinfectious cerebellar ataxia. Blood serology showed the presence of anti-amphiphysin and anti-Ri (ANNA-2, antineuronal nuclear autoantibody type 2) antibodies, which have a known association with cerebellar syndrome. The patient subsequently improved with the steroids. Although no evidence of an underlying tumor was found in the patient, the presence of the paraneoplastic antibodies remains a mystery. We suggest a probable association of these …

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Utility In Postpartum Patients, Bindu Akkanti, Ismael A Salas De Armas, Ayaaz K Sachedina, Jennifer M Sunny, Mahmoud Samy Ahmed, Avaleen Kaur, Kha T Dinh, Rahat Hussain, Sachin Kumar, Sriram Nathan, Marwan Jumean, Manish K Patel, Mehmet H Akay, Jayeshkumar A Patel, Barbi Witz, John Zaki, Igor Banjac, Lisa Janowiak, Igor D Gregoric, Biswajit Kar

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Although extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used in many different populations, its use in pregnant or postpartum patients has not been widely studied. This article reviews the ECMO experience in this population at a large urban hospital. Electronic medical records for all pregnant or postpartum patients who required ECMO between 2012 and 2019 were retrospectively reviewed. Data on clinical characteristics, outcomes, and complications were gathered. Comparisons between survivors and nonsurvivors were completed. Ten postpartum patients were identified. The patients presented as follows: four with cardiac arrest, one with a massive pulmonary embolism, three with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), …

Loss Of Uncoupling Protein 3 Attenuates Western Diet-Induced Obesity, Systemic Inflammation, And Insulin Resistance In Rats, Tyler M Lomax, Sadia Ashraf, Gizem Yilmaz, Romain Harmancey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial carrier related to fatty acid metabolism. Although gene variants of UCP3 are associated with human obesity, their contribution to increased adiposity remains unclear. This study investigated the impact that loss of UCP3 has on diet-induced obesity in rats.

METHODS: Male UCP3 knockout rats (ucp3

RESULTS: Loss of UCP3 decreased fat mass gain, white adipocytes size, and systemic inflammation. The ucp3

CONCLUSIONS: Loss of UCP3 partially protects rats from diet-induced obesity. This phenotype is related to induction of a compensatory antioxidant mechanism and prevention of iBAT whitening.

Flash Pulmonary Edema: A Case And Review Of Left Ventricular Non-Compaction Cardiomyopathy, Paula J. Watts, Oliver S. Garbo, Wendy Barrett, Michael Kopstein, Ryan Maybrook, Dmitriy Scherbak

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Left ventricular non-compaction cardiomyopathy is an uncommon type of cardiomyopathy caused by malformation of the myocardium during embryogenesis. This results in trabeculations within the ventricular wall that can affect the left and, less commonly, right ventricles. Presentation ranges from clinically asymptomatic to life-threatening arrhythmias. It is a rare and relatively unknown form of cardiomyopathy, though thought to be underdiagnosed. Prevalence is increasing due to improvements in imaging and awareness. Management is similar to that of other cardiomyopathies including angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers, beta-blockers, diuretics, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator placement and cardiac transplantation. We present a case of a …

Low Dose Clenbuterol Toxicity: Case Report And Review Of Literature, Kenneth Lan, Adarsh Saheba, Paul Mathew

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Clenbuterol is a long-acting β-agonist used in oral and inhaled form for asthma treatment outside the U.S. and in veterinary medicine within the U.S. It is also used off-label for anabolic effects worldwide. Toxicity with clenbuterol is increasingly seen in U.S. hospitals, primarily in younger individuals using the drug for competitive athletics or bodybuilding. We present a case of a young patient who presented after an intentional overdose and discuss the relevant literature. Presentations do not correlate with the dosage ingested. Signs and symptoms can range from simple nausea to myocardial ischemia, rhabdomyolysis and cardiogenic shock. Treatment of overdose is …

Substance Use Service Availability In Hiv Treatment Programs: Data From The Global Iedea Consortium, 2014-2015 And 2017, Angela M. Parcesepe, Kathryn Lancaster, E. Jennifer Edelman, Raquel Deboni, The Foundation For Aids Research, Bangkok, Thailand, Lukoye Atwoli

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Background: Substance use is common among people living with HIV and has been associated with suboptimal HIV treatment outcomes. Integrating substance use services into HIV care is a promising strategy to improve patient outcomes.

Methods: We report on substance use education, screening, and referral practices from two surveys of HIV care and treatment sites participating in the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS (IeDEA) consortium. HIV care and treatment sites participating in IeDEA are primarily public-sector health facilities and include both academic and community-based hospitals and health facilities. A total of 286 sites in 45 countries participated in the 2014–2015 …