Internal Medicine Commons^™

Ccl4 Functions As A Biomarker Of Type 2 Airway Inflammation, Yoshiki Kobayashi, Hanh Hong Chu, Akira Kanda, Yasutaka Yun, Masami Shimono, Linh Manh Nguyen, Akitoshi Mitani, Kensuke Suzuki, Mikiya Asako, Hiroshi Iwai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Eosinophilic airway inflammatory disease is associated with bronchial asthma, with eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis (ECRS) typical of refractory type 2 airway inflammation. CCL4 produced at local inflammatory sites is involved in them via the accumulation and activation of type 2 inflammatory cells, including eosinophils. The detailed mechanism of CCL4 production remains unclear, and also the possibility it could function as a biomarker of type 2 airway inflammation remains unresolved. In this study, we evaluated CCL4 mRNA expression and production via the TSLP receptor (TSLPR) and toll-like receptors (TLRs) or proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2) in BEAS-2B bronchial epithelial cells co-incubated with purified eosinophils …

Sirpα Mediates Igf1 Receptor In Cardiomyopathy-Induced By Chronic Kidney Disease, Sandhya S Thomas, Jiao Wu, Giovanni Davogustto, Michael W Holliday, Kristin Eckel-Mahan, Daniela Verzola, Giacomo Garibotto, Zhaoyong Hu, William E Mitch, Heinrich Taegtmeyer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is characterized by increased myocardial mass despite near-normal blood pressure, suggesting the presence of a separate trigger. A potential driver is SIRPα (signal regulatory protein alpha)-a mediator impairing insulin signaling. The objective of this study is to assess the role of circulating SIRPα in CKD-induced adverse cardiac remodeling.

METHODS: SIRPα expression was evaluated in mouse models and patients with CKD. Specifically, mutant, muscle-specific, or cardiac muscle-specific SIRPα KO (knockout) mice were examined after subtotal nephrectomy. Cardiac function was assessed by echocardiography. Metabolic responses were confirmed in cultured muscle cells or cardiomyocytes.

RESULTS: We demonstrate that …

Heart To Heart, Mom To Mom, Karis L. Tekwani

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

This essay describes the human connection forged between two young moms, one the physician and one the patient, when their paths collided one night in the emergency department of a busy hospital. It describes a challenging and most memorable care experience in the career of a young emergency physician, the clinical outcome, and the patient’s appreciative follow-up message years later.

Urticarial Rash In A Patient With Alpha-Gal Syndrome Caused By Subcutaneous Heparin At Prophylactic Dosing: A Case Report, Russell G. Behmer, Randolph S. Thomas, Hani T. Jarawan

Journal of Maine Medical Center

Introduction: We report a patient with a history of red meat allergy, or alpha-gal syndrome, who had an urticarial rash after exposure to unfractionated heparin at a dose typically used for prophylaxis of deep venous thrombosis. Although anaphylactic reactions have been reported with systemic intravenous heparin, we believe this case is the first report of an immunoglobulin E–mediated reaction to subcutaneous heparin at prophylactic dosing.

Clinical Findings: An 85-year-old male had a 3-year history of red meat allergy and was intolerant of pork and beef. He developed an immunoglobulin E–mediated allergic reaction to subcutaneous heparin at a dose of 5000 …

Echocardiographic Predictors Of Symptomatic Cardiotoxicity Among Patients Undergoing Chemotherapy: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Muhammad Umer Siddiqui, Youssef Yaacoub, Heidi-Anne Hanson, Joey Junarta, Ahmed K Pasha, Mahek Shah

Division of Internal Medicine Faculty Papers & Presentations

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapeutic agents have been associated with cardiotoxicity; thus, they require close monitoring. Several echocardiographic variables have been investigated as early predictors of symptomatic cardiotoxicity in patients undergoing chemotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: To identify if global longitudinal strain (GLS) is a better predictor of symptomatic cardiotoxicity compared to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in patients receiving chemotherapy.

METHODS: MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception through December 2020. Adults who developed symptomatic cardiotoxicity (New York Heart Association [NYHA] Class III-IV heart failure, cardiac arrest, or cardiac death) after undergoing chemotherapy with pre- and postchemotherapy echocardiographic measures …

Scholarly Activity In Residency: A Needs Assessment Of Challenges And Proposed Solutions, Jonathan Hall, Jana L. Wardian Phd, Jasmine R. Marcelin

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

Introduction

Resident physician participation in scholarly activity is associated with significant benefits ranging from trainees’ personal development to improved quality of patient care. Residency programs have taken varied approaches to improve resident engagement in scholarship, though interventions have demonstrated mixed results regarding objective measures of scholarly productivity. Concerns regarding waining interest in scholarship amongst internal medicine residents prompted a department-wide needs assessment to evaluate opportunities for scholarship and challenges preventing resident participation.

Methods

A web-based survey was developed and distributed to Department of Internal Medicine faculty and residents at the PGY2 level or higher and recent graduates within the last …

A Conserved Signal-Peptidase Antagonist Modulates Membrane Homeostasis Of Actinobacterial Sortase Critical For Surface Morphogenesis, Nicholas A Ramirez, Chenggang Wu, Chungyu Chang, Sara D Siegel, Asis Das, Hung Ton-That

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cell wall anchoring of surface proteins in Gram-positive bacteria requires a sortase enzyme. Here, we unveiled the hitherto unknown function of an evolutionarily conserved small transmembrane protein, named SafA, genetically linked to the housekeeping sortase in Actinobacteria. We show that Actinomyces oris SafA interacts with the housekeeping sortase SrtA via the conserved FPW motif and prevents SrtA cleavage by the signal peptidase LepB2, hence maintaining membrane homeostasis of SrtA. This function is conserved as ectopic expression of SafA from Corynebacterium diphtheriae and Corynebacterium matruchotii in the A. oris safA mutant rescues its defects in cell morphology, pilus assembly, surface protein …

Recurrence Of Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura After Vaccination With Mrna-1273 Covid-19 Vaccine, Spyridon Ntelis, Kathryn Champ

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) is a rare disease characterized by thrombocytopenia, microangiopathic hemolytic anemia, and ischemic organ damage. Several cases of TTP associated with administration of COVID-19 vaccines have been reported. We report a case of a 63-year-old woman with a past medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, HIV infection, and remote history of TTP who presented with several days of shortness of breath on exertion, chest tightness, low-grade fever, and bruising thirty-three days after receiving the second dose of the mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. Thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia with schistocytes were noted on testing, and ADAMTS13 activity …

Assessment Of Predictive Factors Of Hepatic Steatosis Diagnosed By Vibration Controlled Transient Elastography (Vcte) In Chronic Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients, Singh Y, Gogtay M, Gurung S, Trivedi N, Abraham Gm

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

This retrospective, cross-sectional study aimed to evaluate the predictive factors of moderate/severe hepatic steatosis diagnosed by vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE). It included 158 adult patients with suspected non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) evaluated by VCTE in an outpatient setting of a community-based teaching hospital. Patients with significant alcohol consumption, oral contraceptive use, hepatitis B disease, autoimmune hepatitis, and primary biliary cirrhosis were excluded. Steatosis was categorized as S0-S1 (mild) and S2-S3 (moderate/severe) based on the controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) score. Results demonstrated the mean values of BMI (p=0.001), kiloPascals [kPa] (fibrosis) raw score (p=0.009), obesity (p=0.001), diabetes mellitus [DM] (p=0.014), …

Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage Due To Duodenal Varix: A Case Report, Bassam Hossain, Fahad Malik, Ali Khan, Mohammad Abidi, Ali Marhaba, Amanke Oranu, Mark Shumeyko, Amine Hila, Shoreh Qazi, Shehryar Shaikh

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

We report a case of a 72-year-old female with a past medical condition of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis who presented in the emergency department with altered mentation. An Esophagogastroduodenoscopy was performed which showed a normal esophagus and stomach, but revealed grade III varices which were appreciable in the second portion of the duodenum. Her colonoscopy report revealed multiple small and large mouthed diverticula in the sigmoid colon along with hematin throughout the colon, yet no evidence of active bleeding,mass or inflammation. We discuss the patient's rarity of the clinical entity, clinical development, and elements used for diagnosis along with the treatment modalities …

A Case Of Adult Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome Following Covid-19 Vaccine, Meghan Brown, Nika Zorko Garbajs, Simon Zec, Hisham Mushtaq, Anwar Khedr, Abbas Bashir Jama, Ibtisam Rauf, Mikael Mir, Aishwarya Reddy Korsapati, Shikha Jain, Thoyaja Koritala, Ramesh Adhikari, Amos Lal, Ognjen Gajic, Juan Pablo Domecq, Sarah Goksoy, Brian Bartlett, Amit Sharma, Nitesh Kumar Jain, Syed Anjum Khan

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome is a life-threatening condition associated with elevated inflammatory markers and multiple organ injury. A diagnosis of exclusion, it has been reported after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection (SARS-CoV-2) in children and adults; recently it has been described in some post-COVID-19 vaccinated individuals. The prognosis with supportive care and immunomodulatory therapy is good, although some individuals may require treatment in the intensive care unit (ICU). Here we report a case of a 58-year-old man who developed multi-organ failure after receiving the second dose of the Moderna mRNA-1273 COVID-19 vaccine. He required critical organ support in the …

What About Anosmia From Covid-19 ?, Sharanya S E Santhi, Sara Elnour, Steven B Lippmann

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Arrhythmia Monitoring And Outcomes In Patients With Cardiac Sarcoidosis: Insights From The Cardiac Sarcoidosis Consortium, Edoardo Bressi, Thomas C Crawford, Frank M Bogun, Xiaokui Gu, Kenneth A Ellenbogen, Alexandra B Chicos, Henri Roukoz, Peter J Zimetbaum, Steven J Kalbfleisch, Francis D Murgatroyd, David A Steckman, Lynda E Rosenfeld, Ann C Garlitski, Kyoko Soejima, Adarsh K Bhan, Vasanth Vedantham, Timm M Dickfeld, David B De Lurgio, Pyotr G Platonov, Matthew M Zipse, Suguru Nishiuchi, Matthew L Ortman, Calambur Narasimhan, Kris K Patton, David G Rosenthal, Siddharth S Mukerji, Jarieke C Hoogendoorn, Katja Zeppenfeld, William H Sauer, Jordana Kron

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.

Effects Of Combined Gentamicin And Furosemide Treatment On Cochlear Macrophages, Liana Sargsyan, Austin R Swisher, Alisa P Hetrick, Hongzhe Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Combining aminoglycosides and loop diuretics often serves as an effective ototoxic approach to deafen experimental animals. The treatment results in rapid hair cell loss with extended macrophage presence in the cochlea, creating a sterile inflammatory environment. Although the early recruitment of macrophages is typically neuroprotective, the delay in the resolution of macrophage activity can be a complication if the damaged cochlea is used as a model to study subsequent therapeutic strategies. Here, we applied a high dose combination of systemic gentamicin and furosemide in

Renal Cell Carcinoma Of Pelvic Kidney With Atypical Nodal Metastasis: A Diagnostic Challenge, Roshan-E-Shahid Rana, Muhammad Hammad Ather

Section of Urology

Ectopic pelvic kidney is a known congenital anomaly; however, the presence of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) in an ectopic kidney is rare with the evidence available in the form of a few case reports only. In this case report, we present a case of metastatic RCC in the pelvic kidney which became a diagnostic challenge because of atypical contrast-enhanced computed tomographic (CT) characteristics and unusual pattern of lymph node involvement including cervical lymph node in the absence of visceral metastasis. Because of its unusual location and uncertain vascular anatomy, ectopic kidney poses a surgical challenge. Owing to the rarity of …

Promoting Best Practice In Cancer Care In Sub Saharan Africa, Karishma Sharma, Shahin Sayed, Mansoor Saleh

Internal Medicine, East Africa

Promoting best practice in the management of a cancer patient is rooted in the application of new knowledge derived through various sources including population science, laboratory advances, and translational research. Ultimately, the impact of these advances depends on their application at the patient’s bedside. A close collaboration between the oncologist and the pathologist is critical in underwriting progress in the management of the cancer patient. Recent advancements have shown that more granular characteristics of the tumor and themicroenvironment are defining determinants when it comes to disease course and overall outcome. Whereas, histologic features and basic immunohistochemical characterization were previously adequate …

Computed Tomography Of The Chest To Screen For Interstitial Lung Disease In Patients With Systemic Sclerosis At Expert Scleroderma Centers In The United States, Elana J Bernstein, Shervin Assassi, Flavia V Castelino, Lorinda Chung, Chase Correia, Luke B Evnin, Tracy M Frech, Jessica K Gordon, Brian A Skaug, Faye N Hant, Laura K Hummers, Nora Sandorfi, Ami A Shah, Victoria K Shanmugam, Virginia D Steen, Dinesh Khanna

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Although a high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan of the chest is the gold standard test for the detection of interstitial lung disease (ILD), there is no consensus among rheumatologists regarding the use of HRCT to screen for ILD in their patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). The aims of this study were to describe the HRCT ordering practices at SSc centers in the United States and to determine which patient characteristics are associated with HRCT performance.

METHODS: We performed a prospective cohort study of patients with SSc enrolled in the US-based Collaborative National Quality and Efficacy Registry (CONQUER). We performed …

Prolonged Cardiac Nr4a2 Activation Causes Dilated Cardiomyopathy In Mice, Sadia Ashraf, Heinrich Taegtmeyer, Romain Harmancey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Transcription factors play a fundamental role in cardiovascular adaptation to stress. Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (NR4A2; NURR1) is an immediate-early gene and transcription factor with a versatile role throughout many organs. In the adult mammalian heart, and particularly in cardiac myocytes, NR4A2 is strongly up-regulated in response to beta-adrenergic stimulation. The physiologic implications of this increase remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to interrogate the consequences of cardiac NR4A2 up-regulation under normal conditions and in response to pressure overload. In mice, tamoxifen-dependent, cardiomyocyte-restricted overexpression of NR4A2 led to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, left ventricular dilation, heart failure, …

Complex And Simple Appendicitis: Restrictive Or Liberal Postoperative Antibiotic Exposure (Casa Relax) Using Desirability Of Outcome Ranking (Door) And Response Adjusted For Duration Of Antibiotic Risk (Radar): Study Protocol For A Randomized Controlled Trial, Daniel Dante Yeh, Gabrielle E Hatton, Claudia Pedroza, Gerd Pust, Alejandro Mantero, Nicholas Namias, Lillian S Kao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: After appendectomy for simple or complicated appendicitis, the optimal duration of postoperative antibiotics (postop abx) is unclear and great practice variability exists. We propose to compare restrictive versus liberal postop abx using a hierarchical composite endpoint which includes patient-centered outcomes and accounts for duration of antibiotic exposure.

METHODS/DESIGN: Participants with simple or complicated appendicitis undergoing appendectomy are randomly assigned to either restricted or liberal strategy. Eligible subjects declining randomization will be recruited to enroll in an observation only cohort. The primary endpoint is an ordinal scale of mutually exclusive clinical outcomes with within-category rankings determined by duration of antibiotic …

Comparison Of Different Metrics Of Cerebral Autoregulation In Association With Major Morbidity And Mortality After Cardiac Surgery, Xiuyun Liu, Joseph Donnelly, Ken M Brady, Kei Akiyoshi, Brian Bush, Raymond C Koehler, Jennifer K Lee, Charles W Hogue, Marek Czosnyka, Peter Smielewski, Charles H Brown

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Cardiac surgery studies have established the clinical relevance of personalised arterial blood pressure management based on cerebral autoregulation. However, variabilities exist in autoregulation evaluation. We compared the association of several cerebral autoregulation metrics, calculated using different methods, with outcomes after cardiac surgery.

METHODS: Autoregulation was measured during cardiac surgery in 240 patients. Mean flow index and cerebral oximetry index were calculated as Pearson's correlations between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and transcranial Doppler blood flow velocity or near-infrared spectroscopy signals. The lower limit of autoregulation and optimal mean arterial pressure were identified using mean flow index and cerebral oximetry index. …

Algorithmic Approach To The Diagnosis Of Organizing Pneumonia: A Correlation Of Clinical, Radiologic, And Pathologic Features, Sujith V Cherian, Dhara Patel, Stephen Machnicki, David Naidich, Diane Stover, William D Travis, Kevin K Brown, Jason J Naidich, Akhilesh Mahajan, Michael Esposito, Bushra Mina, Viera Lakticova, Stuart L Cohen, Nestor L Muller, Jenna Schulner, Rakesh Shah, Suhail Raoof

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Organizing pneumonia (OP), characterized histopathologically by patchy filling of alveoli and bronchioles by loose plugs of connective tissue, may be seen in a variety of conditions. These include but are not limited to after an infection, drug reactions, radiation therapy, and collagen vascular diseases. When a specific cause is responsible for this entity, it is referred to as "secondary OP." When an extensive search fails to reveal a cause, it is referred to as "cryptogenic OP" (previously called "bronchiolitis obliterans with OP"), which is a clinical, radiologic, and pathologic entity classified as an interstitial lung disease. The clinical presentation of …

A Spef1-Interacting Microtubule Quartet Protein In Trypanosoma Brucei Promotes Flagellar Inheritance By Regulating Basal Body Segregation, Kieu T M Pham, Qing Zhou, Kyu Joon Lee, Ziyin Li

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The human parasite Trypanosoma brucei contains a motile flagellum that determines the plane of cell division, controls cell morphology, and mediates cell-cell communication. During the cell cycle, inheritance of the newly formed flagellum requires its correct positioning toward the posterior of the cell, which depends on the faithful segregation of multiple flagellum-associated cytoskeletal structures including the basal body, the flagellar pocket collar, the flagellum attachment zone, and the hook complex. A specialized group of four microtubules termed the microtubule quartet (MtQ) originates from the basal body and runs through the flagellar pocket collar and the hook complex to extend, along …

Prognostic Serum Biomarkers In Cancer Patients With Covid-19: A Systematic Review, Te-An Lee, Shih-Han Wang, Chun-Tse Kuo, Chia-Wei Li, Louise D Mccullough, Dhimiter Bello, Yun-Ju Lai

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Purpose: Cancer patients with COVID-19 likely express biomarker changes in circulation. However, the biomarkers used in SARS-CoV-2 infected cancer patients for COVID-19 severity and prognosis are largely unclear. Therefore, this systematic review aims to determine what biomarkers were measured in cancer patients with COVID-19 and their prognostic utility.

Methods: A systematic literature review in PubMed, Embase, and Scopus was performed on June 16th, 2021. The search keywords coronavirus, neoplasm, biomarkers, and disease progression were used to filter out 17 eligible studies, which were then carefully evaluated.

Results: A total of 4,168 patients, 16 types of cancer, and 60 biomarkers were …

Hypertension In Pregnancy And Adverse Outcomes Among Low-Risk Nulliparous People Expectantly Managed At Or After 39 Weeks: A Secondary Analysis Of A Randomized Controlled Trial, Michal Fishel Bartal, Ashish Premkumar, Madeline Murguia Rice, Uma M Reddy, Alan T N Tita, Robert M Silver, Yasser Y El-Sayed, Ronald J Wapner, Dwight J Rouse, George R Saade, John M Thorp, Maged M Costantine, Edward K Chien, Brian M Casey, Sindhu K Srinivas, Geeta K Swamy, Hyagriv N Simhan, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute Of Child Health And Human Development (Nichd) Maternal-Fetal Medicine Units (Mfmu) Network

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) among low-risk nulliparous women expectantly managed at or after 39 weeks of gestation are associated with adverse outcomes.

DESIGN: Secondary analysis of a randomised trial.

SETTING: Multicentre, USA.

POPULATION: Individuals in the expectantly managed group who delivered on or after 39 weeks.

METHODS: Multivariable analysis to estimate adjusted relative risks (aRR) for binomial outcomes, adjusted odds ratios (aOR) for multinomial outcomes and 95% CI.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Composite adverse maternal outcome including placental abruption, pulmonary oedema, postpartum haemorrhage, postpartum infection, venous thromboembolism or intensive care unit admission. Secondary outcomes included a …

Impact Of Gap Distance Between Fenestration And Aortic Wall On Target Artery Instability Following Fenestrated-Branched Endovascular Aortic Repair, Jesse Chait, Emanuel R Tenorio, Bernardo C Mendes, Guilherme B Barbosa Lima, Giulianna B Marcondes, Joshua Wong, Thanila A Macedo, Randall R De Martino, Gustavo S Oderich

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Target artery (TA) instability has been the most frequent indication for secondary intervention after fenestrated and branched endovascular aortic repair (FB-EVAR) of pararenal and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAAs). The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effect of the gap distance between the endograft reinforced fenestration and TA origin at the aortic wall (fenestration gap [FG]) on target-related outcomes after FB-EVAR.

Methods: The clinical data and imaging studies of 430 patients enrolled in a prospective, nonrandomized study to evaluate FB-EVAR using manufactured stent grafts were reviewed. Of the 430 patients, 340 (79%) had had more than one …

Skin Cancer Education Interventions For Primary Care Providers: A Scoping Review, Ashley E Brown, Maleka Najmi, Taylor Duke, Daniel A Grabell, Misha V Koshelev, Kelly C Nelson

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Primary care physicians (PCPs) are often the first line of defense against skin cancers. Despite this, many PCPs do not receive a comprehensive training in skin conditions. Educational interventions aimed at skin cancer screening instruction for PCPs offer an opportunity to detect skin cancer at earlier stages and subsequent improved morbidity and mortality. A scoping review was conducted to collect data about previously reported skin cancer screening interventions for PCPs. A structured literature search found 51 studies describing 37 unique educational interventions. Curriculum elements utilized by the interventions were divided into categories that would facilitate comparison including curriculum components, delivery …

Prolonged Cardiac Nr4a2 Aactivation Causes Dilated Cardiomyopathy In Mice, Sadia Ashraf, Heinrich Taegtmeyer, Romain Harmancey

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Transcription factors play a fundamental role in cardiovascular adaptation to stress. Nuclear receptor subfamily 4 group A member 2 (NR4A2; NURR1) is an immediate-early gene and transcription factor with a versatile role throughout many organs. In the adult mammalian heart, and particularly in cardiac myocytes, NR4A2 is strongly up-regulated in response to beta-adrenergic stimulation. The physiologic implications of this increase remain unknown. In this study, we aimed to interrogate the consequences of cardiac NR4A2 up-regulation under normal conditions and in response to pressure overload. In mice, tamoxifen-dependent, cardiomyocyte-restricted overexpression of NR4A2 led to cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, left ventricular dilation, heart failure, …

Guidelines On Models Of Diabetic Heart Disease, Lisa C Heather, Anne D Hafstad, Ganesh V Halade, Romain Harmancey, Kimberley M Mellor, Paras K Mishra, Erin E Mulvihill, Miranda Nabben, Michinari Nakamura, Oliver J Rider, Matthieu Ruiz, Adam R Wende, John R Ussher

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases, including diabetic cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. As cardiovascular disease represents the number one cause of death in people with diabetes, there has been a major emphasis on understanding the mechanisms by which diabetes promotes cardiovascular disease, and how antidiabetic therapies impact diabetic heart disease. With a wide array of models to study diabetes (both type 1 and type 2), the field has made major progress in answering these questions. However, each model has its own inherent limitations. Therefore, the purpose of this guidelines document is to provide the …

Opposing Roles Of Hdac6 In Liver Regeneration And Hepatocarcinogenesis, Sophors Phorl, Azra Memon, Yuri Seo, Thi Oanh Hoang, Trung Nghia Tran, Le Minh Tri Nguyen, Chang Hoon Lee, Woon Kyu Lee, Joo-Yong Lee

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a deacetylase of p53, has emerged as a privileged inhibitory target for cancer therapy because of its deacetylating activity for p53 at K120 and K373/382. However, intricate roles of HDAC6 in hepatocellular carcinogenesis have been suggested by recent evidence, namely that HDAC6 ablation suppresses innate immunity, which plays critical roles in tumor immunosurveillance and antitumor immune responses. Therefore, it is valuable to determine whether HDAC6 ablation inhibits hepatocellular carcinogenesis using in vivo animal models. Here, we firstly showed that HDAC6 ablation increased K320 acetylation of p53, known as pro-survival acetylation, in all tested animal models but …

Biological Treatment Usage In Patients With Hiv And Rheumatic Disease, 2003-2021: Long-Term Safety And Follow-Up, Benjamin Sornrung Naovarat, Gloria Salazar, Mariko Ishimori, Francis M Williams, John D Reveille

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study examined the safety and efficacy of biological agents, especially tumour necrosis factor (TNF) inhibitors, for HIV-positive rheumatology patients refractory to standard therapy.

METHODS: This study is a retrospective case series including patients derived from a community HIV clinic as well as from two academic centres. Initial visit data collected included: sociodemographic characteristics, CD4 counts, HIV viral load and medication use. Patients with persistent disease activity despite standard conservative therapy were begun on biological agents.The main outcomes were patient and physician global assessment of treatment response and medication side effects in patients with rheumatological disorders treated with biological …