Internal Medicine Commons^™

Anxiety And Stress Among Healthcare Professionals During Covid-19 In Ethiopia: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Aragaw Asfaw Hasen, Abubeker Alebachew Seid, Ahmed Adem Mohammed

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study intended to assess the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia.

DESIGN: This study applied a design of systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.

DATA SOURCES: ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA AND OUTCOMES: Observational studies examining anxiety and stress among healthcare professionals in Ethiopia following COVID-19 pandemic were considered. The primary outcomes were the prevalence of anxiety and stress and the secondary outcomes were factors associated to the prevalence of anxiety and stress.

DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS: Two authors extracted the data and performed quality assessment independently. The Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used to …

Spatial Molecular And Cellular Determinants Of Stat3 Activation In Liver Fibrosis Progression In Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Jingjing Jiao, Jessica I Sanchez, Omar A Saldarriaga, Luisa M Solis, David J Tweardy, Dipen M Maru, Heather L Stevenson, Laura Beretta

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its severe form, non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), is increasing. Individuals with NASH often develop liver fibrosis and advanced liver fibrosis is the main determinant of mortality in individuals with NASH. We and others have reported that STAT3 contributes to liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma in mice.

METHODS: Here, we explored whether STAT3 activation in hepatocyte and non-hepatocyte areas, measured by phospho-STAT3 (pSTAT3), is associated with liver fibrosis progression in 133 patients with NAFLD. We further characterized the molecular and cellular determinants of STAT3 activation by integrating spatial distribution and …

Pyridoxamine Treatment Ameliorates Large Artery Stiffening And Cerebral Artery Endothelial Dysfunction In Old Mice, Emily H Reeve, Elise K Kronquist, Julia R Wolf, Byron Lee, Aleena Khurana, Hanson Pham, Abigail E Cullen, Jessica A Peterson, Antonio Meza, R Colton Bramwell, Laura Villasana, Daniel R Machin, Grant D Henson, Ashley E Walker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Age-related increases in large artery stiffness are associated with cerebrovascular dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Pyridoxamine treatment prevents large artery stiffening with advancing age, but the effects of pyridoxamine treatment on the cerebral vasculature or cognition is unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of pyridoxamine on blood pressure, large artery stiffness, cerebral artery function, and cognitive function in old mice. Old male C57BL/6 mice consumed either pyridoxamine (2 g/L) or vehicle control in drinking water for ∼7.5 months and were compared with young male C57BL/6 mice. From pre- to post-treatment, systolic blood pressure increased in old …

The Spatial And Temporal Structure Of Neural Activity Across The Fly Brain, Katherine E Maturen, Cheri L Canon, Joel G Fletcher, Amy K Hara, David H Kim, Jonathan B Kruskal, Frank H Miller, Erick M Remer, Stuart G Silverman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

In 2012, the Society of Abdominal Radiology (SAR) was formed by the merger of the Society of Gastrointestinal Radiologists (SGR) and the Society of Uroradiology (SUR). On the occasion of SAR's ten year anniversary, this commentary describes important changes in society structure, the growth and diversity of society membership, new educational and research initiatives, intersociety and international outreach, and plans for the future.

Ct Colonography Is The Perfect Colorectal Screening Test That Unfortunately Few People Use Yet, David H Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Take-home points

• • Computed tomography colonography (CTC) is the perfect test among the colorectal cancer screening options.
• • The excellent performance of CTC is on par with colonoscopy for both cancers and precancerous polyps, yet without the risks associated with perforation and sedation.
• • CTC presents an opportunity to serve as an important filter and send the small numbers of high-risk lesions for immediate removal while allowing the identification of the few true precursor targets from the large majority of benign polyps.
• • This selective polypectomy strategy at CTC minimizes complications and waste of resources while maintaining advanced neoplasia detection …

Zone 1 Endovascular Balloon Occlusion Of The Aorta Vs Resuscitative Thoracotomy For Patient Resuscitation After Severe Hemorrhagic Shock, Alexis L Cralley, Navin Vigneshwar, Ernest E Moore, Joseph Dubose, Megan L Brenner, Angela Sauaia, Aast Aorta Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Aortic occlusion (AO) is a lifesaving therapy for the treatment of severe traumatic hemorrhagic shock; however, there remains controversy whether AO should be accomplished via resuscitative thoracotomy (RT) or via endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) in zone 1.

OBJECTIVE: To compare outcomes of AO via RT vs REBOA zone 1.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a comparative effectiveness research study using a multicenter registry of postinjury AO from October 2013 to September 2021. AO via REBOA zone 1 (above celiac artery) was compared with RT performed in the emergency department of facilities experienced in both procedures …

Effect Of Nintedanib In Patients With Systemic Sclerosis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease And Risk Factors For Rapid Progression, Dinesh Khanna, Toby M Maher, Elizabeth R Volkmann, Yannick Allanore, Vanessa Smith, Shervin Assassi, Michael Kreuter, Anna-Maria Hoffmann-Vold, Masataka Kuwana, Christian Stock, Margarida Alves, Steven Sambevski, Christopher P Denton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To investigate the rate of decline in forced vital capacity (FVC), and the effect of nintedanib on the rate of decline in FVC, in subjects with systemic sclerosis-associated interstitial lung disease (SSc-ILD) who had risk factors for rapid decline in FVC.

Methods: The SENSCIS trial enrolled subjects with SSc and fibrotic ILD of ≥10% extent on high-resolution CT. The rate of decline in FVC over 52 weeks was analysed in all subjects and in those with early SSc (< 18 months since first non-Raynaud symptom), elevated inflammatory markers (C reactive protein ≥6 mg/L and/or platelets ≥330×109/L) or significant skin fibrosis (modified Rodnan skin score (mRSS) 15-40 or mRSS ≥18) at baseline.

Results: In the placebo group, the rate of decline in FVC was numerically greater in subjects with < 18 months since first non-Raynaud symptom (-167.8 mL/year), elevated inflammatory markers (-100.7 mL/year), mRSS 15-40 (-121.7 mL/year) or mRSS ≥18 (-131.7 mL/year) than in all subjects (-93.3 mL/year). Nintedanib reduced the rate of FVC decline across subgroups, with a numerically greater effect in patients with these risk factors for rapid FVC decline.

Conclusion: In the …

Prospective Evaluation Of The Fungitell® (1-->3) Beta-D-Glucan Assay As A Diagnostic Tool For Invasive Fungal Disease In Pediatric Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Report From The Children’S Oncology Group, William R Otto, Christopher C Dvorak, Craig L K Boge, Luis Ostrosky-Zeichner, Adam J Esbenshade, Michael L Nieder, Sarah Alexander, William J Steinbach, Ha Dang, Doojduen Villaluna, Lu Chen, Micah Skeens, Theoklis E Zaoutis, Lillian Sung, Brian T Fisher

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major source of morbidity and mortality for hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Non-invasive biomarkers, such as the beta-D-glucan assay, may improve the diagnosis of IFD. The objective was to define the utility of surveillance testing using Fungitell® beta-D-glucan (BDG) assay in children receiving antifungal prophylaxis in the immediate post-HCT period.

METHODS: Weekly surveillance blood testing with the Fungitell® BDG assay was performed during the early post-HCT period in the context of a randomized trial of children, adolescents, and young adults undergoing allogeneic HCT allocated to triazole or caspofungin prophylaxis. Positivity was defined at …

Renal Cell Carcinoma Presenting With Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding: A Case Report, James Mega, Rene Roberts, Mohamed M Shahin, Ahmed Kamel Abdel Aal

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing in incidence as more cross sectional imaging is performed with approximately 20%-30% of cases presenting with metastasis at the time of diagnosis. Small bowel metastatic disease is rare, with RCC to the small bowel being exceptionally rare. We present a case report of metastatic RCC that initially presented as upper gastrointestinal bleeding at time of diagnosis. We also provide a brief discussion of small bowel metastatic RCC disease and literature review.

Rapid Clinical Expansion And The Fate Of The Hospitalist Educator, Julia B Caton, Shannon K Martin, Marisha Burden, Zaven Sargsyan, Michelle Brooks, Daniel N Ricotta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

No abstract provided.

A Delicate Balance Between Antibody Evasion And Ace2 Affinity For Omicron Ba275, Jiandong Huo, Aiste Dijokaite-Guraliuc, Chang Liu, Daming Zhou, Helen M Ginn, Raksha Das, Piyada Supasa, Muneeswaran Selvaraj, Rungtiwa Nutalai, Aekkachai Tuekprakhon, Helen M E Duyvesteyn, Alexander J Mentzer, Donal Skelly, Thomas G Ritter, Ali Amini, Sagida Bibi, Sandra Adele, Sile Ann Johnson, Neil G Paterson, Mark A Williams, David R Hall, Megan Plowright, Thomas A H Newman, Hailey Hornsby, Thushan I De Silva, Nigel Temperton, Paul Klenerman, Eleanor Barnes, Susanna J Dunachie, Andrew J Pollard, Teresa Lambe, Philip Goulder, Optic Consortium, Isaric4c Consortium, Elizabeth E Fry, Juthathip Mongkolsapaya, Jingshan Ren, David I Stuart, Gavin R Screaton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have caused successive global waves of infection. These variants, with multiple mutations in the spike protein, are thought to facilitate escape from natural and vaccine-induced immunity and often increase in affinity for ACE2. The latest variant to cause concern is BA.2.75, identified in India where it is now the dominant strain, with evidence of wider dissemination. BA.2.75 is derived from BA.2 and contains four additional mutations in the receptor-binding domain (RBD). Here, we perform an antigenic and biophysical characterization of BA.2.75, revealing an interesting balance between humoral evasion and ACE2 receptor …

Impacts Of Dietary Lysine And Crude Protein On Performance, Hepatic And Renal Functions, Biochemical Parameters, And Histomorphology Of Small Intestine, Liver, And Kidney In Broiler Chickens, Mohamed A Mousa, Ahamed S Asman, Reham M J Ali, Ramy K A Sayed, Kamlah A Majrashi, Khloud G Fakiha, Rashed A Alhotan, Shaimaa Selim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of increasing dietary lysine (Lys) levels with an adequate dietary crude protein (CP) content, as well as the effects of a reduction in dietary CP content with the recommended amino acid (AAs) level, on the performance, blood biochemical parameters, and histomorphology of the duodenum, liver, and kidney in broiler chickens. A total of 500 broiler chickens were randomly distributed into five dietary treatment groups, following a completely randomized design, where, at the beginning, the control group (C) was fed a diet containing the standard CP and Lys levels: 23% CP with 1.44% …

Supplementing Glycine And N-Acetylcysteine (Glynac) In Older Adults Improves Glutathione Deficiency, Oxidative Stress, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Inflammation, Physical Function, And Aging Hallmarks: A Randomized Clinical Trial, Premranjan Kumar, Chun Liu, James Suliburk, Jean W Hsu, Raja Muthupillai, Farook Jahoor, Charles G Minard, George E Taffet, Rajagopal V Sekhar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Elevated oxidative stress (OxS), mitochondrial dysfunction, and hallmarks of aging are identified as key contributors to aging, but improving/reversing these defects in older adults (OA) is challenging. In prior studies, we identified that deficiency of the intracellular antioxidant glutathione (GSH) could play a role and reported that supplementing GlyNAC (combination of glycine and N-acetylcysteine [NAC]) in aged mice improved GSH deficiency, OxS, mitochondrial fatty-acid oxidation (MFO), and insulin resistance (IR). To test whether GlyNAC supplementation in OA could improve GSH deficiency, OxS, mitochondrial dysfunction, IR, physical function, and aging hallmarks, we conducted a placebo-controlled randomized clinical trial.

METHODS: Twenty-four …

Approach To The Patient: Pharmacological Therapies For Fracture Risk Reduction In Adults With Osteogenesis Imperfecta, Winnie Liu, Brendan Lee, Sandesh C S Nagamani, Lindsey Nicol, Frank Rauch, Eric T Rush, V Reid Sutton, Eric Orwoll

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Context

Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI) is a genetic disorder characterized by increased bone fragility largely caused by defects in structure, synthesis, or post-translational processing of type I collagen. The effectiveness of medications used for fracture reduction in adults with OI is understudied and practice recommendations are not well established. Drugs currently used to improve skeletal health in OI were initially developed to treat osteoporosis. Oral and intravenous bisphosphonates have been shown to improve bone mineral density (BMD) in adults with OI and are commonly used; however, conclusive data confirming fracture protection are lacking. Similarly, teriparatide appears to increase BMD, an effect …

Fluorescence Angiography With Dual Fluorescence For The Early Detection And Longitudinal Quantitation Of Vascular Leakage In Retinopathy, Benjamin Pomeroy, Alexander W Venanzi, Wei Li, Abigail S Hackam, Midhat H Abdulreda

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetic retinopathy (DR) afflicts more than 93 million people worldwide and is a leading cause of vision loss in working adults. While DR therapies are available, early DR development may go undetected without treatment due to the lack of sufficiently sensitive tools. Therefore, early detection is critically important to enable efficient treatment before progression to vision-threatening complications. A major clinical manifestation of early DR is retinal vascular leakage that may progress from diffuse to more localized focal leakage, leading to increased retinal thickness and diabetic macular edema (DME). In preclinical research, a hallmark of DR in mouse models is …

Posoleucel, An Allogeneic, Off-The-Shelf Multivirus-Specific T-Cell Therapy, For The Treatment Of Refractory Viral Infections In The Post-Hct Setting, Thomas Pfeiffer, Ifigeneia Tzannou, Mengfen Wu, Carlos Ramos, Ghadir Sasa, Caridad Martinez, Premal Lulla, Robert A Krance, Lauren Scherer, Daniel Ruderfer, Swati Naik, Claire Bocchini, Iain P Fraser, Badrish Patel, Dany Ward, Tao Wang, Helen E Heslop, Ann M Leen, Bilal Omer

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

PURPOSE: Viral infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT). In the absence of safe and effective antiviral treatments, virus-specific T cells have emerged as a promising therapeutic option. Posoleucel is a multivirus-specific T-cell therapy for off-the-shelf use against six viral infections that commonly occur in allo-HCT recipients: adenovirus, BK virus (BKV), cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human herpes virus-6, and JC virus.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: We conducted an open-label, phase II trial to determine the feasibility and safety of posoleucel in allo-HCT recipients infected with one or more of these viruses. Infections were either …

Diagnosis Of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis By Respiratory Function Test, Francesca Polverino, Simone Sampaolo, Antonio Capuozzo, Marco Fasolino, Michele Aliberti, Ersilia Satta, Carlo Santoriello, Mario Polverino

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The diagnostic criterion for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) based on the findings of concomitant clinical and electrophysiological evidence of upper and lower motor neuron involvement may remain unsatisfied for months and in some patients, even for years in the early stage of the disease. Since respiratory involvement is an onset symptom of ALS in only 1-3% of patients, pulmonary assessment has never been considered useful in the early diagnosis of ALS. However, studies on pulmonary function are lacking, especially in those early stages where neurologic tests are also inconclusive. In contrast to the scarcity of data in the early stages, …

Characteristics And Weight Loss Practices From A Cohort Of 20,000 Patients Using Direct-To-Consumer Telehealth: Observational Cross-Sectional Study, Deborah Bade Horn, Elizabeth Pash, Megan S Zhou, Lauren Broffman, Damian Bialonczyk, Tzvi Doron, Elaine Chiquette

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Despite the increasing prevalence of obesity, the use of pharmacotherapy treatment remains low. Telehealth platforms have the potential to facilitate access to pharmacotherapy interventions, but little is known about telehealth patients.

OBJECTIVE: This study describes a large patient population taking Plenity, an oral superabsorbent hydrogel (OSH) used in the treatment of excess weight or obesity (BMI 25-40 kg/m

METHODS: This was a cross-sectional assessment of a random sample of 20,000 telehealth patients who completed a structured, web-based visit and received at least one prescription of OSH. Patients were eligible to receive care via telehealth if they were adults, were …

Bending The Patient Safety Curve: How Much Can Ai Help?, David C Classen, Christopher Longhurst, Eric J Thomas

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

This paper reviews the current state of patient safety and the application of artificial intelligence (AI) techniques to patient safety. This paper defines patient safety broadly, not just inpatient care but across the continuum of care, including diagnostic errors, misdiagnosis, adverse events, injuries, and measurement issues. It outlines the major current uses of AI in patient safety and the relative adoption of these techniques in hospitals and health systems. It also outlines some of the limitations of these AI systems and the challenges with evaluation of these systems. Finally, it outlines the importance of developing a proactive agenda for AI …

Notch Blockade Specifically In Bone Marrow-Derived Fsp-1-Positive Cells Ameliorates Renal Fibrosis, Yongdong Wu, Ming Liang, Fengzhang Huang, Owen H Cheng, Xiaoguang Xiao, Tae Hoon Lee, Luan Truong, Jizhong Cheng

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: The infiltration of inflammatory cells during a kidney injury stimulates myofibroblast activation leading to kidney fibrosis. Fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP-1) positive cells have been reported as either myofibroblasts or monocytes during tissue fibrosis. The functions of FSP-1+ cells that are associated with the development of renal fibrosis and the signaling pathways that regulate FSP-1+ cell activation have not been well defined. Methods: In mice with unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO), we characterized FSP-1+ cells and determined the role of the Notch signaling pathway in the activation of bone marrow-derived FSP-1+ cells during kidney fibrosis. Results: In kidneys from mice with …

Feasibility And Preclinical Efficacy Of Cd7-Unedited Cd7 Car T Cells For T Cell Malignancies, Norihiro Watanabe, Feiyan Mo, Rong Zheng, Royce Ma, Vanesa C Bray, Dayenne G Van Leeuwen, Juntima Sritabal-Ramirez, Hongxiang Hu, Sha Wang, Birju Mehta, Madhuwanti Srinivasan, Lauren D Scherer, Huimin Zhang, Sachin G Thakkar, Laquisa C Hill, Helen E Heslop, Chonghui Cheng, Malcolm K Brenner, Maksim Mamonkin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-mediated targeting of T lineage antigens for the therapy of blood malignancies is frequently complicated by self-targeting of CAR T cells or their excessive differentiation driven by constant CAR signaling. Expression of CARs targeting CD7, a pan-T cell antigen highly expressed in T cell malignancies and some myeloid leukemias, produces robust fratricide and often requires additional mitigation strategies, such as CD7 gene editing. In this study, we show fratricide of CD7 CAR T cells can be fully prevented using ibrutinib and dasatinib, the pharmacologic inhibitors of key CAR/CD3ζ signaling kinases. Supplementation with ibrutinib and dasatinib rescued the …

Radiofrequency Ablation Remodels The Tumor Microenvironment And Promotes Neutrophil-Mediated Abscopal Immunomodulation In Pancreatic Cancer, Erika Y Faraoni, Baylee J O'Brien, Lincoln N Strickland, Baron K Osborn, Victoria Mota, Jarod Chaney, Constance Lynn Atkins, Putao Cen, Julie Rowe, Jessica Cardenas, Kyle L Poulsen, Curtis J Wray, Nirav C Thosani, Jennifer M Bailey-Lundberg

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) presents a 5-year overall survival rate of 11%, despite efforts to improve clinical outcomes in the past two decades. Therapeutic resistance is a hallmark of this disease, due to its dense and suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Endoscopic ultrasound-guided radiofrequency ablation (EUS-RFA) is a promising local ablative and potential immunomodulatory therapy for PDAC. In this study, we performed RFA in a preclinical tumor-bearing KrasG12D; Trp53R172H/+; Pdx1:Cre (KPC) syngeneic model, analyzed local and abscopal affects after RFA and compared our findings with resected PDAC specimens. We found that RFA reduced PDAC tumor progression in vivo and promoted strong …

A Rare Case Of Covid Encephalitis In A Vaccinated Patient, Christian Pena, Hari Movva, Hector Arredondo, Alberto Pena, Erik Hinojosa, Michael Rotko, Jorge Nadal, Michelle Lopez

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Background and Purpose: SARS-CoV-2 infection is known to cause primarily respiratory symptoms, however, neurological disorders such as anosmia and stroke have been seen. Encephalitis is a rare complication of COVID-19 with a reported incidence of less than 1%¹. Most patients develop both COVID-19 symptoms and encephalitis symptoms during the same period¹. In addition, the majority of reports are from patients with no prior vaccination. Here, we present a case of encephalitis 2 weeks after mild COVID-19 in a fully vaccinated male.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old Hispanic male was brought to the ED due to new onset gaze deviation, generalized tonic …

Pediatric Traumatic Brain Injury In The Middle East And North Africa Region: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis To Assess Characteristics, Mechanisms, And Risk Factors, Samar Al-Hajj, Sarah H Farran, Batoul Dekmak, Layal Hneiny, Hussein Abou Abbas, Aya Hassoun, Nadine Youness, Sarah Ghalayini, Nour Abou Khalil, Fiona Lecky, Shima Shahjouieh, Layal Ghamlouche, Zainab Nasrallah, Firas Kobeissy

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pediatric traumatic brain injury (pTBI) represents a major cause of child injuries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region. This review aims to assess pTBIs in the MENA region and reports their clinical severity and outcomes. A search was conducted using major electronic databases, including Medline/Ovid, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and SCOPUS. Abstracts were screened independently and in duplicate to detect original research. The objective and study findings for each article were recorded, along with the mechanism of pTBI, patient age and sex, injury assessment tool(s) used, and outcome. A total of 1345 articles were retrieved, of …

Endothelial Activation And Fibrotic Changes Are Impeded By Laminar Flow-Induced Chk1-Senp2 Activity Through Mechanisms Distinct From Endothelial-To-Mesenchymal Cell Transition, Minh T H Nguyen, Masaki Imanishi, Shengyu Li, Khanh Chau, Priyanka Banerjee, Loka Reddy Velatooru, Kyung Ae Ko, Venkata S K Samanthapudi, Young J Gi, Ling-Ling Lee, Rei J Abe, Elena Mcbeath, Anita Deswal, Steven H Lin, Nicolas L Palaskas, Robert Dantzer, Keigi Fujiwara, Mae K Borchrdt, Estefani Berrios Turcios, Elizabeth A Olmsted-Davis, Sivareddy Kotla, John P Cooke, Guangyu Wang, Jun-Ichi Abe, Nhat-Tu Le

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The deSUMOylase sentrin-specific isopeptidase 2 (SENP2) plays a crucial role in atheroprotection. However, the phosphorylation of SENP2 at T368 under disturbed flow (D-flow) conditions hinders its nuclear function and promotes endothelial cell (EC) activation. SUMOylation has been implicated in D-flow-induced endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (endoMT), but the precise role of SENP2 in counteracting this process remains unclear.

METHOD: We developed a phospho-specific SENP2 S344 antibody and generated knock-in (KI) mice with a phospho-site mutation of SENP2 S344A using CRISPR/Cas9 technology. We then investigated the effects of SENP2 S344 phosphorylation under two distinct flow patterns and during hypercholesteremia (HC)-mediated EC activation.

RESULT: …

An Analytical Study Of The Risk Factors Affecting The Platelet Aggregation In Patients With Sepsis, Vishnu Priya, Jitender M. Khunger, Anupma Arora

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objectives (a) To determine the correlation of platelet count and aggregation with sepsis severity and (b) to find the risk factors affecting the platelet aggregation in sepsis. Patients and methods The present observational cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 patients of sepsis over a period of 18 months. All patients underwent complete blood counts, and platelet aggregation to ADP. Pearson correlation coefficient was used to assess the association of Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) score and aggregation to ADP and platelet. Linear regression was done to determine the risk factors affecting platelet aggregation in sepsis. A P value of less …

Studying The Therapeutic Effect Of Umbilical Cord Stem Cell In Pneumonia Caused By Covid-19, Salama M. El- Shennawy, Abdalla Abo Hassen, Talal Ibrahim Hagag, Asherf I Zahra, Reham Salama, Mariam A. Fouad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Context: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) with severe respiratory morbidity and mortality , rapidly spread all over the world, caused by an sever acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) varying from mild symptoms to pulmonary fibrosis( Li Z et al.,2020). Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can have a critical role, by promoting the pulmonary parenchyma regeneration and subsequently decreasing the symptoms of COVID-19 and help immune system to act against the virus (WHO, 2020).Aim: to evaluate the efficacy and safety of using stem cell in the treatment of COVID-19patients.Setting and design: We performed this case control study during the period from November 2020 …

A Rare Case Of Isolated Thoracic Al-Amyloidoma Causing Complete Atelectasis Of The Right Lung, Smruti Rath, Nicholas Joseph Dcunha, Neel Bhan, Bettye Cox, Muhammad Adrish

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Tumoral amyloidosis, or amyloidoma, is a benign, but rare form of amyloidosis that has been reported with a favorable prognosis following surgical resection in some case reports. We present a case of acute on chronic respiratory failure secondary to extensive growth of a thoracic amyloidoma causing atelectasis of the right lung. Our case patient had greater morbidity due to late presentation and extensive disease at diagnosis, precluding any surgical intervention. Radiation therapy and medical management were unsuccessful in reducing disease burden. Early diagnosis and detection are pivotal to improving survival in patients with isolated thoracic amyloidoma.

Corrigendum: Alveolar Macrophages In Lung Cancer: Opportunities And Challenges, Cheng-Yen Chang, Dominique Armstrong, David B Corry, Farrah Kheradmand

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

In the published article, there was an error in the article title. Instead of “Alveolar Macrophages in Lung Cancer: Opportunities Challenges”, it should be “Alveolar Macrophages in Lung Cancer: Opportunities and Challenges”.

The authors apologize for this error and state that this does not change the scientific conclusions of the article in any way. The original article has been updated.

Melatonin Attenuates Mitochondrial Damage In Aristolochic Acid-Induced Acute Kidney Injury, Jian Sun, Jinjin Pan, Qinlong Liu, Jizhong Cheng, Qing Tang, Yuke Ji, Ke Cheng, Rui Wang, Liang Liu, Dingyou Wang, Na Wu, Xu Zheng, Junxia Li, Xueyan Zhang, Zhilong Zhu, Yanchun Ding, Feng Zheng, Jia Li, Ying Zhang, Yuhui Yuan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Aristolochic acid (AA), extracted from Aristolochiaceae plants, plays an essential role in traditional herbal medicines and is used for different diseases. However, AA has been found to be nephrotoxic and is known to cause aristolochic acid nephropathy (AAN). AA-induced acute kidney injury (AKI) is a syndrome in AAN with a high morbidity that manifests mitochondrial damage as a key part of its pathological progression. Melatonin primarily serves as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. However, its mitochondrial protective role in AA-induced AKI is barely reported. In this study, mice were administrated 2.5 mg/kg AA to induce AKI. Melatonin reduced the increase in Upro …