Infectious Disease Commons^™

Conference Proceedings: Aurora Scientific Day 2020

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Abstracts published in this supplement were among those presented at the 46th annual Aurora Scientific Day research symposium, held virtually on May 20, 2020. The symposium provides a forum for describing research studies conducted by faculty, fellows, residents, and allied health professionals affiliated with Wisconsin-based Aurora Health Care, a part of the Advocate Aurora Health health system, which publishes the Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 9, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Aboah, Henri. Blooming – Flower Shops
• Reynolds, Easton. Record Setting Voter Turnout Expected This Election Season
• Collins, Michael. Grocery Shopping In a Pandemic
• Mallon, Sam. Fighting for Peace – Bowling Green for Peace
• Tomlin, Laura. WKU Environmental Health & Safety Provides Do’s & Don’t’s for This Halloween During COVID-19
• It’s Time for WKU to Switch to Environmentally-friendly Take-out Products – Dining Services
• Keiser, Nick. Covering a WKU Football Game Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
• Hargrove, Matthew. In Ruins – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. The Offense Doesn’t Have …

Enhanced Detection Of Community-Acquired Pneumonia Pathogens With The Biofire® Pneumonia Filmarray® Panel., David Gilbert, James E Leggett, Lian Wang, Shirin Ferdosian, Gita D Gelfer, Michael L Johnston, Brent Footer, Kathryn W Hendrickson, Hiromichi Park, Emma White, John Heffner

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Background: Although most observational studies identify viral or bacterial pathogens in 50% or less of patients hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), we previously demonstrated that a multi-test bundle (MTB) detected a potential pathogen in 73% of patients. This study compares detection rates for potential pathogens with the MTB versus the Biofire® Pneumonia FilmArray® panel (BPFA) multiplex PCR platform and presents an approach for integrating BPFA results as a foundation for subsequent antibiotic stewardship (AS) activities.

Methods: Between January 2017 to March 2018, all patients admitted for CAP were enrolled. Patients were considered evaluable if all elements of the MTB and …

Solving Community Sars-Cov-2 Testing With Telehealth: Development And Implementation For Screening, Evaluation And Testing., Aditi Joshi, Resa E. Lewiss, Maria Aini, Bracken Babula, Patricia C. Henwood

Department of Emergency Medicine Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: Telehealth has emerged as a crucial component of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic emergency response. Simply stated, telehealth is a tool to provide health care from a distance. Jefferson Health has leveraged its acute care telehealth platform to screen, order testing, and manage patients with COVID-19-related concerns.

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the expansion and results of using a telehealth program to increase access to care while minimizing additional potential exposures during the early period of the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS: Screening algorithms for patients with SARS-CoV-2-related complaints were created, and 150 new clinicians were trained within 72 hours to address …

New Normal For Medical Practice Post Covid-19?, David B. Nash

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 8, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Lowe, Julianna. A Look Inside – Jamison Moorehead, Quarantine
• Burris, Lily. Day in the Life – Sharon Hunter
• Collins, Michael & Lauren Deppen. Need to Know – COVID-19
• Frazier, Keilen. Homecoming in Barnes-Campbell Hall – Quarantine
• Lowe, Julianna. Survey to Student – Dining Services, Quarantine
• Collins, Michael. Kentucky Universities’ Records on COVID-19
• Burris, Lily. Voices on the Inside – Sam Padgett, Chris Willis, Parker Randall, River Carter, Iyanla Shackelford
• Hargrove, Matthew. Herd Tramples WKU – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Travis Hudson is the Greatest of All …

Types And Risk Factors Of Violence Experienced By People Living With Hiv, Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Study, Safia Awan, Nukhba Zia, Fatima Sharif, Sharaf Ali Shah, Bushra Jamil

Department of Medicine

Background: In Pakistan, data are lacking on the violence experienced by people living with HIV.
Aims: This study determined the prevalence and risk factors of violence (physical, psychological and sexual) in people living with HIV in Karachi, Pakistan.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in 2016 of people living with HIV attending clinics of Bridge Consultants Foundation, a community-based care provider. Date were collected using an interview-based questionnaire. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done to assess the risk factors for violence with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) presented.
Results: The sample included 250 people living with …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 7, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Murray, Debra. Truckin’ Great: COVID-19 Leads to New Dining Options
• Bertucci, Leo. WKU COVID-dashboard Lacks Active Case Count
• Rash, Liza. Math Department Head Responds to Demotion, Reanalyzes Model 41 Days Later - Bruce Kessler
• Kieser, Nick. Lady Topper Golf Finishes Second in Hoover Invitational
• Cox, Alexander. Editorial Cartoon re: Scholarship Money
• Opening Doors: New Scholarships Show that WKU Cares
• Edmonds, Garrett. Student Government Association President Garrett Edmonds Plans for New Academic Year
• Hargrove, Matthew. Tops Take Victory – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Don’t Let This Be …

Population Health And The Pandemic: Emerging Stronger Next Time., David B. Nash

College of Population Health Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Vitamin D In Covid-19 Pneumonia: High Yield With Low Risk, Shahan Waheed, Emaduddin Siddiqui

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

The Impact Of Delayed Treatment Of Uncomplicated P. Falciparum Malaria On Progression To Severe Malaria: A Systematic Review And A Pooled Multicenter Individual-Patient Meta-Analysis, Andria Mousa, Abdullah Al-Taiar, Nicholas Anstey, Cyril Badaut, Bridget Barber, Quique Bassat, Joseph Challenger, Aubrey Cunnington, Dibyadyuti Datta, Robert Opoka

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: Delay in receiving treatment for uncomplicated malaria (UM) is often reported to increase the risk of developing severe malaria (SM), but access to treatment remains low in most high-burden areas. Understanding the contribution of treatment delay on progression to severe disease is critical to determine how quickly patients need to receive treatment and to quantify the impact of widely implemented treatment interventions, such as 'test-and-treat' policies administered by community health workers (CHWs). We conducted a pooled individual-participant meta-analysis to estimate the association between treatment delay and presenting with SM.

Methods and findings: A search using Ovid MEDLINE and …

Policies And Practices Of Shea Research Network Hospitals During The Covid-19 Pandemic., Michael S. Calderwood, Valerie M. Deloney, Deverick J. Anderson, Vincent Chi-Chung Cheng, Shruti Gohil, Jennie H. Kwon, Lona Mody, Elizabeth Monsees, Valerie M. Vaughn, Timothy L. Wiemken, Matthew J. Ziegler, Eric Lofgren

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

To understand hospital policies and practices as the COVID-19 pandemic accelerated, the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA) conducted a survey through the SHEA Research Network (SRN). The survey assessed policies and practices around the optimization of personal protection equipment (PPE), testing, healthcare personnel policies, visitors of COVID-19 patients in relation to procedures, and types of patients. Overall, 69 individual healthcare facilities responded in the United States and internationally, for a 73% response rate.

Development And Interim Analysis Of A Cystic Fibrosis-Specific Antibiogram, Claire Elson, Ellen Meier, Douglas Swanson, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Megan Gripka, Christopher M. Oermann

Posters

Antimicrobial therapy is essential to treat cystic fibrosis (CF) lung infections. Empiric antimicrobial selection is generally based on previous culture information and, if available, an institution-specific antibiogram (ABGM). Most institutions antibiograms exclude cultures from individuals with cystic fibrosis, imposing challenges with empiric antimicrobial selection and monitoring susceptibility patterns over time. A cystic fibrosis-specific antibiogram may help drive population-specific antimicrobial selection and improve antimicrobial stewardship.

Implications Of Covid-19 In High Burden Countries For Hiv/Tb: A Systematic Review Of Evidence, Jacques L. Tamuzi, Birhanu T. Ayele, Constance Shumba, Olatunji O. Adetokunboh, Jeannine Uwimana-Nicol, Zelalem T. Haile, Joseph Inugu, Peter S. Nyasulu

School of Nursing & Midwifery, East Africa

Background: The triple burden of COVID-19, tuberculosis and human immunodeficiency virus is one of the major global health challenges of the twenty-first century. In high burden HIV/TB countries, the spread of COVID-19 among people living with HIV is a well-founded concern. A thorough understanding of HIV/TB and COVID-19 pandemics is important as the three diseases interact. This may clarify HIV/TB/COVID-19 as a newly related field. However, several gaps remain in the knowledge of the burden of COVID-19 on patients with TB and HIV. This study was conducted to review different studies on SARS-CoV, MERS-CoV or COVID-19 associated with HIV/TB co-infection …

Surprisingly Low Levels Of Measles Immunity In Persons With Hiv: A Seroprevalence Survey In A United States Hiv Clinic, Lindsey Rearigh, Jennifer O'Neill, Maureen Kubat, Harlan Sayles, Susan Swindells, Sara Bares

Journal Articles: Infectious Diseases

Background: Measles outbreaks have become increasingly common due to deteriorating vaccination rates, fluctuating herd immunity, and varying antibody decline. Limited knowledge exists regarding prevalence and risk factors associated with measles seronegativity among persons with HIV (PWH).

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at an academic HIV clinic in Omaha, Nebraska. Participants were screened for the presence of measles IgG antibody. Demographic and clinical information was obtained through electronic medical record review. Simple and multivariable logistic regressions were performed to identify risk factors for measles seronegativity.

Results: Three hundred fifty-one participants were enrolled, with a measles seroprevalence rate of 70.3%. …

Complex Reconstruction After Extreme Fournier’S Gangrene; A Case Report, Serban Dumitrache, Leonida A. Goman, Raluca Dutu, Raluca Capatina, Carmen Giuglea, Dan M. Enescu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

In this article we present a severe case of Fournier's gangrene (FG) that affected a 64-year-old male patient, with no other known comorbidities. FG is a type of necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal and genital regions, that affects mostly males in the 5th-7th decades, with mortality rates that reach 70%. The infection usually advances through the superficial fascial layers of the perineum and abdomen and affects the skin. In our case the infection also affected the spermatic fasciae and advanced in the abdominal and pelvic cavities, abdominal muscles, and surrounding soft tissues. Subsequent debridement left the patient with large soft …

Covid-19 Outbreak Impact On Plastic Surgery Residents From Romania, Cristina N. Marina, Daniela E. Gheoca-Mutu, Laura Răducu, Adelaida Avino, Lăcrămioara A. Brîndușe, Corina M. Stefan, Razvan V. Scaunasu, Cristian R. Jecan

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The COVID-19 outbreak triggered a global crisis with long-term effects on people’s daily lives. It has altered surgical practice and education and imposed major changes in healthcare systems and resources. In order to analyze the impact the COVID-19 pandemic has had on Romanian Plastic Surgery residents, we carried out an anonymous questionnaire through Google forms. Survey items addressed aspects such as how the pandemic has affected their surgical practice, their exposure to the virus, and the protective measures that have been implemented to minimize risk. Among other results, our study found that nearly 1 in 5 respondents had contact with …

Work Place Impact On Mental Wellbeing Of Frontline Doctors, Vishnupriya Veeraraghavan, Krishnan Srinivasan

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Background. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19, also known as 2019-nCoV), a cluster of acute respiratory illness with unknown causes, has occurred in India since January 2020. Over the past several months, the entire world is struggling to cope with and contain the virus spread. Several studies showed that mental health problems could occur in both healthcare workers and SARS survivors during the SARS epidemic. Considering the geographical variation, dense population, multi-strata health care structure, and rising COVID cases in South India, we have a reason to speculate that the burden on the frontline doctors is high and their psychological condition …

Assessing Test Anxiety And Resilience Among Greek Adolescents During Covid-19 Pandemic, Sofia Sakka, Vasiliki Aliki Nikopoulou, Eleni Bonti, Paraskevi Tatsiopoulou, Panayiota Karamouzi, Aikaterini Giazkoulidou, Virginia Tsipropoulou, Eleni Parlapani, Vasiliki Holeva, Ioannis Diakogiannis

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The aim of the present study was to explore the impact of school year’s extension due to the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) by addressing test anxiety and by studying the coping strategies adolescents used to overcome it. For the majority of the adolescents the final exams can be a powerful source of stress, since the entrance examinations are required for admission into higher education and further reflect the transition to adulthood. The sample consisted of 67 High School students and the data collection was conducted online due to the imposed measures by the Greek government. Results showed normal or average levels …

Intestinal Microbiota – A Possible Contributor To Cardiovascular Diseases?, Roua Iorga, Ovidiu Gabriel Bratu, Nicolae Bacalbasa, Mihnea-Alexandru Gaman, Camelia Cristina Diaconu

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

The intestinal microbiota represents an interesting and emergent field of research, with already known implications in metabolic and immunological functions. Recently, there is increasing evidence that specific gut microbial populations are associated with cardiovascular diseases. Numerous completed and ongoing studies aim to evaluate the potential of intestinal microbiota assessment to improve the prevention, diagnosis, and therapeutic arsenal of cardiovascular diseases, considering dysbiosis as a cardiovascular risk factor. There is strong evidence for a correlation between intestinal flora imbalance and metabolic changes secondary to bacterial metabolites. In this minireview, we discuss recent data about the connections between intestinal microbiota and cardiovascular …

Composition And Modification Of The Lung Microbiome In Patients With Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis, Victoria Maria Ruta, Teodora Gabriela Alexescu, Ana Rodica Ungur, Milena Adina Man, Victoria Georgiana Sfirlea, Iulia Olimpia Pfingstgraf, Nicoleta Motoc, Carmen Monica Pop

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Lungs have long been considered sterile, but recent research has shown that a large number of microbiological organisms exist in the lungs of healthy subjects (including bacteria, fungi, and viruses), collectively known as the microbiome. It undergoes changes in patients with respiratory pathology. Studies in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis show that a large number of bacteria or the abundant presence of potentially pathogenic bacteria can cause disease progression and exacerbation, and can implicitly increase mortality. There seems to be a quantitative balance, a well-established proportion between the components of this microbiome, which is disturbed during a disease and can reach a …

Hepatitis C Virus: Host, Environmental And Viral Factors Promoting Spontaneous Clearance, Sergiu Ioan Micu, Marilena Musat, Andrada Dumitru, Dan Nicolae Paduraru, Anca Rogoveanu, Anca Dumitriu, Stana Paunica, Cristian Balalau, Roxana Emanuela Popoiag

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a pathogenic entity which determines inflammation and liver damage through complex immune mechanisms. Although progress has been made in managing the disease course, chronic infection still remains a significant cause of morbidity and mortality to this day. Because both acute and chronic infection are often asymptomatic, chronic infection is frequently diagnosed when its complications have developed. In a small proportion of cases, the chronic infection does not develop, the immune system managing to cleanse the body from this silent pathogen in the absence of specific treatment, a process called spontaneous viral clearance, which occurs rarely, …

A Functional K+ Channel From Tetraselmis Virus 1, A Member Of The Mimiviridae, Kerri Kukovetz, Brigitte Hertel, Christopher R. Schvarcz, Andrea Saponaro, Mirja Manthey, Ulrike Burk, Timo Greiner, Grieg F. Steward, James L. Van Etten, Anna Moroni, Gerhard Thiel, Oliver Rauh

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Potassium ion (K+) channels have been observed in diverse viruses that infect eukaryotic marine and freshwater algae. However, experimental evidence for functional K+ channels among these alga-infecting viruses has thus far been restricted to members of the family Phycodnaviridae, which are large, double-stranded DNA viruses within the phylum Nucleocytoviricota. Recent sequencing projects revealed that alga-infecting members of Mimiviridae, another family within this phylum, may also contain genes encoding K+ channels. Here we examine the structural features and the functional properties of putative K+ channels from four cultivated members of Mimiviridae. While all four proteins contain variations …

Case Report: Tocilizumab For The Treatment Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection In A Patient With Aplastic Anemia, Gina Keiffer, Zach French, Lindsay Wilde, Joanne Filicko-O'Hara, Usama Gergis, Adam Binder

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

While cytokine storm develops in a minority of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, novel treatment approaches are desperately needed for those in whom it does. Tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor antibody, has been utilized for the treatment of cytokine storm in a number of severe inflammatory conditions, including in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we present the first published case utilizing this therapy in a patient with underlying immunodeficiency. Our patient with aplastic anemia developed cytokine storm due to COVID-19 manifested by fever, severe hypoxia, pulmonary infiltrates, and elevated inflammatory markers. Following treatment …

B. The Effects Of The Safety Zone Process On Perception Of Safety, Workflow, Wellbeing And Teamwork When Caring For Covid-19 Patients, Claudia Skinner

Year of the Nurse: Clinical Scholarship Presentations

No abstract provided.

A. Keynote: Broadcasting Stress In The Covid-19 Pandemic: Media, Collective Trauma, & Well-Being, E. Alison Holman (Invited Keynote Speaker)

Year of the Nurse: Clinical Scholarship Presentations

No abstract provided.

C. Blind Taste Testing: A Case Study Of An Emergency Room Rn With Covid-19 Anosmia & Hypogeusia (Loss Of Smell & Taste), Marietta Sperry, Kimberly Kohlieber

Year of the Nurse: Clinical Scholarship Presentations

No abstract provided.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 2, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Collins, Michael. Rough Start – COVID-19
• Thornton, Maggie. What a WKU Student Learned from Her Experience with COVID-19
• Harkreader, Dylan & Debra Murray. Programs That Rely On Hands-on Learning Adapt to Virtual Courses
• Meyer-Thornton, Zane. Keep It Going
• Hurst, Courtney, Robin Lester & Trenton Peyton. What Is Intercultural Student Engagement Center?
• Sisler, Julie. WKU Grad Student: It’s On the Administration, Not the Students
• Kieser, Nick. Football Takes Precautions to Kick Off Season COVID-Free
• Warner, Casey: Setting Up – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Making It Safe to …

Ppe Compliance And Knowledge Among Healthcare Staff, Beatrice Hagert, Nicole Krummel

Nursing DNP Projects

Abstract

Problem: One of the most important steps in infection prevention is the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) to protect patients and staff from infectious agents; yet, research indicates that PPE compliance remains suboptimal in many healthcare institutions.

Purpose: To identify the effect of a multidisciplinary education campaign on PPE compliance and knowledge among healthcare workers (HCWs) on a rehabilitation unit of a large, midwestern teaching hospital.

Methods: This project utilized pre-intervention observational audits and a survey to determine baseline PPE compliance and knowledge on the piloted units. A post-intervention survey was sent to HCW to assess for a …

Defining The Proteolytic Landscape During Enterovirus Infection., Mohsan Saeed, Sebastian Kapell, Nicholas T Hertz, Xianfang Wu, Kierstin Bell, Alison W Ashbrook, Milica Tesic Mark, Henry A Zebroski, Maxwell L Neal, Malin Flodström-Tullberg, Margaret R Macdonald, John D Aitchison, Henrik Molina, Charles M Rice

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

Viruses cleave cellular proteins to remodel the host proteome. The study of these cleavages has revealed mechanisms of immune evasion, resource exploitation, and pathogenesis. However, the full extent of virus-induced proteolysis in infected cells is unknown, mainly because until recently the technology for a global view of proteolysis within cells was lacking. Here, we report the first comprehensive catalog of proteins cleaved upon enterovirus infection and identify the sites within proteins where the cleavages occur. We employed multiple strategies to confirm protein cleavages and assigned them to one of the two enteroviral proteases. Detailed characterization of one substrate, LSM14A, a …