Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons^™

The Role Of The Triglyceride-Glucose Index As A Biomarker Of Cardio-Metabolic Syndromes, Verena Gounden, Sridevi Devaraj, Ishwarlal Jialal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The Triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index represents a simple, cost-effective, and valid proxy for insulin resistance. This surrogate marker has also been proposed as a predictor of metabolic and cardiovascular disease (CVD). In this descriptive review, we aimed to assess the utility of the TyG index as a predictive biomarker of cardiometabolic diseases.

METHODS: A search was conducted in PubMed, and Web of Science to identify cross-sectional and more importantly prospective studies examining the use of the TyG index as a predictive biomarker. The following terms were utilized in addition to the TyG index: "insulin resistance", "metabolic syndrome", "diabetes"; "cardiovascular diseases". …

Phenotypic And Genetic Heterogeneity Of A Pakistani Cohort Of 15 Consanguineous Families Segregating Variants In Leber Congenital Amaurosis-Associated Genes, Zainab Akhtar, Sumaira Altaf, Yumei Li, Sana Bibi, Jamal Shah, Kiran Afshan, Meng Wang, Hafiz Muhammad Jafar Hussain, Nadeem Qureshi, Rui Chen, Sabika Firasat

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background: Leber congenital amaurosis (LCA) is a congenital onset severe form of inherited retinal dystrophy (IRD) and a common cause of pediatric blindness. Disease-causing variants in at least 14 genes are reported to predispose LCA phenotype. LCA is inherited as an autosomal recessive disease. It can be an isolated eye disorder or as part of a syndrome, such as Senior Loken or Joubert syndrome. Sequencing studies from consanguineous populations have proven useful for novel variants identification; thus, the present study aimed to explore the genetic heterogeneity of 15 consanguineous Pakistani families, each segregating a severe IRD phenotype using targeted next …

Assessing The Reach Of Health Access Resources In Indianapolis For Populations With Low Income, Kyler A. Casbon, Kai J. Gatting, Simran Nadig, Isabella K. Peckinpaugh, Alexandre A. Sauquet, Kourtney A. D. Byrd, Megan E. Conklin, Gicella Garcia, Mitchell L. Struewing, Omolola A. Adeoye-Olatunde

Purdue Journal of Service-Learning and International Engagement

Two public health crises that the United States are contending with are diabetes and the prevalence of opioid overdoses, both of which have a significant impact on communities nationwide. Inequities in social conditions contribute to health disparities amidst these diabetes and opioid overdose public health crises nationally and locally. To address these health inequities in Indianapolis, Indiana, the the Purdue University Center for Health Excellence, Quality and Innovation (CHEQI) shaped relationships through their CHAMP (Community Health Access Model Partnerships) services with local food pantries and homeless shelters, providing Indianapolis residents pre-diabetes screening and resources and convenient access to and education …

Interventions For Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People With Type 2 Diabetes That Modify Its Management And Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review, Ciying Tan, Zoe Williams, Mohammad Ashraful Islam, Ray Kelly, Tuguy Esgin, Elif I. Ekinci

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Objectives: To review studies of interventions for reducing the impact of type 2 diabetes in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people. The primary aim was to review and summarise the characteristics and findings of the interventions. The secondary aims were to assess their effects on diabetes and cardiometabolic risk factors, and the proportions of people with type 2 diabetes who achieved therapeutic targets with each intervention. Study design: We searched eight electronic databases for publications of studies including Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 years or older with diagnoses of type 2 diabetes, describing one or more diabetes …

Ai-Enabled Wearable Cameras For Assisting Dietary Assessment In African Populations, Frank P-W Lo, Jianing Qiu, Modou L Jobarteh, Yingnan Sun, Zeyu Wang, Shuo Jiang, Tom Baranowski, Alex K Anderson, Megan A Mccrory, Edward Sazonov, Wenyan Jia, Mingui Sun, Matilda Steiner-Asiedu, Gary Frost, Benny Lo

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

We have developed a population-level method for dietary assessment using low-cost wearable cameras. Our approach, EgoDiet, employs an egocentric vision-based pipeline to learn portion sizes, addressing the shortcomings of traditional self-reported dietary methods. To evaluate the functionality of this method, field studies were conducted in London (Study A) and Ghana (Study B) among populations of Ghanaian and Kenyan origin. In Study A, EgoDiet's estimations were contrasted with dietitians' assessments, revealing a performance with a Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE) of 31.9% for portion size estimation, compared to 40.1% for estimates made by dietitians. We further evaluated our approach in Study …

Point Of Care Ultrasound For Gastric Residual: An Objective Structured Clinical Examination, Brandon Quinn, Kaitlyn Gray

Doctoral Projects

Point of care ultrasound (POCUS) has become an invaluable tool in modern medical practice offering real-time diagnostic and procedural guidance for anesthesia providers. POCUS is a non-invasive assessment tool that gives anesthesia insight into a quantitative assessment of gastric residuals. Furthermore, POCUS assessments are useful in preventing anesthetic complications that can cause major morbidity and mortality such as aspiration pneumonia. Despite the growing relevance, formalized training on POCUS for assessing gastric residuals remains limited in many nurse anesthesia programs. The University of Southern Mississippi currently lacks a standardized curriculum for teaching student registered nurse anesthetists how to utilize gastric ultrasound …

Joint Association Of Tyg Index And High Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein With Cardiovascular Disease: A National Cohort Study, Cancan Cui, Lin Liu, Yitian Qi, Ning Han, Haikun Xu, Zhijia Wang, Xinyun Shang, Tianjiao Han, Yining Zha, Xin Wei, Zhiyuan Wu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Both the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, as a surrogate marker of insulin resistance, and systemic inflammation are predictors of cardiovascular diseases; however, little is known about the coexposures and relative contributions of TyG index and inflammation to cardiovascular diseases. Using the nationally representative data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), we conducted longitudinal analyses to evaluate the joint and mutual associations of the TyG index and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) with cardiovascular events in middle-aged and older Chinese population. Methods: This study comprised 8 658 participants aged at least 45 years from the CHARLS 2011 who are …

Impacts Of Double Biopsy And Double Vitrification On The Clinical Outcomes Following Euploid Blastocyst Transfer: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Kate Bickendorf, Fang Qi, Kelli Peirce, Rui Wang, Jay Natalwala, Vincent Chapple, Yanhe Liu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

STUDY QUESTION: Compared to the 'single biopsy + single vitrification' approach, do 'double biopsy + double vitrification' or 'single biopsy + double vitrification' arrangements compromise subsequent clinical outcomes following euploidy blastocyst transfer? SUMMARY ANSWER: Both 'double biopsy + double vitrification' and 'single biopsy + double vitrification' led to reduced live birth/ongoing pregnancy rates and clinical pregnancy rates. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY?: It is not uncommon to receive inconclusive results following blastocyst biopsy and preimplantation genetic testing for aneuploidy (PGT-A). Often these blastocysts are warmed for re-test after a second biopsy, experiencing 'double biopsy + double vitrification'. Furthermore, to achieve better …

Machine Learning And Evaluation Of Diabetes Risk Using 2022 Brfss Data, Addie Weaver

Masters Theses

This research analyzes Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2022 with three machine learning models, Neural Network, Random Forest, and Support Vector Machine, to determine and compare the models’ accuracy rate of diabetes prediction. Principal Component Analysis was employed to determine principal factors of diabetes risk. Results show that the Neural Network is most accurate at 90.09 percent at predicting diabetes. Factors increasing diabetes risk include alcohol consumption, smoking, and self-perceived mental and physical health.

Relative Uptake Of Tomato Carotenoids By In Vitro Intestinal And Prostate Cancer Cells, Nancy E Moran, Brianna Alexander, Shivi Garg, Nathan Marchant, Noor A Hason

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Background: Consumption of tomatoes and tomato carotenoids is associated with a reduced risk of prostate cancer. Prostate tissue accumulates tomato carotenoids, including lycopene, β-carotene, and phytoene. Phytoene accumulation is relatively greater in the prostate than that of lycopene, but the metabolic determinants of tissue carotenoid profiles are poorly understood.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine if differences in stability, cellular uptake, and clearance of phytoene compared with lycopene or β-carotene by prostate and intestinal cells may explain differences in observed tissue carotenoid profiles.

Methods: Gene and protein expression for carotenoid metabolism in prostate cell lines were analyzed …

Random C-Peptide And Islet Antibodies At Onset Predict Β Cell Function Trajectory And Insulin Dependence In Pediatric Diabetes, Mustafa Tosur, Saima Deen, Xiaofan Huang, Serife Uysal, Marcela Astudillo, Richard A Oram, Maria J Redondo, Farook Jahoor, Ashok Balasubramanyam

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Objective: Identification of prognostic biomarkers in pediatric diabetes is important for precision medicine. We assessed whether C-peptide and islet autoantibodies are useful to predict the natural history of children with new-onset diabetes.

Methods: We prospectively studied 72 children with new-onset diabetes (median follow-up: 8 months) by applying the Aβ classification system ("A+": islet autoantibody positive, "β+": random serum C-peptide ≥1.3 ng/mL at diagnosis). Beta-cell function was assessed longitudinally with 2 hours postprandial/stimulated urinary C-peptide-to-creatinine ratio (UCPCR) 3-12 weeks (V1) and 6 to 12 months after diagnosis (V2). We obtained a type 1 diabetes genetic risk score for each participant, and …

Are Prediction Models Moving Closer To Clinical Application In The Diagnosis Of Type Of Diabetes In Youth?, Fida Bacha

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Associations Between Metabolic Disorders And Sjögren’S Disease, Chihiro Iwaya, Junichi Iwata

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Sjögren’s disease (SjD) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by dry eyes and mouth caused by chronic inflammation and is often accompanied by various extra-glandular manifestations, including fatigue and diffuse pain. Although the pathogenesis of the disease remains elusive, several factors (e.g. environmental, genetic and hormonal factors, abnormal metabolic status) are associated with this condition. Accumulating evidence suggests a potential role of cholesterol metabolism in immune and non-immune modulation in various diseases. In this review, we summarize the current findings on the associations between cholesterol metabolism and SjD.

Economic Disadvantage During Childhood, Obesity, And Diabetes Across Three Birth Cohorts Of Older Mexicans, Jesús-Daniel Zazueta-Borboa, Rafael Samper-Ternent, Rebeca Wong, Neil Mehta

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVES: Diabetes prevalence has increased markedly in Mexico. We examined the individual and joint contributions of economic disadvantage during childhood (EDDC) and elevated body weight on diabetes prevalence in 3 cohorts of Mexican adults.

METHODS: Data on those 60-69 years old from the 1930-1939, 1940-1949, and 1950-1959 birth cohorts in Waves 1 (2001), 3 (2012), and 5 (2018) of the Mexican Health and Aging Study were used. EDDC was defined as the absence of a toilet in the household before age 10. Body mass status was defined using self-reported perceived body image at age 50. Diabetes was based on respondent …

Hunting For Heroes: Brain Neurons Mediating Glp-1r Agonists In Obesity Treatment, Yuhan Cao, Qingchun Tong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) have proven to be highly effective in reducing obesity across species and ages, gaining unmet popularity in clinical treatments against obesity. Although extensive research efforts have been made to explore how the brain regulates body weight homeostasis including the effect brought up by GLP-1 and its synthetic analogs GLP-1RAs, the identity of neurons and neural pathways that are responsible for the observed anti-obesity effect of GLP-1RAs remain largely elusive. Excitingly, three recent high-profile studies presented compelling evidence that each argues for the importance of GLP-1Rs in the dorsomedial hypothalamus, hindbrain, or lateral septum, …

Exploring Treatment Burden In People With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Thematic Analysis In China's Primary Care Settings, Kai Lin, Mi Yao, Lesley Andrew, Rouyan Li, Yilin Chen, Jacques Oosthuizen, Moira Sim, Yongsong Chen

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Understanding treatment burden is a critical element to the effective management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The current study aims to address the knowledge gap surrounding treatment burden of T2DM from the patient’s perspective in China’s primary care settings. Methods: A narrative review informed the creation of an a priori coding structure to identify aspects of T2DM treatment burden. Focus groups were conducted, employing a maximum variation sampling strategy to select participants from diverse sociodemographic backgrounds across urban, suburban, rural, and remote areas in China. Participants included adults with T2DM care in primary care settings for over a …

Measurement Of Cumulative High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein And Monocyte To High-Density Lipoprotein Ratio In The Risk Prediction Of Type 2 Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study, Dan Wu, Genyuan Chen, Yulong Lan, Shuohua Chen, Xiong Ding, Chiju Wei, Lois Balmer, Wei Wang, Shouling Wu, Wencan Xu

Research outputs 2022 to 2026

Background: Converging data have suggested that monocytic inflammation and C-reactive protein (CRP) are biologically intertwined processes and are involved in diabetogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between systemic inflammation assessed by joint cumulative high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CumCRP) and monocyte to high-density lipoprotein ratio (CumMHR) and incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) and their predictive value for T2D in a general population.

Methods: A total of 40,813 nondiabetic participants from a prospective real-life cohort (Kailuan Study, China) were followed biennially from 2010/2011 until December 31, 2020. Multivariable Cox regression analyses were conducted to evaluate the adjusted hazard ratios (aHRs) of …

Maturity-Onset Diabetes Of The Young: A Proposal For Updated Nomenclature, Mustafa Tosur

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Given the contemporary understanding of diabetes genetics, the term "maturity-onset diabetes of the young (MODY)" warrants renaming. I propose adopting the term "monogenic diabetes" in conjunction with the specific gene name.

Validation Studies Of The Flash-Tv System To Passively Measure Children’S Tv Viewing, Anil Kumar Vadathya, Tatyana Garza, Uzair Alam, Alex Ho, Salma M A Musaad, Alicia Beltran, Jennette P Moreno, Tom Baranowski, Nimah Haidar, Sheryl O Hughes, Jason A Mendoza, Ashok Veeraraghavan, Joseph Young, Akane Sano, Teresia M O'Connor

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

TV viewing is associated with health risks, but existing measures of TV viewing are imprecise due to relying on self-report. We developed the Family Level Assessment of Screen use in the Home (FLASH)-TV, a machine learning pipeline with state-of-the-art computer vision methods to measure children's TV viewing. In three studies, lab pilot (n = 10), lab validation (n = 30), and home validation (n = 20), we tested the validity of FLASH-TV 3.0 in task-based protocols which included video observations of children for 60 min. To establish a gold-standard to compare FLASH-TV output, the videos were labeled by trained staff …

American Society For Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery Review Of Body Composition, Jonathan Carter, Farah Husain, Pavlos Papasavas, Salvatore Docimo, Vance Albaugh, Laura Aylward, Cynthia Blalock, Sue Benson-Davies

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although the body mass index (BMI) has been used as a measure of obesity for decades, it is now possible to measure adiposity more directly with technologies that can quantitate body fat and other tissues. The purpose of this review is to understand body composition, describe the different ways to measure it, review changes in body composition after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), and provide guidance on how providers can introduce measurements of body composition into their everyday practice.

American Society For Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery Review Of The Body Mass Index, Jonathan Carter, Farah Husain, Pavlos Papasavas, Salvatore Docimo, Vance Albaugh, Laura Aylward, Cynthia Blalock, Sue Benson-Davies

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The body mass index was first described almost 200 years ago and has since been used as a measure of obesity. This review describes the history, advantages, disadvantages, and alternatives to the body mass index in the care of the metabolic and bariatric surgical patient.

Association Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus With Sensorineural Hearing Loss - A Population-Based Analysis, Marwin Li, Natalie Perlov, Jena Patel, Dev Amin, Ayan Kumar, Zachary D. Urdang, Thomas O. Willcox, Rebecca C. Chiffer

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery Faculty Papers

OBJECTIVE: To test the hypothesis that patients with poorly controlled type 2 diabetes mellitus are more likely to develop sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) than non-diabetic patients.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study.

SETTING: TriNetX US Collaborative Network (2003-2022).

METHODS: Electronic medical record data from the TriNetX US Collaborative Network was queried for subjects without prior hearing loss, defined using medical billing codes (ICD-10, CPT, etc.), who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus after January 2003. Patients were stratified by most recent HbA1c (8.0-13.9% or ≥14.0%) and by age at diagnosis (21-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, 61-70, ≥71 years). Primary outcome was …

The Impact Of Diabetes Mellitus On Hiv Virologic Control: Results Of The Macs/Wihs Combined Cohort Study, Sarah C Mann, Weiqun Tong, Alison G Abraham, Frank Palella, Anjali Sharma, Phyllis C Tien, Margaret A Fischl, Samy I Mcfarlane, Cecile D Lahiri, Susan Koletar, Daniel Merenstein, Michelle Floris-Moore, Jordan E Lake, Elizabeth Daubert, Aubri Hickman, Todd T Brown, Jose Castillo-Mancilla

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is associated with lower antiretroviral (ART) drug exposure among persons with HIV (PWH) compared to PWH without DM. The association between DM and virologic control in PWH, however, remains unknown.

Methods: We included participants in the Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study/Women's Interagency HIV Study Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS) who had initiated ART between 1999 and 2020 and had a suppressed HIV viral load (≤200 copies/ml) within 1 year of ART initiation. We compared the frequency of incident HIV viremia (HIV-1 RNA >200 copies/ml) between adult PWH with and without DM. Poisson regression was used to examine the …

Driving Healthy Behaviors Through Social Support: The Role Of Co-Responsibility In Weight Loss And Maintenance, Melanie Knufinke-Meyfroyt, Carlo Lancia, Yentl Lodewijks, Simon Nienhuijs, Eva Deckers

Patient Experience Journal

Objective: The effectiveness of out of hospital lifestyle interventions in healthcare is likely co-dependent on social support from involved one's. We sought to investigate the interrelationships between patient-partner Co-responsibility, Spousal Support, and Self-efficacy and the mechanisms through which they contribute to health behaviors and outcomes relevant to weight loss and maintenance. Methods: Co-responsibility, Spousal Support, self-efficacy, health outcomes and health behaviors like total weight loss, physical activity, OBESI-Q, and health satisfaction were assessed through a questionnaire among 868 individuals attempting to lose weight. Full and semi-partial correlations were used to understand the association between Co-responsibility, Spousal Support, Self-efficacy …

Sleep Architecture Changes In Diabetes., Yuanjie Mao

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

Data on the relationship between sleep architecture and diabetes are limited. However, some evidence suggests that slow-wave sleep (SWS) plays a crucial role in maintaining normal glucose homeostasis and influences insulin secretion capacity. Diabetes is often associated with reduced SWS, even in the absence of sleep-disordered breathing. Notably, selective suppression of SWS-without reducing total sleep time-can lead to significant increases in insulin resistance, decreased glucose tolerance, and a higher risk of diabetes. Given the growing interest in non-pharmacological lifestyle interventions, such as modifying sleep architecture, it is important to understand how sleep patterns differ in individuals with diabetes and whether …

Type 1 Diabetes And The Gut Microbiome: What We Know And What The Future Holds, Angela Chen, Jyotsna Chawla, Cyril Blavo

HCA-NSU MD Research Day

Type 1 Diabetes and the Gut Microbiome: What We Know and What the Future Holds Angela Chen, OMS-II, Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine Objective. This paper explores the current understanding of the relationship between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and the gut microbiome, focusing on how the gastrointestinal microbial communities may contribute to autoimmune responses associated with T1D. Background. While the exact etiology of T1D remains unclear, it is widely recognized that its development results from a complex interplay of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and lifestyle choices. Recent research has highlighted the significant role of the gut microbiome …

Observing The Impacts Of Different Diets On Clinical Outcomes In Patients With Alzheimer's Disease: A Scoping Review, Erjola Toska, Alessandra Ottley, Quinn Jackson, Rachel Fricker, Alexa Carleo, Gabriella Cutrali, Olivia D’Alessio, Raquel Rossman, Samuel Kruchakov, Abraham Edelstein, Lubov Nathanson

HCA-NSU MD Research Day

Observing the Impacts of Different Diets on Clinical Outcomes in patients with Alzheimer's disease: A Scoping Review Authors: Quinn Jackson, OMS-III; Rachel Fricker,OMS-III; Erjola Toska, OMS-III; Alessandra Ottley,OMS-III; Alexa Carleo,OMS-III; Gabriella Cutrali, OMS-III; Olivia D’Alessio, OMS-III; Raquel Rossman, OMS-III; Samuel Kruchakov, OMS-III; Abraham Edelstein,OMS-III; Lubov Nathanson, Ph.D. Program: Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Florida Objectives: This study aimed to assess the literature published from 2013 to 2023 on the impact of diet on Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Background: AD is primarily marked by β-amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles, which impair neuronal synapses, leading to memory …

Evaluating Tirzepatide's Therapeutic Potential In Mitigating Obesity-Associated Comorbidities, Zaneh Kahook, Talaya Jones, Carina Bryan, Mayur Parmar

HCA-NSU MD Research Day

Objective: The study aims to explore the therapeutic potential of dual GIP/GLP-1 agonist tirzepatide in managing obesity and its associated manifestations, including obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), hidradenitis suppurativa (HS), and obesity-associated cancer (OAC) risks. Background: OSA and HS are the associated comorbidities noted in persons with obesity. Obesity has been associated with an increased risk of cancers, such as breast cancer. Reducing obesity could improve these conditions. Tirzepatide has demonstrated efficacy in reducing body weight, but its benefits in obesity-related conditions and cancer risk need further investigation. Methods: Data was synthesized from peer-reviewed literature on tirzepatide. Additional sources were identified …

Be Suspicious Of Supplements: A Case Of Exogenous Cushing Syndrome From Hidden Ingredient, Brittany Puebla, Leidy Huie Martinez Md, Carlos Correa Md, Jose Melendez Md, Gerald Chang, Roberto Ruiz Md

HCA-NSU MD Research Day

Introduction: Cushing syndrome, resulting from hypercortisolism, can be caused by both exogenous glucocorticoid use and endogenous production. While exogenous Cushing Syndrome is usually associated with known glucocorticoid exposure, the risk of occult use through over-the-counter (OTC) supplements is a growing concern. Case Presentation: 60-year-old male presented to the ED with worsening dyspnea, bilateral lower extremity swelling, and intermittent chest pain. He was admitted for suspected congestive heart failure (CHF) exacerbation. Medical history includes obesity, hypertension, diabetes, and CHF. On day 2, a Cushinoid appearance was noted on physical exam with BLE muscle wasting, round faces, and prominent central obesity with …

The Complex Relationship Between Tuberculosis And Hyperglycemia, Michelle Byers, Elizabeth Guy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Hyperglycemia and tuberculosis are dual global pandemics. Each has a propulsive and amplifying effect on the other, and, because of this, we must consider hyperglycemia and tuberculosis together. Hyperglycemia is immunosuppressive and increases the risk of tuberculosis by threefold. It also leads to a more advanced presentation of pulmonary tuberculosis, thus increasing the likelihood of being smear positive and having cavitating lesions, and it impacts the duration and outcomes of treatment, with an increased one year mortality seen in patients with tuberculosis and diabetes. Additionally, any degree of hyperglycemia can have an impact on susceptibility to tuberculosis, and this effect …