Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons^™

The Vhl/Hif Axis In The Development And Treatment Of Pheochromocytoma/Paraganglioma, Song Peng, Jun Zhang, Xintao Tan, Yiqiang Huang, Jing Xu, Natalie Silk, Dianzheng Zhang, Qiuli Liu, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Works

Pheochromocytomas and paragangliomas (PPGLs) are rare neuroendocrine tumors originating from chromaffin cells in the adrenal medulla (PCCs) or extra-adrenal sympathetic or parasympathetic paraganglia (PGLs). About 40% of PPGLs result from germline mutations and therefore they are highly inheritable. Although dysfunction of any one of a panel of more than 20 genes can lead to PPGLs, mutations in genes involved in the VHL/HIF axis including

Guggulsterone Activates Adipocyte Beiging Through Direct Effects On 3t3-L1 Adipocytes And Indirect Effects Mediated Through Raw264.7 Macrophages., Colette N Miller, Janaiya S Samuels, Yusra Azhar, Ashish Parmar, Rangaiah Shashidharamurthy, Srujana Rayalam

PCOM Scholarly Works

Background: Plant-derived phytochemicals have been of emerging interest as anti-obesity compounds due to their apparent effects on promoting reduced lipid accumulation in adipocytes. Despite such promising evidence, little is known about the potential mechanisms behind their anti-obesity effects. The aim of this study is to establish potential anti-obesity effects of the phytochemical guggulsterone (GS). Methods: Mature 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with GS, derived from the guggul plant native in northern India, to investigate its effects on mitochondrial biogenesis and adipocyte "beiging." Further, to explore the relationship between macrophages and adipocytes, 3T3-L1s were treated with conditioned media from GS-treated RAW264.7 macrophages. …

The Feasibility Of A Behavioral Group Intervention After Weight-Loss Surgery: A Randomized Pilot Trial, Michelle R. Lent, Laura K Campbell, Mackenzie C Kelly, Jessica L Lawson, Jessica M Murakami, Sasha Gorrell, G Craig Wood, Marianne M Yohn, Stephanie Ranck, Anthony T Petrick, Krystal Cunningham, Megan E Lamotte, Christopher D Still

PCOM Scholarly Works

BACKGROUND: Formal psychosocial support programs after weight-loss surgery are limited in scope and availability.

OBJECTIVE: This randomized pilot study evaluated the feasibility of a postoperative behavioral intervention program.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Postoperative weight-loss surgery patients (N = 50) were recruited from February 2017-July 2017 and randomized to a four-month behavioral program or usual care wait-list. Outcomes evaluated in addition to feasibility included health-related quality of life (Short Form -36), psychosocial functioning and adherence. Secondary outcomes included within-group changes for each outcome.

RESULTS: Out of eight possible sessions, intervention participants attended a mean of 4.2 sessions. Intervention group participants experienced greater …

Does Whole Body Vibration Therapy Improve Balance In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus?, Samantha L. Aksu

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not whole body vibration (WBV) therapy improves balance in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM).

STUDY DESIGN: A review of three peer-reviewed studies published between 2013 and 2015.

DATA SOURCES: Two randomized controlled trials and one case series. Using PubMed and Google Scholar, studies were selected if they assessed the effects of whole body vibration therapy on improving balance in diabetic patients, and whether the outcomes were patient oriented.

UTCOMES MEASURED: The outcome measured in this study was balance, which was assessed using the Timed Up …

Is Low-Level Laser Therapy (Lllt) Effective In Reducing Pain And Ulcer Size In Diabetic Patients With Foot Ulcers?, Corey J. Elmer

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not Low-level laser therapy (LLLT) is an effective therapy in reducing pain and ulcer size in diabetic patients with foot ulcers.

STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review of three randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from peer reviewed journals, published in 2015, 2016 and 2017.

DATA SOURCES: The studies compare the effectiveness of LLLT versus conventional wound treatment in reducing pain and ulcer size in diabetic patients with foot ulcers. All studies were found using PubMed and CINAHL Plus.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: Pain as perceived by the patient, measured by visual analog …

Is Metoclopramide Effective In Treating Symptoms In Diabetic Gastroparesis?, Prachi Patel

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

Objective: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not is metoclopramide effective in treating symptoms in diabetic gastroparesis?

Study Design: Systematic review of 1 controlled randomized double blinded study, 1 controlled randomized open label study, and 1 controlled open label case analysis published in peer reviewed journals between 2012-2014, all in English language.

Data Sources: 1 randomized double blinded study, 1 randomized open label study, and 1 case analysis comparing symptom reduction of gastroparesis after the intervention of nasal and oral metoclopramide compared to placebo controls. These sources were found using PubMed and OVID.

Outcomes …

Are Soy-Based Proteins, Meals, And Diets An Effective Treatment In Reducing Waist Circumference In Overweight And Obese Adults Ages 20-75 Years?, Lisa Lin

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

Objective: The objective of this evidence based medicine review is to determine whether or not soy-based proteins, meals, and diets are effective treatments in reducing waist circumference in overweight and obese adults ages 20-75 years.

Study design: Review of three published, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published in 2003, 2007, and 2011. All English language.

Data Source: The three randomized controlled trials that used in this review were found using PubMed.

Outcomes measured: The outcomes measured were improvement of patient’s overweight and obesity status and their overall quality of life through the indication of reduced waist circumference. …

Different Ret Gene Mutation-Induced Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2a In 3 Chinese Families, Qiuli Liu, Dali Tong, Wenqiang Yuan, Gaolei Liu, Gang Yuan, Weihua Lan, Dianzheng Zhang, Jun Zhang, Zaoming Huang, Yao Zhang, Jun Jiang

PCOM Scholarly Works

BACKGROUD: Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A (MEN2A) is a condition with inherited autosomal dominant mutations in RET (rearranged during transfection) gene that predisposes the carrier to extremely high risk of medullary thyroid cancer (MTC) and other MEN2A-associated tumors such as parathyroid cancer and/or pheochromocytoma. Little is reported about MEN2A syndrome in the Chinese population.

METHODS: All members of the 3 families along with specific probands of MEN2A were analyzed for their clinical, laboratory, and genetic characteristics. Exome sequencing was performed on the 3 probands, and specific mutation in RET was further screened on each of the family members.

RESULTS: Different …

Phytochemicals As Novel Agents For The Induction Of Browning In White Adipose Tissue, Yusra Azhar, Ashish Parmar, Colette N Miller, Janaiya S Samuels, Srujana Rayalam

PCOM Scholarly Works

Obesity and its associated metabolic syndrome continue to be a health epidemic in westernized societies and is catching up in the developing world. Despite such increases, little headway has been made to reverse adverse weight gain in the global population. Few medical options exist for the treatment of obesity which points to the necessity for exploration of anti-obesity therapies including pharmaceutical and nutraceutical compounds. Defects in brown adipose tissue, a major energy dissipating organ, has been identified in the obese and is hypothesized to contribute to the overall metabolic deficit observed in obesity. Not surprisingly, considerable attention has been placed …

Is Parathyroid Hormone (Pth) Replacement Therapy Effective In Treating Patients With Hypoparathyroidism?, Kaidden G. Kelly

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not “Is Parathyroid Hormone (PTH) replacement therapy an effective treatment for patients with hypoparathyroidism?”

STUDY DESIGN: Review of a randomized control trial published in 2011, a prospective cohort study published in 2013, and a randomized crossover study published in 2012.

DATA SOURCES: All articles used were published in English, and were found in peer-reviewed journals using PubMed.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: The need to remove supplemental calcium from the diet, the amount PTH was used to maintain a normal range, and the method of PTH …

Effects Of Nox-1 Inhibition On Real-Time Blood Nitric Oxide And Hydrogen Peroxide In Acute Hyperglycemia, Ashley Mawhinney

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Hyperglycemia has been associated with vascular endothelial dysfunction in part by a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) production and increased oxidative stress (e.g., increased superoxide (SO) and hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂). Endothelial-derived NO can be significantly reduced by increased SO/H₂O₂ in part by the activation of NADPH oxidase during hyperglycemia. Of the 7 NADPH oxidase isoforms, NADPH oxidase isoform 1 (NOX1) is mainly expressed in the vasculature and may play a major role in hyperglycemia induced oxidative stress and vascular endothelial dysfunction. This hypothesis was tested by measuring blood NO and H2O2 levels in …

Insulin Pump Class: Back To The Basics Of Pump Therapy, Sara Wilson Reece, Cheryl Williams

Research Day

Insulin pump therapy is a common mechanism for insulin delivery in Type 1 diabetes mellitus as well as in some patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus. At the Longstreet Clinic, approximately 3% of patients on insulin therapy utilize insulin pumps. After several patients on insulin pump therapy experienced severe hypoglycemic episodes while driving, the need for review of insulin pump survival skills were identified. The insulin pump class which was conducted in a small group setting reviewed all of the necessary survival skills for effective insulin pump therapy. Pre- and post-class hemoglobin A1c values and emergency room visits as well …

Comparison Of Electrogustometrically Determined Taste Threshold And Phenylthiocarbamide Sensitivity Between Non-Diabetic Subjects With First Degree Relatives With Type 2 Diabetes And Non-Diabetic Subjects Without Type 2 Diabetic First Degree Relatives, Matthew E. Joseph Do

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Diabetes is a systemic degenerative disease, having adverse effects on many different organ systems. Nerve conduction specifically related to taste is one of the affected functions and can lead to altered taste perceptions and taste thresholds. Electrogustometry was used in this study to evaluate taste thresholds, and taste sensitivity was tested using phenylthiocarbamide-impregnated testing strips. Healthy non-diabetic subjects were divided into two experimental groups: One with a first degree relative with Type 2 diabetes and the other matched controls having no family history of Type 2 diabetes. The hypotheses: 1). There is a significant difference in taste threshold values and …

Is The Use Of Honey An Effective Dressing Option For The Treatment Of Diabetic Foot Ulcers?, Michelle A. Wimmer

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this systematic review is to determine whether or not honey could be used as an effective topical treatment for diabetic foot ulcers in diabetic patients.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of three primary journal articles published in English between the years of 2008 and 2010.

DATA SOURCES: Two Randomized Controlled Trials comparing honey as a treatment for diabetic foot ulcers to either previous failed treatments or Povidone Iodine Solution, and a pilot prospective study, exploring the effectiveness of PEDYPHAR a royal jelly ointment. All articles were found using Pubmed, OVID and Cochrane Database.

OUTCOMES MEASURED …

Is High Dose Radioactive Iodine-131 More Effective Than Low Dose Iodine-131 In The Therapy Of Patients With Hyperthyroidism?, Tyler L. Warnecke

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not high dose radioactive iodine-131 is more effective than low dose iodine-131 in the therapy of patients with hyperthyroidism.

STUDY DESIGN: The review included three primary English language studies that were peer reviewed articles published in 2003, 2010 and 2011.

DATA SOURCES: This paper evaluates three randomized control trials (one prospective randomized and two comparative randomized) looking at the effectiveness of high dose and low dose radioactive iodine-131 for the treatment of hyperthyroidism.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: Each study examined patients being treated with high …

Insulin Pump School: Back To The Basics Of Pump Therapy, Sara Wilson Reece, Cheryl Williams

Scholarly Posters

The Longstreet Clinic (TLC), P.C. is a regional multidisciplinary physician practice. The Internal Medicine (IM) and Family Medicine (FM) departments are located in Gainesville and Oakwood (Hall County), Georgia. • Hall County is located in Northeast Georgia 50 miles northeast of Atlanta. It lies at the southern edge of the Chattahoochee National Forest and the foothills of the Blue Ridge Mountains. The population of Hall County is approximately 187,700. • Diabetes Education and Medical Nutritional Therapy department provides diabetes education and management services for IM and FM patients with diabetes. • Team of CDEs: RN, RD, PharmD • RN and …

Does The Duration Of Type 2 Diabetes Correlate With Changes In Taste Deficits?, Ann T. Mclaughlan

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

The loss of insulin sensitivity in Type 2 diabetes interferes with cellular utilization of glucose. The underlying down-regulation of insulin receptors and the resulting insulin resistance is wide-spread throughout the body. The cardiovascular consequences may be indirectly responsible for decreased taste sensitivity because of diminished perfusion of the taste buds in this patient population. This study utilized an inexpensive, non-invasive technique, electrogustometry, to directly stimulate the taste buds by applying a variable, direct-current stimulus to measure taste receptor thresholds in newly-diagnosed ( < 2 years) and long-standing diagnosed (> 6 years) male and female Type 2 diabetes mellitus subjects. Taste thresholds were elicited by application of an …