Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Metabolism Commons^™

The Effects Of Continuous Insulin Pump Therapy On Glycemic Control In Pregnant Type 1 Diabetics, Kimberly Kelsey

Senior Theses

Type 1 Diabetics have various ways of managing their diabetes that have been studied for their effectiveness. Pregnancy in the Type 1 Diabetic has been understudied. It is known that Diabetics in general have poorer pregnancy outcomes because of poor glycemic control. This coupled with the fact that the body needs 3-4 times more insulin as pregnancy comes to an end makes managing blood glucose levels challenging for diabetics (Lowdermilk, 2016, p. 689). For the Type 1 Diabetic, there are two main ways to control diabetes: multiple daily injections using at least two type of insulin and continuous subcutaneous insulin …

Sheehan’S Syndrome: It Is Time To Become More Proactive In Identifying This Disease, Yara E. Tovar, Waseem Ahmed, Madhulika Urella, Ayman H. Elkadry, Rodhan A. Khthir

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Sheehan’s syndrome typically occurs as a result of ischemic pituitary necrosis due to severe postpartum hemorrhage and can present with varying degrees of pituitary insufficiency. It is more common in underdeveloped countries, and is frequently diagnosed years after delivery due to its nonspecific signs and symptoms. Failure to lactate is a common initial symptom, while many women also report amenorrhea or oligomenorrhea. This article presents a 26-year-old female with a history of hypertension, who presented to the hospital for diarrhea, vomiting, and dizziness. Her blood pressure was 80/40 mmHg, requiring aggressive fluid resuscitation, after which it remained borderline. Further testing …

A Functional Algorithm For Weight Loss And Obesity Practice: Guide For Clinical Decision-Making For Treating Women, Jennifer A. Tice Williams

Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Background

Overweight and obesity have significant impact and consequences on women leading to reduced quality of life, comorbid conditions and premature mortality. Many healthcare providers lack adequate training and the time to properly treat overweight and obesity. Algorithms have been shown to improve clinical knowledge and save time.

Objectives

To develop an algorithm for weight loss assessment and treatment to aid in the clinical decision-making process while improving the quality of care for overweight and obese clients in an efficient manner that can be replicated.

Methods

After an extensive literature review to identify best-practice guidelines for weight loss a …

The Effects Of Continuous Insulin Pump Therapy On Glycemic Control In Pregnant Type 1 Diabetics, Kimberly Kelsey

Scholarly and Creative Works Conference (2015 - 2021)

Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus accounts for approximately 5% of the diabetic population (CDC, 2015). Numerous complications must be avoided when a diabetic is insulin dependent. Women who are diabetic who are planning to conceive a family have special considerations. Little research has been focused into how to best manage Type 1 diabetics during pregnancy. Since Type 1 diabetes is predominantly diagnosed between birth and 30 years of age, many Type 1 diabetics have potential to become pregnant without knowing how to best manage their diabetes. Poor glycemic control in diabetics has been related to miscarriages, stillbirths, malformations, and macrosomia (Lapolla, …

Risk Of Glucose Intolerance And Gestational Diabetes Mellitus In Relation To Maternal Habitual Snoring During Early Pregnancy., Chunfang Qiu, Wayne Lawrence, Bizu Gelaye, Lee Stoner, Ihunnaya O Frederick, Daniel A Enquobahrie, Tanya K Sorensen, Michelle A Williams

Articles, Abstracts, and Reports

BACKGROUND: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) or habitual snoring is known to be associated with impaired glucose tolerance and type 2 diabetes among both men and non-pregnant women. We examined the association of habitual snoring during early pregnancy with risk of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).

METHODS: A cohort of 1,579 women was interviewed during early pregnancy. We collected information about snoring frequency during early pregnancy. Results from screening and diagnostic tests for IGT and GDM were abstracted from medical records. Multivariate logistic regression models were fitted to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% …

Antenatal Glucocorticoid Treatment Is Associated With Diurnal Cortisol Regulation In Term-Born Children, M. N. Edelmann, Curt A. Sandman, Laura M. Glynn, D. A. Wing, Elyssia Poggi Davis

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Due to the rapid developmental changes that occur during the fetal period, prenatal influences can affect the developing central nervous system with lifelong consequences for physical and mental health. Glucocorticoids are one of the proposed mechanisms by which fetal programing occurs. Glucocorticoids pass through the blood-brain barrier and target receptors throughout the central nervous system. Unlike endogenous glucocorticoids, synthetic glucocorticoids readily pass through the placental barrier to reach the developing fetus. The synthetic glucocorticoid, betamethasone, is routinely given prenatally to mothers at risk for preterm delivery. Over 25% of the fetuses exposed to betamethasone will be born at term. Few …

Enhanced Estrogen-Induced Proliferation In Obese Rat Endometrium, Qian Zhang, Qi Shen, Joseph Celestino, Michael R Milam, Shannon N Westin, Robin A Lacour, Larissa A Meyer, Gregory L Shipley, Peter J A Davies, Lei Deng, Adrienne S Mccampbell, Russell R Broaddus, Karen H Lu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that the proliferative estrogen effect on the endometrium is enhanced in obese vs lean animals.

STUDY DESIGN: Using Zucker fa/fa obese rats and lean control, we examined endometrial cell proliferation and the expression patterns of certain estrogen-regulated proproliferative and antiproliferative genes after short-term treatment with estradiol.

RESULTS: No significant morphologic/histologic difference was seen between the obese rats and the lean rats. Estrogen-induced proproliferative genes cyclin A and c-Myc messenger RNA expression were significantly higher in the endometrium of obese rats compared with those of the lean control. Expression of the antiproliferative gene p27Kip1 was suppressed …

Pregnancy Outcome In Primiparae Of Advanced Maternal Age, Ilse Delbaere, Hans Verstraelen, Sylvie Goetgeluk, Guy Martens, Guy De Backer, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objective: To investigate the impact of maternal age on singleton pregnancy outcome, taking into account intermediate and confounding factors.

Study design: In this population-based retrospective cohort study, perinatal data of primiparous women aged 35 years or more ( n = 2970), giving birth to a singleton child of at least 500 g, were compared to data of primiparous women aged 25–29 years old ( n = 23,921). Univariate analysis was used to assess the effect of maternal age on pregnancy outcomes. The effects of intermediate (hypertension, diabetes and assisted conception) and confounding factors (level of education) were assessed through multivariable …

Prevalence And Risk Factors For Vaginal Candida Colonization In Women With Type 1 And Type 2 Diabetes, Ella M. De Leon, Scott J. Jacober, Jack D. Sobel, Betsy Foxman

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Diabetes mellitus increases the rate of vaginal colonization and infection with Candida species

Methods

We surveyed women with diabetes receiving care at either an urban or suburban diabetes clinic to examine the relationship between vaginal Candida colonization, diabetes type and duration, and HbA_1c level. 101 participants completed the self-administered questionnaire and self-collected a vaginal swab for Candida culture. Candida colonization was similar by age and race.

Results

Type 1 diabetics were three times as likely as type 2 diabetics to be colonized with any Candida species (OR = 3.4; 95% CI: 1.03, 11.41; p = 0.04); even …

Gestational Diabetes In A Developing Country, Experience Of Screening At The Aga Khan University Medical Centre, Karachi, Khalid S. Khan, Javaid H. Rizvi, Rahat N. Qureshi, Rauf Mazhar

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology

In order to determine the prevalence of glucose intolerance in pregnancy, 1267 consecutive women attending the antenatal clinic of the Aga Khan University Medical Centre were subjected to a 75 g glucose challenge followed 2 hr later by plasma glucose determination irrespective of gestation on the first antenatal visit. The test was repeated at 28-32 weeks of gestation if the patients had an abnormal initial screen at less than 28 weeks gestation and a normal glucose tolerance test on diagnostic follow-up and for those who had a risk factor for gestational diabetes and a normal initial screen at less than …