Cardiology Commons^™

Implementation Of A Home Blood Pressure Monitoring Program For The Management Of Hypertensive Disorders Of Pregnancy, An Observational Study In British Columbia, Canada, Karen C Tran, Sabina Freiman, Tessa Chaworth-Musters, Susan Purkiss, Colleen Foster, Nadia A Khan, Wee Shian Chan

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic has influenced health care delivery. We conducted an observational study to understand how obstetric medicine (ObM) physicians utilized home blood pressure monitoring (HBPM) to manage hypertension in pregnancy.

METHODS: Pregnant participants with risk factors or diagnosis of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) were enrolled, May 2020-December 2021, and provided with validated home blood pressure (BP) monitor. ObM physicians completed questionnaires to elicit how home BP readings were interpreted to manage HDP.

RESULTS: We enrolled 103 people: 44 antepartum patients (33.5 ± 5 years, gestational age of 24 ± 5 weeks); 59 postpartum patients (35 ± 6 years, …

Migraines, Vasomotor Symptoms, And Cardiovascular Disease In The Coronary Artery Risk Development In Young Adults Study, Catherine Kim, Pamela J Schreiner, Zhe Yin, Rachael Whitney, Stephen Sidney, Imo Ebong, Deborah A Levine

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Objective: To examine whether vasomotor symptoms (VMS) and migraine headaches, hypothesized to be vasoactive conditions, are associated with greater risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events including strokes.

Methods: We performed a secondary data analysis of a subset of women (n = 1,954) in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study, a population-based cohort, which began data collection at 18 to 30 y of age. We examined whether migraine headaches and VMS trajectories (characterized as minimal, increasing, and persistent) at CARDIA year 15 examination were associated with higher risk of CVD events and stroke (both ischemic and hemorrhagic) …

Mortality After Major Cardiovascular Events In Survivors Of Childhood Cancer, Wendy Bottinor, Cindy Im, David R Doody, Saro H Armenian, Alexander Arynchyn, Borah Hong, Rebecca M Howell, David R Jacobs, Kirsten K Ness, Kevin C Oeffinger, Alexander P Reiner, Gregory T Armstrong, Yutaka Yasui, Eric J Chow

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background: Adult survivors of childhood cancer are at risk for cardiovascular events.

Objectives: In this study, we sought to determine the risk for mortality after a major cardiovascular event among childhood cancer survivors compared with noncancer populations.

Methods: All-cause and cardiovascular cause-specific mortality risks after heart failure (HF), coronary artery disease (CAD), or stroke were compared among survivors and siblings in the Childhood Cancer Survivor Study (CCSS) and participants in the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) study. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to estimate HRs and 95% CIs between groups, adjusted for demographic and clinical …

What Did We Learn About Vads In 2023?, Maya Guglin

The VAD Journal

This is our 10^th annual literature review on mechanical circulatory support (MCS) devices. All of our previous reports were well received by the readers.^1-9

In this paper, we summarized the most interesting and important, from our standpoint, publications from 2023. There may be some slight overlap with the end of 2022, because some papers were published online first, and the year of publication changed when they became available in print.

For the seventh time this year, we wrote a section on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO), which primarily addresses new developments in veno-arterial ECMO.

Readers who wish to supplement …

Late Cardiotoxicity From The Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor, Dasatinib: Pleural Effusions, Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension, And Right Heart Failure, Mark Jay Zucker, Andrew M. Zucker

The VAD Journal

Despite the remarkable progress made over the past few decades in the management of patients with both solid and hematologic malignancies, radiation- and chemotherapy-related cardiotoxicity remains an ongoing problem. This is true even for newer highly targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This report presents a case of late/severe right heart dysfunction secondary to pulmonary hypertension, developed after ten years of therapy with dasatinib. We also review the history of this known, but often unrecognized, and potentially reversible complication, and we suggest treatment options. Additionally, this case highlights the remarkable effectiveness of TKIs in patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia …

Cannula Placement For Cerebral Protection Without Circulatory Arrest In Patients Undergoing Hemiarch Aortic Aneurysm Repair, Joseph C Sweeney, Jaimin R Trivedi, Toyokazu Endo, Akhila Ankem, Siddharth V Pahwa, Mark S Slaughter, Brian L Ganzel

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

BACKGROUND: Aortic aneurysms involving the proximal aortic arch, which require hemiarch-type repair, typically require circulatory arrest with antegrade cerebral perfusion. Left carotid antegrade cerebral perfusion (LCP) via distal arch cannulation without circulatory arrest was used in this study's patient population. The goal was to assess the operative efficiency and clinical outcomes of using a distal arch cannulation technique that would not require any hypothermic circulatory arrest (HCA) time compared with more traditional brachiocephalic artery cannulation with right-sided unilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion (RCP) and HCA.

METHODS: A single-center retrospective review of patients with replacement of the distal ascending aorta involving the …

Factors Associated With Early Mortality In Acute Type A Aortic Dissection—A Single-Centre Experience, Panagiotis Doukas, Nicola Dalibor, András Keszei, Jelle Frankort, Julia Krabbe, Rachad Zayat, Michael J Jacobs, Alexander Gombert, Payam Akhyari, Arash Mehdiani

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Acute aortic dissection type A (AADA) is a surgical emergency with relevant mortality and morbidity despite improvements in current management protocols. Identifying patients at risk of a fatal outcome and controlling the factors associated with mortality remain of paramount importance.

METHODS: In this retrospective observational study, we reviewed the medical records of 117 patients with AADA, who were referred to our centre and operated on between 2005 and 2021. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative variables were analysed and tested for their correlation with in-hospital mortality.

RESULTS: The overall survival rate was 83%. Preoperatively, factors associated with mortality were age ( …

Dynamic Prognosis Prediction For Patients On Dapt After Drug-Eluting Stent Implantation: Model Development And Validation, Fang Li, Laila Rasmy, Yang Xiang, Jingna Feng, Ahmed Abdelhameed, Xinyue Hu, Zenan Sun, David Aguilar, Abhijeet Dhoble, Jingcheng Du, Qing Wang, Shuteng Niu, Yifang Dang, Xinyuan Zhang, Ziqian Xie, Yi Nian, Jianping He, Yujia Zhou, Jianfu Li, Mattia Prosperi, Jiang Bian, Degui Zhi, Cui Tao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: The rapid evolution of artificial intelligence (AI) in conjunction with recent updates in dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) management guidelines emphasizes the necessity for innovative models to predict ischemic or bleeding events after drug-eluting stent implantation. Leveraging AI for dynamic prediction has the potential to revolutionize risk stratification and provide personalized decision support for DAPT management.

METHODS AND RESULTS: We developed and validated a new AI-based pipeline using retrospective data of drug-eluting stent-treated patients, sourced from the Cerner Health Facts data set (n=98 236) and Optum's de-identified Clinformatics Data Mart Database (n=9978). The 36 months following drug-eluting stent implantation were …

Artificial Intelligence Model Predicts Sudden Cardiac Arrest Manifesting With Pulseless Electric Activity Versus Ventricular Fibrillation, Lauri Holmstrom, Bryan Bednarski, Harpriya Chugh, Habiba Aziz, Hoang Nhat Pham, Arayik Sargsyan, Audrey Uy-Evanado, Damini Dey, Angelo Salvucci, Jonathan Jui, Kyndaron Reinier, Piotr J Slomka, Sumeet S Chugh

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: There is no specific treatment for sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) manifesting as pulseless electric activity (PEA) and survival rates are low; unlike ventricular fibrillation (VF), which is treatable by defibrillation. Development of novel treatments requires fundamental clinical studies, but access to the true initial rhythm has been a limiting factor.

METHODS: Using demographics and detailed clinical variables, we trained and tested an AI model (extreme gradient boosting) to differentiate PEA-SCA versus VF-SCA in a novel setting that provided the true initial rhythm. A subgroup of SCAs are witnessed by emergency medical services personnel, and because the response time is …

Surgical Outcome Of Postinfarction Left Ventricular Free Wall Rupture, Chan-Young Na

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular free wall rupture (LVFWR) is a rare and fatal complication after acute myocardial infarction. Early recognition and aggressive treatment are recommended.

METHODS: Between August 1999 and February 2023, 11 patients aged between 64 and 79 years developed LVFWR after acute myocardial infarction (mean interval, 3.5 days). Three patients had active bleeding (blowout-type LVFWR), and the other 8 patients experienced the oozing or sealed state. Eight patients were treated using a sutureless technique with Teflon felt and glue, 2 patients were treated using the primary suture closure technique, and 1 was treated using both the primary suture and …

Comparison Of Perioperative And Postoperative Outcomes Among 3 Left Atrial Incisions: Conventional Direct, Transseptal, And Superior Septal Left Atriotomy, Estelle Démoulin, Dionysios Adamopoulos, Tornike Sologashvili, Mathieu Van Steenberghe, Jalal Jolou, Haran Burri, Christoph Huber, Mustafa Cikirikcioglu

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

BACKGROUND: Achieving optimal exposure of the mitral valve during surgical intervention poses a significant challenge. This study aimed to compare perioperative and postoperative outcomes associated with 3 left atriotomy techniques in mitral valve surgery-the conventional direct, transseptal, and superior septal approaches-and assess differences during the surgical procedure and the postoperative period.

METHODS: Inclusion criteria were patients undergoing mitral valve surgery from January 2010 to December 2020, categorized into 3 cohorts: group 1 (conventional direct; n = 115), group 2 (transseptal; n = 33), and group 3 (superior septal; n = 59). To bolster sample size, the study included patients undergoing …

Ultrasound – An Underutilized Diagnostic Tool For Ventricular Assist Device Driveline Infections, Kristina Krzelj, Tomislav Tokic, Tomislav Kopjar, Maja Cikes, Davor Milicic, Hrvoje Gasparovic

The VAD Journal

Patients with ventricular assist device (VAD) driveline infections (DLI) have reduced quality of life and increased risk of severe complications, such as sepsis, hemorrhagic or ischemic stroke, and wound infections. The management of VAD patients imposes a significant financial burden due to prolonged in-hospital stays, frequent re-admissions, expensive diagnostics, and the need for antibiotic therapy and/or surgical intervention. There is considerable room for improvement in DLI management, particularly in the early detection and treatment stages. Ultrasound, an easily applicable device available in almost every hospital, offers an unrecognized potential for the early detection of DLI. By increasing awareness about the …

Association Between Regulatory T Cells And Ischemic Heart Disease: A Mendelian Randomization Study, Yucheng Hou, Ke Si, Jingyue Yang, Tan Liu, Basel Abdelazeem, Nonthikorn Theerasuwipakorn, Jingwei Zhao, Zhenya Shen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: An imbalance of innate and acquired immune responses is significantly involved in the pathophysiology of coronary atherosclerosis and the occurrence of ischemic heart disease (IHD). Regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an essential regulatory role in atherosclerotic plaque formation and maintenance; therefore, dysfunction of Tregs triggers the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and accelerates their progression. However, due to the inherent limitations of observational research, clinical evidence is limited concerning the relationship between the variation in peripheral Tregs and the risk of IHD, and the cause-and-effect relationship between these factors is unclear. Mendelian randomization (MR) uses genetic variation as a proxy …

Cardiometabolic Health: Actionable Prevention Strategies And New Care Models, Omar Leonards, David Aguilar

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Transmembrane Stem Factor Nanodiscs Enhanced Revascularization In A Hind Limb Ischemia Model In Diabetic, Hyperlipidemic Rabbits, Eri Takematsu, Miles Massidda, Gretchen Howe, Julia Goldman, Patricia Felli, Lei Mei, Gregory Callahan, Andrew D Sligar, Richard Smalling, Aaron B Baker

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Therapies to revascularize ischemic tissue have long been a goal for the treatment of vascular disease and other disorders. Therapies using stem cell factor (SCF), also known as a c-Kit ligand, had great promise for treating ischemia for myocardial infarct and stroke, however clinical development for SCF was stopped due to toxic side effects including mast cell activation in patients. We recently developed a novel therapy using a transmembrane form of SCF (tmSCF) delivered in lipid nanodiscs. In previous studies, we demonstrated tmSCF nanodiscs were able to induce revascularization of ischemia limbs in mice and did not activate mast cells. …

Large Scale Plasma Proteomics Identifies Novel Proteins And Protein Networks Associated With Heart Failure Development, Amil M Shah, Peder L Myhre, Victoria Arthur, Pranav Dorbala, Humaira Rasheed, Leo F Buckley, Brian Claggett, Guning Liu, Jianzhong Ma, Ngoc Quynh Nguyen, Kunihiro Matsushita, Chiadi Ndumele, Adrienne Tin, Kristian Hveem, Christian Jonasson, Håvard Dalen, Eric Boerwinkle, Ron C Hoogeveen, Christie Ballantyne, Josef Coresh, Torbjørn Omland, Bing Yu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Heart failure (HF) causes substantial morbidity and mortality but its pathobiology is incompletely understood. The proteome is a promising intermediate phenotype for discovery of novel mechanisms. We measured 4877 plasma proteins in 13,900 HF-free individuals across three analysis sets with diverse age, geography, and HF ascertainment to identify circulating proteins and protein networks associated with HF development. Parallel analyses in Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities study participants in mid-life and late-life and in Trøndelag Health Study participants identified 37 proteins consistently associated with incident HF independent of traditional risk factors. Mendelian randomization supported causal effects of 10 on HF, HF risk …

Contextualizing The Revised Patient Perception Of Patient-Centeredness (Pppc-R) Scale In Primary Healthcare Settings: A Validity And Reliability Evaluation Study, Yiyuan Cai, Pengfei Guo, Jiong Tu, Mengyao Hu, Lingrui Liu, Bridget L Ryan, Jing Liao, Rubee Dev, Yiran Li, Tianyu Huang, Ruilin Wang, Li Kuang, Ruonan Huang, Xinfang Li, Edmundo Roberto Melipillán, Shuaixiang Zhao, Wenjun He, Xiaohui Wang, Nan Zhang, Dong Roman Xu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: An English version of the Patient Perception of Patient-Centeredness (PPPC) scale was recently revised, and it is necessary to test this instrument in different primary care populations.

AIM: This study aimed to assess the validity and reliability of a Chinese version of the PPPC scale.

DESIGN: A mixed method was used in this study. The Delphi method was used to collect qualitative and quantitative data to address the content validity of the PPPC scale by calculating the Content Validity Index, Content Validity Ratio, the adjusted Kappa, and the Item Impact Score. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analysis …

The Use Of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance In Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Over The Past 10 Years [2013-2023]: A Citespace-Based Bibliometric Analysis, Mengyao Hu, Yu Shen, Yipei Song, Shuhao Li, Pei Yang, Ao Kan, Qiming Fang, Yun Peng, Haibo Ren, Yajing Zhang, Lianggeng Gong

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a common genetic cardiac disorder characterized by the hypertrophy of a segment of the myocardium. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has been widely used in the assessment of HCM. However, no bibliometric assessment has been conducted on the progress of research in this field. This study thus aimed to examine the current state of research into the application of CMR in HCM and the hotspots and trends that have emerged in this field over the past decade.

METHODS: A systematic search was conducted on the Web of Science regarding CMR in the assessment of HCM. The …

Clonal Hematopoiesis And Incident Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction, Art Schuermans, Michael C Honigberg, Laura M Raffield, Bing Yu, Mary B Roberts, Charles Kooperberg, Pinkal Desai, April P Carson, Amil M Shah, Christie M Ballantyne, Alexander G Bick, Pradeep Natarajan, Joann E Manson, Eric A Whitsel, Charles B Eaton, Alexander P Reiner

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

IMPORTANCE: Clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), the age-related clonal expansion of hematopoietic stem cells with leukemogenic acquired genetic variants, is associated with incident heart failure (HF).

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the associations of CHIP and key gene-specific CHIP subtypes with incident HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF).

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This population-based cohort study included participants from 2 racially diverse prospective cohort studies with uniform HF subtype adjudication: the Jackson Heart Study (JHS) and Women's Health Initiative (WHI). JHS participants were enrolled during 2000 to 2004 and followed up through 2016. WHI participants were …

Metarnn: Differentiating Rare Pathogenic And Rare Benign Missense Snvs And Indels Using Deep Learning, Fang Li, Zenan Sun, Ahmed Abdelhameed, Tiehang Duan, Laila Rasmy, Xinyue Hu, Jianping He, Yifang Dang, Jingna Feng, Jianfu Li, Yichen Wang, Tianchen Lyu, Naomi Braun, Si Pham, Michael Gharacholou, Delisa Fairweather, Degui Zhi, Jiang Bian, Cui Tao

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Effective management of dual antiplatelet therapy (DAPT) following drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation is crucial for preventing adverse events. Traditional prognostic tools, such as rule-based methods or Cox regression, despite their widespread use and ease, tend to yield moderate predictive accuracy within predetermined timeframes. This study introduces a new contrastive learning-based approach to enhance prediction efficacy over multiple time intervals.

METHODS: We utilized retrospective, real-world data from the OneFlorida + Clinical Research Consortium. Our study focused on two primary endpoints: ischemic and bleeding events, with prediction windows of 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months post-DES implantation. Our approach first …

Predicting Endothelium-Dependent Diastolic Function (Fmd)And Its Correlation With The Degree Of Coronary Artery Disease (Cad) And Plaque Vulnerability For Cardiovascular Events, Guangming Zhang, Jing Yang, Hanghang Xing, Hongning Yin, Guoqing Gu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the correlation between vascular endothelium-dependent diastolic function (FMD) and the degree of coronary artery disease (CAD), plaque vulnerability, and its predictive value for cardiovascular events.

METHODS: Initially, patients (n=100) who were admitted from January 2020 to January 2021 and intended to undergo percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) were selected. Further, FMD in all patients was determined before the procedure and divided into a high-FMD group (≥4.2%) and a low-FMD group (

RESULTS: No significant differences were observed concerning general information, number of coronary arteries-associated branches, lesion type, involvement of the left main stem (LM), the …

Conduction System Pacing For Heart Failure, Nathan R Smith, Patrick Lynch, Mihail G Chelu

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Unveiling The Complex World Of Extracellular Vesicles: Novel Characterization Techniques And Manufacturing Considerations, James J Lai, John J Hill, Casey Y Huang, Gino C Lee, Karol W Mai, Maggie Y Shen, Simon K Wang

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Extracellular vesicles (EVs) function as potent mediators of intercellular communication for many in vivo processes, contributing to both health and disease related conditions. Given their biological origins and diverse functionality from correspondingly unique "cargo" compositions, both endogenous and modified EVs are garnering attention as promising therapeutic modalities and vehicles for targeted therapeutic delivery applications. Their diversity in composition, however, has revealed a significant need for more comprehensive analytical-based characterization methods, and manufacturing processes that are consistent and scalable. In this review, we explore the dynamic landscape of EV research and development efforts, ranging from novel isolation approaches, to their analytical …

The Effect Of Calcium Channel Blockers On Digital Ulcers In Systemic Sclerosis: Data From A Prospective Cohort Study, Laura Ross, Dylan Hansen, Nancy Maltez, Kathleen Morrisroe, Kimti Kumar, Jennifer Walker, Wendy Stevens, Joanne Sahhar, Gene-Siew Ngian, Lauren Host, Mandana Nikpour, Susanna Proudman

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Digital ulcers (DU) are a common, severe vascular manifestation of systemic sclerosis (SSc) with few effective treatment options. Using data from the Australian Scleroderma Cohort Study (ASCS), we sought to evaluate the effect of calcium channel blockers (CCB) on the treatment and prevention of DU.Using data from 1953 participants, with a median of 4.34 years of follow-up, we used generalised estimating equations to evaluate the clinical characteristics associated with CCB use and ascertain the risk factors for the presence of DU at subsequent study visits. A time-dependent Cox-proportional hazard model was applied to evaluate the risk of future occurrence of …

Circulating Sphingolipids In Relation To Cognitive Decline And Incident Dementia: The Cardiovascular Health Study, Kristine F Moseholm, Héléne T Cronjé, Manja Koch, Annette L Fitzpatrick, Oscar L Lopez, Marcia C De Oliveira Otto, W T Longstreth, Andrew N Hoofnagle, Kenneth J Mukamal, Rozenn N Lemaitre, Majken K Jensen

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Whether circulating levels of sphingolipids are prospectively associated with cognitive decline and dementia risk is uncertain.

METHODS: We measured 14 sphingolipid species in plasma samples from 4488 participants (mean age 76.2 years; 40% male; and 25% apolipoprotein E (

RESULTS: Higher plasma levels of sphingomyelin-d18:1/16:0 (SM-16) were associated with a faster cognitive decline measured with 3MSE, in contrast, higher levels of sphingomyelin-d18:1/22:0 (SM-22) were associated with slower decline in cognition measured with DSST. In Cox regression, higher levels of SM-16 (hazard ration [HR] = 1.24 [95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08-1.44]) and ceramide-d18:1/16:0 (Cer-16) (HR = 1.26 [95% CI: 1.10-1.45]) …

Rare Genomic Copy Number Variants Implicate New Candidate Genes For Bicuspid Aortic Valve, Steven G Carlisle, Hasan Albasha, Hector I Michelena, Anna Sabate-Rotes, Lisa Bianco, Julie De Backer, Laura Muiño Mosquera, Anji T Yetman, Malenka M Bissell, Maria Grazia Andreassi, Ilenia Foffa, Dawn S Hui, Anthony Caffarelli, Yuli Y Kim, Dongchuan Guo, Rodolfo Citro, Margot De Marco, Justin T Tretter, Kim L Mcbride, Dianna M Milewicz, Simon C Body, Siddharth K Prakash, Ebav Investigators, Bavcon Investigators

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), the most common congenital heart defect, is a major cause of aortic valve disease requiring valve interventions and thoracic aortic aneurysms predisposing to acute aortic dissections. The spectrum of BAV ranges from early onset valve and aortic complications (EBAV) to sporadic late onset disease. Rare genomic copy number variants (CNVs) have previously been implicated in the development of BAV and thoracic aortic aneurysms. We determined the frequency and gene content of rare CNVs in EBAV probands (n = 272) using genome-wide SNP microarray analysis and three complementary CNV detection algorithms (cnvPartition, PennCNV, and QuantiSNP). Unselected control …

Suppression Of Il-1Β Promotes Beneficial Accumulation Of Fibroblast-Like Cells In Atherosclerotic Plaques In Clonal Hematopoiesis, Trevor P Fidler, Andrew Dunbar, Eunyoung Kim, Brian Hardaway, Jessica Pauli, Chenyi Xue, Sandra Abramowicz, Tong Xiao, Kavi O'Connor, Nadja Sachs, Nan Wang, Lars Maegdefessel, Ross Levine, Muredach Reilly, Alan R Tall

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Clonal hematopoiesis (CH) is an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Murine models of CH suggest a central role of inflammasomes and IL-1β in accelerated atherosclerosis and plaque destabilization. Here we show using single-cell RNA sequencing in human carotid plaques that inflammasome components are enriched in macrophages, while the receptor for IL-1β is enriched in fibroblasts and smooth muscle cells (SMCs). To address the role of inflammatory crosstalk in features of plaque destabilization, we conducted SMC fate mapping in Ldlr-/- mice modeling Jak2VF or Tet2 CH treated with IL-1β antibodies. Unexpectedly, this treatment minimally affected SMC differentiation, …

Impact Of Covid Status And Blood Group On Complications In Patients In Hemorrhagic Shock, Jason Bradley Brill, Krislynn M Mueck, Madeline E Cotton, Brian Tang, Mariela Sandoval, Lillian S Kao, Bryan A Cotton

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: Among critically injured patients of various blood groups, we sought to compare survival and complication rates between COVID-19-positive and COVID-19-negative cohorts.

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 infections have been shown to cause endothelial injury and dysfunctional coagulation. We hypothesized that, among patients with trauma in hemorrhagic shock, COVID-19-positive status would be associated with increased mortality and inpatient complications. As a secondary hypothesis, we suspected group O patients with COVID-19 would experience fewer complications than non-group O patients with COVID-19.

METHODS: We evaluated all trauma patients admitted 4/2020-7/2020. Patients 16 years or older were included if they presented in hemorrhagic shock and received …

Navigating P2y12 Inhibition In The Labyrinth Of Cardio-Oncology Care: Cangrelor Bridging In Patients With Cancer, Abdelrahman Ali, Poonam Jewani, Max Bourdillon, Efstratios Koutroumpakis, Shaden Khalaf, Konstantinos Charitakis, Kara Thompson, Konstantinos Marmagkiolis, Anita Deswal, Cezar Iliescu

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cangrelor, a potent intravenous P2Y12 platelet inhibitor, has demonstrated effectiveness in reducing ischemic events without a corresponding increase in severe bleeding during percutaneous coronary intervention, as evidenced by the CHAMPION-PHOENIX trial. Its off-label role as a bridging antiplatelet agent for patients facing high thrombotic risks who must temporarily stop oral P2Y12 inhibitor therapy further underscores its clinical utility. This is the first case series to shed light on the application of cangrelor in cancer patients needing to pause dual antiplatelet therapy for a range of medical interventions, marking it as a pioneering effort in this domain. The inclusion of patients …

The 2018 World Cancer Research Fund (Wcrf)/American Institute For Cancer Research (Aicr) Score And Diabetes Risk In The Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (Dppos), Danny Ramzy, Nicholas Ray

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

No abstract provided.