Medical Specialties Commons^™

The Pediatric Orthopaedic Trauma Season: Does It Exist?, Ava A. Boswell, Seth B. Mccord, Cole L. Paffett, Anthony Kallur

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Background: It remains unclear whether pediatric trauma, including fracture, occurs more frequently at a certain time of the year. We developed a database based on the University of New Mexico orthopaedics consult log (OCL) with the aim of determining whether pediatric fractures have a seasonal predilection.

Methods: The OCL for 2009 and 2010, representing a total of 2385 patient visits, was reviewed, and data on patients who were 17 years of age or younger who were treated for trauma were collected. The months and seasons of the year in which the trauma occurred were recorded.

Results: The OCL for 2009 …

Motion-Tracking Drill System Using A Haptic Device For Evaluating And Training Motor Skills Of Orthopaedic Resident Physicians Outside The Operating Room: A Pilot Study, Ashkan Pourkand, Christina Salas, Deana M. Mercer, David I. Grow

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Background: Although experience within the operating room can help surgeons learn simple bone-drilling techniques, outside training may be better suited for complex procedures. We adapted a rotary handpiece with dual trigger and drilling attachments to a haptic device to train and evaluate motor skills of orthopaedic resident physicians outside of the operating room.

Methods: A total of 7 participants with varying levels of skill in orthopaedic surgery were asked to perform a task three times: drill a hole (at 45° from the normal angle) through both cortices of a synthetic diaphysis of a distal radius. Acceleration and acoustic data were …

Removal Of Partly Threaded Cannulated Screws After Treatment Of Slipped Capital Femoral Epiphysis: A Pilot Study, Nathan T. Morrell, Ian A. Power, Dukens Labaze, Elizabeth A. Szalay

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Background: Partly threaded cannulated screws (PTCS) are currently recommended for management of slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE), but no advantage of these screws over fully threaded cannulated screws (FTCS) has been demonstrated. We investigated whether PTCS are more difficult to remove than FTCS.

Methods: The records of 33 patients who underwent implant removal after operative treatment of SCFE were reviewed, and the following data were collected: age and sex of the patient, type of screw used (partly or fully threaded), length of removal operation, and any comments on the difficulty of screw removal.

Results: Sixty-one percent of operative reports for …

Custom-Made Angled Polyethylene Insert Exchange For Treatment Of Valgus Malalignment In Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Case Report, Reilly J. Kuehn, Ch Christopher R Hanosh

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Single- and dual-component revisions have typically been used to correct coronal malalignment after total knee arthroplasty (TKA). However, realignment of well-fixed components can result in complications such as bone loss and the need for increasing constraint of implants. Exchange to a custom-made angled polyethylene insert, although primarily implemented in cases of osteolysis, has been described with low complication rates and minimal loss of motion. We describe a 74-year-old woman who underwent TKA in January 2006 and presented to our clinic in March 2013 with symptoms of pain and instability of the right knee. We performed a revision TKA using two …

Lipoma Of The Index Finger In A 64-Year-Old Man: A Case Report, Norfleet B. Thompson, Moheb S. Moneim

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

Lipomas are benign tumors composed of adipose tissue and typically encountered in middle-aged patients. Although the etiology remains unknown, this lesion can occur throughout the body. However, it is rarely seen in the finger. Typical treatment has often involved observation, but excision techniques have also reported successful outcomes. We describe a 64-year-old male patient who reported to our clinic with a painless soft-tissue mass in the index finger of his left hand, and we performed operative excision for treatment. The findings of physical examinations, radiographs, and magnetic resonance imaging tests had indicated the presence of lipoma, and results of pathological …

Commemorating Dr. Elizabeth A. Szalay’S Academic Accomplishments, Robert C. Schenck Jr

UNM Orthopaedic Research Journal

No abstract provided.

A Comparison Of Combined Overlap Block Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (Cobfcm) And Combined Overlap Block Neutrosophic Cognitive Map (Cobncm) In Finding The Hidden Patterns And Indeterminacies In Psychological Causal Models: Case Study Of Adhd, Hojjatollah Farahani, Florentin Smarandache, Lihshing Leigh Wang

Branch Mathematics and Statistics Faculty and Staff Publications

In spite of researchers’ concerns to find causalities, reviewing the literature of psychological studies one may argue that the classical statistical methods applied in order to find causalities are unable to find uncertainty and indeterminacies of the relationships between concepts.

In this paper, we introduce two methods to find effective solutions by identifying “hidden” patterns in the patients’ cognitive maps. Combined Overlap Block Fuzzy Cognitive Map (COBFCM) and Combined Overlap Block Neutrosophic Map (COBNCM) are effective when the number of concepts can be grouped and are large in numbers. In the first section, we introduce COBFCM, COBNCM, their applications, and …

Mcl1 Enhances The Survival Of Cd8+ Memory T Cells After Viral Infection, Jingang Gui, Zhuting Hu, Ching-Yi Tsai, Tian Ma, Yan Song, Amanda Morales, Li-Hao Huang, Ethan Dmitrovsky, Ruth Craig, Edward Usherwood

Dartmouth Scholarship

Viral infection results in the generation of massive numbers of activated effector CD8+ T cells that recognize viral components. Most of these are short-lived effector T cells (SLECs) that die after clearance of the virus. However, a small proportion of this population survives and forms antigen-specific memory precursor effector cells (MPECs), which ultimately develop into memory cells. These can participate in a recall response upon reexposure to antigen even at protracted times postinfection. Here, antiapoptotic myeloid cell leukemia 1 (MCL1) was found to prolong survival upon T cell stimulation, and mice expressing human MCL1 as a transgene exhibited a skewing …

Coffee: A Selected Overview Of Beneficial Or Harmful Effects On The Cardiovascular System?, Thomas F. Whayne Jr.

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

With a history that began in 800 A.D., coffee is the most popular drink known and as a result, the issues regarding its physiologic effects deserve attention. Maintaining alertness is a well-known benefit and in addition, the cardiovascular (CV) effects of the active compounds, which include polyphenols and caffeine, must be considered. Genetics are relevant and where slow caffeine metabolism is inherent, the risk of nonfatal myocardial (MI) has been shown to be increased. Overall risk for coronary heart disease (CHD) is not supported and unless there is excessive intake, congestive heart failure (CHF) is not adversely affected; in moderation, …

Factors Facilitating Constructive Coping With Stress, Kamilla Bargiel-Matusiewicz, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

This review focuses on coping with stress, with particular emphasis on mechanisms facilitating constructive coping with stress. An important area of contemporary research is the attempt to identify factors that make it possible to stay mentally healthy or preventing the weakening of the cognitive and social functioning. The currently prevailing approach to stress is the relational approach. According to this approach, the criterion for the occurrence of stress is the cognitive assessment of the situation made by an individual. This review presents the most recent proposals concerning the analysis of specific methods of coping with stress, in particular from the …

Revisiting Menstrual Bleeding Patterns In Adolescents Using Etonogestrel (Eng) Implant, Anna Iddings, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Etonogestrel (ENG) implant is an effective method of contraception. The implant is designed to provide contraceptive efficacy for three years with a relatively quick return of fertility upon its removal. Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is a common side effect of long acting progestins and is often the reason patients state for removal or discontinuation. A retrospective chart analysis was completed on 292 patients who chose to be on the ENG implant. Age of patients ranged from 10-29 years of age with the average age at implant being 17 years +/- 3 years. Patients retained implant for 1-68 months with the …

Cyberbullying In Adolescents: The Prevalence Of Mental Disorders And Suicidal Behavior, Elizabeth L. Mirsky, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

This paper defines the phenomena of cyberbullying in relation to traditional bullying, along with its negative consequences on adolescents in modern society. The reasons for the highly destructive effects of cyberbullying are given along with information about psychological instability resulting from the occurrence of cyberbullying. The correlation of cyberbullying with suicidal thoughts and behaviors is also discussed. Finally, some prevention techniques are listed in an attempt to lower the prevalence of cyberbullying.

Syphilis: The Forgotten Sexually Transmitted Disease. A Brief Case Report, Amy Burnett, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Syphilis has declined significantly over the last 30 years. Due to that success, many physicians no longer have the skills to recognize its symptoms. We present a case of syphilis as a demonstration of this fact.

Hiv And Minority Youth, Mandakini Sadhir, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Human Immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major public health problem with the burden of disease increasing in adolescents and young adults particularly among black males and males who have sex with males (MSM).

Paper I: Stress In Adolescents, Stephanie Stockburger, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

It is well known that adolescents experience stress. In this article, sources of adolescent stress will be discussed as well as the physiological effects of stress on the body. Stress disorders will also be briefly reviewed. Mainly, research on stress management strategies that have been evaluated in adolescents will be presented. Many studies have a small number of participants and lack control groups. Therefore, there is a need for ongoing research in this important area.

Part Ii - Stress And Stress Management Strategies In Adolescents, Stephanie Stockburger, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

It is well known that adolescents experience stress. In this article, sources of adolescent stress will be discussed as well as the physiological effects of stress on the body. Stress disorders will also be briefly reviewed. Mainly, research on stress management strategies that have been evaluated in adolescents will be presented. Many studies have a small number of participants and lack control groups. Therefore, there is a need for ongoing research in this important area.

The Importance Of Comprehensive Sexuality Education In Adolescents, Sarah Lebrun, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Female Athlete Triad Review, Hannah Harrison, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

This article defines the female athlete triad and discusses long-term consequences for adolescents and women symptoms related to the triad. The pillars of the female athlete triad consist of menstruation disruption, decreased bone mineral density, and disordered eating (energy availability). We will discuss the problems that can arise from each of the three pillars of the female athlete triad and the relationships among them. There are different treatments for the triad based on the needs of the individual and new treatments are being researched. Finally, the need for more informed coaches, parents, and medical professionals is discussed.

Effective Youth Suicide Prevention: Evidence From Kentucky, Dessi Slavova, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

In 2013, Suicide was the second leading cause of death among U.S. young adolescents (15-19 years of age), accounting for 18.4% of all deaths in this age group. According to a nationally representative study on the lifetime prevalence of adolescent suicidal behaviors, 12.1% of U.S. adolescents experience suicidal ideation, 4.0% develop a plan, and 4.1% attempt suicide. The same study estimated that approximately 60% of young people with a suicide plan will attempt suicide, and most of the adolescents who subsequently make an attempt do so within the first year after the onset of ideation.

These findings support the importance …

Children With Asthma: What About The Quality Of Life Of Their Parents?, Anna Trzcieniecka-Green, Kamilla Bargiel-Matusiewicz, Agnieszka Wilczyńska, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

An increased frequency of asthma in children has been lately observed. The course of asthma depends not only on treatment. but also on the actions taken by the parents of a sick child. Design: A non-experimental cross-sectional design. Methods: In this study the Pediatric Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire (PACQLQ) and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were administered to 60 parents of children with :asthma. Two groups of parents were compared. The first group consisted of parents of children who had been diagnosed with asthma less than three months before the beginning of the study. The second group consisted of …

Starting Off, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

This book is really a reflection of the past 15 years of work with teens and suicide prevention in the state of Kentucky. The work to establish the "Stop Youth Suicide Campaign (SYS)" has resulted in contact with many young adults and we have found that the most important thing for all of them, was finding a caring person they trust and can talk to. Because of the constant need, the SYS went from a goal of one year awareness campaign to a major community resource, to work with the state and local governments and state legislators to add as …

Disability And Suicide, Divya Nagraj, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

We provide a systematic review of suicide among adolescents with physical disabilities, intellectual disability and learning disability. A search was performed of English articles published prior to December 2014 in the PubMed database for studies examining suicide, suicidal behavior and suicidal ideation among adolescents with and without varied disabilities. Nine studies were retrieved, of which two studies examined adolescent populations with physical disabilities, three looked at suicide in adolescents with intellectual disability and four studies examined adolescents with learning disabilities. There were consistent results to prove that these adolescents with special needs had an increased tendency to commit suicide and …

Self-Cutting And Suicide In Adolescents, Donald E. Greydanus, Hatim A. Omar

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

Deliberate self-harm (DSH) is a common and typically secret phenomenon in adolescents, especially females that involves two main features—self-derogation and negative emotionality. Causes of non-suicidal self-injury include attempts to get help from professionals, express disgust or self-anger, resist suicidal thoughts, and correct episodes of dissociation. DSH is associated with eating disorders and alcohol abuse, as well as other illict drug abuse. Fortunately, most self-cutters are not at high risk for eventual suicide; however, all those with DSH histories should be carefully assessed for suicide as well as offered comprehensive management. Programs for prevention of suicide should be implemented for adolescents …

Cutaneous Manifestations Of Diabetes Mellitus., Michelle Duff, Olga Demidova, Stephanie Blackburn, Jay Shubrook

Ambulatory and Primary Care Articles

No abstract provided.

Therapeutic Targeting Of Replicative Immortality, Paul Yaswen, Karen L. Mackenzie, W. Nicol Keith, Patricia Hentosh, Francis Rodier, Jiyue Zhu, Gary L. Firestone, Ander Matheu, Amancio Carnero, Alan Bilsland

School of Medical Diagnostics & Translational Sciences Publications

One of the hallmarks of malignant cell populations is the ability to undergo continuous proliferation. This property allows clonal lineages to acquire sequential aberrations that can fuel increasingly autonomous growth, invasiveness, and therapeutic resistance. Innate cellular mechanisms have evolved to regulate replicative potential as a hedge against malignant progression. When activated in the absence of normal terminal differentiation cues, these mechanisms can result in a state of persistent cytostasis. This state, termed “senescence,” can be triggered by intrinsic cellular processes such as telomere dysfunction and oncogene expression, and by exogenous factors such as DNA damaging agents or oxidative environments. Despite …

Effective, Clinically Feasible And Sustainable: Key Design Features Of Psycho-Educational And Supportive Care Interventions To Promote Individualised Self-Management In Cancer Care, P. Schofield, Suzanne Chambers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

As the global burden of cancer increases healthcare services will face increasing challenges in meet the complex needs of these patients, their families and the communities in which they live. This raises the question of how to meet patient need where direct clinical contact may be constrained or not readily available. Patients and families require resources and skills to manage their illness outside of the hospital setting within their own communities. Aim. To propose a framework for the development and delivery of psycho-educational and supportive care interventions drawing on theoretical principles of behaviour change and evidence-based interventions, and based on …

Support After Brain Tumor Means Different Things: Family Caregivers' Experiences Of Support And Relationship Changes, T. Ownsworth, E. Goadby, Suzanne K. Chambers

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Shorter hospital stays and greater emphasis on outpatient care means that family members have the primary responsibility for supporting a person with brain tumor to manage the physical, cognitive, behavioral, and emotional effects of the illness and its treatment. Given the integral role of family caregivers, it is essential to understand their experience of the impact of brain tumor and their own support needs. Accordingly, this qualitative study aimed to investigate family caregivers' experiences of support and relationship changes in the context of brain tumor. In-depth interviews were conducted with 11 family caregivers (8 spouse/partner, 3 parents) of people with …

Cocoon Abdomen - A Rare Cause Of Intestinal Obstruction., Zia Ur Rehman

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

INTRODUCTION:

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis or abdominal cocoon is a rare condition of unknown etiology in which intestinal obstruction result from encasement of variable length of bowel by dense fibro collagenous membrane.

PRESENTATION OF CASE:

A case of young male is reported who presented with features of small bowel obstruction with tender mass in the right iliac fossa. CT scan suggested features of internal herniation. On exploration, he was found to have small intestine, large intestine, stomach and liver covered with a thick cocoon like membrane. The membrane was gently peeled off the small intestine. The patient recovered well and …

Practices Of Tracheal Suctioning Technique Among Health Care Professionals: Literature Review, Rozina Khimani, Fauziya Ali Dr., Salma Rattani, Mohammad Sohail Awan

Department of Surgery Docs

The current study aims to assess tracheal suctioning practices among health care practitioners; nurses, critical care technicians and physiotherapist. Employing literature review as the methodology, multiple databases were searched focusing on three phases of tracheal suctioning (a) the pre suctioning phase, (b) the suctioning phase, (c) the post suctioning phase and complications related to tracheal suctioning. It was concluded that to provide quality care it is important that the evidence based practice guidelines should be followed.

Ocular Manifestation, Complications And Aetiological Factors In Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis, Shaukat Ali Chhipa, Sadia Masood, Yasir Salarzai, Qazi Assad Khan, Khabir Ahmad, Sara Sajid

Department of Surgery Docs

Abstract

OBJECTIVE:

To describe the ocular manifestations of Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/Toxic Epidermal Necrosis among inpatients at a tertiary care hospital.

METHODS:

The retrospective observational descriptive study was carried out at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, and comprised data on age, gender, aetiology and ocular findings related to patients diagnosed with Stevens-Johnson Syndrome/ToxicEpidermal Necrosis between January 2000 and December 2011. SPSS 19 was used for statistical analysis.

RESULTS:

There were 87 patients; 48(55.2%) of them being males.The overall mean age was 33.2±22.2 years, ranging from 1 month to 84 years. The most common aetiology was idiopathic 20(23%) followed by non-steroidal inflammatory …