Medical Specialties Commons^™

Decreased Neuroinflammation And Increased Brain Energy Homeostasis Following Environmental Enrichment After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Is Associated With Improvement In Cognitive Function, Teresita L. Briones, Julie Woods, Magdalena Rogozinska

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Persistent neuroinflammation and disruptions in brain energy metabolism is commonly seen in traumatic brain injury (TBI). Because of the lack of success of most TBI interventions and the documented benefits of environmental enrichment (EE) in enhancing brain plasticity, here we focused our study on use of EE in regulating injury-induced neuroinflammation and disruptions in energy metabolism in the prefrontal cortex and hippocampus. Adult male Wistar rats were used in the study and randomly assigned to receive either: mild TBI (mTBI) using the controlled cortical injury model or sham surgery. Following surgery, rats from each group were further randomized …

Subjective Health Status And Health-Related Quality Of Life Among Women With Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidosis (Rvvc) In Europe And The Usa, Samuel Aballéa, Florent Guelfucci, Julian Wagner, Amine Khemiri, Jean-Paul Dietz, Jack Sobel, Mondher Toumi

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis (RVVC) is a chronic condition causing discomfort and pain. Health status and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in RVVC were never previously described using validated questionnaires. The objective of this study is to describe subjective health status and HRQoL and estimate health state utilities among women with RVVC.

Methods

A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among women who reported having suffered four or more yeast infections over the past 12 months, in five European countries (France, Germany, Italy, Spain and the UK) and the USA. Index scores were derived from the EQ-5D, a questionnaire providing …

An Edge-Directed Interpolation Method For Fetal Spine Mr Images, Shaode Yu, Rui Zhang, Shibin Wu, Jiani Hu, Yaoqin Xie

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Fetal spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a prenatal routine for proper assessment of fetus development, especially when suspected spinal malformations occur while ultrasound fails to provide details. Limited by hardware, fetal spine MR images suffer from its low resolution.

High-resolution MR images can directly enhance readability and improve diagnosis accuracy. Image interpolation for higher resolution is required in clinical situations, while many methods fail to preserve edge structures. Edge carries heavy structural messages of objects in visual scenes for doctors to detect suspicions, classify malformations and make correct diagnosis. Effective interpolation with well-preserved edge structures is still …

Bronchial Thermoplasty, Javier Diaz-Mendoza, Chong Bai, Hai-Dong Huang, Michael J. Simoff

Internal Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Do Mechanical Pressure-Equalizing Devices Such As Otovent® And Prep Relieve Or Reduce Ear Pain And Pressure In Aircraft Passengers During Flight?, Michael Ferentino

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not mechanical pressure-equalizing devices relieve or reduce ear pain and pressure in aircraft passengers during flight.

STUDY DESIGN: A review of two double-blind control trials and one case control study published between 1988 and 2010 in the English language.

DATA RESOURCES: Double-blind control trials focused on the use of pressure-equalizing ear plugs (PREP) and a case control study on the Otovent® auto-inflation device for the prevention of barotrauma in aircraft passengers were found using Cochraine Library, Medline, and PubMed.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: Outcomes measured …

Open Tracheostomy After Aborted Percutaneous Approach Due To Tracheoscopy Revealing Occult Tracheal Wall Ulcer, John Schweiger, Collin Sprenker, Devanand Mangar, Rachel Karlnoski, Naga Pullakhandam, Enrico M. Camporesi

Surgery Faculty Publications

Tracheostomy is a common procedure for intensive care patients requiring prolonged mechanical ventilation. In this case report, we describe a 78-year-old female patient admitted for an aneurysm of the cerebral anterior communicating artery. Following immediate endovascular coiling, she remained ventilated and was transferred to the neurological intensive care unit. On postoperative day ten, a percutaneous tracheostomy (PCT) was requested; however, a large ulcer or possible tracheoesophageal fistula was identified on the posterior tracheal wall following bronchoscopic assessment of the trachea. Therefore, the requested PCT procedure was aborted. An open tracheostomy in the operating room was completed; however, due to the …

Synapsis: Philadelphia Campus (2013), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

All Yearbooks

This yearbook includes American Medical Association (AMA), American Medical Student Association (AMSA), American Medical Women's Association (AMWA), Association of the American College of Osteopathic Family Physicians (ACOFP), Asian Pacific American Medical Student Association (APAMSA), Robert Berger, DO Pediatrics Society, Christian Medical Dental Association (CMDA), Kappa Sigma Phi, KSPh, (ΚΣΦ) Women's Osteopathic Society, Medical Students for Choice, Military Osteopathic Physicians and Surgeons (AMOPS), Muslim Student Medical Association, National Latino Health Organization (NLHO), Phi Sigma Gamma PSG, (ΦΣΓ) Fraternity, Physicians for Human Rights Club, Physicians for Social Responsibility Club, Sigma Sigma Phi SSPh, (ΣΣΦ) Honorary Osteopathic Service Fraternity, Student American Osteopathic Academy …

List Of Patients With Back Pain Post X-Ray And Treatment, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

List of Dr Koch's patients (names removed) who had back pain, showing their age, number of treatments, previous treatments and previous diagnoses.

Outline Of The Rehabilitation Program In Myocardial Infarction - Physical Therapy, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Hand-out for patients discussing week-by-week of exercises/stretches they should perform following heart attacks.

Untitled, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Conclsions and suggested research projects.

Untitled, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Personal notes for paper titled "Heart Paper"

Notes For Discussion On Back Aches, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Dr Koch's personal notes on causes and treatment of back ache and his opinons on the subject.

Justification For X-Rays, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Discusses the importance of utilizing spinal x-rays to diagnos spinal asymmetries to help in treatment of associated disorders.

Children's Postural Studies, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Lists Dr Koch's patients' s chief complaints as well as drawing of their spinal curves.

Proving Spinal Visceral Relations In General Practice, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Discusses how spinal x-rays can reveal asymmetries that had gone undiagnosed and their association with a dysfunctioned organ.

Structural Patterns & Principles Of Treatment In Asthmatic Patients, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Discusses and provides evidence for connection between spinal asymmetries and asthma.

Digest Of The Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine (Winter 2013), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Digest

The Winter 2013 issue of the Digest of the Philadelphia College of Osteopathic Medicine includes the following articles:

• Message from the President
• PCOM Updates
• Development News
• Institutional Heritage: Founders’ Day 2013
• Thoughts on Ethics, Values and Healing:
• Body, Mind, Spirit: How Can We Improve Mental Health Services?
• The Ethics of Youth Suicide and Risk Assessment in Practice
• Linking Faith, Health and Healing
• Ethics in Healthcare Education
• Making Ethical Decisions in Pharmacy Practice
• Class Notes
• In Memoriam
• My Turn Essay
• The Fund for PCOM

Treatment Of Fast Breathing In Neonates And Young Infants With Oral Amoxicillin Compared With Penicillin-Gentamicin Combination: Study Protocol For A Randomized, Open-Label Equivalence Trial, Antoinette Tshefu, Adrien Lokangaka, Cyril Engmann, Fabian Esamai, Peter Gisore, Adejumoke Idowu Ayed, Adegoke Gbadegesin Falade, Ebunoluwa A. Adejuyigbe, Chineme Henry Anyabolu, Robinson D. Wammanda, William N. Ogala, Lu Gram, Simon Cousens, Rajiv Bahl, Nigel Rollins, Sachiyo Yoshida, Shamim Ahmed Qaz

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Background: The World Health Organization recommends hospitalization and injectable antibiotic treatment for young infants (0–59 days old), who present with signs of possible serious bacterial infection. Fast breathing alone is not associated with a high mortality risk for young infants and has been treated with oral antibiotics in some settings. This trial was designed to examine the safety and efficacy of oral amoxicillin for young infants with fast breathing compared with that of an injectable penicillin–gentamicin combination. The study is currently being conducted in the Democratic Republic of Congo, Kenya and Nigeria

Methods/Design: This is a randomized, open-label equivalence trial. …

Disclosure Of Hiv Status To Children In Resource-Limited Settings: A Systematic Review, Rachel C. Vreeman, Anna Maria Gramelspacher, Peter Gisore, Michael L. Scanlon, Winstone M. Nyandiko

Paediatrics and Child Health, East Africa

Introduction: Informing children of their own HIV status is an important aspect of long-term disease management, yet there is little evidence of how and when this type of disclosure takes place in resource-limited settings and its impact.

Methods: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Cochrane Databases were searched for the terms hiv AND disclos* AND (child* OR adolesc*). We reviewed 934 article citations and the references of relevant articles to find articles describing disclosure to children and adolescents in resource-limited settings. Data were extracted regarding prevalence of disclosure, factors influencing disclosure, process of disclosure and impact of disclosure on children and caregivers.

Results: …

Optimizing Atraumatic Emergency Care In Child Sexual Abuse, Kristen A. Morris

Evidence-Based Practice Project Reports

Child sexual abuse has been identified as a common problem. According to the United States Department of Health and Human Services, in 2010 it was estimated that child victims of sexual abuse accounted for 9.2% (69,368) of the 573,794 children under the age of 12 years who were the victims of maltreatment. The emergency department (ED) is often the point of entry into the healthcare system for child sexual abuse victims, which adds to the resource burden of this department nationwide. The purpose of this evidence-based project was to develop a best-practice screening tool for medical providers to guide the …

Initial Results Tracking Patient Satisfaction In An Oncology Navigation Program, Dorothy Morrone Rnc, Ms, Ocn, Diane Mchugh Bsn, Ocn, Cbpn-Ic, Laura Beaupre Bsn, Ocn, Cbpn-Ic, Kathy Sevedge Rn, Ma, Aocn, Jane Zubia Rn, Ocn, Cbpn I-C, Raizalie Roman-Rosado Bsn, Ocn, Cmsrn, Martiza Y. Chicas Rn, Pccn

Patient Care Services / Nursing

No abstract provided.

Glue Sniffing Neuropathy And Review Of Literature, Hazim Brohi, Al Amri A. Saeed, Osamma Shams, Al Jundi E Ziad, Alreshi M Noauf, Abualela Handi, Khotani Amal, Babakkor Mohammed

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Glue sniffing neuropathy commonly known as n-hexane neuropathy. It is well documented that industrial exposure to n-hexane causes neuropathy, however it is less well recognized that inhalation of n-hexane present in the vapors can also cause neuropathy However such patients are not seen that frequently. The acute worsening also generates differential diagnosis of GBS. Most of literature is reported from west .We report such case for the first time from Saudi Arabia. A 35 year old male presented to us with progressive numbness followed by weakness in both legs since last three weeks. Over next two week he became chair …

What Diabetics Know About Diabetes?, Hazim Brohi, Aftab Ahmed Laghari, Shahid A Mirza, Arif Memon, Johar Khanzada, Tooba Rehman

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Patient’s lack of understanding of disease hinders in proper control of disease thus increasing the morbidity and mortality. Review of the studies done in this region, dose not provide a detail account of patients understanding about the disease. Majority of patients when interviewed in clinics do not know the right answer to cause, level of desired sugar, possible complication. Material and methods: Hospital-based cross-sectional KAP study was conducted on diabetic patients visiting the diabetic clinic in two tertiary care Hospitals and a diabetic poly clinic in different areas of Karachi during the month of September 2012. Results: The mean age …

Not All Asymptomatic Carotid Plaques Are Equal: Some Require Intervention, Iram Naz

Pakistan Journal of Neurological Sciences (PJNS)

Ischemic stroke represents a major health hazard around the world, which has a severe impact on society and the health-care systems. Roughly, 15% of all strokes can be attributed to significant atherosclerotic disease of the carotid arteries. Some patients presenting with disabling strokes for the first time cannot benefit from carotid revascularization having lost the opportunity of prevention. We know that all symptomatic patients were once asymptomatic. Hence, after identifying high risk carotid plaques and patient’s characteristics suitable for interventions, they should be offered carotid revascularization at specialized centers (with low perioperative stroke and death rates) to prevent stroke and …

Are We Ready For A New Epidemic Of Under Recognized Liver Disease In South Asia Especially In Pakistan? Non Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Om Parkash, Saeed Hamid

Section of Gastroenterology

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly recognized as an important public health problem nowadays. NAFLD encompass a variety of liver pathologies including simple steatosis, NASH, fibrosis, cirrhosis and finally cancer. It is associated with obesity, metabolic syndrome, dyslipidaemia, Insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. It is the most common chronic liver disease in USA and considered to be increasing in Asia Pacific region including South Asia however there is no community based study from Pakistan. Customarily NAFLD had been regarded as a benign disease; however clinical as well as epidemiological studies had contradicted this belief because approximately 20% …

An Unusual Combination Of Extra-Adrenal Pheochromocytoma And Arteriovenous Malformation Of The Ureter In A Young Adult, Ali Khawaja, Wajahat Aziz, Syed Muhammad Nazim, Farhat Abbas

Section of Urology

We present a case of a 24-year-old gentleman who presented with painless pan haematuria for 2 weeks. During the workup, he was diagnosed to have a retrocaval mass after a CT scan while cystoscopy revealed a polypoidal pulsating lesion in the left ureter. After surgical manipulation of the retrocaval mass, the blood pressure of the patient raised to 260/130 mm Hg. It was completely resected and diagnosed as extra-adrenalpheochromocytoma (paraganglioma) after histopathology. The lesion in the ureter was completely excised and fulgurated and diagnosed as anarteriovenous malformation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first patient to be …

Renal Arteriovenous Malformation: An Unusual Cause Of Recurrent Haematuria, Mazhar Ali, Wajahat Aziz, Farhat Abbas

Section of Urology

A 54-year-old woman presented with gross painless haematuria. Initial workup showed no abnormality except mild hydronephrosis on CT scan. Cystoscopy and retrograde pyelography did not find any gross lesion and her urine cytology was also negative. She had recurrent haematuria so her CT was reviewed with the radiologist with clinical suspicion of arteriovenous malformation (AVM) which was suggested by relatively increased contrast density in the hemiazygous vein and renal vein in the arterial phase. She underwent angioembiolisation of left renal AVM after which her haematuria settled.

Molecular Mechanisms Related To Endotoxemia In Primary Human Cardiomyocytes In Culture, Atijah J. Collins

PCOM Biomedical Studies Student Scholarship

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in the United States and has been for the past 80 years. Development of novel therapeutic agents to address the large number of CVD deaths requires an in depth understanding of the structural and functional properties of human cardiomyocytes. Over the last few years we have been developing an in vitro paradigm to assess molecular cardiodynamics in Primary Human Cardiomyocyte in culture (PHCC). We tested the hypothesis whether endotoxemia would exhibit a marked decrease in contractile proteins and cause apoptosis in PHCC. In the current series of experiments, we induced endotoxemia …

Validation Of The Ottawa Ankle Rules At A Tertiary Teaching Hospital: A Cross-Sectional Study, Mark Karanja Tharao

Master of Medicine in General Surgery

Introduction: Ankle joint and foot injuries are among the commonest injuries seen at the Accident and Emergency Department of any hospital. Within the United States it is the second most common musculoskeletal injury seen by physicians. Assessment of these injuries is done clinically and when deemed necessary a radiograph is requested. Studies have shown that radiographs are ordered in over 95% of cases yet the prevalence of fractures is in the range of 15-20%. This means that more than 80% of patients are exposed to unnecessary radiation. The Ottawa ankle rules have been designed to reduce the need for performing …

Limited Effectiveness Of Hiv Prevention For Young People In Sub-Saharan Africa: Studying The Role Of Intervention And Evaluation, Kristien Michielsen, Marleen Temmerman, Van Rossem

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

On average, 2,500 young people (15-24 years) get -infected with HIV every day; 80% of which live in sub-Saharan Africa. Since no cure or vaccine is available, reducing sexual risk behaviour in this group is crucial in tackling the epidemic. The general objective of this doctoral study was to improve the effectiveness of HIV prevention interventions for young people in sub-Saharan Africa. First, we assessed the overall effectiveness of such interventions (systematic literature review, meta-analysis). Secondly, we evaluated a school-based peer-led HIV prevention interventions in Rwanda (longitudinal, non-randomized controlled trial), to get insight into how interventions are developed, implemented and …