Medical Specialties Commons^™

Improving Quality Of Maternal And Newborn Care In Selected Districts In 3 Sub-Saharan Countries: Baseline Quality Assessment, Els Duysburgh, Wei-Hong Zhang, M. Ye, Adrian Williams, S. Massawe, A. Sie, J. Williams, R. Mpembeni, S. Loukanova, Marleen Temmerman

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Objectives: To measure pre-intervention quality of routine antenatal and childbirth care in rural districts of Burkina Faso, Ghana and Tanzania and to identify shortcomings.

Methods: In each country, we selected two adjoining rural districts. Within each district, we randomly sampled 6 primary healthcare facilities. Quality of care was assessed through health facility surveys, direct observation of antenatal and childbirth care, exit interviews and review of patient records.

Results: By and large, quality of antenatal and childbirth care in the six districts was satisfactory, but we did identify some critical gaps common to the study sites in all three countries. Counselling …

Aβ Alters The Dna Methylation Status Of Cell-Fate Genes In An Alzheimer’S Disease Model, Gary D. Isaacs, Noor Taher, Courtney Mckenzie, Rebecca Garrett, Matthew Baker, Nena Fox

Faculty Publications and Presentations

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by neurofibrillary tangles and extracellular amyloid-β plaques (Aβ). Despite ongoing research, some ambiguity remains surrounding the role of Aβ in the pathogenesis of this neurodegenerative disease. While several studies have focused on the mutations associated with AD, our understanding of the epigenetic contributions to the disease remains less clear. To that end, we determined the changes in DNA methylation in differentiated human neurons with and without Aβ treatment. We isolated the DNA from neurons treated with Aβ or vehicle, and digested the two samples with either a methylation-sensitive (HpaII) or a methylation-insensitive (MspI) restriction endonuclease. …

Secondary Membranous Nephropathy Associated With Guillain-Barré Syndrome., Edward J Filippone, Mitul Kanzaria, Rodney Bell, Eric Newman, John L Farber

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Membranous nephropathy (MN) is one of the most common causes of nephrotic syndrome (NS) in adults. It may be primary, usually mediated by IgG4 anti-phospholipase A2 autoantibodies or secondary to various other conditions. Guillain- Barré syndrome (GBS) has been associated with MN, but a cause and effect relation has not been proven. We present a case of concurrent development of GBS and severe NS, with renal biopsy demonstrating MN. IgG4 stain was negative, indicating that most likely, the MN was secondary and probably caused by the underlying GBS.

Advancing Maternal Survival In The Global Context: Are Our Strategies Working?, Omar A Khan, Richard Derman, Nancy L Sloan

Department of Family & Community Medicine Faculty Papers

There have been significant gains in improving maternal mortality over the last two decades. Researchers have suggested a variety of interventions and mechanisms to explain these improvements. While it is likely that much of what has been done in research and programs has contributed to this decline, the evidence regarding what works in the settings in which women deliver continues to face many challenges. We review the evidence for these improvements and suggest that there remain areas to focus on, particularly the births which currently take place in an unsupervised or substandard environments. We highlight the main areas where more …

Redox-Regulated Relb-Ar Axis Mediates Prostate Specific Antigen Expression: Insight In Prostate Cancer Response To Radiation Therapy, Lu Miao

Theses and Dissertations--Toxicology and Cancer Biology

Although the prostate specific antigen (PSA) test is widely used in clinical settings for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis and post-treatment follow-up monitoring, false positive PSA test results, which contribute to over-diagnosis of PCa, and false negative results, which miss some patients with aggressive PCa, remain problems of clinical importance.

Our study demonstrates that radiation therapy, which is widely used for treatment of localized PCa, generates TNF-α in tumor cells and stromal fibroblasts, redox dependently. Interestingly, TNF-α rapidly and transiently triggers the RelA-mediated NF-κB canonical pathway, but its effect on RelB expression is more robust and long lasting, which leads to …

Anti-Inflammatory Effects Of Budesonide In Human Lung Fibroblast Are Independent Of Histone Deacetylase 2, Xingqi Wang, Amy J. Nelson, Zachary M. Weiler, Amol Patil, Tadashi Sato, Nobuhiro Kanaji, Masanori Nakanishi, Joel Michalski, Maha Farid, Hesham Basma, Tricia D. Levan, Anna Miller-Larsson, Elisabet Wieslander, Kai-Christian Muller, Olaf Holz, Helgo Magnussen, Klaus F. Rabe, Xiangde Liu, Stephen I. Rennard

Journal Articles: Pulmonary & Critical Care Med

OBJECTIVE AND DESIGN: Reduced expression of histone deacetylase 2 (HDAC2) in alveolar macrophages and epithelial cells may account for reduced response of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients to glucocorticoids. HDAC2 expression and its role in mediating glucocorticoid effects on fibroblast functions, however, has not been fully studied. This study was designed to investigate whether HDAC2 mediates glucocorticoid effects on release of inflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) from human lung fibroblasts.

METHODS: Human lung fibroblasts (HFL-1 cells) were stimulated with interleukin (IL)-1 β plus tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the presence or absence of the glucocorticoid budesonide. Cytokines (IL-6 …

Potential For High Resolution Microscintigraphy Using Polycapillary Optics, Patrick Richard Conlon

Legacy Theses & Dissertations (2009 - 2024)

Scintigraphy, also known as nuclear imaging, is the process of imaging an object that has been labeled with a radioactive material. A novel technique employing polycapillary optics for very high - resolution scintigraphy is presented. The small channel size and angular selectivity of polycapillary optics allow them to act as multiple-hole collimators and be used with high - resolution detectors. The ability of the optics to work with high resolution detectors allow the system to discriminate against scatter, thus negating the need for energy sensitive detectors, which are known to have poor resolution. Therefore the use of polycapillary optics presents …

Observations On Eye Care In Lamu, Kenya: Overlooked Needs And Proposed Interventions, Erick Henderson, Rebecca Gearhart

Scholarship

These notes draw attention to the underserved eye care needs of residents of Lamu, Kenya. They are comprised of observations that we, Rebecca Gearhart, an anthropology professor at Illinois Wesleyan University (IWU) and Erick Henderson, an IWU biology and pre-optometry major and president of the Optometry Club, made while volunteering at a clinic in Lamu, Kenya during the summer of 2011. Plans to establish a temporary eye clinic emerged after Rebecca discovered that Erick was an optometric technician who might use his portable optometry lens set to fit residents of Lamu Town on Lamu Island for glasses and teach them …

Oncolog, Volume 58, Number 01, January 2013, Joe Munch, Sunni Hosemann

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Emerging Vaccines Take Aim at Preventing Recurrent Breast Cancer: Myriad advances have been made in the treatment of breast cancer, and cures are achieved in many patients. However, there are still patients whose cancer recurs, and most of these patients will die of their disease. This indicates a need for other therapies that can be used to prevent recurrent disease. One potential option is breast cancer vaccines.
• Compass: Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Concomitant liver disease affects treatment options
• HOUSE CALL: Music Therapy-Music therapists help cancer patients manage stress and side effects

Pediatric Obesity Class: Teaching Kids How To Live Healthy Lifestyle, Sara Wilson Reece

Scholarly Posters

Childhood obesity has reached epidemic proportions in the United States. At The Longstreet Clinic, PC, Diabetes Education and Medical Nutritional Therapy Department, and Pediatric Department have joined together to create the Pediatric Obesity Class to address the epidemic of pediatric obesity in the local community. In the class, the child and parent are taught about calories, how to develop healthy eating habits and become physically active as a family. Visual aids as well as hands on activities for both nutritional and physical activity components of class are utilized. Thus far, approximately 120 children along with their parent(s) have participated in …

Untitled, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Provides support for association between spinal asymmetry and heart disease and how osteopathic physicians can help treat heart disease through treatment of asymmetries.

Principles Of Manipulative Management Of Essential Hypertension, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Rough draft of article on musculoskeletal findings and treatment associated with hypertension.

"Health" Magazine Article - Osteopathic Concept And Spinal Study Statistics In Children, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Rough Draft for Dr. Koch's contribution to an article in Health magazine discussing spinal findings in children and their correlation in neck and back pain and other dysfunctions.

General Principles Of Spinal Treatment, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Discusses mechanism behind spinal asymmetry and back pain and then provides therapy modalities and images to demonstrate these treatment options.

Spinal Asymmetries - Their Determination, Incidence And Pathophysiologic Association, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Abstract for talk at Madrid FIMM Convention on spinal asymmetries

Neck Care, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Hand-out given to Dr Koch's patients, that provided plan following their neck treatment.

Poignant Pointers From 60 Years Treating Backs And Necks - Goals, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Article discussing etiology of chronic back and neck aches and how to reduce/remove these causes and permanently strengthen back via fibrin therapy; "back-ache genesis"; in support of fibrotherapy.

Justifying Postural X-Rays To Reveal Asymmetries, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Abstract which attempts to justify the use of spinal x-rays to reveal spinal asymmetries that correlate with back pain and visceral dysfunction/diseases.

Personal Notes On Asthma And Colds, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Dr Koch's personal notes on asthma and colds.

Manipulation And Physical Medicine In Abdominal Disorders, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Discusses correlation between gastrointestinal complaints and spinal asymmetry findings.

Exercises For Breathing, Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Hand-out for patients discussing exercises for breathing.

Asthma & Cardiac Physician Treatment (Techniques), Richard S. Koch

Koch Collection, Papers of Richard S Koch, DO

Dr Koch's notes on treatment techniques used for his patients with asthma/cardiac issues.

2013 Founders Day, Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

Founders Day Programs

The 2013 Founders Day OJ Snyder Memorial Medal recipient was Saul Jeck, DO, FACOOG. The Philadelphia Campus Mason W Pressly Memorial Medal Recipient was Mark A. Vila, MBA (DO '13). The Georgia campus Mason W Pressly Memorial Medal Recipient was Annise K. Chung, (DO '13).

Synapsis: Georgia Campus (2013), Philadelphia College Of Osteopathic Medicine

All Yearbooks

The yearbook includes Class Officers, White Coat Ceremony, Holiday Luncheon, GOMA Banquet, Cadaver Ceremony, Cardiology, Clubs, Emergency Medicine, Breast Cancer Awareness, Adopt-a-Road, Bowling, Ob-Gyn, Play, Surgery, CMDA, Sigma Sigma Phi, SSPh, (ΣΣΦ), Sports Medicine, Student Interest Group in Neurology, Undergraduate American Academy of Osteopathy, UAAO, Internal Medicine, International Medicine, DO Day on the Hill, Student Osteopathic Medical Association, SOMA, American Osteopathic Association, AOA, Conferences, Prom, Orientation, Suturing Clinic and Scrubs, Student Association of Military Osteopathic Physicians & Surgeons, AMOPS, Halloween, Casino Night, Student American Osteopathic Academy of Orthopedics, Green Team, Corley Elementary Volunteering Event, Casting Clinic, Convocation, OMM Lab, Gwinnett …

Analysis Of Autophagy And Inflammasome Regulation In Neuronal Cells And Monocytes Infected With Chlamydia Pneumoniae: Implications For Alzheimer’S Disease, Brian J. Balin, Christine J. Hammond, Juliana Zoga, Ahmad B. Cader, Annette K. Slutter, Jonathan M. Anzman, Ian Kohler, Susan T. Hingley, Denah M. Appelt

Scholarly Posters

Objectives: Our laboratory has been studying the role of infection with the obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia pneumoniae in sporadic late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD). This infection may be a trigger for the pathology observed in LOAD as a function of initiating changes in gene regulation following entry of the organism into the brain. As such, we are analyzing how this infection can promote changes in autophagy and inflammasome gene regulation as both have been shown to be altered in LOAD. Methods: Human SKNMC neuronal cells and THP1 monocytes were infected in vitro for 24-72 hrs with a laboratory strain of Chlamydia …

Relevance Of Molecular Mimicry In The Mediation Of Infectious Myocarditis, Chandirasegaran Massilamany, Sally A. Huber, Madeleine W. Cunningham, Jay Reddy

Jay Reddy Publications

Heart disease, the leading cause of death in humans, is estimated to affect one in four American adults in some form. One predominant cause of heart failure in young adults is myocarditis, which can lead to the development of dilated cardiomyopathy, a major indication for heart transplantation. Environmental microbes, including viruses, bacteria, and fungi that are otherwise innocuous, have the potential to induce inflammatory heart disease. As the list is growing, it is critical to determine the mechanisms by which microbes can trigger heart autoimmunity and, importantly, to identify their target antigens. This is especially true as microbes showing structural …

Effect Of Doping On Β-Tricalcium Phosphate Bioresorbable Bulk Material And Thin Film Coatings, Suhaila Abdalla

Dissertations

Magnesium has emerged as a revolutionary biodegradable metal for use as an orthopedic material, it has several advantages over the permanent metallic materials currently in use, including eliminating the effects of stress shielding, improving biocompatibility and degradation properties, thus removing the requirement of a second surgery for implant removal. Due to the rapid degradation of magnesium, it is necessary to control the corrosion rates of the materials to match the rates of bone healing. This dissertation reports on the effect of doping on the properties of β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP). It also reports on its application as a thin film coating …

Infections In Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, C. Stucken, D.N. Garras, J.L. Shaner, Steven B. Cohen

Rothman Institute Papers

Context: Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a safe, common, and effective method of restoring stability to the knee after injury, but evolving techniques of reconstruction carry inherent risk. Infection after ACL reconstruction, while rare, carries a high morbidity potentially resulting in poor clinical outcome.

Evidence Acquisition: Data were obtained from previously published peer-reviewed literature through a search of the entire PubMed database (up to December 2012) as well as from textbook chapters.

Results: Treatment with culture-specific antibiotics and debridement with graft retention is generally more effective than graft removal, but with persistent infection consideration should be given to graft …

Targeting And Killing Of Glioblastoma With Activated T Cells Armed With Bispecific Antibodies, Ian M. Zitron, Archana Thakur, Oxana Norkina, Geoffrey R. Barger, Lawrence G. Lum, Sandeep Mittal

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Since most glioblastomas express both wild-type EGFR and EGFRvIII as well as HER2/neu, they are excellent targets for activated T cells (ATC) armed with bispecific antibodies (BiAbs) that target EGFR and HER2.

Methods

ATC were generated from PBMC activated for 14 days with anti-CD3 monoclonal antibody in the presence of interleukin-2 and armed with chemically heteroconjugated anti-CD3×anti-HER2/neu (HER2Bi) and/or anti-CD3×anti-EGFR (EGFRBi). HER2Bi- and/or EGFRBi-armed ATC were examined for in vitro cytotoxicity using MTT and ⁵¹Cr-release assays against malignant glioma lines (U87MG, U118MG, and U251MG) and primary glioblastoma lines.

Results

EGFRBi-armed ATC killed up to 85% of U87, …

Maternal Circulating Leukocytes Display Early Chemotactic Responsiveness During Late Gestation, Nardhy Gomez-Lopez, Satomi Tanaka, Zoya Zaeem, Gerlinde A. Metz, David M. Olson

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Parturition has been widely described as an immunological response; however, it is unknown how this is triggered. We hypothesized that an early event in parturition is an increased responsiveness of peripheral leukocytes to chemotactic stimuli expressed by reproductive tissues, and this precedes expression of tissue chemotactic activity, uterine activation and the systemic progesterone/estradiol shift.

Methods

Tissues and blood were collected from pregnant Long-Evans rats on gestational days (GD) 17, 20 and 22 (term gestation). We employed a validated Boyden chamber assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real time-polymerase chain reaction, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays.

Results

We found that GD20 maternal …