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School of Medicine Faculty Publications

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Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

Microrna Heterogeneity, Innate-Immune Defense And The Efficacy Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection—A Commentary, Walter J. Lukiw Jun 2021

Microrna Heterogeneity, Innate-Immune Defense And The Efficacy Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection—A Commentary, Walter J. Lukiw

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the genus Betacoronavirus in the family Coronaviridae, possesses an unusually large single-stranded viral RNA (ssvRNA) genome of about ~29,811 nucleotides (nt) that causes severe and acute respiratory distress and a highly lethal viral pneumonia known as COVID-19. COVID-19 also presents with multiple ancillary systemic diseases and often involves cardiovascular, inflammatory, and/or neurological complications. Pathological viral genomes consisting of ssvRNA, like cellular messenger RNA (mRNA), are susceptible to attack, destruction, neutralization, and/or modulation by naturally occurring small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) within the host cell, some of which are known as microRNAs (miRNAs). …

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Elv-N32 And Rvd6 Isomer Decrease Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Senescence Programming, Ace2 And Sars-Cov-2-Spike Protein Rbd Binding In Injured Cornea, Thang L. Pham, Jiucheng He, Azucena H. Kakazu, Jorgelina Calandria, Khanh V. Do, Robert Nshimiyimana, Ting F. Lam, Nicos A. Petasis, Haydee E.P. Bazan, Nicolas G. Bazan Jun 2021

Elv-N32 And Rvd6 Isomer Decrease Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines, Senescence Programming, Ace2 And Sars-Cov-2-Spike Protein Rbd Binding In Injured Cornea, Thang L. Pham, Jiucheng He, Azucena H. Kakazu, Jorgelina Calandria, Khanh V. Do, Robert Nshimiyimana, Ting F. Lam, Nicos A. Petasis, Haydee E.P. Bazan, Nicolas G. Bazan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a pandemic affecting the most vulnerable in society, triggering a public health crisis and economic collapse around the world. Effective treatments to mitigate this viral infection are needed. Since the eye is a route of virus entrance, we use an in vivo rat model of corneal inflammation as well as human corneal epithelial cells (HCEC) in culture challenged with IFNγ as models of the eye surface to study this issue. We explore ways to block the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of SARS-CoV-2 Spike …

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Rates Of Osteoporosis Management And Secondary Preventative Treatment After Primary Fragility Fractures, Bailey J. Ross, Olivia C. Lee, Mitchel B. Harris, Thomas C. Dowd, Felix H. Savoie 3rd, William F. Sherman Jun 2021

Rates Of Osteoporosis Management And Secondary Preventative Treatment After Primary Fragility Fractures, Bailey J. Ross, Olivia C. Lee, Mitchel B. Harris, Thomas C. Dowd, Felix H. Savoie 3rd, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Fragility fractures are often sentinel events in documenting new cases of osteoporosis. Numerous analyses have demonstrated low rates of adequate osteoporosis evaluation and treatment following primary fragility fractures. The purpose of this study was to quantify the incidence of primary fragility fractures in America and the rates of osteoporosis screening and management before and after fracture. Methods: A retrospective review of the PearlDiver database was conducted using the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) and ICD, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Patients who were 60 to 80 years of age and had primary fragility fractures …

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Development Of Parameters Towards Voice Bifurcations, Takeshi Ikuma, Andrew J. Mcwhorter, Lacey Adkins, Melda Kunduk Jun 2021

Development Of Parameters Towards Voice Bifurcations, Takeshi Ikuma, Andrew J. Mcwhorter, Lacey Adkins, Melda Kunduk

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Pathological vocal folds are known to exhibit multiple oscillation patterns, depending on tissue imbalance, subglottal pressure level, and other factors. This includes mid-phonation changes due to bifurcations in the underlying voice source system. Knowledge of when changes in oscillation patterns occur is helpful in the assessments of voice disorders, and the knowledge could be transformed into useful objective measures. Mid-phonation bifurcations can occur in rapid succession; hence, a fast classification of oscillation pattern is critical to minimize the averaging of data across bifurcations. This paper proposes frequency-ratio based short-term measures, named harmonic disturbance factor (HDF) and biphonic index (BI), towards …

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Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (Lipus) Use For The Management Of Instrumented, Infected, And Fragility Non-Unions: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Healing Proportions, Ross Leighton, Mark Phillips, Mohit Bhandari, Robert Zura Jun 2021

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (Lipus) Use For The Management Of Instrumented, Infected, And Fragility Non-Unions: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Healing Proportions, Ross Leighton, Mark Phillips, Mohit Bhandari, Robert Zura

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Non-union occurs in approximately 5 to 10% of fracture patients, with certain bones at greater risk of failing to heal. Non-unions have a significant impact on socioeconomic costs and the patients short and long-term quality of life. Low intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) is a non-invasive therapy for non-union treatment that can improve the long-term outcome. The purpose of this study is to summarize the available literature assessing LIPUS potential to improve the union rate in instrumented, infected, and fragility non-unions. Methods: A literature search was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CINAHL databases for all relevant literature on the …

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Elovanoids Downregulate Sars-Cov-2 Cell-Entry, Canonical Mediators And Enhance Protective Signaling In Human Alveolar Cells, Jorgelina M. Calandria, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Nicholas J. Maness, Marie Audrey I. Kautzmann, Aram Asatryan, William C. Gordon, Khanh V. Do, Bokkyoo Jun, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Nicos A. Petasis, Nicolas G. Bazan Jun 2021

Elovanoids Downregulate Sars-Cov-2 Cell-Entry, Canonical Mediators And Enhance Protective Signaling In Human Alveolar Cells, Jorgelina M. Calandria, Surjyadipta Bhattacharjee, Nicholas J. Maness, Marie Audrey I. Kautzmann, Aram Asatryan, William C. Gordon, Khanh V. Do, Bokkyoo Jun, Pranab K. Mukherjee, Nicos A. Petasis, Nicolas G. Bazan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The pro-homeostatic lipid mediators elovanoids (ELVs) attenuate cell binding and entrance of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding domain (RBD) as well as of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in human primary alveoli cells in culture. We uncovered that very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid precursors (VLC-PUFA, n-3) activate ELV biosynthesis in lung cells. Both ELVs and their precursors reduce the binding to RBD. ELVs downregulate angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) and enhance the expression of a set of protective proteins hindering cell surface virus binding and upregulating defensive proteins against lung damage. In addition, ELVs and their precursors decreased the signal of spike (S) protein found in …

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Emergency Use Of Targeted Osmotic Lysis For The Treatment Of A Patient With Aggressive Late-Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Cervix, Harry J. Gould, Paige R. Miller, Samantha Edenfield, Kelly Jean Sherman, Chad K. Brady, Dennis Paul Jun 2021

Emergency Use Of Targeted Osmotic Lysis For The Treatment Of A Patient With Aggressive Late-Stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma Of The Cervix, Harry J. Gould, Paige R. Miller, Samantha Edenfield, Kelly Jean Sherman, Chad K. Brady, Dennis Paul

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Upregulation of voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) and Na+/K+-ATPase (sodium pumps) is common across most malignant carcinomas. Targeted osmotic lysis (TOL) is a developing technology in which the concomitant stimulation of VGSCs and pharmacological blockade of sodium pumps causes rapid selective osmotic lysis of carcinoma cells. This treatment of cervical carcinoma is evidence that TOL is a safe, well-tolerated and effective treatment for aggressive advanced carcinomas that has the potential to extend life without compromising its quality. TOL is likely to have broad application for the treatment of advanced-stage carcinomas.

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Evaluation Of Serum Magnesium Differences In Hypertensive Crises And Control Patients: A Randomly Matched Case-Control Study, Ifeanyi Chukwu O. Onor, Emily K. Johnston, Nicole G. Little, Lashira M. Hill, Oluwabunmi E. Lawal, Casey J. Payne, Mallory R. Coleman, Carolkim H. Huynh, Sarah E. Bilbe, Ahlam A. Ayyad, Kabrea J. Jones, Jasmine D. Kinnard, Rosanna Dastoori, Devinn K. Rolland, Amanda S. Miller, Robbie A. Beyl, Christopher J. Gillard, John I. Okogbaa, Daniel F. Sarpong, Rim M. Hadgu, Amne Borghol, Samuel C. Okpechi, Mihran V. Naljayan, Shane E. Sanne, Shane G. Guillory Jun 2021

Evaluation Of Serum Magnesium Differences In Hypertensive Crises And Control Patients: A Randomly Matched Case-Control Study, Ifeanyi Chukwu O. Onor, Emily K. Johnston, Nicole G. Little, Lashira M. Hill, Oluwabunmi E. Lawal, Casey J. Payne, Mallory R. Coleman, Carolkim H. Huynh, Sarah E. Bilbe, Ahlam A. Ayyad, Kabrea J. Jones, Jasmine D. Kinnard, Rosanna Dastoori, Devinn K. Rolland, Amanda S. Miller, Robbie A. Beyl, Christopher J. Gillard, John I. Okogbaa, Daniel F. Sarpong, Rim M. Hadgu, Amne Borghol, Samuel C. Okpechi, Mihran V. Naljayan, Shane E. Sanne, Shane G. Guillory

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although the role of magnesium in blood pressure has been well studied among hypertensive patients, no study has explored the role of magnesium in hypertensive crises. The primary objective of this study is to evaluate the differences in serum magnesium levels between hypertensive crises patients and matched controls (age-, sex-, race-, and diabetes-matched) in a 1:1 random match. This study is a single-center, retrospective, chart review, case-control study of patients with hypertensive crises (case group) and patients without hypertensive crises (control group). Patients were included in the case group if they were 18 years of age or older with hypertensive …

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Disruption Of Foxo3a-Mirna Feedback Inhibition Of Igf2/Igf-1r/Irs1 Signaling Confers Herceptin Resistance In Her2-Positive Breast Cancer, Liyun Luo, Zhijie Zhang, Ni Qiu, Li Ling, Xiaoting Jia, Ying Song, Hongsheng Li, Jiansheng Li, Hui Lyu, Hao Liu, Zhimin He, Bolin Liu, Guopei Zheng May 2021

Disruption Of Foxo3a-Mirna Feedback Inhibition Of Igf2/Igf-1r/Irs1 Signaling Confers Herceptin Resistance In Her2-Positive Breast Cancer, Liyun Luo, Zhijie Zhang, Ni Qiu, Li Ling, Xiaoting Jia, Ying Song, Hongsheng Li, Jiansheng Li, Hui Lyu, Hao Liu, Zhimin He, Bolin Liu, Guopei Zheng

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Resistance to Herceptin represents a significant challenge for successful treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer. Here, we show that in Herceptin-sensitive cells, FOXO3a regulates specific miRNAs to control IGF2 and IRS1 expression, retaining basic IGF2/IGF-1R/IRS1 signaling. The basic activity maintains expression of PPP3CB, a subunit of the serine/threonine-protein phosphatase 2B, to restrict FOXO3a phosphorylation (p-FOXO3a), inducing IGF2- and IRS1-targeting miRNAs. However, in Herceptin-resistant cells, p-FOXO3a levels are elevated due to transcriptional suppression of PPP3CB, disrupting the negative feedback inhibition loop formed by FOXO3a and the miRNAs, thereby upregulating IGF2 and IRS1. Moreover, we detect significantly increased IGF2 in blood and IRS1 …

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Short-Term Reoperation Risk After Surgical And Nonsurgical Management Of Isolated Greater Tuberosity Fractures, Akshar H. Patel, Olivia C. Lee, Michael J. O'Brien, Felix H. Savoie, William F. Sherman May 2021

Short-Term Reoperation Risk After Surgical And Nonsurgical Management Of Isolated Greater Tuberosity Fractures, Akshar H. Patel, Olivia C. Lee, Michael J. O'Brien, Felix H. Savoie, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: The outcomes and complication rates of patients with isolated greater tuberosity fractures are not well documented. The present study aimed to evaluate the reoperation rates, types of reoperations, and complications for patients undergoing open reduction internal fixation and those undergoing initial nonoperative treatment of isolated greater tuberosity fractures. Methods: An administrative claims database was queried from 2010 to 2018 for adult patients treated with open reduction internal fixation or initial nonoperative treatment within 6 weeks of sustaining a closed isolated greater tuberosity fracture. Reoperation rates, types of reoperations, local/surgical complications, and systemic complications for two cohorts were collected, and …

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Temporary Intravascular Shunts After Civilian Arterial Injury: A Prospective Multicenter Eastern Association For The Surgery Of Trauma Study, Lily Tung, Jennifer Leonard, Ryan A. Lawless, Alexis Cralley, Richard Betzold, Jason D. Pasley, Kenji Inaba, Jennie S. Kim, Dennis Y. Kim, Kwang Kim, Bradley M. Dennis, Michael C. Smith, Margaret Moore, Christina Tran, Joshua P. Hazelton, Atlee Melillo, Tejal S. Brahmbhatt, Stephanie Talutis, Noelle N. Saillant, Jae Moo Lee, Mark J. Seamon May 2021

Temporary Intravascular Shunts After Civilian Arterial Injury: A Prospective Multicenter Eastern Association For The Surgery Of Trauma Study, Lily Tung, Jennifer Leonard, Ryan A. Lawless, Alexis Cralley, Richard Betzold, Jason D. Pasley, Kenji Inaba, Jennie S. Kim, Dennis Y. Kim, Kwang Kim, Bradley M. Dennis, Michael C. Smith, Margaret Moore, Christina Tran, Joshua P. Hazelton, Atlee Melillo, Tejal S. Brahmbhatt, Stephanie Talutis, Noelle N. Saillant, Jae Moo Lee, Mark J. Seamon

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: We sought to determine the impact of the indication for shunt placement on shunt-related outcomes after major arterial injuries. We hypothesized that a shunt placed for damage control indications would be associated with an increase in shunt-related complications including shunt dislodgement, thrombosis, or distal ischemia. Patients & methods: A prospective, multicenter study (eleven level one US trauma centers) of all adult trauma patients undergoing temporary intravascular shunts (TIVS) after arterial injury was undertaken (January 2017-May 2019). Exclusion criteria included age <15years, shunt placement distal to popliteal/brachial arteries, isolated venous shunts, and death before shunt removal. Clinical variables were compared by indication and shunt-related complications. The primary endpoint was TIVS complications (thrombosis, migration, distal ischemia). Results: The 66 patients who underwent TIVS were primarily young (30years [IQR 22-36]) men (85%), severely injured (ISS 17 [10-25]) by penetrating mechanisms (59%), and had their shunts placed for damage control (41%). After a median SDT of 198min [89-622], 9% experienced shunt-related complications. Compared by shunt placement indication (damage control shunts [n=27] compared to non-damage control shunts [n=39]), there were no differences in gender, mechanism, extremity AIS, MESS score, fractures, or surgeon specialty between the two groups (all p>0.05). Patients with shunts placed for damage control indications had more severe injuries (ISS 23.5 compared to 13; SBP …

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Treatment Of Erythrodermic Psoriasis With Apremilast, Olivia A. Gioe, Caroline Savoie, Elizabeth B. Grieshaber, Deborah C. Hilton May 2021

Treatment Of Erythrodermic Psoriasis With Apremilast, Olivia A. Gioe, Caroline Savoie, Elizabeth B. Grieshaber, Deborah C. Hilton

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Advanced Bioinformatic Analysis And Pathway Prediction Of Nsclc Cells Upon Cisplatin Resistance, A. K.M.Nawshad Hossian, Fatema Tuz Zahra, Sagun Poudel, Camille F. Abshire, Paula Polk, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Constantinos M. Mikelis, George Mattheolabakis Apr 2021

Advanced Bioinformatic Analysis And Pathway Prediction Of Nsclc Cells Upon Cisplatin Resistance, A. K.M.Nawshad Hossian, Fatema Tuz Zahra, Sagun Poudel, Camille F. Abshire, Paula Polk, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Constantinos M. Mikelis, George Mattheolabakis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

This study aims to identify pathway involvement in the development of cisplatin (cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (II); CDDP) resistance in A549 lung cancer (LC) cells by utilizing advanced bioinformatics software. We developed CDDP-resistant A549 (A549/DDP) cells through prolonged incubation with the drug and performed RNA-seq on RNA extracts to determine differential mRNA and miRNA expression between A549/DDP and A549 cells. We analyzed the gene dysregulation with Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA; QIAGEN) software. In contrast to prior research, which relied on the clustering of dysregulated genes to pathways as an indication of pathway activity, we utilized the IPA software for the dynamic evaluation of …

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Igg4-Related Disease With Multiorgan Involvement: A Case-Based Review, Nikhil N. Tarte, Chandana Shilpa Ravipati, Jose A. Leon De La Rocha, Elizabeth Rinker, Nirupa J. Patel Apr 2021

Igg4-Related Disease With Multiorgan Involvement: A Case-Based Review, Nikhil N. Tarte, Chandana Shilpa Ravipati, Jose A. Leon De La Rocha, Elizabeth Rinker, Nirupa J. Patel

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is an immune-mediated multi-organ inflammatory disorder caused by tissue infiltration of lymphocytes with IgG4-secreting plasma cells. Herein, we discuss a case of a patient with IgG4-RD who had involvement of multiple organs: the kidneys, lymph nodes, bone marrow (biopsy performed), lungs, liver, and small intestine (imaging abnormalities). Although several case reports and series of IgG4-RD involving different organ involvement are in the literature, our patient has extensive simultaneous multi-organ involvement. We utilized the four domains (serologic, pathologic, radiologic, and pathologic) as discussed in the new 2019 ACR/EULAR classification criteria to provide a useful framework in considering an …

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Development And Validation Of A Cellular Host Response Test As An Early Diagnostic For Sepsis, Lionel Guillou, Roya Sheybani, Anne E. Jensen, Dino Di Carlo, Terrell S. Caffery, Christopher Thomas, Ajay M. Shah, Henry T.K. Tse, Hollis R. O'Nea Apr 2021

Development And Validation Of A Cellular Host Response Test As An Early Diagnostic For Sepsis, Lionel Guillou, Roya Sheybani, Anne E. Jensen, Dino Di Carlo, Terrell S. Caffery, Christopher Thomas, Ajay M. Shah, Henry T.K. Tse, Hollis R. O'Nea

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Sepsis must be diagnosed quickly to avoid morbidity and mortality. However, the clinical manifestations of sepsis are highly variable and emergency department (ED) clinicians often must make rapid, impactful decisions before laboratory results are known. We previously developed a technique that allows the measurement of the biophysical properties of white blood cells as they are stretched through a microfluidic channel. In this study we describe and validate the resultant output as a model and score-the IntelliSep Index (ISI)-that AIDS in the diagnosis of sepsis in patients with suspected or confirmed infection from a single blood draw performed at the time …

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Serious Adverse Events And 30-Day Hospital Readmission Rate Following Elective Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Costas Papakostidis, Peter V Giannoudis, J. Tracy Watson, Robert Zura, R. Grant Steen Mar 2021

Serious Adverse Events And 30-Day Hospital Readmission Rate Following Elective Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis., Costas Papakostidis, Peter V Giannoudis, J. Tracy Watson, Robert Zura, R. Grant Steen

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common surgery which has evolved rapidly. However, there are no recent large systematic reviews of serious adverse event (SAE) rate and 30-day readmission rate (30-dRR) or an indication of whether surgical methods have improved. Methods: To obtain a pooled estimate of SAE rate and 30-dRR following TKA, we searched Medline, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases. Data were extracted by two authors following PRISMA guidelines. Eligibility criteria were defined prior to a comprehensive search. Studies were eligible if they were published in 2007 or later, described sequelae of TKA …

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Neurological Complications Of Covid19 During March 2020 At Lcmc Health University Medical Center: Dataset, David Chachkhiani, Michael Y. Soliman, Delphi Barua, Marine Isakadze, Nicole R. Villemarette-Pittman, Deidre J. Devier, Jesus F. Lovera Mar 2021

Neurological Complications Of Covid19 During March 2020 At Lcmc Health University Medical Center: Dataset, David Chachkhiani, Michael Y. Soliman, Delphi Barua, Marine Isakadze, Nicole R. Villemarette-Pittman, Deidre J. Devier, Jesus F. Lovera

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

We reviewed the electronic medical records (EMR) of patients hospitalized during the peak of the pandemic, March 1st through March 31st, to document the type and frequency of neurological problems seen in patients with COVID-19 at presentation to the emergency room. Secondary aims were to determine: 1) the frequency of neurological complaints during the hospital stay; 2) whether the presence of any neurological complaint at presentation or any of the individual types of neurological complaints at admission predicted three separate outcomes: death, length of hospital stay, or the need for intubation; and 3) if the presence of any neurological complaint …

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The Effectiveness Of Image Augmentation In Deep Learning Networks For Detecting Covid-19: A Geometric Transformation Perspective, Mohamed Elgendi, Muhammad Umer Nasir, Qunfeng Tang, David Smith, John Paul Grenier, Catherine Batte, Bradley Spieler, William Donald Leslie, Carlo Menon, Richard Ribbon Fletcher, Newton Howard, Rabab Ward, William Parker, Savvas Nicolaou Mar 2021

The Effectiveness Of Image Augmentation In Deep Learning Networks For Detecting Covid-19: A Geometric Transformation Perspective, Mohamed Elgendi, Muhammad Umer Nasir, Qunfeng Tang, David Smith, John Paul Grenier, Catherine Batte, Bradley Spieler, William Donald Leslie, Carlo Menon, Richard Ribbon Fletcher, Newton Howard, Rabab Ward, William Parker, Savvas Nicolaou

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Chest X-ray imaging technology used for the early detection and screening of COVID-19 pneumonia is both accessible worldwide and affordable compared to other non-invasive technologies. Additionally, deep learning methods have recently shown remarkable results in detecting COVID-19 on chest X-rays, making it a promising screening technology for COVID-19. Deep learning relies on a large amount of data to avoid overfitting. While overfitting can result in perfect modeling on the original training dataset, on a new testing dataset it can fail to achieve high accuracy. In the image processing field, an image augmentation step (i.e., adding more training data) is often …

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Clinical Prediction Rule For Sars-Cov-2 Infection From 116 U.S. Emergency Departments 2-22-2021, Jeffrey A. Kline, Carlos A. Camargo, D. Mark Courtney, Christopher Kabrhel, Kristen E. Nordenholz, Thomas Aufderheide, Joshua J. Baugh, David G. Beiser, Christopher L. Bennett, Joseph Bledsoe, Edward Castillo, Makini Chisolm Straker, Elizabeth M. Goldberg, Hans House, Stacey House, Timothy Jang, Stephen C. Lim, Troy E. Madsen, Danielle M. Mccarthy, Andrew Meltzer, Stephen Moore, Craig Newgard, Justine Pagenhardt, Katherine L. Pettit, Michael S. Pulia, Michael A. Puskarish, Lauren T. Southerland, Scott Sparks, Danielle Turner-Lawrence, Marie Vrablik Mar 2021

Clinical Prediction Rule For Sars-Cov-2 Infection From 116 U.S. Emergency Departments 2-22-2021, Jeffrey A. Kline, Carlos A. Camargo, D. Mark Courtney, Christopher Kabrhel, Kristen E. Nordenholz, Thomas Aufderheide, Joshua J. Baugh, David G. Beiser, Christopher L. Bennett, Joseph Bledsoe, Edward Castillo, Makini Chisolm Straker, Elizabeth M. Goldberg, Hans House, Stacey House, Timothy Jang, Stephen C. Lim, Troy E. Madsen, Danielle M. Mccarthy, Andrew Meltzer, Stephen Moore, Craig Newgard, Justine Pagenhardt, Katherine L. Pettit, Michael S. Pulia, Michael A. Puskarish, Lauren T. Southerland, Scott Sparks, Danielle Turner-Lawrence, Marie Vrablik

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives Accurate and reliable criteria to rapidly estimate the probability of infection with the novel coronavirus-2 that causes the severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) and associated disease (COVID-19) remain an urgent unmet need, especially in emergency care. The objective was to derive and validate a clinical prediction score for SARS-CoV-2 infection that uses simple criteria widely available at the point of care. Methods Data came from the registry data from the national REgistry of suspected COVID-19 in EmeRgency care (RECOVER network) comprising 116 hospitals from 25 states in the US. Clinical variables and 30-day outcomes were abstracted from medical records …

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Comparison Of Short-Leg And Long-Leg Casts For The Treatment Of Distal Third Tibial Shaft Fractures In Children, Scott A. Barnett, Bailli Fontenot, Claudia Leonardi, Joseph A. Gonzales, Dominic Gargiulo, Michael J. Heffernan Mar 2021

Comparison Of Short-Leg And Long-Leg Casts For The Treatment Of Distal Third Tibial Shaft Fractures In Children, Scott A. Barnett, Bailli Fontenot, Claudia Leonardi, Joseph A. Gonzales, Dominic Gargiulo, Michael J. Heffernan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background:Long-leg casts (LLCs) are an established treatment for pediatric tibial shaft fractures including fractures involving the distal third. There is a paucity of literature assessing the use of short-leg cast (SLC) for tibial shaft fractures. The purpose of this study was to determine if SLC were as effective as LLC for the treatment of pediatric distal third tibial shaft fractures.Methods:A retrospective review was conducted on consecutive distal third tibial shaft fractures treated at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2013 to 2018. Exclusion criteria included midshaft and proximal fractures of the tibia, distal fractures that violated the tibial physis or plafond, …

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Docosanoid Signaling Modulates Corneal Nerve Regeneration: Effect On Tear Secretion, Wound Healing, And Neuropathic Pain, Thang L. Pham, Haydee E P Bazan Feb 2021

Docosanoid Signaling Modulates Corneal Nerve Regeneration: Effect On Tear Secretion, Wound Healing, And Neuropathic Pain, Thang L. Pham, Haydee E P Bazan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The cornea is densely innervated, mainly by sensory nerves of the ophthalmic branch of the trigeminal ganglia (TG). These nerves are important to maintain corneal homeostasis, and nerve damage can lead to a decrease in wound healing, an increase in corneal ulceration and dry eye disease (DED), and neuropathic pain. Pathologies, such as diabetes, aging, viral and bacterial infection, as well as prolonged use of contact lenses and surgeries to correct vision can produce nerve damage. There are no effective therapies to alleviate DED (a multifunctional disease) and several clinical trials using ω-3 supplementation show unclear and sometimes negative results. …

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Characteristic Pancreatic And Splenic Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns In Mouse Acute Pancreatitis, Baibing Yang, Joy M. Davis, Thomas H. Gomez, Mamoun Younes, Xiurong Zhao, Qiang Shen, Run Wang, Tien C. Ko, Yanna Cao Feb 2021

Characteristic Pancreatic And Splenic Immune Cell Infiltration Patterns In Mouse Acute Pancreatitis, Baibing Yang, Joy M. Davis, Thomas H. Gomez, Mamoun Younes, Xiurong Zhao, Qiang Shen, Run Wang, Tien C. Ko, Yanna Cao

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: A systemic evaluation of immune cell infiltration patterns in experimental acute pancreatitis (AP) is lacking. Using multi-dimensional flow cytometry, this study profiled infiltrating immune cell types in multiple AP mouse models. Methods: Three AP models were generated in C57BL/6 mice via cerulein (CAE) injection, alcohol and palmitoleic acid (EtOH + POA) injection, and alcohol diet feeding and cerulein (EtOH + CAE) injection. Primary pancreatic cells and splenocytes were prepared, and multi-dimensional flow cytometry was performed and analyzed by manual gating and computerized PhenoGraph, followed by visualization with t-distributed stochastic neighbor embedding (t-SNE). Results: CAE treatment induced a time-dependent increase …

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Short- And Long-Term Outcomes For Single-Port Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy With And Without Hysterectomy For Women At Risk For Gynecologic Cancer, Caitlin E. Carr, Laura Chambers, Amelia Marie Jernigan, Lindsey Freeman, Pedro F. Escobar, Chad M. Michener Feb 2021

Short- And Long-Term Outcomes For Single-Port Risk-Reducing Salpingo-Oophorectomy With And Without Hysterectomy For Women At Risk For Gynecologic Cancer, Caitlin E. Carr, Laura Chambers, Amelia Marie Jernigan, Lindsey Freeman, Pedro F. Escobar, Chad M. Michener

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction Risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy has been established as one of the most effective strategies in risk reduction for ovarian and breast cancers among women at increased genetic risk. However, there are limited data regarding the single-port laparoscopic platform in the field of risk-reducing surgery. Our objective was to describe outcomes after single-port risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy with or without hysterectomy for reduction of ovarian, breast, or endometrial cancer risk. Methods A retrospective, single institution (Canadian Task Force Classification II.2) analysis was performed in women at high genetic or familial risk for ovarian/tubal/primary peritoneal cancer or with personal history of breast cancer who underwent …

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Optic Nerve Pit Maculopathy Worsened During Pregnancy: A Case Report, Laura A. Torrado-Cobian, George D. Fivgas Jan 2021

Optic Nerve Pit Maculopathy Worsened During Pregnancy: A Case Report, Laura A. Torrado-Cobian, George D. Fivgas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: To report a case of Optic Disc Pit (ODP) maculopathy exacerbated during pregnancy. Case presentation: A 30-year-old female developed unilateral blurry vision at 10-weeks gestation. Ophthalmic examination revealed left eye reduced visual acuity (VA) with the presence of subretinal fluid temporal to the disc extending to the fovea. On Spectral Domain Optical Coherence Tomography (SD-OCT) subretinal, and intraretinal fluid was confirmed. Laser photocoagulation was tried in an attempt to prevent surgical intervention without success; subsequently, pars plana vitrectomy, internal limiting membrane peel and gas tamponade was performed. Three-weeks later, a full thickness macular hole developed, and repeat surgery was …

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The Utility Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Moayed Ibrahim, Kshama Bhyravabhotla, Basil Khalaf, Keith Van Meter, Nakhle S Saba, Hana Safah, Francisco Socola Jan 2021

The Utility Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy In Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide-Induced Hemorrhagic Cystitis: A Case Report And Review Of The Literature., Moayed Ibrahim, Kshama Bhyravabhotla, Basil Khalaf, Keith Van Meter, Nakhle S Saba, Hana Safah, Francisco Socola

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: To date, there are only a few case reports of cyclophosphamide (Cy)-induced hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) in adult or pediatric allogeneic stem cell transplant (SCT) patients treated successfully with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). In all the reported cases, Cy was used as a part of the conditioning regimen, rather than post-transplant for graft-versus-host-disease (GVHD) prophylaxis. More recently, the risk of HC in allogeneic SCT is further increased by the widespread use of post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) as a highly effective strategy for GVHD prophylaxis. This is the first case reported of PTCy-induced HC successfully treated with HBO to the best of our …

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Medical Marijuana And Opioids (Memo) Study: Protocol Of A Longitudinal Cohort Study To Examine If Medical Cannabis Reduces Opioid Use Among Adults With Chronic Pain, Chinazo O. Cunningham, Joanna L. Starrels, Chenshu Zhang, Marcus A. Bachhuber, Nancy L. Sohler, Frances R. Levin, Haruka Minami, Deepika E. Slawek, Julia H. Arnsten Dec 2020

Medical Marijuana And Opioids (Memo) Study: Protocol Of A Longitudinal Cohort Study To Examine If Medical Cannabis Reduces Opioid Use Among Adults With Chronic Pain, Chinazo O. Cunningham, Joanna L. Starrels, Chenshu Zhang, Marcus A. Bachhuber, Nancy L. Sohler, Frances R. Levin, Haruka Minami, Deepika E. Slawek, Julia H. Arnsten

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction In the USA, opioid analgesic use and overdoses have increased dramatically. One rapidly expanding strategy to manage chronic pain in the context of this epidemic is medical cannabis. Cannabis has analgesic effects, but it also has potential adverse effects. Further, its impact on opioid analgesic use is not well studied. Managing pain in people living with HIV is particularly challenging, given the high prevalence of opioid analgesic and cannabis use. This study's overarching goal is to understand how medical cannabis use affects opioid analgesic use, with attention to Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol content, HIV outcomes and adverse events. Methods and …

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Plasma Flow Distal To Tourniquet Placement Provides A Physiological Mechanism For Tissue Salvage, Emily Busse, Cheryl Hickey, Nicole Vasilakos, Kennon Stewart, Fred O’Brien, Jessica Rivera, Luis Marrero, Michelle Lacey, Rebecca Schroll, Keith Van Meter, Mimi C. Sammarco Dec 2020

Plasma Flow Distal To Tourniquet Placement Provides A Physiological Mechanism For Tissue Salvage, Emily Busse, Cheryl Hickey, Nicole Vasilakos, Kennon Stewart, Fred O’Brien, Jessica Rivera, Luis Marrero, Michelle Lacey, Rebecca Schroll, Keith Van Meter, Mimi C. Sammarco

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Military literature has demonstrated the utility and safety of tourniquets in preventing mortality for some time, paving the way for increased use of tourniquets in civilian settings, including perioperatively to provide a bloodless surgical field. However, tourniquet use is not without risk and the subsequent effects of tissue ischemia can impede downstream rehabilitative efforts to regenerate and salvage nerve, muscle, tissue and bone in the limb. Limb ischemia studies in both the mouse and pig models have indicated not only that there is residual flow past the tourniquet by means of microcirculation, but also that recovery from tissue ischemia is …

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A Comparison Of 4-Year Total Medical Care Costs, Adverse Outcomes, And Opioid/Prescription Analgesic Use For 3 Knee Osteoarthritis Pain Treatments: Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid, Intra-Articular Corticosteroids, And Knee Arthroplasty., John Mackowiak, John T Jones, Vinod Dasa Dec 2020

A Comparison Of 4-Year Total Medical Care Costs, Adverse Outcomes, And Opioid/Prescription Analgesic Use For 3 Knee Osteoarthritis Pain Treatments: Intra-Articular Hyaluronic Acid, Intra-Articular Corticosteroids, And Knee Arthroplasty., John Mackowiak, John T Jones, Vinod Dasa

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

To compare the medical costs associated with treatments for knee osteoarthritis (OA): intra-articular corticosteroids (ICS) and intra-articular hyaluronic acid (IHA) primarily, and ICS/IHA vs knee arthroplasty (TKA) secondarily. This was a retrospective analysis of an insurance claims database. Eligible members had diagnosed OA and no claims for ICS, IHA, or TKA during the 6–18-month look-back period. Cohorts of interest over the 4-year observation period were: patients who received ICS only, those who received IHA only, and those who received TKA only. Outcomes assessed included: (1) total allowed medical costs, (2) claims for pre-specified, treatment-related adverse outcomes and costs, and (3) …

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Effect Of High-Dose Vs Standard-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation On Body Composition Among Patients With Advanced Or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial, Justin C. Brown, Michael H. Rosenthal, Chao Ma, Sui Zhang, Halla S. Nimeiri, Nadine J. Mccleary, Thomas A. Abrams, Matthew B. Yurgelun, James M. Cleary, Douglas A. Rubinson, Deborah Schrag, Andrea J. Bullock, Jill Allen, Dan Zuckerman, Emily Chan, Jennifer A. Chan, Brian Wolpin, Michael Constantine Nov 2020

Effect Of High-Dose Vs Standard-Dose Vitamin D Supplementation On Body Composition Among Patients With Advanced Or Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Randomized Trial, Justin C. Brown, Michael H. Rosenthal, Chao Ma, Sui Zhang, Halla S. Nimeiri, Nadine J. Mccleary, Thomas A. Abrams, Matthew B. Yurgelun, James M. Cleary, Douglas A. Rubinson, Deborah Schrag, Andrea J. Bullock, Jill Allen, Dan Zuckerman, Emily Chan, Jennifer A. Chan, Brian Wolpin, Michael Constantine

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Skeletal muscle and adipose tissue express the vitamin D receptor and may be a mechanism through which vitamin D supplementation slows cancer progression and reduces cancer death. In this exploratory analysis of a double-blind, multicenter, randomized phase II clinical trial, 105 patients with advanced or metastatic colorectal cancer who were receiving chemotherapy were randomized to either high-dose vitamin D3 (4000 IU) or standard-dose (400 IU) vitamin D3. Body composition was measured with abdominal computed tomography at enrollment (baseline) and after cycle 8 of chemotherapy (16 weeks). As compared with standard-dose vitamin D3, high-dose vitamin D3 did not significantly change body …

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Efficacy And Safety Of Abobotulinumtoxina For Upper Limb Spasticity In Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Repeat-Treatment Study, Mauricio R. Delgado, Ann Tilton, Jorge Carranzo-Del Rio, Nigar Dursun, Marcin Bonikowski, Resa Aydin, Iwona Maciag-Tymecka, Joyce Oleszek, Edward Dabrowski, Anne-Sophie Grandoulier, Philippe Picaut, The Dysport In Pul Study Group Nov 2020

Efficacy And Safety Of Abobotulinumtoxina For Upper Limb Spasticity In Children With Cerebral Palsy: A Randomized Repeat-Treatment Study, Mauricio R. Delgado, Ann Tilton, Jorge Carranzo-Del Rio, Nigar Dursun, Marcin Bonikowski, Resa Aydin, Iwona Maciag-Tymecka, Joyce Oleszek, Edward Dabrowski, Anne-Sophie Grandoulier, Philippe Picaut, The Dysport In Pul Study Group

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Aim: To assess the efficacy and safety of repeat abobotulinumtoxinA injections in reducing upper limb spasticity in children with cerebral palsy (CP). Method: This was a double-blind, repeat-cycle study (NCT02106351) in children with CP (2–17y). Children were randomized to receive 2U/kg (control), 8U/kg, or 16U/kg abobotulinumtoxinA injections into the target muscle group (wrist or elbow flexors) and additional muscles alongside occupational therapy via a home-exercise therapy program (HETP; minimum five 15min sessions/wk). Children received 8U/kg or 16U/kg plus HETP in cycles 2 to 4. Results: During cycle 1, 210 children (126 males, 84 females; mean age [SD] 9y [4y 5mo], …

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