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School of Medicine Faculty Publications

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Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

Facemasks: Perceptions And Use In An Ed Population During Covid-19, Vidya Eswaran, Anna Marie Chang, R. Gentry Wilkerson, Kelli N. O’Laughlin, Brian Chinnock, Stephanie A. Eucker, Brigitte M. Baumann, Nancy Anaya, Daniel G. Miller, Adrianne N. Haggins, Jesus R. Torres, Erik S. Anderson, Stephen C. Lim, Martina T. Caldwell, Ali S. Raja, Robert M. Rodriguez Apr 2022

Facemasks: Perceptions And Use In An Ed Population During Covid-19, Vidya Eswaran, Anna Marie Chang, R. Gentry Wilkerson, Kelli N. O’Laughlin, Brian Chinnock, Stephanie A. Eucker, Brigitte M. Baumann, Nancy Anaya, Daniel G. Miller, Adrianne N. Haggins, Jesus R. Torres, Erik S. Anderson, Stephen C. Lim, Martina T. Caldwell, Ali S. Raja, Robert M. Rodriguez

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Study objective Facemask use is associated with reduced transmission of SARS-CoV-2. Most surveys assessing perceptions and practices of mask use miss the most vulnerable racial, ethnic, and socio-economic populations. These same populations have suffered disproportionate impacts from the pandemic. The purpose of this study was to assess beliefs, access, and practices of mask wearing across 15 urban emergency department (ED) populations. Methods This was a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study of ED patients from December 2020 to March 2021 at 15 geographically diverse, safety net EDs across the US. The primary outcome was frequency of mask use outside the …

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Decompression And Interlaminar Stabilization For Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Cohort Study And Two-Dimensional Operative Video, Olivia E. Gilbert, Sarah E. Lawhon, Twila L. Gaston, Jared M. Robichaux, Gabriel Claudiu Tender Apr 2022

Decompression And Interlaminar Stabilization For Lumbar Spinal Stenosis: A Cohort Study And Two-Dimensional Operative Video, Olivia E. Gilbert, Sarah E. Lawhon, Twila L. Gaston, Jared M. Robichaux, Gabriel Claudiu Tender

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background and Objectives: Lumbar spinal stenosis is one of the most common causes of disability in the elderly and often necessitates surgical intervention in patients over the age of 65. Our study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of interlaminar stabilization following decompressive laminectomy in patients with lumbar stenosis without instability. Materials and Methods: Twenty patients with lumbar stenosis underwent decompressive laminectomy and interlaminar stabilization at our academic institution. Clinical outcomes were measured using the visual analog scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) at the 2-month, 6-month, and 1-year postoperative visits, and these outcomes were compared to the preoperative …

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Chronic Alcohol Exposure Induces Hepatocyte Damage By Inducing Oxidative Stress, Satb2 And Stem Cell-Like Characteristics, And Activating Lipogenesis, Wei Yu, Yiming Ma, Sushant K. Shrivastava, Rakesh K. Srivastava, Sharmila Shankar Apr 2022

Chronic Alcohol Exposure Induces Hepatocyte Damage By Inducing Oxidative Stress, Satb2 And Stem Cell-Like Characteristics, And Activating Lipogenesis, Wei Yu, Yiming Ma, Sushant K. Shrivastava, Rakesh K. Srivastava, Sharmila Shankar

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Alcohol is a risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanism by which chronic alcohol consumption contributes to HCC is not well understood. The purpose of the study was to demonstrate the effects of chronic ethanol exposure on the damage of human normal hepatocytes. Our data showed that chronic exposure of hepatocytes with ethanol induced changes similar to transformed hepatocytes that is, exhibited colonies and anchorage-independent growth. These damaged hepatocytes contained high levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and showed induction of the SATB2 gene. Furthermore, damaged hepatocytes gained the phenotypes of CSCs which expressed stem cell markers …

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Targeted Osmotic Lysis: A Novel Approach To Targeted Cancer Therapies, Harry J. Gould, Dennis Paul Apr 2022

Targeted Osmotic Lysis: A Novel Approach To Targeted Cancer Therapies, Harry J. Gould, Dennis Paul

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The conventional treatment of cancer has been based on the delivery of non-selective toxins and/or ionizing energy that affect both the cancer and normal tissues in the hope of destroying the offending disease before killing the patient. Unfortunately, resistance often develops to these treatments and patients experience severe, dose-limiting adverse effects that reduce treatment efficacy and compromise quality of life. Recent advances in our knowledge of the biology of tumor cells and their microenvironment, the recognition of surface proteins that are unique to specific cancers and essential to cell growth and survival and signaling pathways associate with invasion and metastasis …

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The Efficacy And Safety Of Roxadustat For The Treatment Of Anemia In Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: An Updated Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials, Basel Abdelazeem, Joseph Shehata, Kirellos Said Abbas, Nahla Ahmed El-Shahat, Bilal Malik, Pramod Savarapu, Mostafa Eltobgy, Arvind Kunadi Apr 2022

The Efficacy And Safety Of Roxadustat For The Treatment Of Anemia In Non-Dialysis Dependent Chronic Kidney Disease Patients: An Updated Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis Of Randomized Clinical Trials, Basel Abdelazeem, Joseph Shehata, Kirellos Said Abbas, Nahla Ahmed El-Shahat, Bilal Malik, Pramod Savarapu, Mostafa Eltobgy, Arvind Kunadi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background Roxadustat (ROX) is a new medication for anemia as a complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our meta-analysis aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ROX, especially on the cardiovascular risks, for anemia in NDD-CKD patients. Methods Electronic databases were searched systematically from inception to July 2021 to look for randomized control trials (RCTs) that evaluated ROX NDD-CKD patients. Hemoglobin level and iron utilization parameters, including ferritin, serum iron, transferrin saturation (TSAT), total iron-binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin, and hepcidin were analyzed for efficacy. Pooled risk ratios (RRs) and standardized mean differences (SMDs) were calculated and presented with their …

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The Spectrum Of Indomethacin-Responsive Headaches In Children And Adolescents, Kenneth A. Myers, Rebecca Barmherzig, Nichelle R. Raj, Saoussen Berrahmoune, Pablo Ingelmo, Christine Saint-Martin, Afsheen Q. Khan, Megan Kouri, Cynthia Morris, Andrew D. Hershey, Joanne Kacperski, Marielle A. Kabbouche, Nada Mohamed, Rashmi R. Rao, Ana Marissa Lagman-Bartolome, Amy A. Gelfand, Christina L. Szperka, Serena L. Orr Mar 2022

The Spectrum Of Indomethacin-Responsive Headaches In Children And Adolescents, Kenneth A. Myers, Rebecca Barmherzig, Nichelle R. Raj, Saoussen Berrahmoune, Pablo Ingelmo, Christine Saint-Martin, Afsheen Q. Khan, Megan Kouri, Cynthia Morris, Andrew D. Hershey, Joanne Kacperski, Marielle A. Kabbouche, Nada Mohamed, Rashmi R. Rao, Ana Marissa Lagman-Bartolome, Amy A. Gelfand, Christina L. Szperka, Serena L. Orr

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Headaches with marked, specific response to indomethacin occur in children, but the phenotypic spectrum of this phenomenon has not been well-studied. Methods: We reviewed pediatric patients with headache showing ≥80% improvement with indomethacin, from seven academic medical centers. Results: We included 32 pediatric patients (16 females). Mean headache onset age was 10.9 y (range 2–16 y). Headache syndromes included hemicrania continua (n = 13), paroxysmal hemicrania (n = 10), primary stabbing headache (n = 2), short-lasting unilateral neuralgiform headache attacks with conjunctival injection and tearing (n = 1), primary exercise headache (n = 1) and primary cough headache (n …

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Expression Of The Preadipocyte Marker Zfp423 Is Dysregulated Between Well-Differentiated And Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma, Thanh N. Dang, Rafael P. Tiongco, Loren M. Brown, Jessica L. Taylor, John M. Lyons, Frank H. Lau, Z. Elizabeth Floyd Mar 2022

Expression Of The Preadipocyte Marker Zfp423 Is Dysregulated Between Well-Differentiated And Dedifferentiated Liposarcoma, Thanh N. Dang, Rafael P. Tiongco, Loren M. Brown, Jessica L. Taylor, John M. Lyons, Frank H. Lau, Z. Elizabeth Floyd

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Well-differentiated and dedifferentiated liposarcomas are rare soft tissue tumors originating in adipose tissue that share genetic abnormalities but have significantly different metastatic potential. Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is highly aggressive and has an overall 5-year survival rate of 30% as compared to 90% for well-differentiated liposarcoma (WDLPS). This discrepancy may be connected to their potential to form adipocytes, where WDLPS is adipogenic but DDLPS is adipogenic-impaired. Normal adipogenesis requires Zinc Finger Protein 423 (ZFP423), a transcriptional coregulator of Perixosome Proliferator Activated Receptor gamma (PPARG2) mRNA expression that defines committed preadipocytes. Expression of ZFP423 in preadipocytes is promoted by Seven-In-Absentia Homolog …

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Assessment Of A Cellular Host Response Test To Risk-Stratify Suspected Covid-19 Patients In The Emergency Department Setting, Hollis R. O'Neal, Roya Sheybani, Terrell S. Caffery, Diana Hamer, Jr Mark Laperouse, Mandi W. Musso, Catherine S. O'Neal, Henry T.K. Tse, Ajay M. Shah, Christopher B. Thomas Mar 2022

Assessment Of A Cellular Host Response Test To Risk-Stratify Suspected Covid-19 Patients In The Emergency Department Setting, Hollis R. O'Neal, Roya Sheybani, Terrell S. Caffery, Diana Hamer, Jr Mark Laperouse, Mandi W. Musso, Catherine S. O'Neal, Henry T.K. Tse, Ajay M. Shah, Christopher B. Thomas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective Assess the IntelliSep Index (ISI) for risk stratification of patients presenting to the Emergency Department (ED) with respiratory symptoms suspected of COVID-19 during the pandemic. Methods An observational single-center study of prospective cohort of patients presenting to the ED during the early COVID-19 pandemic with respiratory symptoms and a CBC drawn within 4.5 hours of initial vital signs. A sample of this blood was aliquoted for performance of the ISI, and patients were followed for clinical outcomes. The study required no patient-centered activity beyond standard of care and treating clinicians were unaware of study enrollment and ISI test results. …

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Anatomic Considerations Of Perinasal Musculature For Improved Dental Show During Smile In Facial Synkinesis, Laura T. Hetzler, Marcus Hershey, Todd Lambert, Jason Mussell, Lee Mcdaniel, Sara Macdowell Mar 2022

Anatomic Considerations Of Perinasal Musculature For Improved Dental Show During Smile In Facial Synkinesis, Laura T. Hetzler, Marcus Hershey, Todd Lambert, Jason Mussell, Lee Mcdaniel, Sara Macdowell

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: There is an anatomic explanation for upper lip and midfacial tethering resulting in lack of motion in facial synkinesis. Objective: To measure the effect of perinasal chemodenervation on dental show in the synkinetic population and clarify the anatomic relationship of perinasal musculature. Methods: Literature search was performed on anatomy of the perinasal modiolus, and anatomic evaluation was performed through human anatomic specimen dissection. Photographic outcomes were observed in synkinetic patients receiving chemodenervation to smile antagonists with and without perinasal muscle injections and assessed through naive observer survey. Retrospective outcomes for all patients receiving perinasal chemodenervation was collected utilizing Facial …

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Landscape Of Molecular Crosstalk Perturbation Between Lung Cancer And Covid-19, Aditi Kuchi, Jiande Wu, Jyotsna Fuloria, Chindo Hicks Mar 2022

Landscape Of Molecular Crosstalk Perturbation Between Lung Cancer And Covid-19, Aditi Kuchi, Jiande Wu, Jyotsna Fuloria, Chindo Hicks

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Lung cancer patients have the worst outcomes when affected by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The molecular mechanisms underlying the association between lung cancer and COVID-19 remain unknown. The objective of this investigation was to determine whether there is crosstalk in molecular perturbation between COVID-19 and lung cancer, and to identify a molecular signature, molecular networks and signaling pathways shared by the two diseases. Methods: We analyzed publicly available gene expression data from 52 severely affected COVID-19 human lung samples, 594 lung tumor samples and 54 normal disease-free lung samples. We performed network and pathways analysis to identify molecular networks …

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Increased Inflammatory Low-Density Neutrophils In Severe Obesity And Effect Of Bariatric Surgery: Results From Case-Control And Prospective Cohort Studies, Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino, William S. Richardson, Jovanny Zabaleta, Ramesh Thylur Puttalingaiah, Andrew G. Chapple, Jiao Liu, Yonghyan Kim, Michelle Ponder, Randi Dearmitt, Lyndsey Buckner Baiamonte, Dorota Wyczechowska, Liqin Zheng, Amir A. Al-Khami, Jone Garai, Rachel Martini, Melissa Davis, Jessica Koller Gorham, James B. Wooldridge, Paulo C. Rodriguez, Lucio Miele, Augusto C. Ochoa Mar 2022

Increased Inflammatory Low-Density Neutrophils In Severe Obesity And Effect Of Bariatric Surgery: Results From Case-Control And Prospective Cohort Studies, Maria Dulfary Sanchez-Pino, William S. Richardson, Jovanny Zabaleta, Ramesh Thylur Puttalingaiah, Andrew G. Chapple, Jiao Liu, Yonghyan Kim, Michelle Ponder, Randi Dearmitt, Lyndsey Buckner Baiamonte, Dorota Wyczechowska, Liqin Zheng, Amir A. Al-Khami, Jone Garai, Rachel Martini, Melissa Davis, Jessica Koller Gorham, James B. Wooldridge, Paulo C. Rodriguez, Lucio Miele, Augusto C. Ochoa

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Low-density neutrophils (LDN) are increased in several inflammatory diseases and may also play a role in the low-grade chronic inflammation associated with obesity. Here we explored their role in obesity, determined their gene signatures, and assessed the effect of bariatric surgery. Methods: We compared the number, function, and gene expression profiles of circulating LDN in morbidly obese patients (MOP, n=27; body mass index (BMI) > 40 Kg/m2) and normal-weight controls (NWC, n=20; BMI < 25 Kg/m2) in a case-control study. Additionally, in a prospective longitudinal study, we measured changes in the frequency of LDN after bariatric surgery (n=36) and tested for associations with metabolic and inflammatory parameters. Findings: LDN and inflammatory markers were significantly increased in MOP compared to NWC. Transcriptome analysis showed increased neutrophil-related gene expression signatures associated with inflammation, neutrophil activation, and immunosuppressive function. However, LDN did not suppress T cells proliferation and produced low levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Circulating LDN in MOP significantly decreased after bariatric surgery in parallel with BMI, metabolic syndrome, and inflammatory markers. Interpretation: Obesity increases LDN displaying an inflammatory gene signature. Our results suggest that LDN may represent a neutrophil subset associated with chronic inflammation, a feature of obesity that has been previously associated with the appearance and progression of co-morbidities. Furthermore, bariatric surgery, as an efficient therapy for severe obesity, reduces LDN in circulation and improves several components of the metabolic syndrome supporting its recognized anti-inflammatory and beneficial metabolic effects. Funding: This work was supported in part by grants from the National Institutes of Health (NIH; 5P30GM114732-02, P20CA233374 – A. Ochoa and L. Miele), Pennington Biomedical NORC (P30DK072476 – E. Ravussin & LSU-NO Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center and Louisiana Clinical and Translational Science Center (LACaTS; U54-GM104940 – J. Kirwan).

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Anti-Glioblastoma Effects Of Phenolic Variants Of Benzoylphenoxyacetamide (Bpa) With High Potential For Blood Brain Barrier Penetration, Joanna Stalinska, Cecilia Vittori, Charles H. Ingraham Iv, Sean C. Carson, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Adam Lassak, Celeste Faia, Susan B. Colley, Francesca Peruzzi, Krzysztof Reiss, Branko S. Jursic Mar 2022

Anti-Glioblastoma Effects Of Phenolic Variants Of Benzoylphenoxyacetamide (Bpa) With High Potential For Blood Brain Barrier Penetration, Joanna Stalinska, Cecilia Vittori, Charles H. Ingraham Iv, Sean C. Carson, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Adam Lassak, Celeste Faia, Susan B. Colley, Francesca Peruzzi, Krzysztof Reiss, Branko S. Jursic

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Glioblastomas are the most aggressive brain tumors for which therapeutic options are limited. Current therapies against glioblastoma include surgical resection, followed by radiotherapy plus concomitant treatment and maintenance with temozolomide (TMZ), however, these standard therapies are often ineffective, and average survival time for glioblastoma patients is between 12 and 18 months. We have previously reported a strong anti-glioblastoma activity of several metabolic compounds, which were synthetized based compounds, which were synthetized based on the chemical structure of a common lipid-lowering drug, fenofibrate, and share a general molecular skeleton of benzoylphenoxyacetamide (BPA). Extensive computational analyses of phenol and naphthol moieties added …

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Friend Of The Devil: Negative Social Influences Driving Substance Use Disorders, Matthew B. Pomrenze, Franciely Paliarin, Rajani Maiya Feb 2022

Friend Of The Devil: Negative Social Influences Driving Substance Use Disorders, Matthew B. Pomrenze, Franciely Paliarin, Rajani Maiya

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Substance use disorders in humans have significant social influences, both positive and negative. While prosocial behaviors promote group cooperation and are naturally rewarding, distressing social encounters, such as aggression exhibited by a conspecific, are aversive and can enhance the sensitivity to rewarding substances, promote the acquisition of drug-taking, and reinstate drug-seeking. On the other hand, withdrawal and prolonged abstinence from drugs of abuse can promote social avoidance and suppress social motivation, accentuating drug cravings and facilitating relapse. Understanding how complex social states and experiences modulate drug-seeking behaviors as well as the underlying circuit dynamics, such as those interacting with mesolimbic …

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Trait Energy And Fatigue May Be Connected To Gut Bacteria Among Young Physically Active Adults: An Exploratory Study, Ali Boolani, Karyn M. Gallivan, Kristin S. Ondrak, Courtney J. Christopher, Hector F. Castro, Shawn R. Campagna, Christopher M. Taylor, Meng Luo, Scot E. Dowd, Matthew Lee Smith, Lauri O. Byerley Jan 2022

Trait Energy And Fatigue May Be Connected To Gut Bacteria Among Young Physically Active Adults: An Exploratory Study, Ali Boolani, Karyn M. Gallivan, Kristin S. Ondrak, Courtney J. Christopher, Hector F. Castro, Shawn R. Campagna, Christopher M. Taylor, Meng Luo, Scot E. Dowd, Matthew Lee Smith, Lauri O. Byerley

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Recent scientific evidence suggests that traits energy and fatigue are two unique unipolar moods with distinct mental and physical components. This exploratory study investigated the correlation between mental energy (ME), mental fatigue (MF), physical energy (PE), physical fatigue (PF), and the gut microbiome. The four moods were assessed by survey, and the gut microbiome and metabolome were determined from 16 S rRNA analysis and untargeted metabolomics analysis, respectively. Twenty subjects who were 31 ± 5 y, physically active, and not obese (26.4 ± 4.4 kg/m2) participated. Bacteroidetes (45%), the most prominent phyla, was only negatively correlated with PF. The second …

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Recent Advances In Our Molecular And Mechanistic Understanding Of Misfolded Cellular Proteins In Alzheimer’S Disease (Ad) And Prion Disease (Prd), Walter J. Lukiw Jan 2022

Recent Advances In Our Molecular And Mechanistic Understanding Of Misfolded Cellular Proteins In Alzheimer’S Disease (Ad) And Prion Disease (Prd), Walter J. Lukiw

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Naturally occurring neuron-abundant proteins including amyloid Aβ42 peptide and the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) can, over time and under pathological situations, assume atypical conformations, altering their normal biological structure and function, and causing them to aggregate into insoluble and neurotoxic intracellular inclusions. These misfolded proteins ultimately contribute to the pathogenesis of several progressive, age-related and ultimately lethal human neurodegenerative disorders. The molecular mechanism of this pathological phenomenon of neuronal protein misfolding lends support to the ‘prion hypothesis’, which predicts that the aberrant folding of endogenous natural protein structures into unusual pathogenic isoforms can induce the atypical folding of other similar …

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Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy For Posterior Fossa Lesions: A Systematic Review And Analysis Of Multi-Institutional Outcomes, Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Stephen J. Bordes, Edinson Najera, Alireza M. Mohammadi, Gene H. Barnett, Badih Adada, Hamid Borghei-Razavi Jan 2022

Laser Interstitial Thermal Therapy For Posterior Fossa Lesions: A Systematic Review And Analysis Of Multi-Institutional Outcomes, Mohammadmahdi Sabahi, Stephen J. Bordes, Edinson Najera, Alireza M. Mohammadi, Gene H. Barnett, Badih Adada, Hamid Borghei-Razavi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) has emerged as a treatment option for deep-seated primary and metastatic brain lesions; however, hardly any data exist regarding LITT for lesions of the posterior fossa. Methods: A quantitative systematic review was performed. Article selection was performed by searching MEDLINE (using PubMed), Scopus, and Cochrane electronic bibliographic databases. Inclusion criteria were studies assessing LITT on posterior fossa tumors. Results: 16 studies comprising 150 patients (76.1% female) with a mean age of 56.47 years between 2014 and 2021 were systematically reviewed for treatment outcomes and efficacy. Morbidity and mortality data could be extracted for 131 …

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Rethinking Integration Of Environmental And Behavioral Stressors; Back To Energy Homeostasis And Function, Patricia E. Molina Jan 2022

Rethinking Integration Of Environmental And Behavioral Stressors; Back To Energy Homeostasis And Function, Patricia E. Molina

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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New Inroads Into Our Understanding Of The Tauopathies, Alzheimer's Disease, And The Contribution Of Altered Protein Conformation To Human Neurological Disease, Walter J. Lukiw Jan 2022

New Inroads Into Our Understanding Of The Tauopathies, Alzheimer's Disease, And The Contribution Of Altered Protein Conformation To Human Neurological Disease, Walter J. Lukiw

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Building A Virtual Community Of Practice For Medical Students: The Global Emergency Medicine Student Leadership Program, Ashley Pickering, Andrés Patiño, Stephanie C. Garbern, Dania Abu-Jubara, Alexandra Digenakis, Anthony Rodigin, Michaela S. Banks, Kimberly Herard, Stacey Chamberlain, Elizabeth L. Devos Dec 2021

Building A Virtual Community Of Practice For Medical Students: The Global Emergency Medicine Student Leadership Program, Ashley Pickering, Andrés Patiño, Stephanie C. Garbern, Dania Abu-Jubara, Alexandra Digenakis, Anthony Rodigin, Michaela S. Banks, Kimberly Herard, Stacey Chamberlain, Elizabeth L. Devos

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Virtual communities of practice (VCoPs) facilitate distance learning and mentorship by engaging members around shared knowledge and experiences related to a central interest. The American College of Emergency Physicians and Emergency Medicine Residents’ Association's Global Emergency Medicine Student Leadership Program (GEM‐SLP) provides a valuable model for building a VCoP for GEM and other niche areas of interest. This VCoP facilitates opportunities for experts and mentees affiliated with these national organizations to convene regularly despite barriers attributed to physical distance. The GEM‐SLP VCoP is built around multiple forms of mentorship, monthly mentee‐driven didactics, academic projects, and continued engagement of program graduates …

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Passive Immunity Trial For Our Nation (Passiton): Study Protocol For A Randomized Placebo-Control Clinical Trial Evaluating Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma In Hospitalized Adults, Wesley H. Self, Thomas G. Stewart, Allison P. Wheeler, Wissam El Atrouni, Amanda J. Bistran-Hall, Jonathan D. Casey, Vince D. Cataldo, James D. Chappell, Claudia S. Cohn, Jessica B. Collins, Mark R. Denison, Marjolein De Wit, Sheri L. Dixon, Abhijit Duggal, Terri L. Edwards, Magali J. Fontaine, Adit A. Ginde, Michelle S. Harkins, Thelma Harrington, Estelle S. Harris Dec 2021

Passive Immunity Trial For Our Nation (Passiton): Study Protocol For A Randomized Placebo-Control Clinical Trial Evaluating Covid-19 Convalescent Plasma In Hospitalized Adults, Wesley H. Self, Thomas G. Stewart, Allison P. Wheeler, Wissam El Atrouni, Amanda J. Bistran-Hall, Jonathan D. Casey, Vince D. Cataldo, James D. Chappell, Claudia S. Cohn, Jessica B. Collins, Mark R. Denison, Marjolein De Wit, Sheri L. Dixon, Abhijit Duggal, Terri L. Edwards, Magali J. Fontaine, Adit A. Ginde, Michelle S. Harkins, Thelma Harrington, Estelle S. Harris

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Convalescent plasma is being used widely as a treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, the clinical efficacy of COVID-19 convalescent plasma is unclear. Methods: The Passive Immunity Trial for Our Nation (PassITON) is a multicenter, placebo-controlled, blinded, randomized clinical trial being conducted in the USA to provide high-quality evidence on the efficacy of COVID-19 convalescent plasma as a treatment for adults hospitalized with symptomatic disease. Adults hospitalized with COVID-19 with respiratory symptoms for less than 14 days are eligible. Enrolled patients are randomized in a 1:1 ratio to 1 unit (200–399 mL) of COVID-19 convalescent plasma that has …

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Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated With Covid-19 Infection, James A. David, George D. Fivgas Dec 2021

Acute Macular Neuroretinopathy Associated With Covid-19 Infection, James A. David, George D. Fivgas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: To report a case of bilateral acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) associated with a COVID-19 infection. Observations: A 22-year-old female was referred for evaluation of bilateral scotomas concurrent with a mildly symptomatic COVID-19 infection. Exam showed normal visual acuity, bilateral reddish-brown petaloid retinal lesions which were hyporeflective on near infrared (NIR) optical coherence tomography (OCT), and had associated hypoperfusion of the deep vascular plexus on OCT-angiography (OCT-A) consistent with bilateral AMN. At follow-up, scotomas and retinal findings on near infrared imaging and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography had only slightly improved. Conclusions: COVID-19 has been documented to be the etiology of …

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Characterization Of Anti-Ana O 3 Monoclonal Antibodies And Their Application In Comparing Brazilian Cashew Cultivars, Christopher P. Mattison, Barry Vant-Hull, Ana Cecilia Ribeiro De Castro, Heidi J. Chial, Yvette Bren-Mattison, Peter J. Bechtel, Edy Sousa De Brito Dec 2021

Characterization Of Anti-Ana O 3 Monoclonal Antibodies And Their Application In Comparing Brazilian Cashew Cultivars, Christopher P. Mattison, Barry Vant-Hull, Ana Cecilia Ribeiro De Castro, Heidi J. Chial, Yvette Bren-Mattison, Peter J. Bechtel, Edy Sousa De Brito

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Ana o 3 is an immuno-dominant cashew nut allergen. Four monoclonal antibodies to Ana o 3 (2H5, 6B9C1, 19C9A2, and 5B7F8) were characterized by ELISA and in silico modeling. The 2H5 antibody was the only antibody specific for cashew nut extract. In addition to cashew nut extract, the 6B9C1 and 19C9A2 antibodies recognized pistachio extract, and the 5B7F8 recognized pecan extract. All four antibodies recognized both recombinant Ana o 3.0101 and native Ana o 3. ELISA assays following treatment of purified Ana o 3 with a reducing agent indicated that the 6B9C1 and 19C9A2 antibodies likely recognize conformational epitopes, while …

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Cdk5 Drives Formation Of Heterogeneous Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors, Angela M. Carter, Nilesh Kumar, Brendon Herring, Chunfeng Tan, Rachael Guenter, Rahul Telange, Wayne Howse, Fabrice Viol, Tyler R. Mccaw, Hayden H. Bickerton, Priyanka Gupta, Frank Gillardon, Eugene A. Woltering, Deepti Dhall, John Totenhagen, Ronadip R. Banerjee, Elizabeth M. Kurian, Sushanth Reddy, Herbert Chen, Joerg Schrader Dec 2021

Cdk5 Drives Formation Of Heterogeneous Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors, Angela M. Carter, Nilesh Kumar, Brendon Herring, Chunfeng Tan, Rachael Guenter, Rahul Telange, Wayne Howse, Fabrice Viol, Tyler R. Mccaw, Hayden H. Bickerton, Priyanka Gupta, Frank Gillardon, Eugene A. Woltering, Deepti Dhall, John Totenhagen, Ronadip R. Banerjee, Elizabeth M. Kurian, Sushanth Reddy, Herbert Chen, Joerg Schrader

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are a heterogeneous population of neoplasms that arise from hormone-secreting islet cells of the pancreas and have increased markedly in incidence over the past four decades. Non-functional PanNETs, which occur more frequently than hormone-secreting tumors, are often not diagnosed until later stages of tumor development and have poorer prognoses. Development of successful therapeutics for PanNETs has been slow, partially due to a lack of diverse animal models for pre-clinical testing. Here, we report development of an inducible, conditional mouse model of PanNETs by using a bi-transgenic system for regulated expression of the aberrant activator of Cdk5, …

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Assessing Vertebral Body Rotation For Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement In Scoliosis Surgery, Patrik Suwak, Abhishek Kumar, Kirby Bonvillain, Matthew Darlow, Peter D'Amore, Claudia Leonardi, Leland C. Mccluskey Dec 2021

Assessing Vertebral Body Rotation For Percutaneous Pedicle Screw Placement In Scoliosis Surgery, Patrik Suwak, Abhishek Kumar, Kirby Bonvillain, Matthew Darlow, Peter D'Amore, Claudia Leonardi, Leland C. Mccluskey

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Study Design: Retrospective Review. Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and magnitude of pedicle asymmetry as well as spinous process deviation in the healthy lumbar spine. Summary of Background Data: Minimally invasive spine surgery relies on fluoroscopic imaging as bony landmarks used for instrumentation are not exposed. The precision of techniques used to determine vertebral body rotation intraoperatively may be confounded by anatomic variation or pathology. Here, we investigate the physiologic variation in different anatomic structures of the lumbar spine used for percutaneous pedicle screw placement. Methods: 100 normal lumbar CT scans, without evidence of …

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A Role For Adipocytes And Adipose Stem Cells In The Breast Tumor Microenvironment And Regenerative Medicine, Courtney K. Brock, Katherine L. Hebert, Maria Artiles, Maryl K. Wright, Thomas Cheng, Gabrielle O. Windsor, Khoa Nguyen, Madlin S. Alzoubi, Bridgette M. Collins-Burow, Elizabeth C. Martin, Frank H. Lau, Bruce A. Bunnell, Matthew E. Burow Nov 2021

A Role For Adipocytes And Adipose Stem Cells In The Breast Tumor Microenvironment And Regenerative Medicine, Courtney K. Brock, Katherine L. Hebert, Maria Artiles, Maryl K. Wright, Thomas Cheng, Gabrielle O. Windsor, Khoa Nguyen, Madlin S. Alzoubi, Bridgette M. Collins-Burow, Elizabeth C. Martin, Frank H. Lau, Bruce A. Bunnell, Matthew E. Burow

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Obesity rates are climbing, representing a confounding and contributing factor to many disease states, including cancer. With respect to breast cancer, obesity plays a prominent role in the etiology of this disease, with certain subtypes such as triple-negative breast cancer having a strong correlation between obesity and poor outcomes. Therefore, it is critical to examine the obesity-related alterations to the normal stroma and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Adipocytes and adipose stem cells (ASCs) are major components of breast tissue stroma that have essential functions in both physiological and pathological states, including energy storage and metabolic homeostasis, physical support of breast …

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Scaling Of Computed Tomography Body Composition To Height: Relevance Of Height-Normalized Indices In Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Steven B. Heymsfield, Bette J. Caan Nov 2021

Scaling Of Computed Tomography Body Composition To Height: Relevance Of Height-Normalized Indices In Patients With Colorectal Cancer, Justin C. Brown, Steven B. Heymsfield, Bette J. Caan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Body weight scales to height with a power of ≈2 (weight/height2), forming the basis of body mass index (BMI). The corresponding scaling of body composition measured by abdominal computed tomography (CT) to height has not been established. The objective of this analysis was to quantify the scaling of body composition measured by a single-slice axial abdominal CT image (skeletal muscle, and visceral, subcutaneous, and total adipose tissue) to height in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). Methods: This cross-sectional study included non-Hispanic white males and females, aged 18–80 years, who were diagnosed with stage I–III CRC at an integrated health …

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Who Will Be The Caretakers Of Peripheral Arterial Disease?, Claudie Sheahan Nov 2021

Who Will Be The Caretakers Of Peripheral Arterial Disease?, Claudie Sheahan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Down-Regulation Of Cyclin D2 In Amyloid Β Toxicity, Inflammation, And Alzheimer’S Disease, Joanna B. Strosznajder, Grzegorz A. Czapski, Magdalena Cieślik, Emilia Białopiotrowicz, Walter J. Lukiw Nov 2021

Down-Regulation Of Cyclin D2 In Amyloid Β Toxicity, Inflammation, And Alzheimer’S Disease, Joanna B. Strosznajder, Grzegorz A. Czapski, Magdalena Cieślik, Emilia Białopiotrowicz, Walter J. Lukiw

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

In the current study, we analyzed the effects of the systemic inflammatory response (SIR) and amyloid β (Aβ) peptide on the expression of genes encoding cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinase (Cdk) in: (i) PC12 cells overexpressing human beta amyloid precursor protein (βAPP), wild-type (APPwt-PC12), or carrying the Swedish mutantion (APPsw-PC12); (ii) the murine hippocampus during SIR; and (iii) Alzheimer’s disease (AD) brain. In APPwtPC12 expression of cyclin D2 (cD2) was exclusively reduced, and in APPsw-PC12 cyclins cD2 and also cA1 were down-regulated, but cA2, cB1, cB2, and cE1 were up-regulated. In the SIR cD2, cB2, cE1 were found to be significantly …

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Outcomes For Hand Burns Treated With Autologous Skin Cell Suspension In 20% Tbsa And Smaller Injuries, George Malcolm Taylor, Scott A. Barnett, Charles T. Tuggle, Jeff E. Carter, Herb A. Phelan Nov 2021

Outcomes For Hand Burns Treated With Autologous Skin Cell Suspension In 20% Tbsa And Smaller Injuries, George Malcolm Taylor, Scott A. Barnett, Charles T. Tuggle, Jeff E. Carter, Herb A. Phelan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

In order to address the confounder of TBSA on burn outcomes, we sought to analyze our experience with the use of autologous skin cell suspensions (ASCS) in a cohort of subjects with hand burns whose TBSA totaled 20% or less. We hypothesized that the use of ASCS in conjunction with 2:1 meshed autograft for the treatment of hand burn injuries would provide comparable outcomes to hand burns treated with sheet or minimally meshed autograft alone. A retrospective review was conducted for all deep partial and full-Thickness hand burns treated with split-Thickness autograft (STAG) at our urban verified burn center between …

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Contact And Sars-Cov-2 Infections Among College Football Athletes In The Southeastern Conference During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Benika C. Dixon, Rebecca S.B. Fischer, Hongwei Zhao, Catherine S. O'Neal, James R. Clugston, Shawn G. Gibbs Oct 2021

Contact And Sars-Cov-2 Infections Among College Football Athletes In The Southeastern Conference During The Covid-19 Pandemic, Benika C. Dixon, Rebecca S.B. Fischer, Hongwei Zhao, Catherine S. O'Neal, James R. Clugston, Shawn G. Gibbs

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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