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School of Medicine Faculty Publications

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Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis: Assessment Of Hospital Walking Programs Among Older Patients, Christine Loyd, Yue Zhang, Tara Weisberg, James Boyett, Elizabeth R. Huckaby, Jeri Grundhoefer, Steve Otero, Lisa Roberts, Samantha Giordano-Mooga, Carmen Capo-Lugo, Catherine H. Smith, Richard E. Kennedy, Barbara J. King, Cynthia J. Brown Nov 2022

A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis: Assessment Of Hospital Walking Programs Among Older Patients, Christine Loyd, Yue Zhang, Tara Weisberg, James Boyett, Elizabeth R. Huckaby, Jeri Grundhoefer, Steve Otero, Lisa Roberts, Samantha Giordano-Mooga, Carmen Capo-Lugo, Catherine H. Smith, Richard E. Kennedy, Barbara J. King, Cynthia J. Brown

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Aim: The aim of this study is to assess effect of hospital walking programs on outcomes for older inpatients and to characterize hospital walking dose reported across studies. Design: A systematic review and meta-analysis examining impact of hospital walking and/or reported walking dose among medical-surgical inpatients. For inclusion, studies were observational or experimental, published in English, enrolled inpatients aged ≥ 65 yrs hospitalized for medical or surgical reasons. Methods: Searches of PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, NICHSR, OneSearch, ClinicalTrials.gov, and PsycINFO were completed in December 2020. Two reviewers screened sources, extracted data, and performed quality bias appraisal. Results: Hospital walking dose …

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Effects Of Substance Use Disorder On Oxidative And Antioxidative Stress Markers: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Thiago Wendt Viola, Rodrigo Orso, Luisa Fossati Florian, Miguel Gomes Garcia, Marco Giovanni Signor Gomes, Eduarda Mascarenhas Mardini, João Paulo Ottolia Niederauer, Aline Zaparte, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira Nov 2022

Effects Of Substance Use Disorder On Oxidative And Antioxidative Stress Markers: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Thiago Wendt Viola, Rodrigo Orso, Luisa Fossati Florian, Miguel Gomes Garcia, Marco Giovanni Signor Gomes, Eduarda Mascarenhas Mardini, João Paulo Ottolia Niederauer, Aline Zaparte, Rodrigo Grassi-Oliveira

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Recently, it has been suggested that central and peripheral toxicities identified in persons with substance use disorder (SUD) could be partially associated with an imbalance in reactive oxygen species and antioxidant defenses. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate whether SUD is associated with oxidative stress and to identify biomarkers possibly more affected by this condition. We have included studies that analysed oxidant and antioxidant markers in individuals with SUD caused by stimulants, alcohol, nicotine, opioids, and others (cannabis, inhalants, and polysubstance use). Our analysis showed that persons with SUD show higher oxidant markers and lower antioxidant markers …

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Practical Mouse Model To Investigate Therapeutics For Staphylococcus Aureus Contaminated Surgical Mesh Implants, Madison M. Collins, Brent Race, Ronald J. Messer, Chase Baune, Scott D. Kobayashi, Dan Long, Katie Williams, Aaron M. Hasenkrug, Kim Hasenkrug, Natalia Malachowa Nov 2022

Practical Mouse Model To Investigate Therapeutics For Staphylococcus Aureus Contaminated Surgical Mesh Implants, Madison M. Collins, Brent Race, Ronald J. Messer, Chase Baune, Scott D. Kobayashi, Dan Long, Katie Williams, Aaron M. Hasenkrug, Kim Hasenkrug, Natalia Malachowa

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: The use of prosthetic mesh in hernia repair provides a powerful tool to increase repair longevity, decrease recurrence rates, and facilitate complex abdominal wall reconstruction. Overall infection rates with mesh are low, but for those affected there is high morbidity and economic cost. The availability of a practicable small animal model would be advantageous for the preclinical testing of prophylactics, therapeutics, and new biomaterials. To this end, we have developed a novel mouse model for implantation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus–infected surgical mesh and provide results from antibiotic and immunotherapeutic testing. Materials and Methods: Implantation of surgical mesh between fascial …

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Mechanisms Of Recovery: Community Perceptions Of Change And Growth Following Multiple Disasters, Howard Osofsky, Joy Osofsky, Leia Y. Saltzman, Estilla Lightfoot, Jule De King, Tonya C. Hansel Nov 2022

Mechanisms Of Recovery: Community Perceptions Of Change And Growth Following Multiple Disasters, Howard Osofsky, Joy Osofsky, Leia Y. Saltzman, Estilla Lightfoot, Jule De King, Tonya C. Hansel

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction and purpose: The geographic location of the Gulf South leaves communities in continuous threat, response, and recovery disaster cycles. Hurricane Katrina in 2005 provided an opportunity to study disaster mental health. Less than 5 years after the storm, many Hurricane Katrina survivors were impacted again by the Deepwater Horizon Gulf oil spill. Despite adversities impacting Gulf communities, over 90% of participants reported they were resilient. The purpose of this study was to improve the understanding of the mechanisms that contribute to strengths following adversity in communities affected by repeated disasters. Specifically, we focused on survivor perceptions of personal, spiritual, …

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New Insights Into Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus In Colombia From Whole-Genome Analysis, Gloria Ramirez-Nieto, Daiana Mir, Diego Almansa-Villa, Geovanna Cordoba-Argotti, Magda Beltran-Leon, Nelida Rodriguez-Osorio, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Arlen P. Gomez Nov 2022

New Insights Into Avian Infectious Bronchitis Virus In Colombia From Whole-Genome Analysis, Gloria Ramirez-Nieto, Daiana Mir, Diego Almansa-Villa, Geovanna Cordoba-Argotti, Magda Beltran-Leon, Nelida Rodriguez-Osorio, Jone Garai, Jovanny Zabaleta, Arlen P. Gomez

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Infectious Bronchitis (IB) is a respiratory disease caused by a highly variable Gammacoronavirus, which generates a negative impact on poultry health worldwide. GI-11 and GI-16 lineages have been identified in South America based on Infectious Bronchitis virus (IBV) partial S1 sequences. However, full genome sequence information is limited. In this study we report, for the first time, the whole-genome sequence of IBV from Colombia. Seven IBV isolates obtained during 2012 and 2013 from farms with respiratory disease compatible with IB were selected and the complete genome sequence was obtained by NGS. According to S1 sequence phylogenetic analysis, six isolates belong …

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Multicenter Validation Of A Machine Learning Phase Space Electro-Mechanical Pulse Wave Analysis To Predict Elevated Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure At The Point-Of-Care, Sanjeev P. Bhavnani, Rola Khedraki, Travis J. Cohoon, Frederick J. Meine, Thomas D. Stuckey, Thomas Mcminn, Jeremiah P. Depta, Brett Bennett, Thomas Mcgarry, William Carroll, David Suh, John A. Steuter, Michael Roberts, Horace R. Gillins, Ian Shadforth, Emmanuel Lange, Abhinav Doomra, Mohammad Firouzi, Farhad Fathieh, Timothy Burton, Ali Khosousi, Shyam Ramchandani, William E. Sanders, Frank Smart Nov 2022

Multicenter Validation Of A Machine Learning Phase Space Electro-Mechanical Pulse Wave Analysis To Predict Elevated Left Ventricular End Diastolic Pressure At The Point-Of-Care, Sanjeev P. Bhavnani, Rola Khedraki, Travis J. Cohoon, Frederick J. Meine, Thomas D. Stuckey, Thomas Mcminn, Jeremiah P. Depta, Brett Bennett, Thomas Mcgarry, William Carroll, David Suh, John A. Steuter, Michael Roberts, Horace R. Gillins, Ian Shadforth, Emmanuel Lange, Abhinav Doomra, Mohammad Firouzi, Farhad Fathieh, Timothy Burton, Ali Khosousi, Shyam Ramchandani, William E. Sanders, Frank Smart

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background Phase space is a mechanical systems approach and large-scale data representation of an object in 3-dimensional space. Whether such techniques can be applied to predict left ventricular pressures non-invasively and at the point-of-care is unknown. Objective This study prospectively validated a phase space machine-learned approach based on a novel electro-mechanical pulse wave method of data collection through orthogonal voltage gradient (OVG) and photoplethysmography (PPG) for the prediction of elevated left ventricular end diastolic pressure (LVEDP). Methods Consecutive outpatients across 15 US-based healthcare centers with symptoms suggestive of coronary artery disease were enrolled at the time of elective cardiac catheterization …

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The Gain Of Function Scn1a Disorder Spectrum: Novel Epilepsy Phenotypes And Therapeutic Implications, Andreas Brunklaus, Tobias Brünger, Tony Feng, Carmen Fons, Anni Lehikoinen, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Mihaela Adela Vintan, Joseph Symonds, James Andrew, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Sarah Delima, Julie Gallois, Donncha Hanrahan, Gaetan Lesca, Stewart Macleod, Dragan Marjanovic, Amy Mctague, Noemi Nuñez-Enamorado, Eduardo Perez-Palma, M. Scott Perry, Karen Pysden, Sophie J. Russ-Hall, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Krystal Sully, Steffen Syrbe, Ulvi Vaher, Murugan Velayutham Nov 2022

The Gain Of Function Scn1a Disorder Spectrum: Novel Epilepsy Phenotypes And Therapeutic Implications, Andreas Brunklaus, Tobias Brünger, Tony Feng, Carmen Fons, Anni Lehikoinen, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Mihaela Adela Vintan, Joseph Symonds, James Andrew, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Sarah Delima, Julie Gallois, Donncha Hanrahan, Gaetan Lesca, Stewart Macleod, Dragan Marjanovic, Amy Mctague, Noemi Nuñez-Enamorado, Eduardo Perez-Palma, M. Scott Perry, Karen Pysden, Sophie J. Russ-Hall, Ingrid E. Scheffer, Krystal Sully, Steffen Syrbe, Ulvi Vaher, Murugan Velayutham

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Brain voltage-gated sodium channel NaV1.1 (SCN1A) loss-of-function variants cause the severe epilepsy Dravet syndrome, as well as milder phenotypes associated with genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus. Gain of function SCN1A variants are associated with familial hemiplegic migraine type 3. Novel SCN1A-related phenotypes have been described including early infantile developmental and epileptic encephalopathy with movement disorder, and more recently neonatal presentations with arthrogryposis. Here we describe the clinical, genetic and functional evaluation of affected individuals. Thirty-five patients were ascertained via an international collaborative network using a structured clinical questionnaire and from the literature. We performed whole-cell voltage-clamp electrophysiological recordings comparing …

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Promotion Of A Synthetic Degradation Of Activated Stat6 By Parp-1 Inhibition: Roles Of Poly(Adp-Ribosyl)Ation, Calpains And Autophagy, Jeffrey Wang, Mohamed A. Ghonim, Salome V. Ibba, Hanh H. Luu, Yucel Aydin, Peter A. Greer, A. Hamid Boulares Nov 2022

Promotion Of A Synthetic Degradation Of Activated Stat6 By Parp-1 Inhibition: Roles Of Poly(Adp-Ribosyl)Ation, Calpains And Autophagy, Jeffrey Wang, Mohamed A. Ghonim, Salome V. Ibba, Hanh H. Luu, Yucel Aydin, Peter A. Greer, A. Hamid Boulares

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: We reported that PARP-1 regulates genes whose products are crucial for asthma, in part, by controlling STAT6 integrity speculatively through a calpain-dependent mechanism. We wished to decipher the PARP-1/STAT6 relationship in the context of intracellular trafficking and promoter occupancy of the transcription factor on target genes, its integrity in the presence of calpains, and its connection to autophagy. Methods: This study was conducted using primary splenocytes or fibroblasts derived from wild-type or PARP-1−/− mice and Jurkat T cells to mimic Th2 inflammation. Results: We show that the role for PARP-1 in expression of IL-4-induced genes (e.g. gata-3) in splenocytes …

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Keeping The Lights On: The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty Utilization In The United States, Matthew W. Cole, Lacee K. Collins, Garrett H. Williams, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman Nov 2022

Keeping The Lights On: The Impact Of The Covid-19 Pandemic On Elective Total Joint Arthroplasty Utilization In The United States, Matthew W. Cole, Lacee K. Collins, Garrett H. Williams, Olivia C. Lee, William F. Sherman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: It was estimated that up to 30,000 primary total hip arthroplasty (THA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA) procedures would be cancelled each week during the moratorium on elective surgeries in the United States. The purpose of this study was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on elective total joint arthroplasty utilization in the United States. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted using the PearlDiver database. Patients who underwent primary elective THAs and TKAs were identified and filtered by state and month from January through September of both 2019 and 2020. The volume of these procedures immediately following …

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Editorial: Epigenetics And Molecular Genetics Of Rare Tumors, Mauro Tognon, George A. Calin, Luis Del Valle Nov 2022

Editorial: Epigenetics And Molecular Genetics Of Rare Tumors, Mauro Tognon, George A. Calin, Luis Del Valle

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

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Metabolic Pathways Enriched According To Erg Status Are Associated With Biochemical Recurrence In Hispanic/Latino Patients With Prostate Cancer, Natalia L. Acosta-Vega, Rodolfo Varela, Jorge Andrés Mesa, Jone Garai, Melody C. Baddoo, Alberto Gómez-Gutiérrez, Silvia J. Serrano-Gómez, Marcela Nuñez Lemus, Martha Lucía Serrano, Jovanny Zabaleta, Alba L. Combita, María Carolina Sanabria-Salas Nov 2022

Metabolic Pathways Enriched According To Erg Status Are Associated With Biochemical Recurrence In Hispanic/Latino Patients With Prostate Cancer, Natalia L. Acosta-Vega, Rodolfo Varela, Jorge Andrés Mesa, Jone Garai, Melody C. Baddoo, Alberto Gómez-Gutiérrez, Silvia J. Serrano-Gómez, Marcela Nuñez Lemus, Martha Lucía Serrano, Jovanny Zabaleta, Alba L. Combita, María Carolina Sanabria-Salas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: The role of ERG-status molecular subtyping in prognosis of prostate cancer (PCa) is still under debate. In this study, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) according to ERG-status to explore their enriched pathways and implications in prognosis in Hispanic/Latino PCa patients. Methods: RNA from 78 Hispanic PCa tissues from radical prostatectomies (RP) were used for RNA-sequencing. ERGhigh/ERGlow tumor groups were determined based on the 1.5-fold change median expression in non-tumor samples. DEGs with a False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.01 and a fold change >2 were identified between ERGhigh and ERGlow tumors and submitted to enrichment analysis in MetaCore. Survival and association analyses were performed …

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Dll3 As An Emerging Target For The Treatment Of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms, James Yao, Emily Bergsland, Rahul Aggarwal, Ana Aparicio, Himisha Beltran, Judy S. Crabtree, Christine L. Hann, Toni Ibrahim, Lauren A. Byers, Hironobu Sasano, John Umejiego, Marianne Pavel Nov 2022

Dll3 As An Emerging Target For The Treatment Of Neuroendocrine Neoplasms, James Yao, Emily Bergsland, Rahul Aggarwal, Ana Aparicio, Himisha Beltran, Judy S. Crabtree, Christine L. Hann, Toni Ibrahim, Lauren A. Byers, Hironobu Sasano, John Umejiego, Marianne Pavel

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) are heterogeneous malignancies that can arise at almost any anatomical site and are classified as biologically distinct well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumors (NET) and poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinomas (NEC). Current systemic therapies for advanced disease, including targeted therapies, chemotherapy, and immunotherapy, are associated with limited duration of response. New therapeutic targets are needed. One promising target is delta-like ligand 3 (DLL3), an inhibitory ligand of the Notch receptor whose overexpression on the surface of NEN is associated with tumorigenesis. Methods: This article is a narrative review that highlights the role of DLL3 in NEN progression and prognosis, the …

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Impact Of Dietary Walnuts, A Nutraceutical Option, On Circulating Markers Of Metabolic Dysregulation In A Rodent Cachectic Tumor Model, Lauri O. Byerley, Hsiao Man Chang, Brittany Lorenzen, Jessie Guidry, W. Elaine Hardman Nov 2022

Impact Of Dietary Walnuts, A Nutraceutical Option, On Circulating Markers Of Metabolic Dysregulation In A Rodent Cachectic Tumor Model, Lauri O. Byerley, Hsiao Man Chang, Brittany Lorenzen, Jessie Guidry, W. Elaine Hardman

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Nutraceutical foods, like walnuts which are rich in immunonutrients, can have medicinal benefits. Dietary walnuts have been shown to slow or prevent tumor growth in mice genetically programmed to grow breast or prostate tumors. This study investigated whether walnuts could exert the same preventable effect in a transplantable carcinoma rat model. Methods: Eighteen rats were randomly fed a diet containing walnuts (10% of food by weight), and 36 were fed a diet without walnuts (control) for 21 days. On day 22, 18 control diet rats were switched to the walnut diet. All other animals remained on their same diet. …

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Subtype C Hiv-1 Reservoirs Throughout The Body In Art-Suppressed Individuals, Zhou Liu, Peter Julius, Guobin Kang, John T. West, Charles Wood Oct 2022

Subtype C Hiv-1 Reservoirs Throughout The Body In Art-Suppressed Individuals, Zhou Liu, Peter Julius, Guobin Kang, John T. West, Charles Wood

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Subtype B HIV-1 reservoirs have been intensively investigated, but reservoirs in other subtypes and how they respond to antiretroviral therapy (ART) is substantially less established. To characterize subtype C HIV-1 reservoirs, we implemented postmortem frozen, as well as formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissue sampling of central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral tissues. HIV-1 LTR, gag, envelope (env) DNA and RNA was quantified using genomic DNA and RNA extracted from frozen tissues. RNAscope was used to localize subtype C HIV-1 DNA and RNA in FFPE tissue. Despite uniform viral load suppression in our cohort, PCR results showed that subtype C …

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Objective Evaluation Of Clock Face Suture Using The Objective Structured Assessment Of Technical Skill Checklist, Lucille Treil, Nicole Neumann, Nicolas Chanes, Anne Lejay, Tristan Bourcier, Jean Bismuth, Jason T. Lee, Malachi Sheahan, Anne Florence Rouby, Nabil Chakfé, John Eidt, Yannick Georg, Erica Leith Mitchell, David Rigberg, Murray Shames, Fabien Thaveau, Claudie Sheahan Oct 2022

Objective Evaluation Of Clock Face Suture Using The Objective Structured Assessment Of Technical Skill Checklist, Lucille Treil, Nicole Neumann, Nicolas Chanes, Anne Lejay, Tristan Bourcier, Jean Bismuth, Jason T. Lee, Malachi Sheahan, Anne Florence Rouby, Nabil Chakfé, John Eidt, Yannick Georg, Erica Leith Mitchell, David Rigberg, Murray Shames, Fabien Thaveau, Claudie Sheahan

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: Assessment of the quality of the final product (QFP) is critical in simulation training, such as the clock face suture (CFS) exercise that is used to assess trainees’ needle handling and suturing accuracy. Objective Structured Assessment of Technical Skill (OSATS) scores are the gold standard for the evaluation of trainees. The aim was to investigate variability in the use of OSATS checklists and to evaluate a semi-automatic method of suture analysis vs. OSATS scores. Methods: Details of 287 CFSs performed by trainees during Fundamentals in Vascular Surgery examinations were collected. All were rated according to a seven item OSATS …

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Tachyarrhythmias During Hospitalization For Covid-19 Or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children And Adolescents, Audrey Dionne, Kevin G. Friedman, Cameron C. Young, Margaret M. Newhams, Suden Kucukak, Ashley M. Jackson, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Laura S. Smallcomb, Sabrina Heidemann, Gwenn E. Mclaughlin, Katherine Irby, Tamara T. Bradford, Steven M. Horwitz, Laura L. Loftis, Vijaya L. Soma, Courtney M. Rowan, Michele Kong, Natasha B. Halasa, Keiko M. Tarquinio, Adam J. Schwarz, Janet R. Hume, Shira J. Gertz, Katharine N. Clouser, Christopher L. Carroll, Kari Wellnitz, Melissa L. Cullimore, Sule Doymaz, Emily R. Levy Oct 2022

Tachyarrhythmias During Hospitalization For Covid-19 Or Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome In Children And Adolescents, Audrey Dionne, Kevin G. Friedman, Cameron C. Young, Margaret M. Newhams, Suden Kucukak, Ashley M. Jackson, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Laura S. Smallcomb, Sabrina Heidemann, Gwenn E. Mclaughlin, Katherine Irby, Tamara T. Bradford, Steven M. Horwitz, Laura L. Loftis, Vijaya L. Soma, Courtney M. Rowan, Michele Kong, Natasha B. Halasa, Keiko M. Tarquinio, Adam J. Schwarz, Janet R. Hume, Shira J. Gertz, Katharine N. Clouser, Christopher L. Carroll, Kari Wellnitz, Melissa L. Cullimore, Sule Doymaz, Emily R. Levy

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Cardiac complications related to COVID-19 in children and adolescents include ventricular dysfunction, myocarditis, coronary artery aneurysm, and bradyarrhythmias, but tachyarrhythmias are less understood. The goal of this study was to evaluate the frequency, characteristics, and outcomes of children and adolescents experiencing tachyarrhythmias while hospitalized for acute severe COVID-19 or multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study involved a case series of 63 patients with tachyarrhythmias reported in a public health surveillance registry of patients aged 15, 2020, to December 31, 2021, at 63 US hospitals. Patients with tachyarrhythmias were compared with patients with severe COVID-19–related complications …

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Radiologist Versus Non-Radiologist Detection Of Lymph Node Metastasis In Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma By Ultrasound: A Meta-Analysis, Peter P. Issa, Lauren Mueller, Mohammad Hussein, Aaron Albuck, Mohamed Shama, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil Oct 2022

Radiologist Versus Non-Radiologist Detection Of Lymph Node Metastasis In Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma By Ultrasound: A Meta-Analysis, Peter P. Issa, Lauren Mueller, Mohammad Hussein, Aaron Albuck, Mohamed Shama, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is the most common thyroid cancer worldwide and is known to spread to adjacent neck lymphatics. Lymph node metastasis (LNM) is a known predictor of disease recurrence and is an indicator for aggressive resection. Our study aims to determine if ultrasound sonographers’ degree of training influences overall LNM detection. PubMed, Embase, and Scopus articles were searched and screened for relevant articles. Two investigators independently screened and extracted the data. Diagnostic test parameters were determined for all studies, studies reported by radiologists, and studies reported by non-radiologists. The total sample size amounted to 5768 patients and 10,030 …

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Sex Differences In Determinants Of Covid-19 Severe Outcomes – Findings From The National Covid Cohort Collaborative (N3c), Yilin Yoshida, San Chu, Sarah Fox, Yuanhao Zu, Dragana Lovre, Joshua L. Denson, Lucio Miele, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis Oct 2022

Sex Differences In Determinants Of Covid-19 Severe Outcomes – Findings From The National Covid Cohort Collaborative (N3c), Yilin Yoshida, San Chu, Sarah Fox, Yuanhao Zu, Dragana Lovre, Joshua L. Denson, Lucio Miele, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: The impact of comorbidities and biomarkers on COVID-19 severity vary by sex but have not yet been verified in population-based studies. We examined the association of comorbidities, inflammatory biomarkers, and severe outcomes in men and women hospitalized for COVID-19. Design: This is a retrospective cohort analysis based on the National COVID Cohort Collaborative (N3C). We included 574,391 adult patients admitted for COVID-19 at hospitals or emergency rooms between 01/01/2020 and 12/31/2021. Methods: We defined comorbidities at or before the first admission for COVID-19 by Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) and CCI components. We used the averaged lab values taken within …

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Pilot Study Of Minimally Adherent Silver Dressings For Acute Surgical Wounds, Meredyth B. Berard, Frank H. Lau Oct 2022

Pilot Study Of Minimally Adherent Silver Dressings For Acute Surgical Wounds, Meredyth B. Berard, Frank H. Lau

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background and Aims: Minimally adherent silver dressings (SILVER MASD) are antimicrobial, nonirritating, provide a moist wound healing environment, and low cost. The purpose of this pilot, single-center, non-blinded randomized controlled trial was to quantify the outcomes of acute surgical wounds treated with MASD versus standard of care (SoC) dressings. Methods: Thirty-two patients with acute wounds were randomized 1:1 to be treated with MASD once weekly or SoC following surgical excision of skin and/or subcutaneous tissue between September 13, 2016 and November 28, 2017. The outcome variables included clinical infection, time to wound closure, and pain scores at dressing changes. Two …

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Employing Respondent Driven Sampling (Rds) To Recruit People Who Inject Drugs (Pwid) And Other Hard-To-Reach Populations During Covid-19: Lessons Learned, Roberto Abadie, Patrick Habecker, Kimberly Gocchi Carrasco, Kathy S. Chiou, Samodha Fernando, Sydney J. Bennett, Aníbal Valentin-Acevedo, Kirk Dombrowski, John T. West, Charles Wood Oct 2022

Employing Respondent Driven Sampling (Rds) To Recruit People Who Inject Drugs (Pwid) And Other Hard-To-Reach Populations During Covid-19: Lessons Learned, Roberto Abadie, Patrick Habecker, Kimberly Gocchi Carrasco, Kathy S. Chiou, Samodha Fernando, Sydney J. Bennett, Aníbal Valentin-Acevedo, Kirk Dombrowski, John T. West, Charles Wood

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Respondent Driven Sampling (RDS) is an effective sampling strategy to recruit hard-to-reach populations but the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the use of this strategy in the collection of data involving human subjects, particularly among marginalized and vulnerable populations, is not known. Based on an ongoing study using RDS to recruit and study the interactions between HIV infection, injection drug use, and the microbiome in Puerto Rico, this paper explores the effectiveness of RDS during the pandemic and provided potential strategies that could improve recruitment and data collection. Results: RDS was employed to evaluate its effectiveness in recruiting …

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Ultraviolet Light Exposure Decreases Thyroid Cancer Risk: A National Perspective, Tessa R. Lavorgna, Mohammad Hussein, Peter P. Issa, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil Oct 2022

Ultraviolet Light Exposure Decreases Thyroid Cancer Risk: A National Perspective, Tessa R. Lavorgna, Mohammad Hussein, Peter P. Issa, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Ultraviolet (UV) light has been reported to have both pro-oncogenic and anti-oncogenic effects. Since patient pigmentation can influence the role of UV light exposure, we thought to investigate the recent trends in thyroid cancer incidence and survival with an emphasis on patient race and UV exposure. Patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database were identified. A total of 284,178 patients were enrolled. Data were stratified according to population sex, race, and state. UV exposure data in Watt-Hours Per Square Meter for the state were obtained from the National Cancer Institute Cancer Atlas. Thyroid …

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Radiofrequency Ablation Of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: The First North American Comparative Analysis, Peter P. Issa, Mahmoud Omar, Chad P. Issa, Yusef Buti, Mohammad Hussein, Mohamed Aboueisha, Ali Abdelhady, Mohamed Shama, Grace S. Lee, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil Oct 2022

Radiofrequency Ablation Of Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: The First North American Comparative Analysis, Peter P. Issa, Mahmoud Omar, Chad P. Issa, Yusef Buti, Mohammad Hussein, Mohamed Aboueisha, Ali Abdelhady, Mohamed Shama, Grace S. Lee, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Thyroid nodules can be classified as benign, malignant, or indeterminate, the latter of which make up 10–30% of nodules. Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) has become an attractive and promising therapy for the treatment of benign thyroid nodules. However, few studies have investigated the safety and efficacy of RFA for the management of indeterminate thyroid nodules. In this study, 178 patients with thyroid nodules diagnosed as benign (Bethesda II) or indeterminate (Bethesda III/IV) by preoperative cytopathological analysis were included. Patients in the benign and indeterminate cohorts had similar thyroid nodule volume reduction rates at 65.60% and 64.20%, respectively (p = 0.68). The …

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Diagnostic Accuracy Of Ultrasound In Predicting Extrathyroidal Extension And Its Relation To Body Mass Index In A North American Population, Mahmoud Omar, Abdallah S. Attia, Peter P. Issa, Bryce R. Christensen, Kavin Sugumar, Ahmed Alnahla, Deena Hadedeya, Hosam Shalaby, Neel Gupta, Mohamed Shama, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil Sep 2022

Diagnostic Accuracy Of Ultrasound In Predicting Extrathyroidal Extension And Its Relation To Body Mass Index In A North American Population, Mahmoud Omar, Abdallah S. Attia, Peter P. Issa, Bryce R. Christensen, Kavin Sugumar, Ahmed Alnahla, Deena Hadedeya, Hosam Shalaby, Neel Gupta, Mohamed Shama, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Detection of extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) influences treatment plan and surgical aggressiveness. Ultrasound (US) is the long-standing preoperative imaging method of choice. Recent literature from Asia suggests US accuracy to be influenced by patient characteristics, such as body mass index (BMI). Here, we examine the effect of BMI on the accuracy of US at a North American tertiary referral center. A total of 204 PTC-confirmed patients were retrospectively read by a radiologist blinded to surgical pathology findings. The radiologist recorded multiple sonographic features, including ETE, loss of echogenic capsule, nodule vascularity, capsular abutment, and …

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Effect Of Yoga And Mindfulness Intervention On Symptoms Of Anxiety And Depression In Young Adolescents Attending Middle School: A Pragmatic Community-Based Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial In A Racially Diverse Urban Setting, Alessandra N. Bazzano, Yaoyao Sun, Vaughne Chavez-Gray, Temitope Akintimehin, Jeanette Gustat, Denise Barrera, Cody Roi Sep 2022

Effect Of Yoga And Mindfulness Intervention On Symptoms Of Anxiety And Depression In Young Adolescents Attending Middle School: A Pragmatic Community-Based Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial In A Racially Diverse Urban Setting, Alessandra N. Bazzano, Yaoyao Sun, Vaughne Chavez-Gray, Temitope Akintimehin, Jeanette Gustat, Denise Barrera, Cody Roi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Mental health conditions in childhood and adolescence are increasing in the U.S. population and require early intervention, as highlighted by a recent Surgeon General’s Advisory on Protecting Youth Mental Health. These health issues, which have been exacerbated by the COVID-19 pandemic, impair functioning, and may lead to longer term reductions in quality of life. Young adolescents are likely to experience stressors including academic pressure, feelings of loneliness and isolation, and excessive exposure to social media, all of which have been made worse by the pandemic and associated disruptions. Universal preventive programs at school serve as an important strategy for equipping …

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Cancer As A Channelopathy—Appreciation Of Complimentary Pathways Provides A Different Perspective For Developing Treatments, Harry J. [email protected] Gould, Dennis Paul Sep 2022

Cancer As A Channelopathy—Appreciation Of Complimentary Pathways Provides A Different Perspective For Developing Treatments, Harry J. [email protected] Gould, Dennis Paul

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Life depends upon the ability of cells to evaluate and adapt to a constantly changing environment and to maintain internal stability to allow essential biochemical reactions to occur. Ions and ion channels play a crucial role in this process and are essential for survival. Alterations in the expression of the transmembrane proteins responsible for maintaining ion balance that occur as a result of mutations in the genetic code or in response to iatrogenically induced changes in the extracellular environment is a characteristic feature of oncogenesis and identifies cancer as one of a constellation of diseases known as channelopathies. The classification …

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Gender Dysphoria And Its Non-Surgical And Surgical Treatments, Danyon Anderson, Himasa Wijetunge, Peyton Moore, Daniel Provenzano, Nathan Li, Jamal Hasoon, Omar Viswanath, Alan D. Kaye, Ivan Urits Sep 2022

Gender Dysphoria And Its Non-Surgical And Surgical Treatments, Danyon Anderson, Himasa Wijetunge, Peyton Moore, Daniel Provenzano, Nathan Li, Jamal Hasoon, Omar Viswanath, Alan D. Kaye, Ivan Urits

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Gender dysphoria is defined by severe or persistent distress associated with an incongruence between one’s gender identity and biological sex. It is estimated that 1.4 million Americans and 25 million people worldwide identify as transgender and that 0.6% of Americans experience gender dysphoria. The pathophysiology of gender dysphoria is multifactorial and incompletely understood. Genetics, androgen exposure, neuroanatomy, brain connectivity, history of trauma, parents with psychological disorders, and being raised by less than two parents are associated with gender dysphoria. Gender dysphoria most frequently presents in early teenage years but can present earlier or later. Anxiety and depression are the two …

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Kshv (Hhv8) Vaccine: Promises And Potential Pitfalls For A New Anti-Cancer Vaccine, Corey Casper, Lawrence Corey, Jeffrey I. Cohen, Blossom Damania, Anne A. Gershon, David C. Kaslow, Laurie T. Krug, Jeffrey Martin, Sam M. Mbulaiteye, Edward S. Mocarski, Patrick S. Moore, Javier Gordon Ogembo, Warren Phipps, Denise Whitby, Charles Wood Sep 2022

Kshv (Hhv8) Vaccine: Promises And Potential Pitfalls For A New Anti-Cancer Vaccine, Corey Casper, Lawrence Corey, Jeffrey I. Cohen, Blossom Damania, Anne A. Gershon, David C. Kaslow, Laurie T. Krug, Jeffrey Martin, Sam M. Mbulaiteye, Edward S. Mocarski, Patrick S. Moore, Javier Gordon Ogembo, Warren Phipps, Denise Whitby, Charles Wood

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Seven viruses cause at least 15% of the total cancer burden. Viral cancers have been described as the “low-hanging fruit” that can be potentially prevented or treated by new vaccines that would alter the course of global human cancer. Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV or HHV8) is the sole cause of Kaposi sarcoma, which primarily afflicts resource-poor and socially marginalized populations. This review summarizes a recent NIH-sponsored workshop’s findings on the epidemiology and biology of KSHV as an overlooked but potentially vaccine-preventable infection. The unique epidemiology of this virus provides opportunities to prevent its cancers if an effective, inexpensive, and well-tolerated …

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Cryptococcal Hsf3 Controls Intramitochondrial Ros Homeostasis By Regulating The Respiratory Process, Xindi Gao, Yi Fu, Shengyi Sun, Tingyi Gu, Yanjian Li, Tianshu Sun, Hailong Li, Wei Du, Chenhao Suo, Chao Li, Yiru Gao, Yang Meng, Yue Ni, Sheng Yang, Tian Lan, Sixiang Sai, Jiayi Li, Kun Yu, Ping Wang, Chen Ding Sep 2022

Cryptococcal Hsf3 Controls Intramitochondrial Ros Homeostasis By Regulating The Respiratory Process, Xindi Gao, Yi Fu, Shengyi Sun, Tingyi Gu, Yanjian Li, Tianshu Sun, Hailong Li, Wei Du, Chenhao Suo, Chao Li, Yiru Gao, Yang Meng, Yue Ni, Sheng Yang, Tian Lan, Sixiang Sai, Jiayi Li, Kun Yu, Ping Wang, Chen Ding

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Mitochondrial quality control prevents accumulation of intramitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species (mtROS), thereby protecting cells against DNA damage, genome instability, and programmed cell death. However, underlying mechanisms are incompletely understood, particularly in fungal species. Here, we show that Cryptococcus neoformans heat shock factor 3 (CnHsf3) exhibits an atypical function in regulating mtROS independent of the unfolded protein response. CnHsf3 acts in nuclei and mitochondria, and nuclear- and mitochondrial-targeting signals are required for its organelle-specific functions. It represses the expression of genes involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle while promoting expression of genes involved in electron transfer chain. In addition, CnHsf3 responds …

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Sars-Cov-2 Invasion And Pathological Links To Prion Disease, Walter J. Lukiw, Vivian R. Jaber, Aileen I. Pogue, Yuhai Zhao Sep 2022

Sars-Cov-2 Invasion And Pathological Links To Prion Disease, Walter J. Lukiw, Vivian R. Jaber, Aileen I. Pogue, Yuhai Zhao

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of the COVID-19 disease, is a highly infectious and transmissible viral pathogen that continues to impact human health globally. Nearly ~600 million people have been infected with SARS-CoV-2, and about half exhibit some degree of continuing health complication, generically referred to as long COVID. Lingering and often serious neurological problems for patients in the post-COVID-19 recovery period include brain fog, behavioral changes, confusion, delirium, deficits in intellect, cognition and memory issues, loss of balance and coordination, problems with vision, visual processing and hallucinations, encephalopathy, encephalitis, neurovascular or cerebrovascular insufficiency, and/or …

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Intersection Of Anxiety And Negative Coping Among Asian American Medical Students, Michelle B. Moore, David Yang, Amanda M. Raines, Rahn Kennedy Bailey, Waania Beg Sep 2022

Intersection Of Anxiety And Negative Coping Among Asian American Medical Students, Michelle B. Moore, David Yang, Amanda M. Raines, Rahn Kennedy Bailey, Waania Beg

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: Asian Americans comprise 21% of matriculating medical students in the United States but little is known about their mental health. With the growing focus on addressing the mental health of medical students, this systematic, nationwide survey assesses the relationship between anxiety and depression symptoms and coping skills among Asian American medical students. Materials and methods: A survey tool comprised of Patient Health Questionnaire-9, General Anxiety Disorder-7, and questions related to coping were emailed to members of the Asian Pacific American Medical Students Association enrolled in a United States medical school during the 2016–2017 academic year. We evaluated associations between …

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