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School of Medicine Faculty Publications

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Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

Molecular Modification Of Queen Bee Acid And 10-Hydroxydecanoic Acid With Specific Tripeptides: Rational Design, Organic Synthesis, And Assessment For Prohealing And Antimicrobial Hydrogel Properties, Song Hong, Sachin B. Baravkar, Yan Lu, Abdul Razak Masoud, Qi Zhao, Weilie Zhou Jan 2025

Molecular Modification Of Queen Bee Acid And 10-Hydroxydecanoic Acid With Specific Tripeptides: Rational Design, Organic Synthesis, And Assessment For Prohealing And Antimicrobial Hydrogel Properties, Song Hong, Sachin B. Baravkar, Yan Lu, Abdul Razak Masoud, Qi Zhao, Weilie Zhou

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Royal jelly and medical grade honey are traditionally used in treating wounds and infections, although their effectiveness is often variable and insufficient. To overcome their limitations, we created novel amphiphiles by modifying the main reparative and antimicrobial components, queen bee acid (hda) and 10-hydroxyl-decanoic acid (hdaa), through peptide bonding with specific tripeptides. Our molecular design incorporated amphiphile targets as being biocompatible in wound healing, biodegradable, non-toxic, hydrogelable, prohealing, and antimicrobial. The amphiphilic molecules were designed in a hda(hdaa)-aa1-aa2-aa3 structural model with rational selection criteria for each moiety, prepared via Rink/Fmoc-tBu-based solid-phase peptide synthesis, and structurally verified by NMR and LC–MS/MS. …

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Routine Overnight Assessments In Stable Pediatric Surgery Patients: A Critical Reconsideration, Morgan Brown, Rebecca Moreci, Hannah Megison, Elizabeth Long, Michael Maurer, Benjamin Bienvenue, Denise M. Danos, James H. Wood Jan 2025

Routine Overnight Assessments In Stable Pediatric Surgery Patients: A Critical Reconsideration, Morgan Brown, Rebecca Moreci, Hannah Megison, Elizabeth Long, Michael Maurer, Benjamin Bienvenue, Denise M. Danos, James H. Wood

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Hospitalized patients are subject to overnight vital sign (OVS) monitoring which leads to subsequent sleep disturbance and contributes to adverse outcomes and negative hospital experiences. Studies in pediatric populations have shown that routine OVS checks infrequently detect significant events. We hypothesized that OVS monitoring in pediatric surgery patients rarely detects abnormalities resulting in meaningful interventions. Materials and methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of patients ≥ 5 years old admitted to the pediatric surgery service at a stand-alone Children's Hospital from 2019 to 2021. ICU patients were excluded from analysis. Overnight vital signs were defined as those recorded …

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Understanding The Impacts Of Surgical Drains On Postoperative Pain And Quality Of Life, Goutam K. Gadiraju, Matthew R. Prospero, Finn Tobias, Andrew J. Malek, Erik Reiche, Justin M. Broyles Jan 2025

Understanding The Impacts Of Surgical Drains On Postoperative Pain And Quality Of Life, Goutam K. Gadiraju, Matthew R. Prospero, Finn Tobias, Andrew J. Malek, Erik Reiche, Justin M. Broyles

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Surgical drains are commonly used in breast surgery and breast reconstruction for seroma prevention. Although many surgeons are aware that surgical drains can cause considerable discomfort to patients, less is understood about the specific impacts of drains on postoperative pain and quality of life (QOL). Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among patients at our institution who had previously undergone mastectomy or breast reconstruction procedures to better understand patients' experiences with surgical drains. Patients were asked to report their attitudes toward a series of QOL statements and rate postoperative pain using numeric pain scales. Pair-wise analysis was used to …

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Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays Are Associated With Mortality And Blood Transfusion In A Multicenter Cohort, Shyam Murali, Eric Winter, Nicolas M. Chanes, Allyson M. Hynes, Madhu Subramanian, Alison A. Smith, Mark J. Seamon, Jeremy W. Cannon Jan 2025

Viscoelastic Hemostatic Assays Are Associated With Mortality And Blood Transfusion In A Multicenter Cohort, Shyam Murali, Eric Winter, Nicolas M. Chanes, Allyson M. Hynes, Madhu Subramanian, Alison A. Smith, Mark J. Seamon, Jeremy W. Cannon

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objectives: Trauma-induced coagulopathy (TIC) carries significant risks, including increased mortality. Traditional TIC definitions rely on laboratories that result slowly and do not highlight therapeutic targets. We hypothesized that a TIC score, based on thromboelastography (TEG) and rotational thromboelastometry (ROTEM), collectively termed viscoelastic hemostatic assays, is associated with in-hospital mortality and packed red blood cell (pRBC) transfusion. Methods: This retrospective cohort study used a database of adult patients undergoing institutional massive transfusion at seven level 1 trauma centers (2013-2018). A “TIC score” was developed, with 1 point assigned for abnormal TEG R-time ( ≥ 9 min) or ROTEM clot time ( …

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Social, Racial, And Economic Disparities Affecting Outcomes Of Hypertensive Adolescents, Kanya Singhapakdi, Amelia Haydel, Marla Johnston, Shengping Yang, Tamara Bradford, Dedrick Moulton, Thomas R. Kimball Jan 2025

Social, Racial, And Economic Disparities Affecting Outcomes Of Hypertensive Adolescents, Kanya Singhapakdi, Amelia Haydel, Marla Johnston, Shengping Yang, Tamara Bradford, Dedrick Moulton, Thomas R. Kimball

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Essential hypertension is one of the most common conditions managed in pediatric cardiology and can result in lasting deleterious effects on the cardiovascular system. Pediatric hypertension is so prevalent in the United States that it is often referred to as a public health challenge. Social determinants of health (SDH) are the cultural, economic, educational, healthcare accessibility, and political influences in the environment in which an individual is born or lives, all of which can affect that individual's overall health. This study investigated the impact of social determinants such as rurality, food insecurity, transportation challenges, minority status, income, and race on …

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Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Real World Data Infrastructure: A Big-Data Resource For Study Of The Impact Of Covid-19 In Patient Populations With Immunocompromising Conditions, James M. Crawford, Lynne Penberthy, Ligia A. Pinto, Keri N. Althoff, Magdalene M. Assimon, Oren Cohen, Laura Gillim, Tracy L. Hammonds, Shilpa Kapur, Harvey W. Kaufman, David Kwasny, Jean W. Liew, William A. Meyer 3rd, Shannon L. Reynolds, Cheryl B. Schleicher, Suki Subbiah, Catherine Theruviparampil, Zachary S. Wallace, Jeremy L. Warner, Suhyeon Yoon, Yonah C. Ziemba Jan 2025

Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19) Real World Data Infrastructure: A Big-Data Resource For Study Of The Impact Of Covid-19 In Patient Populations With Immunocompromising Conditions, James M. Crawford, Lynne Penberthy, Ligia A. Pinto, Keri N. Althoff, Magdalene M. Assimon, Oren Cohen, Laura Gillim, Tracy L. Hammonds, Shilpa Kapur, Harvey W. Kaufman, David Kwasny, Jean W. Liew, William A. Meyer 3rd, Shannon L. Reynolds, Cheryl B. Schleicher, Suki Subbiah, Catherine Theruviparampil, Zachary S. Wallace, Jeremy L. Warner, Suhyeon Yoon, Yonah C. Ziemba

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background. We developed a United States–based real-world data resource to better understand the continued impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on immunocompromised patients, who are typically underrepresented in prospective studies and clinical trials. Methods. The COVID-19 Real World Data infrastructure (CRWDi) was created by linking and harmonizing de-identified HealthVerity medical and pharmacy claims data from 1 December 2018 to 31 December 2023, with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 virologic and serologic laboratory data from major commercial laboratories and Northwell Health; COVID-19 vaccination data; and, for patients with cancer, 2010 to 2021 National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and …

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Medicaid Expansion Increases Treatment For Patients With Colon Cancer, John Morgan Lyons, Denise M. Danos, Lauren S. Maniscalco, Yong Yi, Omeed Moaven, Xiaocheng Wu, Quyen Chu Jan 2025

Medicaid Expansion Increases Treatment For Patients With Colon Cancer, John Morgan Lyons, Denise M. Danos, Lauren S. Maniscalco, Yong Yi, Omeed Moaven, Xiaocheng Wu, Quyen Chu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: Medicaid expansion (ME) has positively impacted colon cancer screening. ME’s effect on colon cancer treatment is less clear. This study analyses the effect of ME on patterns of colon cancer treatment. Methods: Patients with primary invasive colon cancer were identified using the Louisiana Tumor Registry. Patients diagnosed with colon cancer prior to ME (2014–2015) were compared to those diagnosed after (2017–2018). Coordinate variables were analyzed using Fisher’s exact test. Treatment status was modeled with multivariable logistic regression and the results are reported as adjusted odds ratios. Results: The proportion of uninsured patients decreased following ME (5.5 versus 1.9, p < 0.001), with the greatest reductions among patients between 45 and 54 years old (13.5% to 3.5%, p < 0.0001), African Americans (8.9 to 2.1%, p < 0.0001), and those in high-poverty neighborhoods (7.1 to 2.1%, p < 0.0001). Following ME, all patients with Stage I-III disease were more likely to receive surgery (OR = 1.95; 95%: CI 1.21–3.14)—especially the extremely impoverished (OR = 2.39; 95% CI 1.41–4.02). Young patients with Stage IV colon cancer were more likely to receive chemotherapy (OR-1.6; 95% CI 1.03–2.4). Patients with Stage IV colon cancer were less likely to receive treatment within 30 days of diagnosis (OR = 0.7; 95% CI 0.5–0.9), but, on subset analysis, this was only observed in non-Medicaid patients. Conclusion: ME is associated with increased treatment for patients with colon cancer, and it did not appear to affect time to treatment. However, it seems to affect different subsets of the population differently.

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Microrna 133a Regulates Squalene Epoxidase Expression In Colorectal Cancer Cells To Control Cell Proliferation And Cholesterol Production, Ji Su Mo, Santosh Lamichhane, Grinsun Sharma, Soo Cheon Chae Jan 2025

Microrna 133a Regulates Squalene Epoxidase Expression In Colorectal Cancer Cells To Control Cell Proliferation And Cholesterol Production, Ji Su Mo, Santosh Lamichhane, Grinsun Sharma, Soo Cheon Chae

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background/Objectives: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with high incidence and mortality rates. MicroRNAs are endogenous and non-coding RNAs that play a pivotal role in the development and progression of various cancers by targeting specific genes. Previously, we identified MIR133A to be significantly decreased in human CRC tissues. This study aims to identify the relationship with SQLE, one of the candidate target genes of MIR133A, and study their interaction in CRC cells. Methods: Through the luciferase reporter assay, quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR), and Western blot analysis. Results: We identified SQLE as a direct target gene of …

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Recurrent And Metastatic Head And Neck Cancer: Mechanisms Of Treatment Failure, Treatment Paradigms, And New Horizons, William T. Barham, Marshall Patrick Stagg, Rula Mualla, Michael Dileo, Sagar Kansara Jan 2025

Recurrent And Metastatic Head And Neck Cancer: Mechanisms Of Treatment Failure, Treatment Paradigms, And New Horizons, William T. Barham, Marshall Patrick Stagg, Rula Mualla, Michael Dileo, Sagar Kansara

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Head and neck cancer is a deadly disease with over 500,000 cases annually worldwide. Metastatic head and neck cancer accounts for a large proportion of the mortality associated with this disease. Many advances have been made in our understanding of the mechanisms of metastasis. The application of immunotherapy to locally recurrent or metastatic head and neck cancer has not only improved oncologic outcomes but has also provided valuable insights into the mechanisms of immune evasion and ultimately treatment failure. Objectives: This review paper will review our current understanding of biological mechanisms of treatment failure and metastasis. Published and ongoing …

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Case Report: Disseminated Herpes Simplex Virus Complicated By Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis In A Neonate, Nicholas Tadros, Nihal Godiwala Jan 2025

Case Report: Disseminated Herpes Simplex Virus Complicated By Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis In A Neonate, Nicholas Tadros, Nihal Godiwala

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection carries a high mortality rate due to its potential to cause disseminated disease involving multiple organ systems, which can rapidly progress to shock and death if not promptly treated. In rare cases, neonates may mount an uncontrolled inflammatory response leading to hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), a severe hyperinflammatory syndrome. We present a case of neonatal HSV infection complicated by HLH, highlighting the challenges of managing both conditions concurrently. Our therapeutic approach demonstrated a reduction in systemic inflammation and viral load; however, despite these efforts, the patient developed multiorgan failure and ultimately died from the initial …

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Multi-Modal Neo-Adjuvant Anti-Obesity Medications May Be More Effective Than Medically Supervised Weight Loss Or Glp-1 Therapy Alone In Preparing Bmi ≥ 70 Patients For Metabolic Surgery, Michael Kachmar, Florina Corpodean, Iryna Popiv, Kyle B. Lapenna, Denise M. Danos, Michael W. Cook, Brian A. Saunders, Jean J. Domercant, Vance L. Albaugh, Philip R. Schauer Jan 2025

Multi-Modal Neo-Adjuvant Anti-Obesity Medications May Be More Effective Than Medically Supervised Weight Loss Or Glp-1 Therapy Alone In Preparing Bmi ≥ 70 Patients For Metabolic Surgery, Michael Kachmar, Florina Corpodean, Iryna Popiv, Kyle B. Lapenna, Denise M. Danos, Michael W. Cook, Brian A. Saunders, Jean J. Domercant, Vance L. Albaugh, Philip R. Schauer

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background/objectives: Optimizing patients with a body mass index (BMI) ≥ 70 kg/m² for metabolic surgery (MS) is challenging. However, pre-operative weight loss may be important for improving the safety of MS for these high-risk patients. Multi-modal anti-obesity medications (mmAOM) may enhance preoperative weight loss compared to non-pharmacologic medically supervised weight loss (NP-MSWL) or glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist monotherapy (Mono-GLP-1) alone. Subjects/methods: This retrospective study analyzed 113 patients with BMI ≥ 70 kg/m² at a single metabolic disease treatment institute. Interventions/methods: Patients were categorized into NP-MSWL (n = 13), Mono-GLP-1 (n = 54), and mmAOM (n = 46) groups. The primary …

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Novel Digital Anomalies, Hippocampal Atrophy, And Mutations Expand The Genotypic And Phenotypic Spectra Of Cnksr2 In The Houge Type Of X-Linked Syndromic Intellectual Development Disorder (Mrxshg), Mohammad Reza Ghasemi, Sahand Tehrani Fateh, Afif Ben-Mahmoud, Vijay Gupta, Lara G. Stühn, Gaetan Lesca, Nicolas Chatron, Konrad Platzer, Patrick Edery, Hossein Sadeghi, Bertrand Isidor, Benjamin Cogné, Heidi L. Schulz, Ilona Krauspe-Stübecke, Radhakrishnan Periyasamy, Sheela Nampoothiri, Reza Mirfakhraie, Sahar Alijanpour, Steffen Syrbe, Ulrich Pfeifer, Stephanie Spranger, Kathrin Grundmann-Hauser, Tobias B. Haack, Maria T. Papadopoulou, Tayrine Da Silva Gonçalves, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Seyed Hassan Tonekaboni, Yves Lacassie, Et Al Dec 2024

Novel Digital Anomalies, Hippocampal Atrophy, And Mutations Expand The Genotypic And Phenotypic Spectra Of Cnksr2 In The Houge Type Of X-Linked Syndromic Intellectual Development Disorder (Mrxshg), Mohammad Reza Ghasemi, Sahand Tehrani Fateh, Afif Ben-Mahmoud, Vijay Gupta, Lara G. Stühn, Gaetan Lesca, Nicolas Chatron, Konrad Platzer, Patrick Edery, Hossein Sadeghi, Bertrand Isidor, Benjamin Cogné, Heidi L. Schulz, Ilona Krauspe-Stübecke, Radhakrishnan Periyasamy, Sheela Nampoothiri, Reza Mirfakhraie, Sahar Alijanpour, Steffen Syrbe, Ulrich Pfeifer, Stephanie Spranger, Kathrin Grundmann-Hauser, Tobias B. Haack, Maria T. Papadopoulou, Tayrine Da Silva Gonçalves, Eleni Panagiotakaki, Alexis Arzimanoglou, Seyed Hassan Tonekaboni, Yves Lacassie, Et Al

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The Houge type of X-linked syndromic intellectual developmental disorder (MRXSHG) encompasses a spectrum of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by intellectual disability (ID), language/speech delay, attention issues, and epilepsy. These conditions arise from hemizygous or heterozygous deletions, along with point mutations, affecting CNKSR2, a gene located at Xp22.12. CNKSR2, also known as CNK2 or MAGUIN, functions as a synaptic scaffolding molecule within the neuronal postsynaptic density (PSD) of the central nervous system. It acts as a link connecting postsynaptic structural proteins, such as PSD95 and S-SCAM, by employing multiple functional domains crucial for synaptic signaling and protein–protein interactions. Predominantly expressed in dendrites, …

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Influence Of Antibody–Drug Conjugate Cleavability, Drug-To-Antibody Ratio, And Free Payload Concentration On Systemic Toxicities: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Shou Ching Tang, Carrie Wynn, Tran Le, Martin Mccandless, Yunxi Zhang, Ritesh Patel, Nita Maihle, William Hillegass Dec 2024

Influence Of Antibody–Drug Conjugate Cleavability, Drug-To-Antibody Ratio, And Free Payload Concentration On Systemic Toxicities: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Shou Ching Tang, Carrie Wynn, Tran Le, Martin Mccandless, Yunxi Zhang, Ritesh Patel, Nita Maihle, William Hillegass

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

While in theory antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) deliver high-dose chemotherapy directly to target cells, numerous side effects are observed in clinical practice. We sought to determine the effect of linker design (cleavable versus non-cleavable), drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR), and free payload concentration on systemic toxicity. Two systematic reviews were performed via PubMed search of clinical trials published between January 1998—July 2022. Eligible studies: (1) clinical trial for cancer therapy in adults, (2) ≥ 1 study arm included a single-agent ADC, (3) ADC used was commercially available/FDA-approved. Data was extracted and pooled using generalized linear mixed effects logistic models. 40 clinical trials …

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Decoding Ras Mutations In Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Unveils Specific Links To Distant Metastasis And Increased Mortality, Isabel Riccio, Alexandra Laforteza, Madeleine B. Landau, Mohammad H. Hussein, Joshua Linhuber, Jonathan Staav, Peter P. Issa, Eman A. Toraih, Emad Kandil Dec 2024

Decoding Ras Mutations In Thyroid Cancer: A Meta-Analysis Unveils Specific Links To Distant Metastasis And Increased Mortality, Isabel Riccio, Alexandra Laforteza, Madeleine B. Landau, Mohammad H. Hussein, Joshua Linhuber, Jonathan Staav, Peter P. Issa, Eman A. Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background/objectives: RAS mutations are common in thyroid cancer, but their impact on clinical outcomes remains controversial. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of RAS mutations in thyroid cancer and their association with various clinical and pathological features. Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies reporting on RAS mutations in thyroid cancer. Both one-arm and pairwise meta-analyses were performed to compare outcomes between RAS-mutated (RAS+) and wild-type (RAS-) thyroid cancers. Results: Our analysis included 2552 thyroid cancer patients from 17 studies. The overall prevalence of RAS mutations was 35.4 % (95 % CI: 22.7 %–50.7 %). NRAS …

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Unilateral Hemicraniectomy With Titanium Cranioplasty For The Treatment Of High Intracranial Pressure In A Pediatric Patient With Camurati-Engelmann Disease: Illustrative Case, Roboan Guillen-Arguello, Nicholas Sader, J. Gordon Mccomb Dec 2024

Unilateral Hemicraniectomy With Titanium Cranioplasty For The Treatment Of High Intracranial Pressure In A Pediatric Patient With Camurati-Engelmann Disease: Illustrative Case, Roboan Guillen-Arguello, Nicholas Sader, J. Gordon Mccomb

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND Camurati-Engelmann disease (CED) is an extremely rare autosomal dominant genetic disorder that can cause increased intracranial pressure (ICP) secondary to cranial hyperostosis, which decreases intracranial volume. Surgical procedures to reduce ICP in medically refractory cases include intracranial volume expansion and ventriculoperitoneal shunting. OBSERVATIONS The authors present the case of a pediatric patient with CED and medically refractory increased ICP who underwent unilateral hemicraniectomy with titanium cranioplasty, resulting in a complete long-term resolution of symptoms. LESSONS Unilateral hemicraniectomy with titanium cranioplasty is a feasible surgical treatment for CED in pediatric patients with medically refractory increased ICP and papilledema.

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Comparative Efficacy, Safety, And Oncological Outcomes Of Percutaneous Thermal And Chemical Ablation Modalities For Recurrent Metastatic Cervical Lymphadenopathy From Thyroid Cancer, Eman A. Toraih, Siva Paladugu, Rami M. Elshazli, Mohammad M. Hussein, Hassan Malik, Humza Pirzadah, Ahmed Abdelmaksoud, Salem I. Noureldine, Emad Kandil Dec 2024

Comparative Efficacy, Safety, And Oncological Outcomes Of Percutaneous Thermal And Chemical Ablation Modalities For Recurrent Metastatic Cervical Lymphadenopathy From Thyroid Cancer, Eman A. Toraih, Siva Paladugu, Rami M. Elshazli, Mohammad M. Hussein, Hassan Malik, Humza Pirzadah, Ahmed Abdelmaksoud, Salem I. Noureldine, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Thermal and chemical ablation techniques may consolidate recurrent metastatic cervical lymph nodes as alternatives to repeat neck dissection in thyroid cancer patients. This meta-analysis aims to compare the efficacy and safety across modalities. Methods: Four databases were searched for studies on radiofrequency (RFA), microwave (MWA), laser (LA), and ethanol ablation (EA) treating metastatic cervical nodes from thyroid cancer. The outcomes analyzed included treatment response, oncologic control, and complications. Random effects meta-analytical pooling was conducted. Results: There were 25 studies (n = 1061 nodes) examining the four ablation methods. Patients showed comparable baseline characteristics and initial lymph node sizes ranging …

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Unraveling The Link Between Language Barriers And Cancer Risk, Eman A. Toraih, Mohammad H. Hussein, Manal S. Malik, Alaa N. Malik, Emad Kandil, Manal S. Fawzy Dec 2024

Unraveling The Link Between Language Barriers And Cancer Risk, Eman A. Toraih, Mohammad H. Hussein, Manal S. Malik, Alaa N. Malik, Emad Kandil, Manal S. Fawzy

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Purpose: Clear patient communication with the physician is an integral aspect of cancer treatment and successful health outcomes. Previous research has shown improved cancer screening in cases of patient navigator assistance to limited English proficient patients, but no research has analyzed the relationship between language isolation and cancer incidence rates in the United States. Methods: Using state-level data from the United States Census Bureau and the National Cancer Institute, we analyzed the correlations between language isolation and age-adjusted incidence rates across 19 different invasive cancers. Results: A complex relationship between language isolation and cancer incidence rates was found. States such …

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Association Of Unmet Social Needs With Disease-Related Outcomes In Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Disease, Molly Sonenklar, Sarah Marks, Cerelia Donald, Cecelia Valrie, Wally Smith, India Sisler Dec 2024

Association Of Unmet Social Needs With Disease-Related Outcomes In Pediatric Patients With Sickle Cell Disease, Molly Sonenklar, Sarah Marks, Cerelia Donald, Cecelia Valrie, Wally Smith, India Sisler

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Social determinants of health (SDoH) are socioeconomic factors that influence health and well-being, though when unmet can greatly contribute to health disparities. Individuals with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at increased risk of mortality, disability, and healthcare utilization. However, there are limited data linking specific social needs with disease outcomes in this population. Therefore, we sought to identify the unmet needs in one institution and their association with healthcare utilization. Methods: Children with SCD and their guardians answered demographic and SDoH questionnaires during routine Sickle Cell Clinic appointments. We defined an unmet social need as any positive answer to …

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Multicenter Clinical Performance Evaluation Of The Neumodx™ Ct/Ng Assay 2.0, B. Van Der Pol, A. Avery, Stephanie N. Taylor, J. Miller, C. L. Emery, A. English, G. B. Lazenby, Rebecca Lillis, J. Ruth, D. Young, S. Young, S. Chavoustie, L. Crane, V. Reid, G. Wall, S. Johnson Dec 2024

Multicenter Clinical Performance Evaluation Of The Neumodx™ Ct/Ng Assay 2.0, B. Van Der Pol, A. Avery, Stephanie N. Taylor, J. Miller, C. L. Emery, A. English, G. B. Lazenby, Rebecca Lillis, J. Ruth, D. Young, S. Young, S. Chavoustie, L. Crane, V. Reid, G. Wall, S. Johnson

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Given the continued increases in rates of both Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) infection, additional diagnostic assays may be useful in increasing access to testing for these sexually transmitted infections. We evaluated the performance of the NeuMoDx™ CT/NG Assay 2.0 on the NeuMoDx-96 and NeuMoDx-288 Molecular Systems. Methods: The clinical sensitivity and specificity of the assay was assessed when used with: 1) endocervical swabs; 2) self-, and clinician-collected vaginal swabs; and 3) first-catch urine specimens (female and male). Results were compared to a patient infection status based on US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-cleared assays. Results: The …

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Impact Of Chatgpt And Large Language Models On Radiology Education: Association Of Academic Radiology-Radiology Research Alliance Task Force White Paper, David H. Ballard, Alexander Antigua-Made, Emily Barre, Elizabeth Edney, Emile B. Gordon, Linda Kelahan, Taha Lodhi, Jonathan G. Martin, Melis Ozkan, Kevin Serdynski, Bradley Spieler, Daphne Zhu, Scott J. Adams Nov 2024

Impact Of Chatgpt And Large Language Models On Radiology Education: Association Of Academic Radiology-Radiology Research Alliance Task Force White Paper, David H. Ballard, Alexander Antigua-Made, Emily Barre, Elizabeth Edney, Emile B. Gordon, Linda Kelahan, Taha Lodhi, Jonathan G. Martin, Melis Ozkan, Kevin Serdynski, Bradley Spieler, Daphne Zhu, Scott J. Adams

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Generative artificial intelligence, including large language models (LLMs), holds immense potential to enhance healthcare, medical education, and health research. Recognizing the transformative opportunities and potential risks afforded by LLMs, the Association of Academic Radiology-Radiology Research Alliance convened a task force to explore the promise and pitfalls of using LLMs such as ChatGPT in radiology. This white paper explores the impact of LLMs on radiology education, highlighting their potential to enrich curriculum development, teaching and learning, and learner assessment. Despite these advantages, the implementation of LLMs presents challenges, including limits on accuracy and transparency, the risk of misinformation, data privacy issues, …

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Id1 And Id3 Functions In The Modulation Of The Tumour Immune Microenvironment In Adult Patients With B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, Nathaly Poveda-Garavito, Carlos A. Orozco Castaño, Yulieth Torres-Llanos, Nataly Cruz-Rodriguez, Rafael Parra-Medina, Sandra Quijano, Jovanny Zabaleta, Alba Lucia Combita Nov 2024

Id1 And Id3 Functions In The Modulation Of The Tumour Immune Microenvironment In Adult Patients With B-Cell Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia, Nathaly Poveda-Garavito, Carlos A. Orozco Castaño, Yulieth Torres-Llanos, Nataly Cruz-Rodriguez, Rafael Parra-Medina, Sandra Quijano, Jovanny Zabaleta, Alba Lucia Combita

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) in adults often presents a poor prognosis. ID1 and ID3 genes have been identified as predictors of poor response in Colombian adult B-ALL patients, contributing to cancer development. In various cancer models, these genes have been associated with immune regulatory populations within the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). B-ALL progression alters immune cell composition and the bone marrow (BM) microenvironment, impacting disease progression and therapy response. This study investigates the relationship between ID1 and ID3 expression, TIME dynamics, and immune evasion mechanisms in adult B-ALL patients. Methods: This exploratory study analysed BM samples from 10 …

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American Society For Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery Review Of Body Composition, Jonathan Carter, Farah Husain, Pavlos Papasavas, Salvatore Docimo, Vance Albaugh, Laura Aylward, Cynthia Blalock, Sue Benson-Davies Nov 2024

American Society For Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery Review Of Body Composition, Jonathan Carter, Farah Husain, Pavlos Papasavas, Salvatore Docimo, Vance Albaugh, Laura Aylward, Cynthia Blalock, Sue Benson-Davies

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Although the body mass index (BMI) has been used as a measure of obesity for decades, it is now possible to measure adiposity more directly with technologies that can quantitate body fat and other tissues. The purpose of this review is to understand body composition, describe the different ways to measure it, review changes in body composition after metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS), and provide guidance on how providers can introduce measurements of body composition into their everyday practice.

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American Society For Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery Review Of The Body Mass Index, Jonathan Carter, Farah Husain, Pavlos Papasavas, Salvatore Docimo, Vance Albaugh, Laura Aylward, Cynthia Blalock, Sue Benson-Davies Nov 2024

American Society For Metabolic And Bariatric Surgery Review Of The Body Mass Index, Jonathan Carter, Farah Husain, Pavlos Papasavas, Salvatore Docimo, Vance Albaugh, Laura Aylward, Cynthia Blalock, Sue Benson-Davies

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The body mass index was first described almost 200 years ago and has since been used as a measure of obesity. This review describes the history, advantages, disadvantages, and alternatives to the body mass index in the care of the metabolic and bariatric surgical patient.

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Limosilactobacillus Reuteri Ameliorates Maternal Separation Stress In Newborn Mice And Alters Subsequent Adult Behaviour, Z. M. Saleh, B. Okeugo, V. R. Venna, F. W. Blixt, V. A. Quaicoe, E. S. Park, S. Giorgberidze, Meng Luo, Christopher M. Taylor, J. M. Rhoads, Y. Liu Nov 2024

Limosilactobacillus Reuteri Ameliorates Maternal Separation Stress In Newborn Mice And Alters Subsequent Adult Behaviour, Z. M. Saleh, B. Okeugo, V. R. Venna, F. W. Blixt, V. A. Quaicoe, E. S. Park, S. Giorgberidze, Meng Luo, Christopher M. Taylor, J. M. Rhoads, Y. Liu

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Maternal separation (MS) in mice results in behavioral deficits and gut microbiota dysbiosis that all persist into adulthood. Limosilactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 modulates gut microbiota, alters systemic metabolites, and facilitates immune regulation. To assess the effect of DSM 17938 on biochemical and behavioural stress-associated changes, newborn mice were exposed to unpredictable MS (MSU) daily from day 7 to day 20 of life, with intragastric administration of DSM 17938 or PBS as control. Body weight, brain levels of cholecystokinin (CCK), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), corticosterone, and stool microbiota were assessed at day 21. Behaviour tests including Y-maze (YMT), Tail Suspension …

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Predicting Severe Covid-19 Using Readily Available Admission Indicators: Spo2/Fio2 Ratio, Comorbidity Index, And Gender, Luan D. Vu, Rebecca C. Christofferson, Hollis R. O’Neal, Diana Hamer, Anh T.Q. Phan, Katie M. Vance, E. A. Turner, Avinash Kumar, Ibrahim Musa Yola, Natalie Lim, Beverly Ogden, Stephania A. Cormier Nov 2024

Predicting Severe Covid-19 Using Readily Available Admission Indicators: Spo2/Fio2 Ratio, Comorbidity Index, And Gender, Luan D. Vu, Rebecca C. Christofferson, Hollis R. O’Neal, Diana Hamer, Anh T.Q. Phan, Katie M. Vance, E. A. Turner, Avinash Kumar, Ibrahim Musa Yola, Natalie Lim, Beverly Ogden, Stephania A. Cormier

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The focus of this study was to identify risk factors for severe and critical COVID-19, evaluate local respiratory immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection, and develop a prognostic tool for COVID-19 severity using accessible early indicators. Using nasopharyngeal swab samples from hospitalized patients with COVID-19 of varying severity during the first wave of the pandemic from March to May 2020 in Louisiana, we evaluated the association between COVID-19 severity and viral load, respiratory immune mediators, and demographic/clinical factors. We found that the SpO2/FiO2 ratio at triage, total comorbidity burden (represented by Charlson Comorbidity Index), and gender were significantly associated with COVID-19 …

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Fgf21 Acts In The Brain To Drive Macronutrient-Specific Changes In Behavioral Motivation And Brain Reward Signaling, Md Shahjalal H. Khan, Sora Q. Kim, Robert C. Ross, Florina Corpodean, Redin A. Spann, Diana A. Albarado, Sun O. Fernandez-Kim, Blaise Clarke, Hans Rudolf Berthoud, Heike Münzberg, David H. Mcdougal, Yanlin He, Sangho Yu, Vance L. Albaugh, Paul L. Soto, Christopher D. Morrison Nov 2024

Fgf21 Acts In The Brain To Drive Macronutrient-Specific Changes In Behavioral Motivation And Brain Reward Signaling, Md Shahjalal H. Khan, Sora Q. Kim, Robert C. Ross, Florina Corpodean, Redin A. Spann, Diana A. Albarado, Sun O. Fernandez-Kim, Blaise Clarke, Hans Rudolf Berthoud, Heike Münzberg, David H. Mcdougal, Yanlin He, Sangho Yu, Vance L. Albaugh, Paul L. Soto, Christopher D. Morrison

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: Dietary protein restriction induces adaptive changes in food preference, increasing protein consumption over carbohydrates or fat. We investigated whether motivation and reward signaling underpin these preferences. Methods and Results: In an operant task, protein-restricted male mice responded more for liquid protein rewards, but not carbohydrate, fat, or sweet rewards compared to non-restricted mice. When the number of responses required to access protein reward varied, protein-restricted mice exhibited higher operant responses at moderate to high response requirements. The protein restriction-induced increase in operant responding for protein was absent in Fgf21-KO mice and mice with neuron-specific deletion of the FGF21 co-receptor …

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Personality Feedback With Tailored Self-Care Recommendations Improves Self-Efficacy For Cancer Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Laura M. Perry, Brenna Mossman, Sofia F. Garcia, Sheetal M. Kircher, Addison Dunn, Sarah Alonzi, Sanjana Easwar, Michael Hoerger Nov 2024

Personality Feedback With Tailored Self-Care Recommendations Improves Self-Efficacy For Cancer Management: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Laura M. Perry, Brenna Mossman, Sofia F. Garcia, Sheetal M. Kircher, Addison Dunn, Sarah Alonzi, Sanjana Easwar, Michael Hoerger

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Objective: To test whether a personality feedback intervention improves three domains of cancer self-management: self-awareness, self-efficacy, and positive affect. Methods: From 11/2020-02/2021, 372 adults diagnosed with cancer participated in a randomized controlled trial (RCT) of an intervention that entailed reading a brief personality-related excerpt during an online survey. Eligibility included self-reported age ≥ 18 years, current or past cancer diagnosis, and ability to read English. The survey included a baseline assessment with a personality questionnaire, then randomized participants to one of two groups. The intervention group (n = 184) received a personality feedback report with tailored self-care tips, whereas the …

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Life Course Stressors, Latent Coping Strategies, Alcohol Use, And Adherence Among People With Hiv, Amrita Gill, Gretchen Clum, Patricia Molina, David Welsh, Tekeda Ferguson, Katherine P. Theall Nov 2024

Life Course Stressors, Latent Coping Strategies, Alcohol Use, And Adherence Among People With Hiv, Amrita Gill, Gretchen Clum, Patricia Molina, David Welsh, Tekeda Ferguson, Katherine P. Theall

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

People with HIV (PWH) have often experienced chronic stressors across their lifespan, including adverse childhood experiences (ACES), lifetime economic hardship (LEH), and concurrent stressors associated with living in urban areas (urban stress). Prolonged exposure to stressors might result in differential coping patterns among PWH that can impact care trajectories. We utilized a life course-informed approach to examine chronic stressors as antecedents of latent coping strategies among PWH in care. High-risk alcohol use and non-adherence to anti-retroviral therapy (ART) were examined as consequences of latent coping strategies. Data were utilized from the baseline and interim follow-up visit of the New Orleans …

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Motivators And Barriers To Help-Seeking And Treatment Adherence In Major Depressive Disorder: A Patient Perspective, Rahn K. Bailey, Kristin M. Clemens, Bex Portela, Hannah Bowrey, Samantha N. Pfeiffer, Gabrielle Geonnotti, Anna Riley, Jay Sminchak, Susan Lakey Kevo, Ronaldo R. Naranjo Nov 2024

Motivators And Barriers To Help-Seeking And Treatment Adherence In Major Depressive Disorder: A Patient Perspective, Rahn K. Bailey, Kristin M. Clemens, Bex Portela, Hannah Bowrey, Samantha N. Pfeiffer, Gabrielle Geonnotti, Anna Riley, Jay Sminchak, Susan Lakey Kevo, Ronaldo R. Naranjo

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Understanding patients’ lived experiences can identify knowledge gaps, informing better care. The objective of the study was to gain a better understanding of the lived experiences of patients from diverse backgrounds diagnosed with major depressive disorder (MDD). US patients aged ≥18 years who self-reported having MDD diagnosed by healthcare professionals (HCPs) completed demographic surveys and one-on-one (1:1) semi-structured interviews. Participants were recruited from a Patient Engagement Research Council and the study was classified as market research. Transcripts were evaluated with thematic analyses using the Braun and Clarke approach, quantifying theme frequencies across demographic categories. Among 14 interview respondents, key motivators …

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Determinants Of Salary Variation And The Gender Pay Gap: A Survey Of The American Association Of Hip And Knee Surgeons (Aahks) Surgeon Member Workforce, Prem N. Ramkumar, Jenna A. Bernstein, David C. Landy, David E. Demik, Justin T. Deen, Reena J. Olsen, Anna Cohen-Rosenblum Nov 2024

Determinants Of Salary Variation And The Gender Pay Gap: A Survey Of The American Association Of Hip And Knee Surgeons (Aahks) Surgeon Member Workforce, Prem N. Ramkumar, Jenna A. Bernstein, David C. Landy, David E. Demik, Justin T. Deen, Reena J. Olsen, Anna Cohen-Rosenblum

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: The increased emphasis on reimbursement, diversity, and burnout in hip and knee arthroplasty necessitates a foundational understanding of the surgeon workforce. The purpose of the study was to cross sectionally survey a representative sample of the AAHKS surgeon membership on the subject of salary, practice patterns, and demographic factors to establish a baseline framework for future advocacy efforts and initiatives. Methods: An online survey was sent to AAHKS members between December 20, 2022 and January 19, 2023. Surgeon demographic data, experience, practice geography and type, and annual case volume were solicited. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to describe …

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