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Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell

Articles 1771 - 1800 of 2014

Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties

Measures Of User Experience In A Streptococcal Pharyngitis And Pneumonia Clinical Decision Support Tools, D. Mann, M. Knaus, L. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, L. Rosen, T. Mcginn, J. Kannry Jan 2014

Measures Of User Experience In A Streptococcal Pharyngitis And Pneumonia Clinical Decision Support Tools, D. Mann, M. Knaus, L. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, L. Rosen, T. Mcginn, J. Kannry

Journal Articles

Objective: To understand clinician adoption of CDS tools as this may provide important insights for the implementation and dissemination of future CDS tools. Materials and Methods: Clinicians (n=168) at a large academic center were randomized into intervention and control arms to assess the impact of strep and pneumonia CDS tools. Intervention arm data were analyzed to examine provider adoption and clinical workflow. Electronic health record data were collected on trigger location, the use of each component and whether an antibiotic, other medication or test was ordered. Frequencies were tabulated and regression analyses were used to determine the association of tool …

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Mif: Mood Improving/Inhibiting Factor?, J. Bloom, Y. Al-Abed Jan 2014

Mif: Mood Improving/Inhibiting Factor?, J. Bloom, Y. Al-Abed

Journal Articles

Although major depressive disorder imposes a serious public health burden and affects nearly one in six individuals in developed countries over their lifetimes, there is still no consensus on its pathophysiology. Inflammation and cytokines have emerged as a promising new avenue in depression research, and, in particular, macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) has been shown to be significant in depression physiology. In this review we summarize current research on MIF and depression. We highlight the arguments for MIF as a pro-and antidepressant species and discuss the potential implications for therapeutics.

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Modulation Of Renin Angiotensin System Predominantly Alters Sclerotic Phenotype Of Glomeruli In Hivan, A. Plagov, X. Q. Lan, P. Rai, D. Kumar, R. Lederman, S. Rehman, A. Malhotra, G. H. Ding, P. N. Chander, P. C. Singhal Jan 2014

Modulation Of Renin Angiotensin System Predominantly Alters Sclerotic Phenotype Of Glomeruli In Hivan, A. Plagov, X. Q. Lan, P. Rai, D. Kumar, R. Lederman, S. Rehman, A. Malhotra, G. H. Ding, P. N. Chander, P. C. Singhal

Journal Articles

HIV-associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is a common complication of HIV-1 infection in patients with African ancestry in general and with APOL1 gene risk variants in particular. Although collapsing glomerulopathy is considered a hallmark of HIVAN, significant numbers of glomeruli in patients with HIVAN also display other variants of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). We propose that collapsed glomeruli as well as glomeruli with other variants of FSGS are manifestations of HIVAN and their prevalence depends on associated host factors. We explored the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) in the manifestation of any specific glomerular phenotype in HIVAN. To evaluate the role …

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A Multicenter Population-Based Effectiveness Study Of Teleintensive Care Unit-Directed Ventilator Rounds Demonstrating Improved Adherence To A Protective Lung Strategy, Decreased Ventilator Duration, And Decreased Intensive Care Unit Mortality, T. Kalb, J. Raikhelkar, S. Meyer, F. Ntimba, J. Thuli, M. J. Gorman, I. Kopec, C. Scurlock Jan 2014

A Multicenter Population-Based Effectiveness Study Of Teleintensive Care Unit-Directed Ventilator Rounds Demonstrating Improved Adherence To A Protective Lung Strategy, Decreased Ventilator Duration, And Decreased Intensive Care Unit Mortality, T. Kalb, J. Raikhelkar, S. Meyer, F. Ntimba, J. Thuli, M. J. Gorman, I. Kopec, C. Scurlock

Journal Articles

Purpose of the study: The purpose of the study is to determine if teleintensive care unit (ICU)-directed daily ventilator rounds improved adherence to lung protective ventilation (LPV), reduced ventilator duration ratio (VDR), and ICU mortality ratios. Method used: A retrospective observational longitudinal quarterly analysis of adherence to low tidal volume LPV (< 7.5 mL/kg predicted body weight; PaO2/fraction of inspired oxygen < 300), ventilator duration, and ICU mortality ratios (Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation IV-adjusted). The teleICU practice used Philips (Andover, MA) VISICU eCareManager (TM) (Andover, MA) platform, providing ICU care and process improvement. Results: Before ventilator rounds implementation, there was wide variation in hospital adherence to low tidal volume (29.5 +/- 18.2; range 10%-69%). Longitudinal improvement was seen across hospitals in the 3 Qs after implementation, reaching statistical significance by Q3 postimplementation (44.9 +/- 15.7; P < .002 by 2-tailed Fisher exact test), maintained at 2 subsequent Qs (48% and 52%; P < .001). Ventilator duration ratio also showed preimplementation variability (1.08 +/- .34; range 0.71-1.90). After implementation, absolute and significant mean VDR reduction was observed (0.92 +/- .28; -15.8%, P < .05). Intensive care unit mortality ratio demonstrated longitudinal improvement, reaching significance after the Q3 postimplementation (0.94 vs 0.67; P < .04), and this was sustained in the most recent Q analyzed (0.65; P < .03). Conclusions: Implementation of teleICU-directed ventilator rounds was associated with improved and durable adherence to LPV and significant reductions in both VDR and ICU mortality. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Inc. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3ol).

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Necrotizing Rpgn With Linear Anti Igg Deposits In A Patient With History Of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Case Report, N. Parekh, E. Epstein, S. El-Sayegh Jan 2014

Necrotizing Rpgn With Linear Anti Igg Deposits In A Patient With History Of Granulomatosis With Polyangiitis: A Case Report, N. Parekh, E. Epstein, S. El-Sayegh

Journal Articles

INTRODUCTION: Diagnosing the etiology of a rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is of vital importance to guide appropriate therapeutic management. This case highlights the complexity involved in establishing diagnosis when presentation is atypical. In certain cases diagnosis cannot be established based on clinical presentation or biopsy findings alone, and critical analysis of biopsy findings in context of clinical presentation is crucial to guide the clinical decision-making process. CASE PRESENTATION: A 47-year-old Hispanic male with history of granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) in remission on azathioprine, presented with fatigue and lethargy. Physical examination was unremarkable. Laboratory data revealed elevated creatinine and otherwise normal electrolytes. …

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Nf-Kappa B-To-Ap-1 Switch: A Mechanism Regulating Transition From Endothelial Barrier Injury To Repair In Endotoxemic Mice, G. Liu, X. B. Ye, E. J. Miller, S. F. Liu Jan 2014

Nf-Kappa B-To-Ap-1 Switch: A Mechanism Regulating Transition From Endothelial Barrier Injury To Repair In Endotoxemic Mice, G. Liu, X. B. Ye, E. J. Miller, S. F. Liu

Journal Articles

Endothelial barrier disruption is a hallmark of multiple organ injury (MOI). However, mechanisms governing the restoration of endothelial barrier function are poorly understood. Here, we uncovered an NF-kappa B-to-AP-1 switch that regulates the transition from barrier injury to repair following endotoxemic MOI. Endothelial NF-kappa B mediates barrier repair by inhibiting endothelial cell (EC) apoptosis. Blockade of endothelial NF-kappa B pathway activated the activator protein (AP)-1 pathway (NF-kappa B-to-AP-1 switch), which compensated for the anti-apoptotic and barrier-repair functions of NF-kappa B. The NF-kappa B-to-AP-1 switch occurred at 24 hours (injury to repair transition phase), but not at 48 hours (repair phase) …

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Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia In A Patient Initially Believed To Have Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, S. Altafi, A. Volfson, M. J. Mckinley Jan 2014

Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia In A Patient Initially Believed To Have Familial Adenomatous Polyposis, S. Altafi, A. Volfson, M. J. Mckinley

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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A Novel Mechanism Of B Cell-Mediated Immune Suppression Through Cd73 Expression And Adenosine Production, H. Kaku, K. F. Cheng, Y. Al-Abed, T. L. Rothstein Jan 2014

A Novel Mechanism Of B Cell-Mediated Immune Suppression Through Cd73 Expression And Adenosine Production, H. Kaku, K. F. Cheng, Y. Al-Abed, T. L. Rothstein

Journal Articles

Immune suppression by regulatory T cells and regulatory B cells is a critical mechanism to limit excess inflammation and autoimmunity. IL-10 is considered the major mediator of B cell induced immune suppression. We report a novel mechanism for immune suppression through adenosine generation by B cells. We identified a novel population of B cells that expresses CD73 as well as CD39, two ectoenzymes that together catalyze the extracellular dephosphorylation of adenine nucleotides to adenosine. Whereas CD39 expression is common among B cells, CD73 expression is not. Approximately 30-50% of B-1 cells (B220(+)CD23(-)) and IL-10 producing B (B10) cells (B220(+)CD5(+)CD1d(hi)) are …

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An Obligatory Role Of Nf-Kappa B In Mediating Bone Marrow Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cell Recruitment And Proliferation Following Endotoxemic Multiple Organ Injury In Mice, S. Z. Mao, X. B. Ye, G. Liu, D. M. Song, S. F. Liu Jan 2014

An Obligatory Role Of Nf-Kappa B In Mediating Bone Marrow Derived Endothelial Progenitor Cell Recruitment And Proliferation Following Endotoxemic Multiple Organ Injury In Mice, S. Z. Mao, X. B. Ye, G. Liu, D. M. Song, S. F. Liu

Journal Articles

Background: Recruitment of bone marrow derived endothelial progenitor cells (BMDEPCs) alleviates multiple organ injury (MOI) and improves outcomes. However, mechanisms mediating BMDEPC recruitment following septic MOI remain largely unknown. This study characterized the kinetics of BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation and defined the role of NF-kappa B in regulating BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation. Methods and Main Findings: Chimeric mice with an intact or disrupted NF-kappa B p50 gene and BMDEPC-restricted expression of green fluorescent protein were created and injected with LPS (2 mg/kg, i.p.). BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation in multiple organs were quantified. BMDEPC recruitment and proliferation are highly organ-dependent. Lungs …

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Perforation In A Patient With Stercoral Colitis And Diverticulosis: Who Did It?, V. R. Bhatt, S. Murukutla, J. Dipoce, S. Gustafson, D. Sarkany, K. Mody, W. D. Widmann, A. Gottesman Jan 2014

Perforation In A Patient With Stercoral Colitis And Diverticulosis: Who Did It?, V. R. Bhatt, S. Murukutla, J. Dipoce, S. Gustafson, D. Sarkany, K. Mody, W. D. Widmann, A. Gottesman

Journal Articles

Stercoral colitis with perforation of the colon is an uncommon, yet life-threatening cause of the acute abdomen. No one defining symptom exists for stercoral colitis; it may present asymptomatically or with vague symptoms. Diagnostic delay may result in perforation of the colon resulting in complications, even death. Moreover, stercoral perforation of the colon can also present with localized left lower quadrant abdominal pain masquerading as diverticulitis. Diverticular diseases and stercoral colitis share similar pathophysiology; furthermore, they may coexist, further complicating the diagnostic dilemma. The ability to decide the cause of perforation in a patient with both stercoral colitis and diverticulosis …

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Physician Clinical Management Strategies And Reasoning: A Cross-Sectional Survey Using Clinical Vignettes Of Eight Common Medical Admissions, K. L. Smith, S. Ashburn, J. A. Aminawung, M. Mann, J. S. Ross Jan 2014

Physician Clinical Management Strategies And Reasoning: A Cross-Sectional Survey Using Clinical Vignettes Of Eight Common Medical Admissions, K. L. Smith, S. Ashburn, J. A. Aminawung, M. Mann, J. S. Ross

Journal Articles

Background: Physicians often select clinical management strategies not strongly supported by evidence or guidelines. Our objective was to examine the likelihood of selecting, and rationale for pursuing, clinical management strategies with more or less guideline support among physicians using clinical vignettes of eight common medical admissions. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey using clinical vignettes of attending physicians and housestaff at one internal medicine program in New York City. Each clinical vignette included a brief clinical scenario and a varying number of clinical management strategies: diagnostic tests, consultations, and treatments, some of which had strong evidence or guideline support (Level …

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Pleural Innate Response Activator B Cells Protect Against Pneumonia Via A Gm-Csf-Igm Axis, G. F. Weber, B. G. Chousterman, I. Hilgendorf, C. S. Robbins, I. Theurl, L. M. S. Gerhardt, Y. Iwamoto, T. D. Quach, T. L. Rothstein, F. K. Swirski, +4 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Pleural Innate Response Activator B Cells Protect Against Pneumonia Via A Gm-Csf-Igm Axis, G. F. Weber, B. G. Chousterman, I. Hilgendorf, C. S. Robbins, I. Theurl, L. M. S. Gerhardt, Y. Iwamoto, T. D. Quach, T. L. Rothstein, F. K. Swirski, +4 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Pneumonia is a major cause of mortality worldwide and a serious problem in critical care medicine, but the immunophysiological processes that confer either protection or morbidity are not completely understood. We show that in response to lung infection, B1a B cells migrate from the pleural space to the lung parenchyma to secrete polyreactive emergency immunoglobulin M ( IgM). The process requires innate response activator (IRA) B cells, a transitional B1a-derived inflammatory subset which controls IgM production via autocrine granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) signaling. The strategic location of these cells, coupled with the capacity to produce GM-CSF-dependent IgM, ensures effective early …

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A Post-2011 Time Motion Study--The Authors' Reply, L. Block, R. Habicht, A. W. Wu, S. V. Desai, K. Wang, K. N. Silva, T. Niessen, N. Oliver, L. Feldman Jan 2014

A Post-2011 Time Motion Study--The Authors' Reply, L. Block, R. Habicht, A. W. Wu, S. V. Desai, K. Wang, K. N. Silva, T. Niessen, N. Oliver, L. Feldman

Journal Articles

No abstract provided.

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Rare Case Of Coronary To Pulmonary Vein Fistula With Coronary Steal Phenomenon, E. A. Barsoum, F. B. Saiful, D. Asti, R. Morcus, G. Khoueiry, J. Lafferty, D. A. Mccord Jan 2014

Rare Case Of Coronary To Pulmonary Vein Fistula With Coronary Steal Phenomenon, E. A. Barsoum, F. B. Saiful, D. Asti, R. Morcus, G. Khoueiry, J. Lafferty, D. A. Mccord

Journal Articles

Coronary artery fistulas are abnormal connections between coronary artery territories and cardiac chambers or major vessels, most of them are congenital. Patients with coronary artery fistula can be asymptomatic or present with different symptoms like angina. Cardiac computed tomography (CT) is one of the best modalities for diagnosis. We present an elderly patient that presented with angina symptoms, non invasive stress test was positive for ischemic heart disease, coronary angiogram could not reveal any obstructive lesions, but an abnormal branch of the left descending coronary artery (LAD), cardiac CT showed fistula that connect left anterior descending coronary artery to left …

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A Rare Case Of Double-Chambered Right Ventricle Associated With Ventricular Septal Defect And Congenital Absence Of The Pulmonary Valve, G. Khoueiry, T. Bhat, M. Tantray, M. Meghani, N. Abi Rafeh, M. Abdallah, W. Hoyek Jan 2014

A Rare Case Of Double-Chambered Right Ventricle Associated With Ventricular Septal Defect And Congenital Absence Of The Pulmonary Valve, G. Khoueiry, T. Bhat, M. Tantray, M. Meghani, N. Abi Rafeh, M. Abdallah, W. Hoyek

Journal Articles

Double-chambered right ventricle (DCRV) is a rare congenital heart disorder involving 2 different right ventricle (RV) pressure compartments that is often associated with ventricular septal defect (VSD). Usually, the obstruction is caused by an anomalous muscle bundle crossing the RV from the interventricular septum to the RV free wall. We are reporting a case of double-chambered right ventricle associated with ventricular septal defect and congenital absence of the pulmonary valve, a rare form of congenital infundibular pulmonary stenosis. In addition to ventricular septal defect, our patient had congenital absence of the pulmonary valve, which is very unusual and has never …

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Recognition Of Antigen-Specific B-Cell Receptors From Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients By Synthetic Antigen Surrogates, M. Sarkar, Y. Liu, J. Morimoto, H. Peng, C. Aquino, C. Rader, N. Chiorazzi, T. Kodadek Jan 2014

Recognition Of Antigen-Specific B-Cell Receptors From Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients By Synthetic Antigen Surrogates, M. Sarkar, Y. Liu, J. Morimoto, H. Peng, C. Aquino, C. Rader, N. Chiorazzi, T. Kodadek

Journal Articles

In patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), a single neoplastic antigen-specific B cell accumulates and overgrows other B cells, leading to immune deficiency. CLL is often treated with drugs that ablate all B cells, leading to further weakening of humoral immunity, and a more focused therapeutic strategy capable of targeting only the pathogenic B cells would represent a significant advance. One approach to this would be to develop synthetic surrogates of the CLL antigens allowing differentiation of the CLL cells and healthy B cells in a patient. Here, we describe nonpeptidic molecules capable of targeting antigen-specific B cell receptors with …

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Renin Angiotensin System Modulates Mtor Pathway Through At2r In Hivan, P. Rai, R. Lederman, S. Hague, S. Rehman, V. Kumar, K. Sataranatrajan, A. Malhotra, B. S. Kasinath, P. C. Singhal Jan 2014

Renin Angiotensin System Modulates Mtor Pathway Through At2r In Hivan, P. Rai, R. Lederman, S. Hague, S. Rehman, V. Kumar, K. Sataranatrajan, A. Malhotra, B. S. Kasinath, P. C. Singhal

Journal Articles

Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) has been reported to contribute to the development of HIV-associated nephropathy (HI VAN). We hypothesized that HIV may be activating renal tissue mTOR pathway through renin angiotensin system (RAS) via Angiotensin Receptor Type II receptor (AT2R). Renal tissues of Vpr transgenic and Tg26 (HIVAN) mice displayed enhanced phosphorylation of mTOR and p70S6K. Aliskiren, a renin inhibitor attenuated phosphotylation of both mTOR and p70S6K in renal tissues of HIVAN mice. Interestingly, Angiotensin Receptor Type I (AT1R) blockade did not modulate renal tissue phosphorylation of mTOR in HIVAN mice; on the other hand, AT2R blockade attenuated renal …

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Renin Modulates Hiv Replication In T Cells, N. Chandel, K. Ayasolla, X. Q. Lan, P. Rai, J. Mikulak, M. Husain, A. Malhotra, J. Mcgowan, P. C. Singhal Jan 2014

Renin Modulates Hiv Replication In T Cells, N. Chandel, K. Ayasolla, X. Q. Lan, P. Rai, J. Mikulak, M. Husain, A. Malhotra, J. Mcgowan, P. C. Singhal

Journal Articles

HIV is known to subvert cellular machinery to enhance its replication. Recently, HIV has been reported to enhance TC renin expression. We hypothesized that HIV induces and maintains high renin expression to promote its own replication in TCs. Renin enhanced HIV replication in TCs in a dose-dependent manner. (P)RR-deficient TCs, as well as those lacking renin, displayed attenuated NF-B activity and HIV replication. TCs treated with renin and Hpr displayed activation of the (P)RR-PLZF protein signaling cascade. Renin, HIV, and Hpr activated the PI3K pathway. Both renin and Hpr cleaved Agt (a renin substrate) to Ang I and also cleaved …

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Resident Knowledge Of Colorectal Cancer Screening Assessed By Web-Based Survey, S. Akerman, S. L. Aronson, M. A. Cerulli, M. Akerman, K. Sultan Jan 2014

Resident Knowledge Of Colorectal Cancer Screening Assessed By Web-Based Survey, S. Akerman, S. L. Aronson, M. A. Cerulli, M. Akerman, K. Sultan

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: To evaluate resident knowledge of colorectal cancer (CRC) screening guidelines and to define areas requiring attention. METHODS: A survey was created using three published guidelines for CRC screening. Program directors for internal medicine residency programs were contacted within the metro New York City area to have their residents participate. RESULTS: Five programs participated, and 115 responses were recorded. For the appropriate testing and interval to screen for CRC, 61/115 residents identified flexible sigmoidoscopy every 5 years, 108/115 identified colonoscopy every 10 years, 16/115 identified double contrast barium enema (DCBE) every 5 years and only 12/115 thought CT-colography every 5 …

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Resolution Of Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea After Treatment Of Anti-Muscle Kinase Receptor-Positive Myasthenia Gravis Despite 60-Pound Weight Gain, M. Morgenstern, E. Singas, B. Zleik, H. Greenberg Jan 2014

Resolution Of Severe Obstructive Sleep Apnea After Treatment Of Anti-Muscle Kinase Receptor-Positive Myasthenia Gravis Despite 60-Pound Weight Gain, M. Morgenstern, E. Singas, B. Zleik, H. Greenberg

Journal Articles

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG) may be caused by reduced pharyngeal dilator muscle activity. We report a patient with anti-muscle kinase receptor MG with severe OSA and hypoventilation that resolved upon successful treatment of MG despite a 60-lb weight gain.

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The Role Of Skin Trauma In The Distribution Of Morphea Lesions: A Cross-Sectional Survey Of The Morphea In Adults And Children Cohort Iv, D. Grabell, C. Hsieh, R. Andrew, K. Martires, A. Kim, R. Vasquez, H. Jacobe Jan 2014

The Role Of Skin Trauma In The Distribution Of Morphea Lesions: A Cross-Sectional Survey Of The Morphea In Adults And Children Cohort Iv, D. Grabell, C. Hsieh, R. Andrew, K. Martires, A. Kim, R. Vasquez, H. Jacobe

Journal Articles

Background: Skin trauma may play a role in the development of morphea lesions. The association between trauma and the distribution of cutaneous lesions has never been examined to our knowledge. Objective: We sought to determine whether patients enrolled in the Morphea in Adults and Children (MAC) cohort exhibit skin lesions distributed in areas of prior (isotopic) or ongoing (isomorphic) trauma. Methods: This was a cross-sectional analysis of the MAC cohort. Results: Of 329 patients in the MAC cohort, 52 (16%) had trauma-associated lesions at the onset of disease. Patients with lesions in an isotopic distribution had greater clinical severity as …

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Splenic B-1a Cells Expressing Cd138 Spontaneously Secrete Large Amounts Of Immunoglobulin In Naive Mice, N. E. Holodick, T. Vizconde, T. L. Rothstein Jan 2014

Splenic B-1a Cells Expressing Cd138 Spontaneously Secrete Large Amounts Of Immunoglobulin In Naive Mice, N. E. Holodick, T. Vizconde, T. L. Rothstein

Journal Articles

B-1a cells constitutively secrete natural antibody that provides immediate protection against microbial pathogens and functions homeostatically to speed removal of apoptotic cell debris. Although B-1a cells are especially prominent in the peritoneal and pleural cavities, some B-1a cells reside in the spleen. A small subset of splenic B-1a cells in naive, unimmunized mice express CD138, a recognized plasma cell antigen, whereas the bulk of splenic B-1a cells are CD138 negative. Splenic B-1a cells in toto have been shown to generate much more antibody per cell than peritoneal B-1a cells; however, specific functional information regarding CD138(+) splenic B-1a cells has been …

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Structure And Function Of Renal Macrophages And Dendritic Cells From Lupus-Prone Mice, R. Sahu, R. Bethunaickan, S. Singh, A. Davidson Jan 2014

Structure And Function Of Renal Macrophages And Dendritic Cells From Lupus-Prone Mice, R. Sahu, R. Bethunaickan, S. Singh, A. Davidson

Journal Articles

Objective. To characterize renal macrophages and dendritic cells (DCs) in 2 murine models of lupus nephritis. Methods. We used a bead-based enrichment step followed by cell sorting to isolate populations of interest from young mice and nephritic mice. Cell morphology was examined by microscopy. Arginase and nitrite production was examined using biochemical assays. The antigen-presenting functions of the cells were determined using mixed lymphocyte reactions. Selected cytokine, chemokine, and Toll-like receptor (TLR) profiles were examined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Results. We identified 2 populations of macrophages and 3 populations of DCs in both of our murine models of …

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Critical Periods Of Increased Fetal Vulnerability To A Maternal High Fat Diet, M. D. Plata, L. Williams, Y. Seki, K. Hartil, H. Kaur, C. L. Lin, A. Fiallo, A. S. Glenn, E. B. Katz, P. M. Vuguin, +2 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Critical Periods Of Increased Fetal Vulnerability To A Maternal High Fat Diet, M. D. Plata, L. Williams, Y. Seki, K. Hartil, H. Kaur, C. L. Lin, A. Fiallo, A. S. Glenn, E. B. Katz, P. M. Vuguin, +2 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Background: Fetal adaptations to high fat (HF) diet in utero (IU) that may predispose to Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) in adulthood include changes in fetal hepatic gene expression. Studies were performed to determine whether maternal exposure to HF diet at different stages during pregnancy had different effects on the fetus, including hepatic gene expression. Methods: Female wild type mice were fed either a HF or breeding chow (C) for 2 wks prior to mating. The experimental groups were composed of embryonic day (e) 18.5 fetuses obtained from WT female mice that were fed HF (HF, 35.5% fat) or breeding chow (C, …

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Evpedia: A Community Web Portal For Extracellular Vesicles Research, D. K. Kim, J. Lee, S. R. Kim, D. S. Choi, Y. J. Yoon, J. H. Kim, G. Go, L. Blanc, S. Sahoo, Y. S. Gho, +85 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Evpedia: A Community Web Portal For Extracellular Vesicles Research, D. K. Kim, J. Lee, S. R. Kim, D. S. Choi, Y. J. Yoon, J. H. Kim, G. Go, L. Blanc, S. Sahoo, Y. S. Gho, +85 Additional Authors

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MOTIVATION: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are spherical bilayered proteolipids, harboring various bioactive molecules. Due to the complexity of the vesicular nomenclatures and components, online searches for EV-related publications and vesicular components are currently challenging. RESULTS: We present an improved version of EVpedia, a public database for EVs research. This community web portal contains a database of publications and vesicular components, identification of orthologous vesicular components, bioinformatic tools and a personalized function. EVpedia includes 6879 publications, 172 080 vesicular components from 263 high-throughput datasets, and has been accessed more than 65 000 times from more than 750 cities. In addition, about 350 …

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Exploiting Pre-Rrna Processing In Diamond Blackfan Anemia Gene Discovery And Diagnosis, J. E. Farrar, P. Quarello, R. Fisher, K. A. O'Brien, A. Aspesi, S. Parrella, E. Atsidaftos, A. Vlachos, J. M. Lipton, S. R. Ellis, +9 Additional Authors Jan 2014

Exploiting Pre-Rrna Processing In Diamond Blackfan Anemia Gene Discovery And Diagnosis, J. E. Farrar, P. Quarello, R. Fisher, K. A. O'Brien, A. Aspesi, S. Parrella, E. Atsidaftos, A. Vlachos, J. M. Lipton, S. R. Ellis, +9 Additional Authors

Journal Articles

Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA), a syndrome primarily characterized by anemia and physical abnormalities, is one among a group of related inherited bone marrow failure syndromes (IBMFS) which share overlapping clinical features. Heterozygous mutations or single-copy deletions have been identified in 12 ribosomal protein genes in approximately 60% of DBA cases, with the genetic etiology unexplained in most remaining patients. Unlike many IBMFS, for which functional screening assays complement clinical and genetic findings, suspected DBA in the absence of typical alterations of the known genes must frequently be diagnosed after exclusion of other IBMFS. We report here a novel deletion in …

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In Utero Exposure To A Maternal High-Fat Diet Alters The Epigenetic Histone Code In A Murine Model, M. A. Suter, J. Ma, P. M. Vuguin, K. Hartil, A. Fiallo, R. A. Harris, M. J. Charron, K. M. Aagaard Jan 2014

In Utero Exposure To A Maternal High-Fat Diet Alters The Epigenetic Histone Code In A Murine Model, M. A. Suter, J. Ma, P. M. Vuguin, K. Hartil, A. Fiallo, R. A. Harris, M. J. Charron, K. M. Aagaard

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: Data from animal models show that in utero exposure to a maternal high-fat diet (HFD) renders susceptibility of these offspring to the adult onset of metabolic syndrome. We and others have previously shown that epigenetic modifications to histones may serve as a molecular memory of the in utero exposure, rendering the risk of adult disease. Because mice heterozygous for the Glut4 gene (insulin sensitive glucose transporter) born to wild-type (WT) mothers demonstrate exacterbated metabolic syndrome when exposed to an HFD in utero, we sought to analyze the genome-wide epigenetic changes that occur in the fetal liver in susceptible offspring. …

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P53-Independent Cell Cycle And Erythroid Differentiation Defects In Murine Embryonic Stem Cells Haploinsufficient For Diamond Blackfan Anemia-Proteins: Rps19 Versus Rpl5, S. A. Singh, T. A. Goldberg, A. L. Henson, S. Husain-Krautter, A. Nihrane, L. Blanc, S. R. Ellis, J. M. Lipton, J. M. Liu Jan 2014

P53-Independent Cell Cycle And Erythroid Differentiation Defects In Murine Embryonic Stem Cells Haploinsufficient For Diamond Blackfan Anemia-Proteins: Rps19 Versus Rpl5, S. A. Singh, T. A. Goldberg, A. L. Henson, S. Husain-Krautter, A. Nihrane, L. Blanc, S. R. Ellis, J. M. Lipton, J. M. Liu

Journal Articles

Diamond Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a rare inherited bone marrow failure syndrome caused by ribosomal protein haploinsufficiency. DBA exhibits marked phenotypic variability, commonly presenting with erythroid hypoplasia, less consistently with non-erythroid features. The p53 pathway, activated by abortive ribosome assembly, is hypothesized to contribute to the erythroid failure of DBA. We studied murine embryonic stem (ES) cell lines harboring a gene trap mutation in a ribosomal protein gene, either Rps19 or Rpl5. Both mutants exhibited ribosomal protein haploinsufficiency and polysome defects. Rps19 mutant ES cells showed significant increase in p53 protein expression, however, there was no similar increase in the …

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Second-Line Immunosuppressive Treatment Of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: A Single-Center Experience, J. Kim, N. Patnaik, N. Chorny, R. Frank, L. Infante, C. Sethna Jan 2014

Second-Line Immunosuppressive Treatment Of Childhood Nephrotic Syndrome: A Single-Center Experience, J. Kim, N. Patnaik, N. Chorny, R. Frank, L. Infante, C. Sethna

Journal Articles

OBJECTIVE: Most cases of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in childhood are responsive to corticosteroids. However, there is a small group of children that demonstrate steroid resistance (steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome; SRNS), steroid dependence, or that frequently relapse (frequent-relapse steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome; FR-SSNS) which are more clinically difficult to treat. Therefore, second-line immunosuppressants, such as alkylating agents, calcineurin inhibitors, antimetabolites and, more recently, rituximab, have been used with varying success. The objective was to evaluate the response rates of various second-line therapies in the treatment of childhood nephrotic syndrome. STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective chart review of pediatric subjects with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome was …

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User Centered Clinical Decision Support Tools: Adoption Across Clinician Training Level, L. J. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, J. Kannry, D. M. Mann, T. G. Mcginn Jan 2014

User Centered Clinical Decision Support Tools: Adoption Across Clinician Training Level, L. J. Mccullagh, A. Sofianou, J. Kannry, D. M. Mann, T. G. Mcginn

Journal Articles

BACKGROUND: Dissemination and adoption of clinical decision support (CDS) tools is a major initiative of the Affordable Care Act's Meaningful Use program. Adoption of CDS tools is multipronged with personal, organizational, and clinical settings factoring into the successful utilization rates. Specifically, the diffusion of innovation theory implies that 'early adopters' are more inclined to use CDS tools and younger physicians tend to be ranked in this category. OBJECTIVE: This study examined the differences in adoption of CDS tools across providers' training level. PARTICIPANTS: From November 2010 to 2011, 168 residents and attendings from an academic medical institution were enrolled into …

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