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Articles 481 - 508 of 508
Full-Text Articles in Medical Specialties
Storying The Body : Women's Narratives Through The Lens Of Breast Cancer, Janet A. Griffin
Storying The Body : Women's Narratives Through The Lens Of Breast Cancer, Janet A. Griffin
Theses : Honours
What can women's narratives contribute to our understanding of breast cancer and to feminist theories of the body? This thesis explores the meanings women construct to make sense of embodied experiences of breast cancer, and the profound experience of breast loss. Rich contextual data was elicited from in depth, guided conversations with five premenopausal women who have undergone mastectomy. Adopting feminist methodology, biographic-narrative was used to place the body at the heart of inquiry. This thesis explores the personal and theoretical meanings of mastectomy, embedded in the larger story of how these five women experience their breasts, throughout their lives. …
Developing And Testing A Pain Management Program For Family Caregivers Of Advanced Cancer Patients, Lynn Oldham
Developing And Testing A Pain Management Program For Family Caregivers Of Advanced Cancer Patients, Lynn Oldham
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
Increasingly, advanced cancer patients are receiving care in the community supported by families and hospice home care services. However, little or no preparation is provided to family caregivers who assume this supportive role, often 24 hours per day. Pain management is consistently identified by family caregivers as their primary concern related to care and support of a relative with cancer. This project involved a three-phase program of research to develop and test a pain management program (PMP) that would provide family caregivers of advanced cancer patients with information and skills to manage the patient's pain.
Placental Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma And Leptin Receptor In Human Pregnancy, Gwyneth H. Gladstones
Placental Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma And Leptin Receptor In Human Pregnancy, Gwyneth H. Gladstones
Theses : Honours
Leptin is a 16kDa peptide hormone that has recently been implicated in human reproductive processes. Like other hormones, leptin exerts its influence through its receptor. Of the three major isoforms of the receptor (OB-Ra, OB-Rb, and 0B-Re), OB-Ra (the dominant short form) has been implicated in transport processes within rat and human placentas, suggesting a role for it in implantation and pregnancy maintenance. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are ligand-dependent transcription factors that are a subfamily of nuclear hormone receptors. PPARs form heterodimers with another nuclear hormone receptor, RXRα, before binding to PPAR response elements (PPREs). Recently PPARϒ/RXRα heterodimers have …
General Practitioners' Attitudes To Palliative Care : A Regional Perspective, Richelle Lee-Steere
General Practitioners' Attitudes To Palliative Care : A Regional Perspective, Richelle Lee-Steere
Theses : Honours
The study explores regional general practitioners' attitudes to palliative care through semi- structured interviewing using a qualitative methodology. Attitudes to palliative care were examined using the general practitioners' accounts of their experiences and perceptions of caring for terminally ill patients. The participants were ten registered general practitioners located within the Greater Sunbury Division of General Practice in the South West of Western Australia. A semi-structured interview schedule containing ten open-ended questions was used to assess regional general practitioners' attitudes to palliative care. Examples of the research questions included: What are regional general practitioners' attitudes to palliative care? What supports are …
What Is The Relationship Between Activity, Social Support And Health-Related Quality Of Life In People Who Are Sixty Years Of Age And Older?, Jaqueline Ebbott
What Is The Relationship Between Activity, Social Support And Health-Related Quality Of Life In People Who Are Sixty Years Of Age And Older?, Jaqueline Ebbott
Theses : Honours
Over one third of individuals aged sixty years and older have health conditions which limit their ability to live an independent and active life. With the older Australian population increasing, the prevention of functional decline and preservation of wellbeing in this age group has become a major clinical focus in gerontology research. Therefore an important goal of health professionals is to identify behavioural factors which encourage wellbeing and quality of life in this age group. The purpose of the present study was to explore the importance of physical activity passive activity (activities such as craft, reading and board games) and …
The Use Of The Cognitive Status Examination In Detecting Cognitive Impairment In Elderly People, Geoff Mccann
The Use Of The Cognitive Status Examination In Detecting Cognitive Impairment In Elderly People, Geoff Mccann
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
Dementia is a growing social problem in Australia because as the population ages, the incidence of dementia increases. While the prevalence rates are only about I% at age 65, they double every five years until by 85 years of age the rate is over 24%. It is expected that by the year 2030, the number of elderly people with dementia will increase by 200%. Dementia is easily recognized in its advanced stages but can be overlooked in the early phase. Family members, care-givers and even the treating medical practitioner may mistakenly attribute the early decline in mental function to the …
Attitudes, Practices And Knowledge Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening Among Greek Women In The Area Of Perth, Panagiota Karnaki
Attitudes, Practices And Knowledge Regarding Cervical Cancer Screening Among Greek Women In The Area Of Perth, Panagiota Karnaki
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The purpose of this thesis is to study the attitudes, practices and knowledge of Greek women in Perth, Western Australia, regarding cervical cancer screening. This is important because no study has yet examined the cervical screening pattern of this group, despite their low participation rate in screening programs. Qualitative semi-structured interviews among 15 Greek women in Perth were used for data collection. Interviews were conducted both in English and Greek. Eight out of the 15 women interviewed did not participate in frequent screening and many had had only one Pap test in their life. Culture and religion influenced negative attitudes …
A Qualitative Study Of The Impact Of Hip Fracture In The Elderly Population, Stephanie Anne Price
A Qualitative Study Of The Impact Of Hip Fracture In The Elderly Population, Stephanie Anne Price
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The social, emotional and economic impact of falling in the elderly population is significant. Falls are the leading cause of injury related deaths and hospitalisation amongst people aged 65 years and older, a major factor in their morbidity and mortality rates. Post fall sequelae can have major ramifications that include reduction or avoidance of activities, attributable to an enduring fear of future falls. Twenty-three older people who had fallen in the community were located via hospital records and invited to participate in the study. Subjective accounts of the impact of falling and sustaining a hip fracture were obtained by means …
Investigation Of The Contractile And Regulatory Proteins In Malignant Hyperthermia And Normal Skeletal Muscle, Louise C. Norbury
Investigation Of The Contractile And Regulatory Proteins In Malignant Hyperthermia And Normal Skeletal Muscle, Louise C. Norbury
Theses : Honours
Malignant hyperthermia/hyperpyrexia (MH) is a serious human skeletal muscle disorder that manifests itself during general anaesthesia. Currently, the most reliable method of diagnosing this disease is the in-vitro contracture test (IVCT). This procedure is both highly invasive for the patient and expensive to perform. The skinned muscle fibre technique is less invasive, and could possibly be used as an alternative diagnostic test for MH. In this study, skeletal muscle samples were obtained from B adults (age 23-54 years) undergoing elective surgery at Royal Perth Hospital. Six patients were diagnosed as normal (controls) and two equivocal for MH (MHE). Using the …
Eye Health Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People: Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Health Reviews: Number 1, Neil Thomson, Beverley Paterson
Eye Health Of Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander People: Aboriginal And Torres Strait Islander Health Reviews: Number 1, Neil Thomson, Beverley Paterson
Research outputs pre 2011
As with many other aspects of health status, it is most probable that prior to the European settlement of Australia in 1788 the eye health of Australian Aborigines and Torres Strait Islanders was excellent. In fact. their eye health was almost certainly better than that of Europeans of the time. There are no definite data from early post-settlement times, but this conclusion appears reasonable from the results of a number of thorough surveys conducted as late as the 1940s and 1950s ( 1-4) Despite finding some severe preventable problems, particularly trachoma (a form of infective conjunctivitis - see Appendix l …
Factors Which Influence Women's Decisions For Choice Of Primary Surgery For Stage I And Stage Ii Breast Cancer, Barbara Mastaglia
Factors Which Influence Women's Decisions For Choice Of Primary Surgery For Stage I And Stage Ii Breast Cancer, Barbara Mastaglia
Theses : Honours
A descriptive correlational study was conducted to describe the factors that Western Australian women with either Stage I or Stage II Breast Cancer, perceived to be important considerations when deciding upon either Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM) or Breast Conserving Treatment (BCT) for surgical treatment. The Conflict Theory of Decision Making (Janis & Mann, 1977) was used as the theoretical framework to guide this study. Ward, Heidrich and Wolberg's (1989) Factor List, the Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) Scale (Wallston, Wallston & De Vellis, 1978) and a demographic questionnaire were used to measure variables. Questionnaires were mailed to a consecutive …
An Investigation Of A Theoretical Model Of Willingness To Donate Blood, Douglas Adam
An Investigation Of A Theoretical Model Of Willingness To Donate Blood, Douglas Adam
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The Australian Red Cross Blood Transfusion Service (ARCBTS) in Western Australian faces a major problem with periodic shortages of blood components. These shortages are expected to become more frequent and severe as demand continues to increase at a faster rate than supply. Given that only five percent of the population is registered as blood donors, clearly, the challenge for the ARCBTS is to encourage more people to become regular blood donors. The current study was undertaken to assist the ARCBTS in achieving this goal, by identifying and investigating the factors that influence people's willingness to donate blood. Based on the …
Health Educational Needs Of Middle Aged Men, Beth L. Hall
Health Educational Needs Of Middle Aged Men, Beth L. Hall
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The purpose of this non-experimental, quantitative descriptive study was to identify the holistic health educational needs of middle aged men and to consider nursing interventions. Between the ages of forty to sixty years, physical illness can coincide with a cluster of social changes as well as the normal developmental mid-life review. This can result in a prolonged period of physical and emotional stress (Berger, 1994). Mortality statistics demonstrate that, in comparison to women, men in the 25 to 64 age group have higher rates of suicide, motor vehicle accidents, work place injuries, ischaemic heart disease, non gender specific cancers, and …
What Is The Intimate Experience Of Couples Following The Woman's Cancer-Related Breast Surgery?, Lynne Amor
What Is The Intimate Experience Of Couples Following The Woman's Cancer-Related Breast Surgery?, Lynne Amor
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The purpose of this phenomenological study is to describe and interpret the experience of couples following the woman's surgery for breast cancer, in order to gain an in depth understanding of how this mutilating surgery affects their everyday lives. Breast cancer is the most prevalent form of cancer in Australian women, and in most industrialised nations. Women in Australia have a one in fourteen lifetime risk of developing the disease. Little is known concerning what meanings this surgery brings to the intimacy experienced between partners. It is important to seek knowledge of the phenomenon of intimacy, how the couples understand …
Locus Of Control And Self-Directed Learning As Predictors Of Well-Being In The Elderly, Deborah Gardner
Locus Of Control And Self-Directed Learning As Predictors Of Well-Being In The Elderly, Deborah Gardner
Theses : Honours
Elderly people who remain mentally and physically active are more likely to be happy than those who do not (George, 1980; Toscland & Sykes, I 977). Demographic factors have usually accounted for only a small amount of the variance in well-being (Diener, 1984 ). Internal control, personal growth and direction in life might have more to do with well-being than demographic or personality factors (Ryff, 1995). This study examined the theoretical relationship between locus of control and self-directed learning readiness in the elderly and the predictability of self reported well-being from an internal locus of control and a self-directed learning …
Nutritional Problems And Information Needs Of Patients Receiving Chemotherapy And Radiation Therapy, Margaret Joan Robinson
Nutritional Problems And Information Needs Of Patients Receiving Chemotherapy And Radiation Therapy, Margaret Joan Robinson
Theses : Honours
Nutritional status is a major factor in determining the successful outcome of treatment for cancer. The combined effect of cancer, and the treatment for cancer, has the potential to severely impair nutritional status. The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence and severity of treatment-related side-effects which affect nutritional status in cancer patients and to determine the sources and helpfulness of information about nutrition which had been utilised by patients. A descriptive study was used to investigate two groups of patients, one group who was receiving chemotherapy, and the other, radiation therapy. A questionnaire developed by the researcher …
The Lived Experience Of The Aged Care Nurse, Christine Martin
The Lived Experience Of The Aged Care Nurse, Christine Martin
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe and interpret the common, shared meanings of the experience of aged care nursing from the perspective of the registered nurse working in a nursing home. There are insufficient registered nurses being attracted into aged care, with resulting difficulties in maintaining regular staffing levels in nursing homes. Previous studies conducted in Australia have predominantly used quantitative research methods to investigate various influences QD the recruitment and retention of aged care nurses. These studies do not take into account the practitioners' perceptions of their experience of aged care nursing. A purposive sample of …
The Role Of Social Support Networks In The Independent Functioning Of Elderly Persons, Maree Gabbedy
The Role Of Social Support Networks In The Independent Functioning Of Elderly Persons, Maree Gabbedy
Theses : Honours
There is conclusive evidence which highlights the importance of physical and mental health in the ability of elderly persons to function within society, and elderly persons who require services to maintain their independence, are assumed to have lower levels of functioning than persons who do not apply for, or require assistance. Individuals, however, are rarely totally independent, as most people are involved in social networks, where the reciprocal exchange of money, emotional support, goods and services are exchanged with friends family and neighbours. This study, examined the role of social support networks in the independent functioning of the elderly, in …
A Phenomenological Study Of Infertility : The Couple's Perspective, M. Imeson
A Phenomenological Study Of Infertility : The Couple's Perspective, M. Imeson
Theses: Doctorates and Masters
The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe and interpret the experience of infertility from the perspective of infertile couples, in order to gain an in-depth understanding of how it affects their lives. Ten to twenty per cent of the global population share the experience of infertility, however, little is known of their experiences and perceptions related to infertility. Literature to date mainly focuses on the physiological effects of infertility and does not take into account the context in which the experience takes place, or the meanings that people assign to this experience. To be effective, health carers need …
Long Term Restoration Of Peak Torque, Endurance And Muscle Activation Post Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Darryl Alan Turner
Long Term Restoration Of Peak Torque, Endurance And Muscle Activation Post Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction, Darryl Alan Turner
Theses : Honours
In recent years, Accelerated Rehabilitation (A.R.) protocols have been used following Anterior Cruciate Ligament (A.C.L.) reconstructions, the longer term effects of these programs are seldom analysed. This study examined musculoskeletal mechanisms that might affect long term functional restoration, the control subjects (n = 19) of mixed age and gender, had no previous knee deficiencies and were recreationally fit. The experimental subjects (n = 17) had undergone intra-articular A.C.L reconstruction, using bone patellar-tendon bone grafts performed by the same surgeon and had also participated in the A.R. protocol, similar to that described by Shelbourne and Nitz (1990). The experimental group attended …
Perceptions Of Control And Satisfaction With Hospital Birth Experiences For First-Time Mothers, Clelia Tedeschi
Perceptions Of Control And Satisfaction With Hospital Birth Experiences For First-Time Mothers, Clelia Tedeschi
Theses : Honours
Satisfaction with childbirth is associated with women's future emotional wellbeing. This study examined whether first- time mother's antenatal expectations, postnatal evaluations of control during labour and delivery, and the discrepancy between expectations and evaluations were significant predictors of women's satisfaction with their childbirth experiences. The effect of medical interventions (e.g., obstetrical interventions and pain relief medication) on women's perceptions of control and satisfaction was also examined. The purposive sample of eighty first-time mothers, mean age 26 years (excluding women who had caesareans) delivered at the public hospital where they attended antenatal classes. During their fourth antenatal class women completed a …
Localisation Of The Gene For A Novel Form Of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease In An Isolated Population, Kaite Honeyman
Localisation Of The Gene For A Novel Form Of Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease In An Isolated Population, Kaite Honeyman
Theses : Honours
Localising the gene for a previously undescribed autosomal recessive form of CMT involved the use of a relatively new approach to rapid genome screening based on the identification of segments which are inherited identical by descent (IBD) from common founding ancestors. It is most feasible for populations which have been founded relatively recently (say less than 25 generations) and which have remained relatively isolated either geographically or culturally. The method is not suitable for highly inbred populations, that is with first and second cousin matings, as many segments will be inherited by chance. It appears to be a suitable screening …
The Prevalence Of Behavioural Risk Factors Associated With Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Ann M. Callaghan
The Prevalence Of Behavioural Risk Factors Associated With Sudden Infant Death Syndrome, Ann M. Callaghan
Theses : Honours
Sudden Infant Death syndrome (SIDS) is a major cause of death in the first year of life. In Western Australia (WA), two infants in every thousand live births die from SIDS each year. The aim of this study was to ascertain the prevalence in WA of three risk factors which have been associated with SIDS, namely prone lying, maternal smoking and lack of breast feeding. In addition the study sought to determine the significant influences that encourage change in infant care practices by parents. The study obtained information from child health nurses and midwives regarding the advice they provide on …
Comparison Of Primiparous Women's Expected And Experienced Pain In Labour, Shelagh Lawrence
Comparison Of Primiparous Women's Expected And Experienced Pain In Labour, Shelagh Lawrence
Theses : Honours
Pain is a subjective phenomenon and is, in varying degrees, an inherent part of the childbirth experience. However, most Western societies view suffering as unacceptable and as such, regard analgesia as a necessity. Many women do not anticipate the intensity of pain experienced in childbirth and are, therefore, not ready to manage this amount of pain when it occurs. This prospective study compared the expected and experienced labour pain of 99 primiparous women, aged 17-40 years. The relationship between expected and experienced pain and acceptance of pregnancy; identification with the motherhood role; relationship with mother; relationship with husband/partner; preparation for …
The Measurement Of Knowledge, Attitudes And Knowledge-Seeking Behaviours Of Women In Relation To The Menopause And Health Related Issues, Amanda Devine
Theses : Honours
Research suggests that women are not well informed about the health related issues which are associated with the menopause. The purpose of this study was to determine women's: current knowledge of the menopause and of the disease osteoporosis; attitudes to estrogen replacement therapy (ERT); frequency of menopausal symptoms; knowledge-seeking behaviours In relation to the menopause; and, open-ended responses to menopausal issues. This study surveyed 70 women who responded to an advertisement in Community Newspapers. Data were collected using a "Knowledge and attitudes to the menopause and health related issues" (KAMHRI) questionnaire. The KAMHRI questionnaire was developed by the researcher and …
The Use Of Self Blood Glucose Monitoring And Its Relationship To Effective Management For People With Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Maureen Unsworth
The Use Of Self Blood Glucose Monitoring And Its Relationship To Effective Management For People With Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus, Maureen Unsworth
Theses : Honours
It is believed that people who effectively self manage their own diabetes will achieve higher levels of health and well being (Pender, 1987). Although diabetes education has increased rapidly in the last 10 years, the emphasis has been placed on increasing people's knowledge of diabetes as a medical condition, which does not necessarily ensure effective self management of diabetes. Previous research suggests that self blood glucose monitoring (SBOM) is an effective tool for promoting the use of blood glucose levels as a basis for initiating behaviour changes related to eating, exercise and insulin dosage. Yet, while most people with diabetes …
Prophylatic Cord Care: Is It Necessary?, Karen Coyle
Prophylatic Cord Care: Is It Necessary?, Karen Coyle
Theses : Honours
Since the evolution of 'open' cord care in 1974, the umbilical cord of the newborn has been treated prophylactically with many different forms of antibacterial solutions. Recent studies have demonstrated that cord separation is facilitated by bacteria and many of the current treatments, such as the use of alcohol, actually delay separation. The purpose of this study was to compare cleaning the cord with alcohol to dry cord care, a method of cord care which is now being considered as an acceptable alternative to prophylactic umbilical cord treatment. A convenience sample of 205 babies was taken from a small private …
Evaluation Of A Patient Education Program For Patients With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes (Type Ii), Helen M. Walker
Evaluation Of A Patient Education Program For Patients With Non-Insulin Dependent Diabetes (Type Ii), Helen M. Walker
Theses : Honours
The purpose of this study was to evaluate a group outpatient program for patients with non-insulin dependent diabetes (Type II). It endeavoured to establish whether at the completion of a patient education program, and again at the 3 month follow-up period, the patients were complying with : (a) the recommended dietary plan, (b) the exercise program, and (c) were monitoring blood glucose levels at home, as evidenced by weight loss and metabolic control of their diabetes. The study also investigated factors influencing non-compliance. The theoretical rationale used for this study was Pender's Health Promotion Model, which theorises that health-promoting behaviour …