Medical Specialties Commons^™

James Jarell “Jake” Pickle And Clifford Drummond Oral History Interview, March 15, 2005, James "Jake" Jarrell Pickle, Clifford Drummond, Lesley W. Brunet, Earl Walborg

Interview Sessions

Major Topics Covered:

• Sources of land for MD Anderson Research Park in Smithville and Bastrop, Texas
• Legislators and others instrumental in advocating in the Legislature
• R. Lee Clark’s vision for a research facility; personal motives for locating the facility outside of Houston
• Local and governmental considerations in approving land for a laboratory

Oncolog, Volume 50, Number 02/03, February/March 2005, David Galloway

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Biostatistically Speaking
• Novel Drugs Address Gleevec Resistance
• Obesity: A Weighty Contributor to Cancer
• House Call: When a Friend Has Cancer

Effects Of Tamoxifen On Mitochondrial Nos Activity: Alteration In The Intramitochondrial Ca2+ Homeostasis, Sandeep S. Joshi

Theses, Dissertations and Capstones

Tamoxifen (Tam) is an anticancer drug that induces oxidative stress and apoptosis via mitochondria- and nitric oxide (NO)-dependent pathways. Here, we report that therapeutic concentrations of Tam stimulate the mitochondrial NO synthase (mtNOS) activity of isolated rat liver mitochondria by increasing the intramitochondrial ionized Ca²⁺ concentration ([Ca²⁺]_m). Tam decreases transmembrane potential (∆ψ) due to increased [Ca²⁺]_m that neutralizes the negative charges of the inner mitochondrial membrane. Thus, the present study reports a novel mechanism for the widely used anti- caner drug, Tam.

2004 Cancer Care Annual Report, Children's Mercy Hospital

Cancer Center Annual Reports

Annual report of cancer care and oncology services at the Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City MO, a pediatric medical center, with a focus on the Ewing's sarcoma family of tumors.

Extended Vs. Small Field Irradiation In High Risk Post Esophagectomy Patients Receiving Combined Chemoradiation Therapy: A Decade Experience In Treatment Of Esophageal Cancer, Edward Yu, Patricia Tai, George Rodrigues, Robert Ash, Larry Stitt, Rashid A. Dar, Pauline Truong, Gregory M. Videtic, Richard Malthaner, Richard Inculet, Anna Tomiak, Jawaid Younus, Brian Dingle, Walter Kocha, Mark Vincent

Oncology Presentations

OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of extended field irradiation with anastomotic coverage on local recurrence in high risk resected esophageal cancerpatients.

METHODS: From 1989-1999, high risk resected esophageal cancer cases receiving post-resection chemoradiation were reviewed. Adjuvant chemotherapy consisted of four cycles of fluorouracil-based regimens. Loco-regional irradiation with or without coverage of anastomotic site had radiation a dose range from 45-60 Gyat 1.8-2.0 Gy/fraction given with initial anterior-posterior/posterior-anterior arrangement with either extended (with anastomotic coverage), or small (without anastomotic coverage) field followed by oblique fields for boost.

RESULTS: One hundred eighty-eight charts were reviewed. Seventy-two patients were eligible for post-resection chemoradiation. …

Robot Assisted Ultrasound Imaged Guided Interstitial Lung Brachytherapy In A Porcine Model, Richard A. Malthaner, Edward Yu, Jerry J. Battista, Chris Blake, Donal Downey, Aaron Fenster

Oncology Presentations

We set out to see if permanent interstitial brachytherapy seeds could be safely and reproducibly inserted thoracoscopicaly with the ZEUS Robotic system and intraoperative ultrasound into in-vivo porcine lungs.

Clioquinol And Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Complex With Copper To Form Proteasome Inhibitors And Apoptosis Inducers In Human Breast Cancer Cells, Kenyon G. Daniel, Di Chen, Shirley Orlu, Qiuzhi Cui, Fred R. Miller, Q Ping Dou

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Introduction

A physiological feature of many tumor tissues and cells is the tendency to accumulate high concentrations of copper. While the precise role of copper in tumors is cryptic, copper, but not other trace metals, is required for angiogenesis. We have recently reported that organic copper-containing compounds, including 8-hydroxyquinoline-copper(II) and 5,7-dichloro-8-hydroxyquinoline-copper(II), comprise a novel class of proteasome inhibitors and tumor cell apoptosis inducers. In the current study, we investigate whether clioquinol (CQ), an analog of 8-hydroxyquinoline and an Alzheimer's disease drug, and pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC), a known copper-binding compound and antioxidant, can interact with copper to form cancer-specific proteasome …

Oncolog, Volume 50, Number 01, January 2005, Rachel Williams, Dawn Chalaire, Caren E. Blinka, Angelina Esparza, Allen W. Burton Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Perspectives on Brain Metastasis
• Out of the Darkroom
• Equity and Health
• House Call: Blood and Platelet Donors Give Life
• DiaLog: Cancer Pain Control in the New Millennium, by Allen W. Burton, MD, Section Chief, Cancer Pain Management Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine

Gene Expression Profiling Revealed Novel Mechanism Of Action Of Taxotere And Furtulon In Prostate Cancer Cells, Yiwei Li, Maha Hussain, Sarah H. Sarkar, James Eliason, Ran Li, Fazlul H. Sarkar

Wayne State University Associated BioMed Central Scholarship

Abstract

Background

Both Taxotere and Capecitabine have shown anti-cancer activity against various cancers including prostate cancer. In combination, Taxotere plus Capecitabine has demonstrated higher anti-cancer activity in advanced breast cancers. However, the molecular mechanisms of action of Taxotere and Capecitabine have not been fully elucidated in prostate cancer.

Methods

The total RNA from PC3 and LNCaP prostate cells untreated and treated with 2 nM Taxotere, 110 μM Furtulon (active metabolite of Capecitabine), or 1 nM Taxotere plus 50 μM Furtulon for 6, 36, and 72 hours, was subjected to Affymetrix Human Genome U133A Array analysis. Real-time PCR and Western Blot …

Global Gene Expression Profiling Of Cells Overexpressing Smc3., Giancarlo Ghiselli, Chang-Gong Liu

Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty Papers

BACKGROUND: The Structural Maintenance of Chromosome 3 protein (SMC3) plays an essential role during the sister chromatid separation, is involved in DNA repair and recombination and participates in microtubule-mediated intracellular transport. SMC3 is frequently elevated in human colon carcinoma and overexpression of the protein transforms murine NIH3T3 fibroblasts. In order to gain insight into the mechanism of SMC3-mediated tumorigenesis a gene expression profiling was performed on human 293 cells line stably overexpressing SMC3. RESULTS: Biotinylated complementary RNA (cRNA) was used for hybridization of a cDNAmicroarray chip harboring 18,861 65-mer oligos derived from the published dEST sequences. After filtering, the hybridization …

African American Breast Cancer Health Disparities, Theresa Lynn Gaul

Honors Program Theses

Health disparities are "the differences in the incidence, prevalence, mortality, and burden of cancer and related adverse health conditions that exist among specific population groups in the United States" (National Cancer Institute [NCI], 2002). Racial and ethnic minorities experience serious disparities in health access and outcomes. Disparities in the burden of death and illness experienced by African Americans in particular, as compared with our nation's population as a whole, are particularly striking. There are a variety of factors contributing to these inequalities. The purpose of this report is to examine these factors and the consequential effects on the African American's …

Regulatory Role Of Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 For Transcriptional Activity Of Add1/Srebp1c, Kang Ho Kim, Min Jeong Song, Eung Jae Yoo, Sung Sik Choe, Sang Dai Park, Jae Bum Kim

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Adipocyte determination- and differentiation-dependent factor 1 (ADD1) plays important roles in lipid metabolism and insulin-dependent gene expression. Because insulin stimulates carbohydrate and lipid synthesis, it would be important to decipher how the transcriptional activity of ADD1/SREBP1c is regulated in the insulin signaling pathway. In this study, we demonstrated that glycogen synthase kinase (GSK)-3 negatively regulates the transcriptional activity of ADD1/SREBP1c. GSK3 inhibitors enhanced a transcriptional activity of ADD1/SREBP1c and expression of ADD1/SREBP1c target genes including fatty acid synthase (FAS), acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1), and steroyl-CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in adipocytes and hepatocytes. In contrast, overexpression of GSK3beta down-regulated the transcriptional …

Orbital Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcomain Karachi (1998-2002), Yasmin Bhurgri, A. Mazhar, H. Bhurgri, A. Usman, J. Malik, A. Bhurgri, R. Ahmed, S. Muzaffar, N. Kayani, Shahid Pervez, S. H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To study the epidemiology of ocular Rhabdomyosarcoma (ORMS) in Karachi.

Methods: Incident ORMS cases resident of Karachi, registered at Karachi Cancer Registry (KCR) during 1st January 1998 to 31st December 2002 were included in the study. The data were classified using ICD-O2; computerized with Canreg-3, and analyzed using SPSS 10.0.

Results: Ten cases of ORMS were reported to KCR during 1998-2002. RMS originated in the orbit in eight cases, conjunctiva in one and eyelid in one. Nine cases presented with proptosis, associated with conjunctivitis in four cases. One case presented with eyelid swelling. The crude annual incidence rate was …

Distinct Gene Expression Profiles In Different B-Cell Compartments In Human Peripheral Lymphoid Organs., Yulei Shen, Javeed Iqbal, Li Xiao, Ryan C. Lynch, Andreas Rosenwald, Louis M. Staudt, Simon Sherman, Karen Dybkaer, Guimei Zhou, James D. Eudy, Jan Delabie, Timothy W. Mckeithan, Wing C. Chan

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

BACKGROUND: There are three major B-cell compartments in peripheral lymphoid organs: the germinal center (GC), the mantle zone (MNZ) and the marginal zone (MGZ). Unique sets of B-cells reside in these compartments, and they have specific functional roles in humoral immune response. MNZ B cells are naive cells in a quiescent state and may participate in GC reactions upon proper stimulation. The adult splenic MGZ contains mostly memory B cells and is also known to provide a rapid response to particulate antigens. The GC B-cells proliferate rapidly and undergo selection and affinity maturation. The B-cell maturational process is accompanied by …

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 12, December 2004, David Galloway, Katie Prout Matias, Diane Witter, Paul Mathew Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Advances in Prostate Cancer Treatment
• Everyday Drugs Show New Promise for Cancer
• Are COX-2 Inhibitors Safe?
• House Call: Myths & Facts about Cancer Prevention
• DiaLog: Neoadjuvant Trials in Prostate Cancer, by Paul Mathew, MD, Assistant Professor, Department of Genitourinary Medical Oncology

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 11, November 2004, Rachel Williams, Steve C. Stuyck Mph

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• The Youngest Cancer Patients
• Meeting the Rising Demand for Outpatient Care
• House Call: Going Beyond the Headlines: Tips to help you evaluate cancer stories in the news media
• DiaLog: Cancer Information in the Media, by Stephen C. Stuyck, MPH, Vice President for Public Affairs

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 10, October 2004, Dawn Chalaire, Sunni Hosemann, David Galloway, Karen Basen-Engquist Phd, Mph

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Treating Head and Neck Cancer Requires Extraordinary Coordination Among Disciplines
• Researchers Seek to Understand the Mysteries of Uterine Cancer and to Find Better Treatments
• Mammography vs. Magnetic Resonance Imaging: A Breast Cancer Prevention Specialist and a Radiologist Weigh in on the Recent Debate
• House Call: The Role of Alcohol and Tobacco in Head and Neck Cancer
• DiaLog: Sexuality after Gynecologic Cancer, by Karen Basen-Engquist, PhD, Associate Professor, Department of Behavioral Health

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 09, September 2004, Ellen Mcdonald, Ann Sutton, David Galloway, Rena Sellin Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• New Approaches to Managing Tumors of the Pituitary Gland Offer Patients Hope
• Needleless Chemotherapy: Safety and Efficacy of Aerosolized Chemotherapy Being Studied in Young Patients with Cancer
• M. D. Anderson Physician Honored for Inventing an Antimicrobial Catheter That Prevents 25,000 Infection-Related Deaths a Year
• House Call: How Cancer Happens and Ways to Lower Your Risk
• DiaLog: Cancer-Related Neuroendocrine Dysfunction, by Rena V. Sellin, MD, Professor, Department of Endocrine Neoplasia and Hormonal Disorders

Gitr Activation Induces An Opposite Effect On Alloreactive Cd4(+) And Cd8(+) T Cells In Graft-Versus-Host Disease., Stephanie J Muriglan, Teresa Ramirez-Montagut, Onder Alpdogan, Thomas W Van Huystee, Jeffrey M Eng, Vanessa M Hubbard, Adam A Kochman, Kartono H Tjoe, Carlo Riccardi, Pier Paolo Pandolfi, Shimon Sakaguchi, Alan N Houghton, Marcel R M Van Den Brink

Department of Medical Oncology Faculty Papers

Glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor family-related gene (GITR) is a member of the tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNFR) family that is expressed at low levels on unstimulated T cells, B cells, and macrophages. Upon activation, CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells up-regulate GITR expression, whereas immunoregulatory T cells constitutively express high levels of GITR. Here, we show that GITR may regulate alloreactive responses during graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) after allogeneic bone marrow transplantation (BMT). Using a BMT model with major histocompatibility complex class I and class II disparity, we demonstrate that GITR stimulation in vitro and in vivo enhances alloreactive CD8(+)CD25(-) T …

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 07/08, July/August 2004, Dawn Chalaire, David Galloway, Ellen Manzullo Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Proton Therapy Comes into Its Own
• Treating Patients with Cancer Requires Looking Beyond the Tumor
• House Call: Protecting Yourself Against Skin Cancer
• DiaLog: Treating Cancer-Related Fatigue, by Ellen Manzullo, MD, FACP, Department of General Internal Medicine, Ambulatory Treatment, and Emergency Care

Cancer Esophagus Karachi 1995-2002:Epidemiology, Risk Factors And Trends, Y. Bhurgri, N. Faridi, L. A.G. Kazi, S. K. Ali, H. Bhurgri, A. Usman, J. Malik, A. Bhurgri, R. Ahmed, S. Muzaffar, N. Kayani, Shahid Pervez, S. H. Hasan

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine

Objective: To study the trends of cancer esophagus in Karachi South during 1995-2002 and identify risk factors.

Methods: Incident esophageal cancer cases recorded at the Karachi Cancer Registry for Karachi South, during 1st January 1995 to 31st December 2003 were reviewed. For maximum completion of data, incident cases registered from 1st January 1995 to 31st December 2002 were included for final analyses.

Results: The Age Standardized Incidence Rates (ASIRs) of cancer esophagus in Karachi South for males were 6.5/100,000 (1995-1997) and 6.4/100,000 (1998-2002). In females the observed rates were 7.0/100,000 (1995-1997) and 8.6/100,000 (1998-2002).

Conclusion: In the moderately high incidence, …

Roger W. Anderson, Phd, Oral History Interview, May 18, 2004, Roger W. Anderson Phd, Lesley W. Brunet

Interview Sessions

Major Topics Covered:

• Career at MD Anderson
• The history of the Pharmacy Division
• Integrating pharmacists within departments at MD Anderson including Nursing and Developmental Therapeutics
• Pharmacist's role in improving chemotherapy drugs and safety monitoring

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 06, June 2004, Kate O'Suilleabhain, Katie Prout Matias, Jack Roth Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Despite Initial Setbacks, Researchers Are Focusing on Antiangiogenic Therapy More Than Ever
• Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predicts Response to Antiangiogenesis Agents
• "Smart Bombs": Targeted Therapies Home in on Increasingly Well-Defined Targets
• House Call: Understanding Angiogenesis
• DiaLog: Gene Therapy for Cancer: Safety First, by Jack Roth, MD, Chair, Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery

The Anti-Proliferation Effects Of Lycopene On Breast Cancer Cells, Tixieanna Dissmore

Loma Linda University Electronic Theses, Dissertations & Projects

Background: The incidence and deaths from breast cancer represent the most cause of all cancer deaths among women. Lycopene, the carotenoid in tomatoes has been associated with decreasing risk of prostate, breast, and digestive tract cancers. Various mechanisms of lycopene action have been proposed, including antioxidant activity and pro-differentiation activities. Identifying changes in the expression of proteins modified by lycopene can provide information to study the modulating effects of lycopene carcinogenesis and tumorigenesis development.

Objective: The objective was to study the anti-proliferative effects of lycopene on MCF- 7 human breast cancer cells and to identify changes in protein expression patterns. …

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 05, May 2004, David Galloway, Dawn Chalaire, Emil J. Freireich Md

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Experts Recommend Treating Cancer Pain in the Context of Other Symptoms
• Protocols: Studies Examine Treatment for Cancer-Related Pain
• Participation of Elderly Patients in Clinical Trials: Looking Beyond Age
• House Call: From Cancer Research to Clinical Practice
• DiaLog: The Next 20 Years: The Changing Face of Cancer Treatment, by Emil J. Freireich, MD, Director, Adult Leukemia Research Program

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 04, April 2004, Katie Prout Matias, Karen Stuyck

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Gastric Cancer Studies Focus on Prolonging Survival and Finding Molecular Markers for Targeted Therapies
• Clinical Ethicists Help Patients, Families, and Staff Resolve Difficult Dilemmas
• An Unexpected Finding: Male Breast Cancer Is Rare and Often Overlooked
• House Call: Getting Screened for Oral Cancer

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Of The O-Glycosylated 21-Residue Muc1 Peptides, A. Rubinstein, L. Kinarsky, S. Sherman

Journal Articles: Eppley Institute

The conformational propensities of the 21-residue peptide and its Oglycosylated analogs were studied by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. This polypeptide motif comprises the tandem repeat of the human mucin (MUC1) protein core that is differently glycosylated in normal and cancer cells. To evaluate the structural effects of O-glycosylation on the polypeptide backbone, conformations of the nonglycosylated peptide and its glycosylated analogs were monitored during the 1 ns MD simulations. Radius gyration for whole peptide and its fragments, as well as root-mean-square-deviation between coordinate sets of the backbone atoms of starting structures and generated structures, were calculated. It was shown that …

Oncolog, Volume 49, Number 03, March 2004, Beth Notzon, Katie Prout Matias

OncoLog MD Anderson's Report to Physicians (All issues) Archives

• Translational Research Speeds the Journey from Lab Results to Clinical Outcomes
• New Tests Could One Day Predict Response to Chemotherapy and Presence of Metastatic Disease in Patients with Breast Cancer
• House Call: Mind-Body Approaches for Patients with Cancer

Mitotic Rate And Younger Age Are Predictors Of Sentinel Lymph Node Positivity: Lessons Learned From The Generation Of A Probabilistic Model., Vernon K Sondak, Jeremy M G Taylor, Michael S Sabel, Yue Wang, Lori Lowe, Amelia C Grover, Alfred E Chang, Alan M. Yahanda Md, Facs, James Moon, Timothy M Johnson

PCI Publications and Projects

BACKGROUND: Sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy allows surgeons to identify patients with subclinical nodal involvement who may benefit from lymphadenectomy and, possibly, adjuvant therapy. Several factors have been variably, and sometimes discordantly, reported to have predictive value for SLN metastasis to best select which patients require SLN biopsy.

METHODS: We reviewed 419 patients who underwent SLN biopsy for melanoma from a prospectively collected melanoma database. To derive a probabilistic model for the occurrence of a positive SLN, a multivariate logistic model was fit by using a stepwise variable selection method. The accuracy of each model was evaluated by using receiver …

All-1/Mll1, A Homologue Of Drosophila Trithorax, Modifies Chromatin And Is Directly Involved In Infant Acute Leukaemia., E Canaani, T Nakamura, T Rozovskaia, S T Smith, T Mori, C M Croce, Alexander Mazo

Kimmel Cancer Center Faculty Papers

Rearrangements of the ALL-1/MLL1 gene underlie the majority of infant acute leukaemias, as well as of therapy-related leukaemias developing in cancer patients treated with inhibitors of topoisomerase II, such as VP16 and doxorubicin. The rearrangements fuse ALL-1 to any of >50 partner genes or to itself. Here, we describe the unique features of ALL-1-associated leukaemias, and recent progress in understanding molecular mechanisms involved in the activity of the ALL-1 protein and of its Drosophila homologue TRITHORAX.