Medical Specialties Commons^™

Investigating The Effects Of Zero Balancing On The Physical, Mental, Emotional, And Spiritual Dimensions Of Wellness: A Phenomenological Mixed Methods Pilot Study, Misty L. Rhoads, Mary Murphy, Michele Doucette, Tom Gentile, Dylan Rhoads, Jacob Watson

Journal of Transformative Touch

Background: Today, the necessity for relieving undue stress on the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual levels is evident at this time of concomitant global crises from the pandemic, societal inequity, and climatic challenges. Methods to restore and enhance human well-being are critically needed.The study of overall wellness has not yet included the role that skilled, conscious touch may play in supporting the dimensions of wellness, an awareness of which this study seeks to elevate by exploring the effects of receiving positive touch on the physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual dimensions of wellness.

Methods: The researchers chose to utilize a concurrent …

Impact Of Psychotropic Medications On Electrical Cardiac Conduction In The Emergency Department: A Best Practice Review, Juliann Hatt

Doctor of Nursing Practice Final Manuscripts

Abstract Background: The effects of psychotropic drugs on cardiac repolarization have increasingly gained attention in research and clinical practice over the last 2 decades. The absolute risk of cardiac arrhythmia, such as the polymorphic ventricular tachycardia, Torsades de Pointes (TdP), is low (14 per 10,000 patients/year) and sudden cardiac death as a consequence of all cardiac arrhythmias is less frequent (Braillon et al., 2017). TdP can occur at therapeutic doses of second-generation antipsychotics and antidepressants and with a corrected Q-T (QTc) interval >500 ms. Many psychotropic medications can delay cardiac repolarization thereby producing prolonged QTc in the electrocardiogram (ECG). Emergency …

Reiki For Recovery: Incorporating Japanese Health Practices To Increase Contemporary Resiliency In American Health, Leif Peterson

Master's Projects and Capstones

The Japanese health practice of Reiki attempts to maximize the latent ability of the human system to heal itself. The Reiki system, established over a century ago, combines multiple Asian health traditions, experimenting with practices that maximize the natural processes of the body to perform its own repairs. Reiki encourages healthy behaviors that balance the mind and body, return the human system to a lowered stress level, and allow for an optimal recovery state for the patient. This paper illustrates how this Japanese health-affirming method can be integrated and utilized within existing health and medical practices. An area that is …

Explicit Training To Improve Affective Prosody Recognition In Adults With Acute Right Hemisphere Stroke, Alexandra Zezinka Durfee, Shannon M. Sheppard, Erin L. Meier, Lisa Bunker, Erjia Cui, Ciprian Crainiceanu, Argye E. Hillis

Communication Sciences and Disorders Faculty Articles and Research

Difficulty recognizing affective prosody (receptive aprosodia) can occur following right hemisphere damage (RHD). Not all individuals spontaneously recover their ability to recognize affective prosody, warranting behavioral intervention. However, there is a dearth of evidence-based receptive aprosodia treatment research in this clinical population. The purpose of the current study was to investigate an explicit training protocol targeting affective prosody recognition in adults with RHD and receptive aprosodia. Eighteen adults with receptive aprosodia due to acute RHD completed affective prosody recognition before and after a short training session that targeted proposed underlying perceptual and conceptual processes. Behavioral impairment and lesion characteristics were …

Pi3k/Mtor Dual Inhibitor Pf-04691502 Is A Schedule-Dependent Radiosensitizer For Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors, Zeta Chow, Jeremy Johnson, Aman Chauhan, Tadahide Izumi, Michael Cavnar, Heidi L. Weiss, Courtney M. Townsend Jr., Lowell B. Anthony, Carrigan Wasilchenko, Matthew L. Melton, Jörg Schrader, B. Mark Evers, Piotr G. Rychahou

Markey Cancer Center Faculty Publications

Patients with advanced-stage gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NETs) have a poor overall prognosis despite chemotherapy and radiotherapy (e.g., peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT)). Better treatment options are needed to improve disease regression and patient survival. The purpose of this study was to examine a new treatment strategy by combining PI3K/mTOR dual inhibition and radiotherapy. First, we assessed the efficacy of two PI3K/mTOR dual inhibitors, PF-04691502 and PKI-402, to inhibit pAkt and increase apoptosis in NET cell lines (BON and QGP-1) and patient-derived tumor spheroids as single agents or combined with radiotherapy (XRT). Treatment with PF-04691502 decreased pAkt (Ser473) expression for up …

Normal Versus Half-Normal Saline In The Treatment Of Children With Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Amal G. Mohamed, Nada M. F. Elsayed, Raya A. M. Saleh, Sally R. Eid

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective This study aims to determine the effect of 0.9% saline (NS) versus 0.45% saline (half NS) on blood pressure and serum electrolytes in children with diabetic ketoacidosis. Patients and methods This is a cross-sectional prospective comparative study carried out on 105 patients (1–18 years) from those admitted to the pediatric ICU of Al-Zahraa University Hospital from March 2017 to August 2019. Cases were divided into three groups (35 in each group). Group I patients received a shock, deficit, and maintenance therapy with NS. Group II patients received a shock therapy NS along with deficit and maintenance therapy with half …

Postoperative Astigmatism After Small-Incision Cataract Surgery With Sclera Tunnel Suturing And Without Scleral Tunnel Suturing: A Comparative Study, Mohammed S. Ahmed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and aim Cataract represents a significant socioeconomic burden and a public health concern, as it is the leading cause of blindness worldwide. Small-incision cataract surgery (SICS) is one of the cataract surgical techniques commonly used in developing countries. There have been many improvements and changes in SICS's technique since its development, including changes in the site and size of the incision. Patients and methods This study was conducted aiming to study postoperative astigmatism after SICS with or without scleral tunnel suturing. This study was performed on 100 eligible eyes in 59 consecutive patients. Identical surgical methods were used in …

A Case Of Positive Covid-19-Infected Patient With Retinal Detachment And A Large Macular Hole: A Case Report, Mohammed S. Ahmed

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Retinal detachment (RD) associated with macular hole accounts for 0.5% of RD. Here, we describe a rare case of RD and a large macular hole in a patient tested positive for COVID-19 in Sohag Teaching Hospital, Sohag, Egypt.

Using Methylene Blue Spray Intraoperatively To Perform Safe Thyroidectomy, Abdelrahman K. Abdelrahman, Esayed Elmokadem, Ihab Matar

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) injury and hypoparathyroidism are serious complications following thyroidectomy. Minimizing these complications is important to avoid a destructive life-long handicap. Aim Our goal was to decrease the incidence of intraoperative mishaps by spraying methylene blue dye on thyroid tissue and the tissues nearby. Patients and methods This is a prospective study that included 90 patients who underwent primary thyroid surgery for various thyroid diseases, with total thyroidectomy done in all. The patients were divided into two groups: methylene blue group included 45 patients who underwent surgery using methylene blue technique, and conventional group included 45 patients …

The Efficacy And Safety Of Ombitasvir/Paritaprevir/Ritonavir Plus Ribavirin In Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients With End-Stage Renal Disease On Regular Hemodialysis, Dalia Omran, Enass El Sayed, Muhammad M. A. Ghaffar

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and aim Infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an important cause of mortality and morbidity in patients with end-stage renal disease. Direct-acting antiviral drugs allow for the treatment of this group of patients. The current research aims to assess the efficacy and safety of ombitasvir/paritaprevir/ritonavir (OBV/PTV/RTV) combination therapy plus ribavirin in the treatment of HCV-infected Egyptian patients with chronic kidney disease stage V on regular hemodialysis. Patients and methods A total of 70 patients with chronic kidney disease stage V on regular hemodialysis with HCV infection were enrolled in this prospective cohort study, where 37 patients (group A) …

Evaluation Of Tissue Doppler Echocardiography In The Assessment Of Ventricular Function In Asthmatic Children, Amal G. Mohamed, Nada M. F. Elsayed, Safaa A. Mohammed, Sally R. Eid

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Bronchial asthma is one of the commonest diseases in children. It not only affects the lung but also other organs, including the heart. Our study aims to assess the effect of bronchial asthma with varying degrees of severity on the ventricular function of the heart using tissue Doppler imaging. Patients and methods This is a case–control study that was performed at the Pediatric Department of Al-Azhar University Hospital and included 50 patients with bronchial asthma, who were compared with 50 age-matched and sex-matched healthy children as a control group. All children were subjected to full history taking, complete physical …

Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty In Silicone Oil-Induced Glaucoma, Hussam O. Elrashidy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction One of the complications of using silicone oil is glaucoma. Selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) became an increasingly focused laser procedure for glaucoma because of its efficacy and minimal destructive effects on the surrounding tissues. The aim of our study is to analyze the efficacy of SLT on silicone oil-induced secondary glaucoma in terms of intraocular pressure (IOP). Patients and methods This is prospective study on 30 eyes of 30 patients with silicone oil-induced secondary glaucoma. The patients should have had no history of glaucoma or ocular hypertension before silicone oil injection. The patients were treated with laser at 360° …

Omentoplasty For Pelvic Defect Closure Following Abdominoperineal Resection In Lower Rectum Cancer, Amr A. Ella, Esayed Elmokadem, Ihab Matar

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background The perineal wound is considered an important source of postoperative morbidity and mortality following abdominoperineal resection (APR). Complications include wound dehiscence, infection, abscess, perineal herniation, radiation enteritis, persistent sinus, more nursing effort, prolonged hospital stay, and increase readmission with cost increase. Aim The aim of this study is to compare the result of conventional closure of pelvic defect following APR versus closure with omentoplasty. Patients and methods This study included 30 patients who underwent APR. The patients were divided into two groups: omentoplasty group included 15 patients who underwent pelvic defect closure using pedicle omental flap, and conventional group …

Functional Improvements Of Diabetic Macular Edema After Treatment With Ranibizumab, Hussam O. Elrashidy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Diabetic retinopathy and clinically significant macular edema are largely responsible for the irreversible, debilitating visual impairment. There is evidence suggesting that some of the diabetes-related visual abnormalities are due to neurodegeneration. Use of objective tests for early detection of retinal dysfunction of sight-threatening diabetic retinopathy would be of great value. Aim The aim was to study the functional improvements of macular functions after treatments with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab as detected with central visual field and multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG). Settings and design A prospective cohort interventional study that included 30 eyes of 30 patients. Materials and methods Prospective cohort …

Minimal Invasive Cardiac Surgery Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting And Hybrid Revascularization: Early Experience And Potential Indications, Ahmed Zaye, Mohamed M. Mohamed, Tamer El Banna, Yasser A. Sadek

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background There is increasing interest and patient demand for minimally invasive cardiac surgery. Aim We aimed to assess the safety and potential indications of minimally invasive coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and possibilities of such techniques and debating it will become the standard procedure. Patients and methods From February 2015 till February 2020, 83 cases underwent CABG via right submammary incision, and of them, 18 cases underwent hybrid technique. Results The procedure was successfully performed in all. Conversion rate to full sternotomy was 0%. Hospital mortality was seen in two (2.4%) patients. Re-exploration for bleeding was done in 0 (0%) …

The Significance Of Interferon-Inducible Protein-16 And Anti-Interferon-Inducible Protein-16 Antibodies In Rheumatoid Arthritis: Relation To Pulmonary Disease And Serological Markers, Eman R. Amer, Hala Abd-Elhameed Tabl, Sherry K. Abdelrahman, Suzan M. Farouk, Taghreed F. M. Mostafa

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Aim The aim of the study was to detect the presence of interferon-inducible protein-16 (IFI16) as well as anti-IFI16 antibodies in the serum and synovial fluid of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate the relation to pulmonary interstitial lung disease (ILD) patterns, disease activity, joints erosions, and serological markers. Patients and methods This study involved two groups: 82 adult patients with established RA participated as a study group, whereas 30 patients with knee osteoarthritis also joined as a control group. IFI16 and anti-IFI16 immunoglobulin G were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in serum of all patients and controls, …

Esomeprazole Attenuates Inflammatory And Fibrotic Response In Lung Cells Through The Mapk/Nrf2/Ho1 Pathway, Afshin Ebrahimpour, Min Wang, Li Li, Anil G Jegga, Mark D Bonnen, N Tony Eissa, Ganesh Raghu, Soma Jyothula, Farrah Kheradmand, Nicola A Hanania, Ivan O Rosas, Yohannes T Ghebre

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

INTRODUCTION: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is an orphan disease characterized by progressive loss of lung function resulting in shortness of breath and often death within 3-4 years of diagnosis. Repetitive lung injury in susceptible individuals is believed to promote chronic oxidative stress, inflammation, and uncontrolled collagen deposition. Several preclinical and retrospective clinical studies in IPF have reported beneficial outcomes associated with the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) such as esomeprazole. Accordingly, we sought to investigate molecular mechanism(s) by which PPIs favorably regulate the disease process.

METHODS: We stimulated oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory and profibrotic phenotypes in primary human lung epithelial …

A Method To Delineate De Novo Missense Variants Across Pathways Prioritizes Genes Linked To Autism, Amanda Koire, Panagiotis Katsonis, Young Won Kim, Christie Buchovecky, Stephen J Wilson, Olivier Lichtarge

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Genotype-phenotype relationships shape health and population fitness but remain difficult to predict and interpret. Here, we apply an evolutionary action method in mutational landscapes to unravel genes and pathways connected to autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Evolutionary action predicts the impact of missense variants on protein function by measuring motions in fitness landscapes, based on phylogenetic distances and substitution odds in homologous sequences. By examining 368 pathways across 2,384 individuals with ASD (probands), we found that 23 pathways, a total of 398 genes, had de novo missense variants biased to higher evolutionary action scores than expected by random chance, including axonogenesis, …

Perceptions Of Family-Level Social Factors That Influence Health Behaviors In Latinx Adolescents And Young Adults At High Risk For Type 2 Diabetes, Erica G Soltero, Neeku Navabi, Felipe G Castro, Stephanie L Ayers, Jenny Mendez, Deborah I Thompson, Gabriel Q Shaibi

Children’s Nutrition Research Center Staff Publications

Given that health behaviors occur within the context of familial social relationships, a deeper understanding of social factors that influence health behaviors in Latinx families is needed to develop more effective diabetes prevention programming. This qualitative study identified perceived family-level social factors that influence health behaviors in Latinx adolescents (12–16 years; N = 16) and young adults (18–24 years; N = 15) with obesity and explored differences in perceptions across sex and age. Participants completed an in-depth interview that was recorded, transcribed, and coded using thematic content analysis. Emergent themes central to health behaviors included: perceived parental roles and responsibilities, …

Models Of Care For Patients With Hypertension And Diabetes In Humanitarian Crises: A Systematic Review, Michael S Jaung, Ruth Willis, Piyu Sharma, Sigiriya Aebischer Perone, Signe Frederiksen, Claudia Truppa, Bayard Roberts, Pablo Perel, Karl Blanchet, Éimhín Ansbro

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Care for non-communicable diseases, including hypertension and diabetes (HTN/DM), is recognized as a growing challenge in humanitarian crises, particularly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) where most crises occur. There is little evidence to support humanitarian actors and governments in designing efficient, effective, and context-adapted models of care for HTN/DM in such settings. This article aimed to systematically review the evidence on models of care targeting people with HTN/DM affected by humanitarian crises in LMICs. A search of the MEDLINE, Embase, Global Health, Global Indexus Medicus, Web of Science, and EconLit bibliographic databases and grey literature sources was performed. Studies …

Transcatheter Mitral Valve Replacement And Repair Technology, Joel Thomas

Senior Honors Theses

The mitral valve is a two-cusp valve that is located between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart. As blood flows from the lungs and enters the atrium, it must pass through this valve in one direction to enter the ventricle and be pumped out to the systemic circuit.

Mitral valve disease occurs when normal mitral valve function is impaired. Many different repair and replacement options exist. These options are contingent upon age and risk factors for patients. This paper focuses on the four main transcatheter mitral valve replacement devices that have limited human trials. It concludes that …

A Highly Predictive Microrna Panel For Determining Delayed Cerebral Vasospasm Risk Following Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage, Wang-Xia Wang, Joe E. Springer, Kevin Xie, David W. Fardo, Kevin W. Hatton

Sanders-Brown Center on Aging Faculty Publications

Approximately one-third of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH) patients develop delayed cerebral vasospasm (DCV) 3–10 days after aneurysm rupture resulting in additional, permanent neurologic disability. Currently, no validated biomarker is available to determine the risk of DCV in aSAH patients. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been implicated in virtually all human diseases, including aSAH, and are found in extracellular biofluids including plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). We used a custom designed TaqMan Low Density Array miRNA panel to examine the levels of 47 selected brain and vasculature injury related miRNAs in CSF and plasma specimens collected from 31 patients with or without DCV …

Letting It Go: A Transformative Session Of Massage Therapy, Amanda Brauman King

Journal of Transformative Touch

This personal essay the role of skilled touch, in this case massage therapy, in healing from loss.

Pharmacogenetic Testing In Patients With Autism Spectrum Disorder Evaluated In The Children’S Mercy Hospital Goldiloks© Clinic, Rachel Goodson

Research Days

Background: Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) affects 1 in 54 children in the United States. Children with ASD are more likely to be diagnosed with co-occurring mental health disorders. There is currently little research guiding medication choice and dosing in patients with ASD. Children with ASD are at increased risk for reduced clinical response and adverse reaction (including due to polypharmacy). Pharmacogenomics is an approach for medication decision making that leverages an individual’s genetic information and clinical presentation to make informed choices, but no studies have specifically investigated the outcomes of PGX for patients with ASD. Understanding the clinical and genetic …

A Screen Of Fda-Approved Drugs Identifies Inhibitors Of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase 4a3 (Ptp4a3 Or Prl-3), Dylan R. Rivas, Mark Vincent C. Dela Cerna, Caroline N. Smith, Shilpa Sampathi, Blaine G. Patty, Donghan Lee, Jessica S. Blackburn

Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Faculty Publications

Protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A3 (PTP4A3 or PRL-3) is highly expressed in a variety of cancers, where it promotes tumor cell migration and metastasis leading to poor prognosis. Despite its clinical significance, small molecule inhibitors of PRL-3 are lacking. Here, we screened 1443 FDA-approved drugs for their ability to inhibit the activity of the PRL phosphatase family. We identified five specific inhibitors for PRL-3 as well as one selective inhibitor of PRL-2. Additionally, we found nine drugs that broadly and significantly suppressed PRL activity. Two of these broad-spectrum PRL inhibitors, Salirasib and Candesartan, blocked PRL-3-induced migration in human embryonic kidney cells …

Genome Sequence Of A Virulent African Swine Fever Virus Isolated In 2020 From A Domestic Pig In Northern Vietnam, Quang Lam Truong, Thi Lan Nguyen, Thi Hoa Nguyen, Jishu Shi, Hiep Lai Xuan Vu, Thi Lan Huong Lai, Van Giap Nguyen

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

This study reports the genome sequence of an isolated African swine fever (ASF) virus (VNUA-ASFV-05L1/HaNam) obtained at the fourth passage on pulmonary alveolar macrophages. The virus was isolated during a typical acute ASF outbreak in pigs in a northern province of Vietnam in 2020.

Iv Amiodarone Vs Iv Sotalol Use In Postoperative Junctional Ectopic Tachycardia (Jet): A Randomized Study, Tanner Isaacson

Research Days

Background: Junctional ectopic tachycardia (JET) is one of the most common post-operative arrhythmias encountered following congenital heart surgery. For many, amiodarone is the pharmacologic treatment of choice. While effective, amiodarone has been associated with dose-related adverse effects. Sotalol has been approved for intravenous use in pediatric patients in the United States to treat both supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias, although pediatric data remains limited. Sotalol has class III antiarrhythmic properties with some mild β-adrenergic blocking effects, similar to amiodarone. Data shows a lower rate of cardiovascular collapse and adverse events with sotalol in patients with congenital heart disease. At present, it …

Effects Of Social Determinants Of Health In Progression To Type 2 Diabetes, Folabi I. Ariganjoye

Applied Research Projects

The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in the United States and around the world has increased faster than expected in the last 30 years. The economic burden this costs a nation can be astronomic both in terms of expense and loss in productivity. One-third of U.S. adults, 86 million people, have prediabetes. Effective management is needed that can reach these 86 million, and others at high risk, to reduce their progression to diagnosed Type 2 diabetes. After the literature review, there was not enough literature to support how these led to the progression to diabetes. The abundant literature is centered …

The Immune Microenvironment And Relation To Outcome In Patients With Advanced Breast Cancer Treated With Docetaxel With Or Without Gemcitabine, Elisabeth S. Stovgaard, Karama Asleh, Nazia Riaz, Samuel Leung, Dongxia Gao, Lise B. Nielsen, Anne-Vibeke Lænkholm, Eva Balslev, Maj-Britt Jensen, Dorte Nielsen, Torsten O. Nielsen

Centre for Regenerative Medicine & Stem Cell Research

Preclinical studies suggest that some effects of conventional chemotherapy, and in particular, gemcitabine, are mediated through enhanced antitumor immune responses. The objective of this study was to use material from a randomized clinical trial to evaluate whether patients with preexisting immune infiltrates responded better to treatment with gemcitabine + docetaxel (GD) compared to docetaxel alone. Formalin fixed, paraffin-embedded breast cancer tissues from SBG0102 phase 3 trial patients randomly assigned to treatment with GD or docetaxel were used. Immunohistochemical staining for CD8, FOXP3, LAG3, PD-1, PD-L1 and CD163 was performed. Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor associated macrophages were evaluated. Prespecified …

Intracranial Vcam1 At Time Of Mechanical Thrombectomy Predicts Ischemic Stroke Severity, Benton Maglinger, Madison Sands, Jacqueline A. Frank, Christopher J. Mclouth, Amanda L. Trout, Jill M. Roberts, Stephen Grupke, Jadwiga Turchan-Cholewo, Ann M. Stowe, Justin F. Fraser, Keith R. Pennypacker

Behavioral Science Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Emergent large vessel occlusion (ELVO) strokes are devastating ischemic vascular events for which novel treatment options are needed. Using vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM1) as a prototype, the objective of this study was to identify proteomic biomarkers and network signaling functions that are potential therapeutic targets for adjuvant treatment for mechanical thrombectomy.

METHODS: The blood and clot thrombectomy and collaboration (BACTRAC) study is a continually enrolling tissue bank and registry from stroke patients undergoing mechanical thrombectomy. Plasma proteins from intracranial (distal to clot) and systemic arterial blood (carotid) were analyzed by Olink Proteomics for N=42 subjects. Statistical …