Medical Specialties Commons^™

A Comprehensive Review Of Covid-19: Associated Endocrine Manifestations, Saif Khan Md, Maryam Karim Mbbs, Vasu Gupta, Heenam Goel Md, Rohit Jain Md

Articles

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has played a significant part in systematic damage, affecting lives and leading to significant mortality. The endocrine system is one of the systems affected by this pandemic outbreak. The relationship between them has been identified in previous and ongoing research. The mechanism through which severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) can achieve this is similar to that for organs that express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, which is the primary binding site of the virus. Endocrine cells widely express angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors and transmembrane serine protease 2, the primary mediators initiating the acute phase of the disease. …

Outcomes Among Heart Failure Patients Hospitalized For Acute Pulmonary Embolism And Covid-19 Infection: Insight From The National Inpatient Sample, Bruce Adrian Casipit, Sahana Tito, Isaac Ogunmola, Abiodun Idowu, Shivaraj Patil, Kevin Lo, Behnam Bozorgnia

Einstein Health Papers

There is paucity of data regarding the outcomes of hospitalized acute pulmonary embolism (PE) patients with heart failure (HF) and Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection. We utilized the 2020 National Inpatient Sample (NIS) Database in conducting a retrospective cohort study to investigate the outcomes of hospitalized acute PE patients with HF and COVID-19, looking at its impact on in-hospital mortality, thrombolysis, and thrombectomy utilization as well as hospital length of stay (LOS). A total of 23,413 hospitalized acute PE patients with HF were identified in our study, of which 1.26% (n = 295/23,413) had COVID-19 infection. Utilizing a stepwise survey …

Incidence Rates Of Medically Attended Covid-19 In Infants Less Than 6 Months Of Age, Isabel Griffin, Stephanie A Irving, Carmen Sofia Arriola, Angela P Campbell, De-Kun Li, Fatimah S Dawood, Caroline Doughty-Skierski, Jeannette R Ferber, Nickolas Ferguson, Louise Hadden, Jillian T Henderson, Mary Juergens, Venkatesh Kancharla, Allison L Naleway, Gabriella Newes-Adeyi, Erin Nicholson, Roxana Odouli, Lawrence Reichle, Mo Sanyang, Kate Woodworth, Flor M Munoz

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Studies suggest infants may be at increased risk of severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) relative to older children, but few data exist regarding the incidence of COVID-19 episodes and associated risk factors. We estimate incidence rates and describe characteristics associated with medically attended COVID-19 episodes among infants younger than 6 months of age.

METHODS: We analyzed electronic medical record data from a cohort of infants born March 1, 2020-February 28, 2021. Data from 3 health care delivery systems included demographic characteristics, maternal and infant outpatient visit and hospitalization diagnoses and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) test …

The Effects Of Stigma Against Hiv And Tuberculosis On Patient Mental Health And Healthcare-Seeking Behavior In Dharamshala, Isabel Powell

Independent Study Project (ISP) Collection

HIV and tuberculosis are highly impactful diseases in India, causing severe morbidity, mortality, and suffering for millions. The stigmatization of these diseases unnecessarily exacerbates suffering for those afflicted and their families, compounding to the existing physical and emotional burden of diagnosis. Individual interviews with healthcare workers were conducted at Delek Hospital and the Tibetan Children’s Village in order to identify the existence and effects of stigma in the Tibetan refugee population in Dharamshala. Respondents reported an extremely high burden of tuberculosis in the community, complicated by the refugee status and unique infrastructural challenges of the population. The burden of HIV …

Accuracy Of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring In Vancomycin And The Pharmacist Role: A Retrospective Case-Series, Kateryna Parkhomenko

Senior Theses

Vancomycin is a mainstay of therapy for treating virulent and resistant infections, especially methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). However, vancomycin requires therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) for optimal dosing and treatment. This requires pharmacists to calculate a dosing regimen that correlates to appropriate goal vancomycin concentrations in the blood. Dosing vancomycin can be difficult, as it varies on a patient’s weight, renal function, age, etc. Doses may have to be adjusted in response to out-of-range concentrations, which requires further pharmacy calculations. Inaccurate dosing poses a risk to patient safety and places a resource and time burden on pharmacists. If vancomycin dosing methods …

Efficacy And Safety Of Azithromycin Versus Placebo To Treat Lower Respiratory Tract Infections Associated With Low Procalcitonin: A Randomised, Placebo-Controlled, Double-Blind, Non-Inferiority Trial, Ephraim L Tsalik, Nadine G Rouphael, Ruxana T Sadikot, Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas, Micah T Mcclain, Dana M Wilkins, Christopher W Woods, Geeta K Swamy, Emmanuel B Walter, Hana M El Sahly, Wendy A Keitel, Mark J Mulligan, Bonifride Tuyishimire, Elisavet Serti, Toshimitsu Hamasaki, Scott R Evans, Varduhi Ghazaryan, Marina S Lee, Ebbing Lautenbach, Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group, Trap-Lrti Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Lower respiratory tract infections are frequently treated with antibiotics, despite a viral cause in many cases. It remains unknown whether low procalcitonin concentrations can identify patients with lower respiratory tract infection who are unlikely to benefit from antibiotics. We aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of azithromycin versus placebo to treat lower respiratory tract infections in patients with low procalcitonin.

METHODS: We conducted a randomised, placebo-controlled, double-blind, non-inferiority trial at five health centres in the USA. Adults aged 18 years or older with clinically suspected non-pneumonia lower respiratory tract infection and symptom duration from 24 h to 28 …

Utilizing The System Engineering Trade Study Analysis Method To Analyze Patient Aeromedical Evacuation, Sara Shaghaghi, Jeremy M. Slagley, Michael E. Miller, Gaiven Varshney

Faculty Publications

The US Air Force has gone through many aeromedical patient isolation transport system designs. The first designs were developed in response to the Ebola outbreak in 2014 and, more recently, the COVID-19 pandemic. The trade study analysis part of the system engineering design method was used to analyze the historic and current aeromedical patient contamination control transport systems. A trade study is a process that evaluates alternatives based upon various “-ilities”, such as reconfigurability, flexibility, durability, cost, and more, and performs a systematic analysis to aid designers in producing a ‘good’ design alternative given the large set of possible solutions. …

Tailoring Of Neurosurgical Practice During Covid-19 In A Developing Country: Insights Gained And A Way Forward, Mustafa Mushtaq Husaain, Syeda Alisha Ali Zaida, Mujtaba Khalil, Muhammad Waqas Saeed Baqai, Altaf Ali Laghari, Muhammad Ehsan Bari

Section of Neurosurgery

Background: The coronavirus disease-19 pandemic has aggravated the already neglected neurosurgical specialty in developing countries with a mounting shortage of specialists, long queues of operative patients, and a lack of adequate critical care units.
Methods: We have reviewed the innovative strategies adopted for maintaining an optimal surgical practice while ensuring team safety at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi Pakistan.
Results: There is already a scarcity of resources in developing countries. The international guidelines had to be tailored to the context of the developing world. A multimodal strategy that focused on infection control, continuum of care, and the well-being of …

Impact Of Testosterone Use On The Vaginal Microbiota Of Transgender Men, Including Susceptibility To Bacterial Vaginosis: Study Protocol For A Prospective, Observational Study, Christina A. Muzny, Olivia T. Van Gerwen, Julia A. Schroeder, Emma Sophia Kay-Duncan, Krishmita Siwakoti, Kristal J. Aaron, Isaac C. Eastlund, Keonte J. Graves, Jacob H. Elnaggar, Ashutosh Tamhane, Dustin Long, Nicholas Van Wagoner, Evelyn Toh, Christopher M. Taylor

School of Graduate Studies Faculty Publications

Introduction The effect of testosterone (T) therapy on the vaginal microbiota of transgender men (TGM) is not well characterised, although one cross-sectional study comparing the vaginal microbiota of cisgender women to TGM on T≥1 year found that, in 71% of the TGM, the vaginal microbiota was less likely to be Lactobacillus-dominated and more likely to be enriched with >30 other bacterial species, many associated with bacterial vaginosis (BV). This prospective study aims to investigate changes in the composition of the vaginal microbiota over time in TGM who retain their natal genitalia (ie, vagina) and initiate T. In addition, we will …

Disease Risk Of Reintroducing Primates Confiscated From The Illegal Wildlife Trade, Ana Patricia Mendoza Becerra

Dissertations

Zoonotic infections are easily shared between human and other primates, and thus primate trafficking poses a high risk of introducing zoonotic pathogens into urban environments as well as spreading human-associated diseases into natural environments when infected primates are released. The magnitude of these risks has not been thoroughly studied in the context of primate trafficking and rehabilitation of Neotropical primates. In this dissertation, I address some knowledge gaps in disease risk analysis of reintroducing trafficked primates. In chapter 1, I describe the dynamics, diversity, and composition of live wildlife trafficking in urban markets in Peru. I found these markets are …

A Randomized Phase I/Ii Safety And Immunogenicity Study Of The Montanide-Adjuvanted Sars-Cov-2 Spike Protein-Rbd-Fc Vaccine, Aks-452, Eline A Feitsma, Yester F Janssen, Hendrikus H Boersma, Yannick Van Sleen, Debbie Van Baarle, David G Alleva, Thomas M Lancaster, Thillainaygam Sathiyaseelan, Sylaja Murikipudi, Andrea R Delpero, Melanie M Scully, Ramya Ragupathy, Sravya Kotha, Jeffrey R Haworth, Nishit J Shah, Vidhya Rao, Shashikant Nagre, Shannon E Ronca, Freedom M Green, Ari Aminetzah, Frans Sollie, Schelto Kruijff, Maarten Brom, Gooitzen M Van Dam, Todd C Zion

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Previous interim data from a phase I study of AKS-452, a subunit vaccine comprising an Fc fusion of the respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein receptor binding domain (SP/RBD) emulsified in the water-in-oil adjuvant, Montanide™ ISA 720, suggested a good safety and immunogenicity profile in healthy adults. This phase I study was completed and two dosing regimens were further evaluated in this phase II study.

METHODS: This phase II randomized, open-labelled, parallel group study was conducted at a single site in The Netherlands with 52 healthy adults (18 - 72 years) receiving AKS-452 subcutaneously at one 90 µg …

The Effects Of Different Antihypertensives, Steroids, And Beta Blockers On Covid-19 Outcomes In A Ckd And Non-Ckd Cohort In Detroit, Michigan, Vidhya Nadarajan, Maham Ahmed, Katerina Furman, Zoya Gurm, Priyanka Kale, Zaina Khoury, Paul Kim, Sara Koussa, Dana Labuda, Margo Mekjian, Pooja Polamarasetti, Charlotte Thill, Sophie Wittenberg, Sorabh Dhar, Dragana Komnenov

Medical Student Research Symposium

Initial studies during the COVID-19 pandemic reported angiotensin converting enzyme 2 inhibitors (ACE2i) could be associated with worse disease course due to potential increase in ACE2 receptors which SARS-CoV2 virus uses for cellular entry. Subsequent studies refuted such concerns, reporting that continued use of ACEis and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in hypertensive individuals is protective. However, there remains a paucity of data evaluating effects of various antihypertensive medications, steroids, and beta blockers in chronic kidney disease (CKD) populations and in individuals with normal kidney function. This study was designed to evaluate the potential risks associated with antihypertensive medications and COVID-19 …

Influence Of Canonical And Non-Canonical Ifnlr1 Isoform Expression On Interferon Lambda Signaling, John Evans

MUSC Theses and Dissertations

Interferon lambdas (IFNLs) are innate immune cytokines that induce antiviral cellular responses by signaling through a heterodimer composed of IL10RB and the interferon lambda receptor 1 (IFNLR1). Multiple IFNLR1 transcriptional variants are expressed in vivo and are predicted to encode distinct protein isoforms whose function is not fully established. IFNLR1 isoform 1 has the highest relative transcriptional expression and encodes the full-length functional form that supports canonical IFNL signaling. IFNLR1 isoforms 2 and 3 have lower relative expression and are predicted to encode signaling defective proteins. To gain insight into IFNLR1 function and regulation, we explored how altering relative expression …

Fresh Produce As A Potential Vector And Reservoir For Human Bacterial Pathogens: Revealing The Ambiguity Of Interaction And Transmission, Ahmed Esmael, Rashad R. Al-Hindi, Raed S. Albiheyri, Mona G. Alharbi, Amani A. R. Filimban, Mazen S. Alseghayer, Abdulaziz M. Almaneea, Meshari Ahmed Alhadlaq, Jumaa Ayubu, Addisu D. Teklemariam

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

The consumer demand for fresh produce (vegetables and fruits) has considerably increased since the 1980s for more nutritious foods and healthier life practices, particularly in developed countries. Currently, several foodborne outbreaks have been linked to fresh produce. The global rise in fresh produce associated with human infections may be due to the use of wastewater or any contaminated water for the cultivation of fruits and vegetables, the firm attachment of the foodborne pathogens on the plant surface, and the internalization of these agents deep inside the tissue of the plant, poor disinfection practices and human consumption of raw fresh produce. …

Clinically Adjudicated Reference Standards For Evaluation Of Infectious Diseases Diagnostics, Robin Patel, Ephraim L Tsalik, Scott Evans, Vance G Fowler, Sarah B Doernberg, Antibacterial Resistance Leadership Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Lack of a gold standard can present a challenge for evaluation of diagnostic test accuracy of some infectious diseases tests, particularly when the test's accuracy potentially exceeds that of its predecessors. This approach may measure agreement with an imperfect reference, rather than correctness, because the right answer is unknown. Solutions consist of multitest comparators, including those that involve a test under evaluation if multiple new tests are being evaluated together, using latent class modeling, and clinically adjudicated reference standards. Clinically adjudicated reference standards may be considered as comparator methods when no predefined test or composite of tests is sufficiently accurate; …

Association Of Qaca/B And Smr Carriage With Staphylococcus Aureus Survival Following Exposure To Antiseptics In An Ex Vivo Venous Catheter Disinfection Model, J Chase Mcneil, Lauren M Sommer, Jesus G Vallejo, Kristina G Hulten, Sheldon L Kaplan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Many health care centers have reported an association between Staphylococcus aureus isolates bearing efflux pump genes and an elevated MIC/minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) to chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) and other antiseptics. The significance of these organisms is uncertain, given that their MIC/MBC is typically far lower than the CHG concentration in most commercial preparations. We sought to evaluate the relationship between carriage of the efflux pump genes qacA/B and smr in S. aureus and the efficacy of CHG-based antisepsis in a venous catheter disinfection model. S. aureus isolates with and without smr and/or qacA/B were utilized. The CHG MICs were determined. …

Bacteremia Due To Non-Staphylococcus Aureus Gram-Positive Cocci And Risk Of Cardiovascular Implantable Electronic Device Infection, Supavit Chesdachai, Larry M Baddour, M Rizwan Sohail, Bharath Raj Palraj, Malini Madhavan, Hussam Tabaja, Madiha Fida, Brian D Lahr, Daniel C Desimone

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) infection carries significant morbidity and mortality with bacteremia being a possible marker of device infection. A clinical profile of non-Staphylococcus aureus gram-positive cocci (non-SA GPC) bacteremia in patients with CIED has been limited.

OBJECTIVE: To examine characteristics of patients with CIED who developed non-SA GPC bacteremia and risk of CIED infection.

METHODS: We reviewed all patients with CIED who developed non-SA GPC bacteremia at the Mayo Clinic between 2012 and 2019. The 2019 European Heart Rhythm Association Consensus Document was used to define CIED infection.

RESULTS: A total of 160 patients with CIED …

Community-Onset Bacterial Coinfection In Children Critically Ill With Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection., Kristin L. Moffitt, Mari M. Nakamura, Cameron C. Young, Margaret M. Newhams, Natasha B. Halasa, J Nelson Reed, Julie C. Fitzgerald, Philip C. Spinella, Vijaya L. Soma, Tracie C. Walker, Laura L. Loftis, Aline B. Maddux, Michele Kong, Courtney M. Rowan, Charlotte V. Hobbs, Jennifer E. Schuster, Becky J. Riggs, Gwenn E. Mclaughlin, Kelly N. Michelson, Mark W. Hall, Christopher J. Babbitt, Natalie Z. Cvijanovich, Matt S. Zinter, Mia Maamari, Adam J. Schwarz, Aalok R. Singh, Heidi R. Flori, Shira J. Gertz, Mary A. Staat, John S. Giuliano, Saul R. Hymes, Katharine N. Clouser, John Mcguire, Christopher L. Carroll, Neal J. Thomas, Emily R. Levy, Adrienne G. Randolph

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Community-onset bacterial coinfection in adults hospitalized with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is reportedly uncommon, though empiric antibiotic use has been high. However, data regarding empiric antibiotic use and bacterial coinfection in children with critical illness from COVID-19 are scarce.

METHODS: We evaluated children and adolescents agedadmission, we adjudicated whether patients had community-onset bacterial coinfection. We compared demographic and clinical characteristics of those who did and did not (1) receive antibiotics and (2) have bacterial coinfection early in admission. Using Poisson regression models, we assessed factors associated with these outcomes.

RESULTS: Of the 532 patients, 63.3% received empiric antibiotics, but …

Eczema Monkeypoxicum In A Female Patient With Atopic Dermatitis, Emma Napoli, Madeline Frizzell, Clark Gravell, Sergio Vallejo, Shasta Theodore, Karen Chen, Huma Siddiqui, Justin Dunn, Dora Marrufo, Jose Cadena, Patrick J Danaher

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

A female patient with atopic dermatitis who had recently received a tattoo presented with severe right ear pain and several vesiculopustular lesions. Over 1 week, she developed approximately 80 widely distributed lesions. Laboratory testing confirmed mpox (previously monkeypox) virus, and no further lesions developed after initiation of oral tecovirimat.

A Randomized, Controlled Phase 1b Trial Of The Sm-Tsp-2 Vaccine For Intestinal Schistosomiasis In Healthy Brazilian Adults Living In An Endemic Area, David J Diemert, Rodrigo Correa-Oliveira, Carlo Geraldo Fraga, Frederico Talles, Marcella Rezende Silva, Shital M Patel, Shirley Galbiati, Jessie K Kennedy, Jordan S Lundeen, Maria Flavia Gazzinelli, Guangzhao Li, Lara Hoeweler, Gregory A Deye, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Peter J Hotez, Hana M El Sahly, Wendy A Keitel, Jeffrey Bethony, Robert L Atmar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Recombinant Schistosoma mansoni Tetraspanin-2 formulated on Alhydrogel (Sm-TSP-2/Alhydrogel) is being developed to prevent intestinal and hepatic disease caused by S. mansoni. The tegumentary Sm-TSP-2 antigen was selected based on its unique recognition by cytophilic antibodies in putatively immune individuals living in areas of ongoing S. mansoni transmission in Brazil, and preclinical studies in which vaccination with Sm-TSP-2 protected mice following infection challenge.

METHODS: A randomized, observer-blind, controlled, Phase 1b clinical trial was conducted in 60 healthy adults living in a region of Brazil with ongoing S. mansoni transmission. In each cohort of 20 participants, 16 were randomized to receive …

Clic And Membrane Wound Repair Pathways Enable Pandemic Norovirus Entry And Infection, B Vijayalakshmi Ayyar, Khalil Ettayebi, Wilhelm Salmen, Umesh C Karandikar, Frederick H Neill, Victoria R Tenge, Sue E Crawford, Erhard Bieberich, B V Venkataram Prasad, Robert L Atmar, Mary K Estes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Globally, most cases of gastroenteritis are caused by pandemic GII.4 human norovirus (HuNoV) strains with no approved therapies or vaccines available. The cellular pathways that these strains exploit for cell entry and internalization are unknown. Here, using nontransformed human jejunal enteroids (HIEs) that recapitulate the physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, we show that infectious GII.4 virions and virus-like particles are endocytosed using a unique combination of endosomal acidification-dependent clathrin-independent carriers (CLIC), acid sphingomyelinase (ASM)-mediated lysosomal exocytosis, and membrane wound repair pathways. We found that besides the known interaction of the viral capsid Protruding (P) domain with host glycans, the Shell …

Developing Consensus On Clinical Outcomes For Children With Mild Pneumonia: A Delphi Study, Todd A Florin, Joy Melnikow, Melissa Gosdin, Ryan Ciuffetelli, Jillian Benedetti, Dustin Ballard, Marianne Gausche-Hill, Matthew P Kronman, Lisa A Martin, Rakesh D Mistry, Mark I Neuman, Debra L Palazzi, Sameer J Patel, Wesley H Self, Samir S Shah, Sonal N Shah, Susan Sirota, Andrea T Cruz, Richard Ruddy, Jeffrey S Gerber, Nathan Kuppermann

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: The absence of consensus for outcomes in pediatric antibiotic trials is a major barrier to research harmonization and clinical translation. We sought to develop expert consensus on study outcomes for clinical trials of children with mild community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

METHODS: Applying the Delphi method, a multispecialty expert panel ranked the importance of various components of clinical response and treatment failure outcomes in children with mild CAP for use in research. During Round 1, panelists suggested additional outcomes in open-ended responses that were added to subsequent rounds of consensus building. For Rounds 2 and 3, panelists were provided their own …

Sars-Cov-2 Screening Testing Programs For Safe In-Person Learning In K-12 Schools., Ibukunoluwa C. Kalu, Kanecia O. Zimmerman, Jennifer Goldman, Dana Keener Mast, Ashley M. Blakemore, Ganga Moorthy, Angelique E. Boutzoukas, Melissa M. Campbell, Diya Uthappa, Jesse Delarosa, Jessica M. Potts, Laura J. Edwards, Rangaraj Selvarangan, Daniel K. Benjamin, Tara K. Mann, Jennifer E. Schuster

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) screening testing is a recommended mitigation strategy for schools, although few descriptions of program implementation are available.

METHODS: Kindergarten through 12th grade (K-12) students and staff practicing universal masking during the delta and omicron variant waves from five schools in Durham, North Carolina and eight schools in Kansas City, Missouri participated; Durham's program was structured as a public health initiative facilitated by school staff, and Kansas City's as a research study facilitated by a research team. Tests included school-based rapid antigen or polymerase chain reaction testing, at-home rapid antigen testing, and off-site …

Impact Of Penicillin Allergy Labels On Children Treated For Outpatient Respiratory Infections, Torsten Joerger, Margaret G Taylor, Yun Li, Debra L Palazzi, Jeffrey S Gerber

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Penicillin allergy is the most common antibiotic allergy, yet most children labeled as allergic tolerate penicillin. The impact of inaccurate penicillin allergy labels (PALs) on pediatric outpatients is unknown. The objective of this study was to compare outcomes between children with and without a PAL after treatment for outpatient respiratory tract infections (RTI).

METHODS: A retrospective, longitudinal birth cohort study was performed in children who received care in 90 pediatric primary care practices in Philadelphia and Houston metropolitan areas. Prescribing and clinical outcomes of children with a PAL at the time of an RTI were compared to non-allergic children, …

Development Of A Rn Clinical Coach Program To Improve Retention Of Icu Residents And Fellows, Megan Jones, Sarah Sumner, Kristen Mayberry

Providence Nursing Research Conference 2023 – Present

Development of a RN Clinical Coach program to improve retention of ICU residents and fellows

Background:
The COVID-19 pandemic caused contributed to significant increases in ICU nurse turnover. To restore the ICU nursing workforce and rebuild a healthy work environment, evidence-based strategies are needed to provide social support and ongoing clinical skills development for large cohorts of ICU residents and fellows.

Purpose:
The purpose of the Clinical Coach program was to increase retention of ICU residents and fellows and foster a healthy work environment at a ministry in Southern California.

Methods:
In September 2021 the ICU manager at Providence Saint …

Empiric Antibiotic Management Pathway (Eamp), Michelle Brunelle

Providence Nursing Research Conference 2023 – Present

No abstract provided.

Sulopenem For The Treatment Of Complicated And Uncomplicated Bacterial Urinary Tract Infection (Uti), Aiyi Chen, Thanh-Liem Vu, Daniel J. Yang, Landon Olsen

Annual Research Symposium

No abstract provided.

Comparison Of Two Diagnostic Assays For The Detection Of Serum Neutralizing Antibody To Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus, Justin Brown, Korakrit Poonsuk, Ting-Yu Cheng, Chris Rademacher, Erin Kalkwarf, Liying Tian, Lauren A. Mckeen, Chong Wang, Luis Gimenez-Lirola, Gimenez-Lirola Baum, Locke A. Karriker

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Lactogenic immunity is important for the protection of piglets against many pathogens including porcine epidemic diarrhea virus. Circulating neutralizing antibodies levels in sow sera may help determine if a detectable immune response could confer protection to piglets. Neutralizing antibodies can be detected through various diagnostic assays. This study evaluated the diagnostic characteristics of two neutralizing antibody assays for porcine epidemic diarrhea virus neutralizing antibodies in serum of challenged gilts. Four treatment groups, control, non-vaccinated, vaccinated prior to challenge, and vaccinated following challenge, were comprised of 20 gilts. Serum sample were collected from each gilt prior to and following challenge with …

The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic Unmasked The Challenges Faced By Early-Stage Faculty In Infectious Diseases: A Call To Action, Erin M Scherer, Martin Backer, Karen Carvajal, Lara Danziger-Isakov, Sharon Frey, Leigh M Howard, Felicia Scaggs Huang, Angelica C Kottkamp, Tara Reid, Maria C Rodriguez-Barradas, Helen C Stankiewicz Karita, Zheyi Teoh, Anna Wald, Jennifer Whitaker, Zanthia Wiley, Igho Ofotokun, Kathryn M Edwards, Infectious Diseases Clinical Research Consortium (Idcrc) Mentorship Program Writing Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and associated increase in family care responsibilities resulted in unsustainable personal and professional workloads for infectious diseases (ID) faculty on the front lines. This was especially true for early-stage faculty (ESF), many of whom had caregiving responsibilities. In addition, female faculty, underrepresented in medicine and science faculty and particularly ESF, experienced marked declines in research productivity, which significantly impacts career trajectories. When combined with staffing shortages due to an aging workforce and suboptimal recruitment and retention in ID, these work-life imbalances have brought the field to an inflection point. We propose actionable recommendations and …

Was Kaposi’S Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus Introduced Into China Via The Ancient Silk Road? An Evolutionary Perspective, Zhenqiu Liu, Qiwen Fang, Jialu Zuo, Veenu Minhas, Charles Wood, Na He, Tiejun Zhang

Nebraska Center for Virology: Faculty Publications

Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) has become widely dispersed worldwide since it was first reported in 1994, but the seroprevalence of KSHV varies geographically. KSHV is relatively ubiquitous in Mediterranean areas and the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China. The origin of KSHV has long been puzzling. In the present study, we collected and analysed 154 KSHV ORF-K1 sequences obtained from samples originating from Xinjiang, Italy, Greece, Iran and southern Siberia using Bayesian evolutionary analysis in BEAST to test the hypothesis that KSHV was introduced into Xinjiang via the ancient Silk Road. According to the phylogenetic analysis, 72 sequences were subtype A …