Medical Specialties Commons^™

Localized Cardiac Small Molecule Trajectories And Persistent Chemical Sequelae In Experimental Chagas Disease, Zongyuan Liu, Rebecca Ulrich Vonbargen, April L Kendricks, Kate Wheeler, Ana Carolina Leão, Krithivasan Sankaranarayanan, Danya A Dean, Shelley S Kane, Ekram Hossain, Jeroen Pollet, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Peter J Hotez, Kathryn M Jones, Laura-Isobel Mccall

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Post-infectious conditions present major health burdens but remain poorly understood. In Chagas disease (CD), caused by Trypanosoma cruzi parasites, antiparasitic agents that successfully clear T. cruzi do not always improve clinical outcomes. In this study, we reveal differential small molecule trajectories between cardiac regions during chronic T. cruzi infection, matching with characteristic CD apical aneurysm sites. Incomplete, region-specific, cardiac small molecule restoration is observed in animals treated with the antiparasitic benznidazole. In contrast, superior restoration of the cardiac small molecule profile is observed for a combination treatment of reduced-dose benznidazole plus an immunotherapy, even with less parasite burden reduction. Overall, …

Lower Versus Higher Oxygen Targets For Out-Of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Xin Cheng, Yu Zhang, Haidong Deng, Yuning Feng, Weelic Chong, Yang Hai, Pengfei Hao, Jialing He, Tiangui Li, Liyuan Peng, Peng Wang, Yangchun Xiao, Fang Fang

Student Papers, Posters & Projects

BACKGROUND: Supplemental oxygen is commonly administered to patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, the findings from studies on oxygen targeting for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest are inconclusive. Thus, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of lower oxygen target compared with higher oxygen target on patients after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.

METHODS: We searched the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, MEDLINE, Embase, from inception to February 6, 2023, for randomized controlled trials comparing lower and higher oxygen target in adults (aged ≥ 18 years) after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We screened studies and extracted data independently. The primary …

Evaluation Of Telephone Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation Performance In Current Practice In Saudi Arabia, Meshary Binhotan, Joanne Turnbull, Graham Petley, Nawfal Aljerian, Mohammad Altuwaijri

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objectives: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) is a global health problem with a low survival rate. Telephone cardiopulmonary resuscitation (T-CPR) guidance by emergency medical services (EMS) dispatchers can improve CPR performance and, consequently, survival rates. Accordingly, the American Heart Association (AHA) has released performance standards for T-CPR in current practice to improve its quality. However, no study has examined T-CPR performance in Saudi Arabia. Therefore, this study aims to evaluate T-CPR performance in the Saudi Arabian EMS system.

Methods: A retrospective observation of OHCA calls in current practice was conducted in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. OHCA calls were reviewed to identify those …

Cardiac Rehabilitation In Abu Dhabi: A Retrospective Investigation Of Program Delivery, Participants, And Factors Associated With Program Completion Utilizing A Hospital Registry, Aaron Heisey Thrush

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

Objectives: Investigations into the provision of cardiac rehabilitation from the Arabian Gulf countries are rare, despite suffering from an unusually high prevalence of cardiovascular disease. This study reports patient and program characteristics from an exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation program in Abu Dhabi, and factors associated with program completion. Methods: Data was drawn from the institution’s cardiac rehabilitation registry, populated from the electronic medical record of patients enrolled in the hospital-based cardiac rehabilitation program, from 2015 to 2022. The program was administered by physical therapist and nurse specialists and guided by individualized exercise parameters. Completion of the program was defined as attendance …

Left Pulmonary Artery Occlusion Following Device Closure Of Patent Ductus Arteriosus In Premature Infants, Jesus C. Jaile, Ernest Siwik, Sergio Bartakian

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Device closure of a patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is rapidly evolving, with the Amplatzer Piccolo Occluder (Abbott) receiving US Food and Drug Administration approval and becoming the first device approved for PDA closure in patients ≥700 g. We report on the first known cases of complete left pulmonary artery (LPA) occlusion following Piccolo closure of a PDA in premature infants. Methods: Retrospective chart analysis of PDA closures. Results: We have performed over 50 cases of Piccolo device closure of the PDA in preterm neonates in the past 2 years, with these 2 cases representing our only complications (4%). This …

Recognizing A “Hot Phase” Of An Arrhythmogenic Left Ventricular Cardiomyopathy: A Case Report, Margarida Cabral, Sara Fernandes, Catarina Ruivo, Hélia Martins, João Morais

Journal of the Saudi Heart Association

A 35-year-old male, with a medical history of acute myocarditis, presented with palpitations. Further investigation revealed non-sustained ventricular tachycardia and a slightly reduced left ventricular systolic function. Cardiac magnetic resonance showed extended late gadolinium enhancement of the left ventricle and fat infiltration. Genetic testing was positive for a pathogenic desmoplakin mutation, fulfilling the criteria of arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy. In conclusion, the authors described a case of a mimicked acute myocarditis at a young age in a patient with an arrhythmogenic left ventricular cardiomyopathy. Therefore, the genetic study is essential for both diagnosis and management.

Hippo Pathway Knockdown Gene Therapy In The Heart, Todd R Heallen, James F Martin

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Orthostatic Hypotension, Hypertension Treatment, And Cardiovascular Disease: An Individual Participant Meta-Analysis, Stephen P Juraschek, Jiun-Ruey Hu, Jennifer L Cluett, Anthony M Ishak, Carol Mita, Lewis A Lipsitz, Lawrence J Appel, Nigel S Beckett, Ruth L Coleman, William C Cushman, Barry R Davis, Greg Grandits, Rury R Holman, Edgar R Miller, Ruth Peters, Jan A Staessen, Addison A Taylor, Lutgarde Thijs, Jackson T Wright, Kenneth J Mukamal

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: There are ongoing concerns about the benefits of intensive vs standard blood pressure (BP) treatment among adults with orthostatic hypotension or standing hypotension.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the effect of a lower BP treatment goal or active therapy vs a standard BP treatment goal or placebo on cardiovascular disease (CVD) or all-cause mortality in strata of baseline orthostatic hypotension or baseline standing hypotension.

DATA SOURCES: Individual participant data meta-analysis based on a systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and CENTRAL databases through May 13, 2022.

STUDY SELECTION: Randomized trials of BP pharmacologic treatment (more intensive BP goal or active agent) with …

Interruption Of The Tricuspid Regurgitant Jet: A Possible Consequence Of Reflected Waves, Saad Ngoga, Nicole Schulick, J. Christopher Bouwmeester, Jiun-Jr Wang, Gregg S. Pressman

Einstein Health Papers

Reflected pressure waves can impact central aortic pressure, and can cause notching of the pulmonic valve Doppler signal. However, reflected waves in the venous system usually do not achieve a high enough velocity to alter Doppler flow patterns. Herein we report a case of systolic notching of the tricuspid regurgitant signal that likely resulted from reflected venous waves.

Endothelial Dysfunction And Cardiometabolic Risk Factors In Mexican American Adults: The Cameron County Hispanic Cohort, Enrique Garcia-Sayan, Miryoung Lee, James R Stone, Danielle M Stone, Beverly Smulevitz, David D Mcpherson, Susan P Fisher-Hoch, Joseph B Mccormick, Susan T Laing

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Endothelial dysfunction assessed by impaired brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD) predicts incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). We have previously shown that clustering of diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome in young Hispanic patients was associated with subclinical atherosclerosis. This study aimed to assess determinants of impaired FMD response (%FMD), an earlier marker of atherosclerosis, in a population-based sample of asymptomatic Mexican Americans. Cardiometabolic biomarkers and FMD were obtained from 960 Cameron County Hispanic Cohort participants. Gender-specific median values of %FMD were used to categorize participants into those with %FMD below or above the median. The sample was further stratified into those younger …

A Rare Case Of Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy In An Elderly Lady During Hospital Stay, Himabindu Kolli, Ashika A. Chacko, Pooja Maknoor, Nazish Khan, Timothy Heath

Research Colloquium

Introduction: Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy (TTC) is an acute, reversible form of left ventricular systolic dysfunction, most often triggered by a sudden physical, or less commonly emotional event. Here, we describe a patient who developed Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy during her hospital stay.

Case Description: 74-year-old Hispanic lady, a nursing home resident presented to the ED with altered mental status. She was admitted for septic shock due to UTI. Echocardiogram demonstrated normal systolic function, with 60-65% LV ejection fraction. After initiation of antibiotic therapy, she showed clinical improvement with resolution of shock.

On day 8 of hospitalization, patient became emotionally upset and her clinical …

A Case Of Device Lead Induced Severe Tricuspid Regurgitation And Right-Sided Heart Failure, Nina Shyama Appareddy, Michaela Iglesia, Ayman Khaddam, Henry Kwang, Eduardo D. Flores

Research Colloquium

Background: Interference of device leads with closure of the tricuspid leaflets can cause severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and right-sided heart failure, as can heart failure with reduced LV function (HfrEF), and left sided valve disease.

Case Presentation: A 78-year-old male with history of coronary artery disease s/p remote coronary bypass, ischemic cardiomyopathy with left ventricular ejection fraction 35-40%, and inducible ventricular tachycardia status post defibrillator presented with worsening dyspnea on exertion, easy fatigue, lower extremity pitting edema, anasarca, abdominal bloating and new systolic murmurs at the right upper and left lower sternal borders. An Echocardiogram demonstrated severe aortic stenosis with …

Mathematical Modeling Of Radiotherapy: Impact Of Model Selection On Estimating Minimum Radiation Dose For Tumor Control, Achyudhan R Kutuva, Jimmy J Caudell, Kosj Yamoah, Heiko Enderling, Mohammad U Zahid

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the most common anticancer therapies. Yet, current radiation oncology practice does not adapt RT dose for individual patients, despite wide interpatient variability in radiosensitivity and accompanying treatment response. We have previously shown that mechanistic mathematical modeling of tumor volume dynamics can simulate volumetric response to RT for individual patients and estimation personalized RT dose for optimal tumor volume reduction. However, understanding the implications of the choice of the underlying RT response model is critical when calculating personalized RT dose.

METHODS: In this study, we evaluate the mathematical implications and biological effects of 2 …

Sox7-Positive Endothelial Progenitors Establish Coronary Arteries And Govern Ventricular Compaction, Ivy Kn Chiang, David Humphrey, Richard J Mills, Peter Kaltzis, Shikha Pachauri, Matthew Graus, Diptarka Saha, Zhijian Wu, Paul Young, Choon Boon Sim, Tara Davidson, Andres Hernandez-Garcia, Chad A Shaw, Alexander Renwick, Daryl A Scott, Enzo R Porrello, Emily S Wong, James E Hudson, Kristy Red-Horse, Gonzalo Del Monte-Nieto, Mathias Francois

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

The cardiac endothelium influences ventricular chamber development by coordinating trabeculation and compaction. However, the endothelial-specific molecular mechanisms mediating this coordination are not fully understood. Here, we identify the Sox7 transcription factor as a critical cue instructing cardiac endothelium identity during ventricular chamber development. Endothelial-specific loss of Sox7 function in mice results in cardiac ventricular defects similar to non-compaction cardiomyopathy, with a change in the proportions of trabecular and compact cardiomyocytes in the mutant hearts. This phenotype is paralleled by abnormal coronary artery formation. Loss of Sox7 function disrupts the transcriptional regulation of the Notch pathway and connexins 37 and 40, …

A Simple Case Of Viral Myopericarditis Or A Complication Of Monoclonal Antibody Infusion?, Jose A. Rivera, Michael Menowsky

Research Colloquium

Background: Myocarditis has been a rare, but well-documented side effect of the mRNA-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 as well as a complication of viral infections including SARS-CoV-2. However, myopericarditis as a complication of monoclonal antibody infusion or as complication of allergic reaction to antibody infusions might be and underreported.

Case presentation: In this case, we report a 30-year-old man with a previous diagnosis of COVID infection 1 week prior to presentation, unvaccinated for SARS-CoV-2 who was referred from a monoclonal infusion center where he received casirivimab and imdevimab and 15 minutes after infusion began to complain of chills, chest pain, shortness …

Appropriateness Of Inpatient Transthoracic Echocardiography In A Community Hospital With A New Cardiology Fellowship Program, Christian D. Avalos, Y. Wady Aude

Research Colloquium

Background: The 2011 Appropriate Use Criteria (AUC) for echocardiography was developed to guide in the rational use of high quality cardiovascular imaging. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) orders with seemingly inappropriate indications were repeatedly identified at our hospital. Our goals were to identify the percentage of inappropriate TTEs, find a correlation between ordering physicians and appropriateness of TTEs, and reduce the inappropriate use of TTEs in the inpatient setting.

Methods: After implementing a required free-text indication for TTE orders, the indications of 100 random TTEs were retrospectively categorized as appropriate, inappropriate, and uncertain based on the AUC. TTEs for cardiac evaluation prior …

Global Effect Of Modifiable Risk Factors On Cardiovascular Disease And Mortality, Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium, Christina Magnussen, Francisco M Ojeda, Darryl P Leong, Jesus Alegre-Diaz, Philippe Amouyel, Larissa Aviles-Santa, Dirk De Bacquer, Christie M Ballantyne, Antonio Bernabé-Ortiz, Martin Bobak, Hermann Brenner, Rodrigo M Carrillo-Larco, James De Lemos, Annette Dobson, Marcus Dörr, Chiara Donfrancesco, Wojciech Drygas, Robin P Dullaart, Gunnar Engström, Marco M Ferrario, Jean Ferrières, Giovanni De Gaetano, Uri Goldbourt, Clicerio Gonzalez, Guido Grassi, Allison M Hodge, Kristian Hveem, Licia Iacoviello, M Kamran Ikram, Vilma Irazola, Modou Jobe, Pekka Jousilahti, Pontiano Kaleebu, Maryam Kavousi, Frank Kee, Davood Khalili, Wolfgang Koenig, Anna Kontsevaya, Kari Kuulasmaa, Karl J Lackner, David M Leistner, Lars Lind, Allan Linneberg, Thiess Lorenz, Magnus Nakrem Lyngbakken, Reza Malekzadeh, Sofia Malyutina, Ellisiv B Mathiesen, Olle Melander, Andres Metspalu, J Jaime Miranda, Marie Moitry, Joseph Mugisha, Mahdi Nalini, Vijay Nambi, Toshiharu Ninomiya, Karen Oppermann, Eleonora D'Orsi, Andrzej Pająk, Luigi Palmieri, Demosthenes Panagiotakos, Arokiasamy Perianayagam, Annette Peters, Hossein Poustchi, Andrew M Prentice, Eva Prescott, Ulf Risérus, Veikko Salomaa, Susana Sans, Satoko Sakata, Ben Schöttker, Aletta E Schutte, Sadaf G Sepanlou, Sanjib Kumar Sharma, Jonathan E Shaw, Leon A Simons, Stefan Söderberg, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Barbara Thorand, Hugh Tunstall-Pedoe, Raphael Twerenbold, Diego Vanuzzo, Giovanni Veronesi, Julia Waibel, S Goya Wannamethee, Masafumi Watanabe, Philipp S Wild, Yao Yao, Yi Zeng, Andreas Ziegler, Stefan Blankenberg

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Five modifiable risk factors are associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause mortality. The regional and sex-specific prevalence of these modifiable risk factors and their impact on CVD and all-cause mortality have not been evaluated using individual-level data.

METHODS: The Global Cardiovascular Risk Consortium harmonized individual-level data from 112 cohort studies conducted in 34 countries and 8 geographic regions. Associations between body-mass index, systolic blood pressure, non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, smoking, and diabetes with incident CVD and all-cause mortality were examined using Cox regression analyses and stratified by geographic region, age and sex. Population-attributable fractions were estimated for 10-year incident …

Vertebral Tortuosity Is Associated With Increased Rate Of Cardiovascular Events In Vascular Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome, Sara B Stephens, Sherene Shalhub, Nicholas Dodd, Jesse Li, Michael Huang, Seitaro Oda, Kalyan Kancherla, Tam T Doan, Siddharth K Prakash, Justin D Weigand, Federico M Asch, Taylor Beecroft, Alana Cecchi, Teniola Shittu, Liliana Preiss, Scott A Lemaire, Richard B Devereux, Reed E Pyeritz, Kathryn W Holmes, Mary J Roman, Ronald V Lacro, Ralph V Shohet, Rajesh Krishnamurthy, Kim Eagle, Peter Byers, Dianna M Milewicz, Shaine A Morris

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Background Arterial tortuosity is associated with adverse events in Marfan and Loeys-Dietz syndromes but remains understudied in Vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome. Methods and Results Subjects with a pathogenic

Association Of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease, Hypertension, Diabetes, And Hyperlipidemia With Gulf War Illness Among Gulf War Veterans, Sarah T Ahmed, Ruosha Li, Peter Richardson, Saurendro Ghosh, Lea Steele, Donna L White, Alice Nono Djotsa, Kellie Sims, Elizabeth Gifford, Elizabeth R Hauser, Salim S Virani, Robert Morgan, George Delclos, Drew A Helmer

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Approximately 30% of the 700 000 Gulf War veterans report a chronic symptom-based illness of varying severity referred to as Gulf War illness (GWI). toxic deployment-related exposures have been implicated in the cause of GWI, some of which contribute to metabolic dysregulation and lipid abnormalities. As this cohort ages, the relationship between GWI and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) is a growing concern. We evaluated associations between GWI and ASCVD, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension in veterans of the Gulf War (1990-1991).

METHODS AND RESULTS: Analysis of survey data collected in 2014 to 2016 from a national sample of deployed Gulf …

Using Noninvasive Calibrated Cuff Plethysmography To Observe The Effects Of Cold-Water Immersion On Arterial Compliance, Rita M. Grigorian

Master's Theses

As the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases continues to exponentially grow in populations across the globe, the necessity of determining underlying factors, effective methods of diagnoses, and universally available preventive measures also grows. Early detection of endothelial dysfunction, a proven precursor of cardiovascular diseases, can be extremely impactful in encouraging preventative measures and early intervention before medical conditions become chronic. In recent years, ice plunging, a form of cryotherapy involving full body immersion in cold water, has gained popularity within circles of fitness and health practitioners, gaining the interest of people of all backgrounds. Certain parallels observed between the human physiological …

Inflammasome Activation And Pyroptosis Mediate Coagulopathy And Inflammation In Salmonella Systemic Infection, Ankit Pandeya, Yan Zhang, Jian Cui, Ling Yang, Jeffery Li, Guoying Zhang, Congqing Wu, Zhenyu Li, Yinan Wei

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Inflammasome activation is a critical defense mechanism against bacterial infection. Previous studies suggest that inflammasome activation protects against Salmonella oral infection. Here we find inflammasome activation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Salmonella systemic infection. We show that in a systemic infection model by i.p. injection of Salmonella, deficiency of caspase-1 or gasdermin-D prolonged survival time, reduced plasma concentrations of the proinflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNFα. These deficiencies also protected against coagulopathy during Salmonella infection as evidenced by diminished prolongation of prothrombin time and increase in plasma thrombin-antithrombin complex concentrations in the caspase-1 or gasdermin-D deficient mice. …

Activated Protein C, Protein S, And Tissue Factor Pathway Inhibitor Cooperate To Inhibit Thrombin Activation, Xian Li, Xiaohong Song, Dlovan F. D. Mahmood, Martha M. S. Sim, Sara J. Bidarian, Jeremy P. Wood

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Introduction: Thrombin, the enzyme which converts fibrinogen into a fibrin clot, is produced by the prothrombinase complex, composed of factor Xa (FXa) and factor Va (FVa). Down-regulation of this process is critical, as excess thrombin can lead to life-threatening thrombotic events. FXa and FVa are inhibited by the anticoagulants tissue factor pathway inhibitor alpha (TFPIα) and activated protein C (APC), respectively, and their common cofactor protein S (PS). However, prothrombinase is resistant to either of these inhibitory systems in isolation. Materials and methods: We hypothesized that these anticoagulants function best together, and tested this hypothesis using purified proteins and plasma-based …

Novel Strategies In Antithrombotic Therapy: Targeting Thrombosis While Preserving Hemostasis, Martha M. S. Sim, Semekidus Shiferawe, Jeremy P. Wood

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Antithrombotic therapy is a delicate balance between the benefits of preventing a thrombotic event and the risks of inducing a major bleed. Traditional approaches have included antiplatelet and anticoagulant medications, require careful dosing and monitoring, and all carry some risk of bleeding. In recent years, several new targets have been identified, both in the platelet and coagulation systems, which may mitigate this bleeding risk. In this review, we briefly describe the current state of antithrombotic therapy, and then present a detailed discussion of the new generation of drugs that are being developed to target more safely existing or newly identified …

Peripheral Levels Of The Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor In Coronary Artery Disease: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Parnian Shobeiri, Amir Hossein Behnoush, Amirmohammad Khalaji, Antonio Lucio Teixeira, Nima Rezaei

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

BACKGROUND: Among its functions, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) regulates endothelial and macrophage activation, possibly playing a role in atherosclerotic plaque pathophysiology. Given contradicting reports, this study sought to investigate whether blood levels of BDNF differed between patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and controls.

METHODS: We explored PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies comparing BDNF blood levels in patients with CHD and controls. Random-effect meta-analysis was conducted to calculate the standardized mean differences (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). The Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to evaluate the quality of included articles, and statistical analyses were conducted …

Predictors Of Coronary Artery Disease In Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction At The Aga Khan University Hospital In Nairobi, Redemptar Kimeu, Jeilan Mohamed, Mzee Ngunga

Internal Medicine, East Africa

There appears to be an epidemiological transition in the etiology of heart failure in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) in parallel with a steady increase in risk factors for coronary artery disease (CAD). SSA has limited access to heart failure and CAD diagnostics, limiting the number of patients who receive optimal care. Our objectives were to study the predictors of coronary artery disease among patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and develop a model to assist clinicians in determining the likelihood of CAD before cardiac catheterization.

Methodology: This was a retrospective study at the Aga Khan University Hospital, …

3-Year Follow-Up Of A Prospective, Multicenter Study Of The Amplatzer Piccolo™ Occluder For Transcatheter Patent Ductus Arteriosus Closure In Children ≥ 700 Grams., Brian H. Morray, Shyam K. Sathanandam, Thomas Forbes, Matthew Gillespie, Darren Berman, Aimee K. Armstrong, Shabana Shahanavaz, Thomas Jones, Toby A. Rockefeller, Henri Justino, David Nykanen, Courtney Weiler, Dan Gutfinger, Evan M. Zahn

Manuscripts, Articles, Book Chapters and Other Papers

OBJECTIVE: This study describes 3-year follow-up of 200 infants weighing ≥ 700 grams who underwent transcatheter patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure with the Amplatzer Piccolo™ Occluder.

STUDY DESIGN: Between June 2017 and February 2019, 200 children were enrolled in this U.S. study (NCT03055858). PDA closure, survival, and device- or procedure-related events were evaluated. A total of 156 of the available 182 patients (86%) completed the study.

RESULTS: The implant success rate was 95.5% (191/200). At 3 years, PDA closure was observed in 100% (33/33) of patients. Survival was >95% with 9 reported deaths. No deaths were adjudicated as device- or …

Heart Failure Readmissions After Cardiac Surgeries: Navigating The High-Risk Terrain, Waqas Ullah, Indranee Rajapreyar, Yevgeniy Brailovsky

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

No abstract provided.

Outcomes And Discriminatory Accuracy Of The Cha2ds2vasc Score In Atrial Fibrillation And Cancer, Waqas Ullah, Mathew Dimeglio, Daniel Frisch, Rodrigo Bagur, Louise Sun, David Fischman, Andrija Matetic, Bonnie Ky, Mamas Mamas

Division of Cardiology Faculty Papers

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is highly prevalent among cancer patients. The role of traditional risk stratification scores in the context of different cancer types in these patients remains unknown. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the discriminative accuracy of the CHA₂DS₂VASc score for ischemic stroke using receiver operating characteristic and area under the curve. Methods: The National Readmission Database (2015-2019) was used to identify all AF patients stratified by the cancer diagnosis, type, and CHA₂DS₂VASc category (low; moderate; high risk). Outcomes at 30-day readmission were compared between cancer and …

Racial/Ethnic Differences Persist In Treatment Choice And Outcomes In Isolated Intervention For Coronary Artery Disease, Rodrigo Zea-Vera, Sainath Asokan, Rohan M Shah, Christopher T Ryan, Subhasis Chatterjee, Matthew J Wall, Joseph S Coselli, Todd K Rosengart, Waleed T Kayani, Hani Jneid, Ravi K Ghanta

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Studies have noted racial/ethnic disparities in coronary artery disease intervention strategies. We investigated trends and outcomes of coronary artery disease treatment choice (coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention) stratified by race/ethnicity.

METHODS: We queried the National Inpatient Sample for patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass grafting or percutaneous coronary intervention (2002-2017). Outcomes were stratified by race/ethnicity (White, African American, Hispanic, Asian). Multivariable logistic regression evaluated associations between race/ethnicity and receiving coronary artery bypass grafting versus percutaneous coronary intervention, in-hospital mortality, and costs.

RESULTS: Over the 15-year period, 2,426,917 isolated coronary artery bypass grafting surgeries and 7,184,515 …

Sars-Cov-2 Infection Triggers Pro-Atherogenic Inflammatory Responses In Human Coronary Vessels, Natalia Eberhardt, Maria Gabriela Noval, Ravneet Kaur, Letizia Amadori, Michael Gildea, Swathy Sajja, Dayasagar Das, Burak Cilhoroz, O'Jay Stewart, Dawn M Fernandez, Roza Shamailova, Andrea Vasquez Guillen, Sonia Jangra, Michael Schotsaert, Jonathan D Newman, Peter Faries, Thomas Maldonado, Caron Rockman, Amy Rapkiewicz, Kenneth A Stapleford, Navneet Narula, Kathryn J Moore, Chiara Giannarelli

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) present increased risk for ischemic cardiovascular complications up to 1 year after infection. Although the systemic inflammatory response to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection likely contributes to this increased cardiovascular risk, whether SARS-CoV-2 directly infects the coronary vasculature and attendant atherosclerotic plaques remains unknown. Here we report that SARS-CoV-2 viral RNA is detectable and replicates in coronary lesions taken at autopsy from severe COVID-19 cases. SARS-CoV-2 targeted plaque macrophages and exhibited a stronger tropism for arterial lesions than adjacent perivascular fat, correlating with macrophage infiltration levels. SARS-CoV-2 entry was increased in …