Medical Toxicology Commons^™

Patients Requiring Mechanical Ventilation Reported To The North American Snakebite Registry, Joshua Unger, Spencer Greene

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Isolated Clonidine Ingestions In Pediatric Patients, Spencer Greene, Caleb King, Sharan Campleman

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Toxicity Following Antiemetic Ingestions Reported To The Toxicology Investigators Consortium Core Registry, Jacob Fisher, Spencer Greene, Sharan Campleman

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Medical Toxicology: A Safety Net For Snakebite Victims, Braden Capt, George Warpinski, Sharan Campleman, Anne-Michelle Ruha, Spencer Greene

Gulf Coast Division GME Research Day 2026

No abstract provided.

Communities Disproportionately Affected By Carbon Monoxide Exposure After Winter Storm Uri, Elyse N Portillo, Casandra Quiñones, Zachary C Foughty, Ryan Ramphul, Asha T Morrow, Kathryn Fisher, Stephen A Harding, Elizabeth A Camp, Shubhada Hooli, Eric A Russell

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Extreme cold in February 2021 precipitated prolonged power failure in Texas. In Houston, many patients presented for carbon monoxide exposure from neighborhoods with lower per capita income, higher rates of limited English proficiency, and greater median Social Vulnerability Indices than Greater Houston. Weather-related disasters disproportionately affect socially vulnerable communities.

Accidental Organophosphate Poisoning: A Case Series Of 2 Pediatric Coumaphos Exposures, Justin A Seltzer, Sarah Friedland, Nathan A Friedman, Garret A Winkler, Emily Foreman, Yousef Al Mubarak, Brent Buccine, Branden Engorn, Allyson Kreshak, Alicia Minns, Christian A Tomaszewski, Daniel R Lasoff, Richard F Clark

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Pediatric organophosphate insecticide poisonings are rare in the United States, and life-threatening toxicity is rarely seen. We report 2 accidental ingestions of the organophosphate insecticide coumaphos that resulted in life-threatening symptoms.

CASE REPORTS: A 7-year-old boy and 10-year-old girl both presented from home after accidental ingestion of 1 "spoonful" of coumaphos 20% liquid (Asuntol; Bayer de Mexico, S.A. de C.V., Mexico D.F., Mexico). There were no other known ingestions. Both became rapidly symptomatic, with the boy developing dyspnea, vomiting, and depressed mental status and the girl developing headache and nausea. Soon afterward, the boy had witnessed cardiopulmonary arrest and …

The Ubiquitin-Proteasome System Is Necessary For Long-Term Synaptic Depression In Aplysia, Jennifer S Love, Dana L Karshenas, Meghan B Spyres, Lynn A Farrugia, A Min Kang, Hoanvu Nguyen, Sharan L Campleman, Shao Li, Paul M Wax, Jeffery Brent, Kim Aldy, Toxicology Investigators Consortium Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

The Toxicology Investigators Consortium (ToxIC) Core Registry was established by the American College of Medical Toxicology in 2010. The Core Registry collects data from participating sites with the agreement that all bedside and telehealth medical toxicology consultations will be entered. This twelfth annual report summarizes the registry's 2021 data and activity with its additional 8552 cases. Cases were identified for inclusion in this report by a query of the ToxIC database for any case entered from January 1 to December 31, 2021. Detailed data was collected from these cases and aggregated to provide information, which included demographics, reason for medical …

Acetaminophen, A Therapeutic Or An Extremely Toxic Remedy – A Review, Genica Caragea, Oana Avram, Andreea Pauna, Andreea Cristina Costea, Miruna Tudosie

Journal of Mind and Medical Sciences

When a new coronavirus appeared in the late 2019, identified as the cause of several cases of pneumonia in Wuhan, Paracetamol was initially reported to be the preferable antipyretic medication, choice which was detrimental to the use of other drugs. People have resorted to buying large stocks of Paracetamol and some have used it in large doses, regardless of the consequences. However, the Paracetamol (Acetaminophen) overdose remains the leading cause of death or transplantation due to acute liver failure in many parts of the world. This review aims at presenting the pharmacokinetics, the clinical signs, and the risk factors for …

Opioid Use Disorder: The Timeline For Medication Assisted Therapy, Alexander Cristofori

Capstone Showcase

Opioid Use Disorder is patterns of opioid use leading to withdrawal, giving up important life events in order to use opioids, and excessive time spent using opioids, to name a few diagnostic criteria. The clinical progression of the disorder involves periods of acute exacerbation and remission that are cyclic in nature. Treatment is most effective when it includes both pharmacological and psychosocial modalities, referred to as medication assisted therapy (MAT). Three drugs used commonly in MAT-based treatment for OUD from oldest to newest include Methadone, Buprenorphine-naloxone, and Naltrexone. Treatment program models that prioritize total abstinence from the addictive substance attached …

A Pharmacokinetic Analysis Of Hemodialysis For Metformin-Associated Lactic Acidosis, Stephen A Harding, Rana Biary, Robert S Hoffman, Mark K Su, Mary Ann Howland

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: Although hemodialysis is recommended for patients with severe metformin-associated lactic acidosis (MALA), the amount of metformin removed by hemodialysis is poorly documented. We analyzed endogenous clearance and hemodialysis clearance in a patient with MALA.

METHODS: A 62-year-old man with a history of type II diabetes mellitus presented after several days of vomiting and diarrhea and was found to have acute kidney injury (AKI) and severe acidemia. Initial serum metformin concentration was 315.34 μmol/L (40.73 μg/mL) (typical therapeutic concentrations 1-2 μg/mL). He underwent 6 h of hemodialysis. We collected hourly whole blood, serum, urine, and dialysate metformin concentrations. Blood, urine, …

Low Dose Clenbuterol Toxicity: Case Report And Review Of Literature, Kenneth Lan, Adarsh Saheba, Paul Mathew

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Clenbuterol is a long-acting β-agonist used in oral and inhaled form for asthma treatment outside the U.S. and in veterinary medicine within the U.S. It is also used off-label for anabolic effects worldwide. Toxicity with clenbuterol is increasingly seen in U.S. hospitals, primarily in younger individuals using the drug for competitive athletics or bodybuilding. We present a case of a young patient who presented after an intentional overdose and discuss the relevant literature. Presentations do not correlate with the dosage ingested. Signs and symptoms can range from simple nausea to myocardial ischemia, rhabdomyolysis and cardiogenic shock. Treatment of overdose is …

Medication Overdoses In The Emergency Department: Oral Hypoglycemic Agents, Atypical Antipsychotic Agents, Beta-Blockers, Calcium Channel Blockers, And Digoxin, Brooke Marlowe, Tara Tokar, Kayti Kintner, Kelsey Fink, Grant Walliser

Pharmacy and Wellness Review

The number of medication toxicities has been steadily increasing with more patients presenting to the emergency department for both intentional and unintentional overdoses. Oral hypoglycemics, atypical antipsychotics, betablockers, calcium channel blockers and digoxin overdoses are some of the more common medication toxicities health care professionals may see in practice. Toxic doses of oral hypoglycemic agents, beta-blockers, calcium channel blockers and digoxin have more definitive options for treatment, while atypical antipsychotic overdoses are managed with supportive care. Pharmacists in particular play a pivotal role in identifying presenting symptoms and recommending appropriate treatment options in toxicological emergencies.

Severe Lamotrigine Neurotoxicity Treated With Intralipid Emulsion Therapy, Philip W. Moore Do, Megan C. Urquhart Do, Dale L. Mcmillion Do, Keith K. Burkhart Md, Louis R. Cantilena Jr, Md, J Ward Donovan Md

Department of Emergency Medicine

No abstract provided.

Factors Associated With Hydrocarbon Ingestion In Children, Emaduddin Siddiqui, Junaid Razzak, Farah Naz, Sabeena Jalal Khan

Department of Emergency Medicine

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the types of hydrocarbon ingested by children and identify factors associated with hydrocarbons ingestion.

PATIENTS AND METHODS: It was a hospital based case control study in which medical records of sixty seven children with hydrocarbon ingestion, admitted through emergency department between January 2001 to December 2005 of Aga Khan Hospital were reviewed. Variables such as age, sex, types of hydrocarbons, amount ingested, socioeconomic status, family size, number of children, type of containers, trend of ingestion during hot weather, length of stay at hospital along with the outcomes were evaluated.

RESULTS: Out of 67 patients, 53 (79%) were …