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Articles 1 - 14 of 14
Full-Text Articles in Medical Microbiology
Ouabain Decreases Sarco(Endo)Plasmic Reticulum Calcium Atpase Activity In Rat Hearts By A Process Involving Protein Oxidation, David Kennedy, Sandeep Vetteth, Miaorong Xie, Sankaridrug Periyasamy, Jingwei Xie, Chi Han, Venkatesha Basrur, Krishna Mutgi, Vladimir Fedorov, Deepak Malhotra, Joseph Shapiro
Ouabain Decreases Sarco(Endo)Plasmic Reticulum Calcium Atpase Activity In Rat Hearts By A Process Involving Protein Oxidation, David Kennedy, Sandeep Vetteth, Miaorong Xie, Sankaridrug Periyasamy, Jingwei Xie, Chi Han, Venkatesha Basrur, Krishna Mutgi, Vladimir Fedorov, Deepak Malhotra, Joseph Shapiro
Jingwei Xie
The effect of cardiac glycosides to increase cardiac inotropy by altering Ca2+ cycling is well known but still poorly understood. The studies described in this report focus on defining the effects of ouabain signaling on sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase function. Rat cardiac myocytes treated with 50 μM ouabain demonstrated substantial increases in systolic and diastolic Ca2+ concentrations. The recovery time constant for the Ca2+ transient, τ, was significantly prolonged by ouabain. Exposure to 10 μM H2O2, which causes an increase in intracellular reactive oxygen species similar to that of 50 μM ouabain, caused a similar increase in τ. Concurrent exposure to …
Genome Sequence Of Lactobacillus Pentosus Kca1: Vaginal Isolate From A Healthy Premenopausal Woman, Kingsley Anukam
Genome Sequence Of Lactobacillus Pentosus Kca1: Vaginal Isolate From A Healthy Premenopausal Woman, Kingsley Anukam
Kingsley C Anukam
The vaginal microbiota, in particular Lactobacillus species, play an important role in female health through modulation of immunity, countering pathogens and maintaining a pH below 4.7. We report the isolation and genome sequence of Lactobacillus pentosus strain KCA1 (formally known as L. plantarum) from the vagina of a healthy Nigerian woman. The genome was sequenced using Illumina GA II technology. The resulting 16,920,226 paired-end reads were assembled with the Velvet tool. Contigs were annotated using the RAST server, and manually curated. A comparative analysis with the available genomes of L. pentosus IG1 and L. plantarum WCFS1 showed that over 15% …
Aging-Associated Dysfunction Of Akt/Protein Kinase B: S-Nitrosylation And Acetaminophen Intervention, Miaozong Wu, Anjaiah Katta, Murali Gadde, Hua Liu, Sunil Kakarla, Jacqueline Fannin, Satyanarayana Paturi, Ravi Arvapalli, Kevin Rice, Yeling Wang, Eric Blough
Aging-Associated Dysfunction Of Akt/Protein Kinase B: S-Nitrosylation And Acetaminophen Intervention, Miaozong Wu, Anjaiah Katta, Murali Gadde, Hua Liu, Sunil Kakarla, Jacqueline Fannin, Satyanarayana Paturi, Ravi Arvapalli, Kevin Rice, Yeling Wang, Eric Blough
Ravi K. Arvapalli
Background: Aged skeletal muscle is characterized by an increased incidence of metabolic and functional disorders, which if allowed to proceed unchecked can lead to increased morbidity and mortality. The mechanism(s) underlying the development of these disorders in aging skeletal muscle are not well understood. Protein kinase B (Akt/PKB) is an important regulator of cellular metabolism and survival, but it is unclear if aged muscle exhibits alterations in Akt function. Here we report a novel dysfunction of Akt in aging muscle, which may relate to S-nitrosylation and can be prevented by acetaminophen intervention. Principal Findings: Compared to 6- and 27-month rats, …
Consumption Of High Ω-3 Fatty Acid Diet Suppressed Prostate Tumorigenesis In C3(1) Tag Mice, Juliana Akinsete, Gabriela Ion, Theodore Witte, W. Hardman
Consumption Of High Ω-3 Fatty Acid Diet Suppressed Prostate Tumorigenesis In C3(1) Tag Mice, Juliana Akinsete, Gabriela Ion, Theodore Witte, W. Hardman
Gabriela Ion
Prostate cancer incidence and mortality are high in the Western world and high ω-6/ω-3 PUFA in the Western diet may be a contributing factor. We investigated whether changing from a diet that approximates ω-6 fat content of the Western diet to a high ω-3 fat diet at adulthood might reduce prostate cancer risk. Female SV 129 mice that had consumed a high ω-6 diet containing corn oil for 2 weeks were bred with homozygous C3(1)Tag transgenic male mice. All male offspring were weaned to the corn oil diet (CO) until postpuberty when half of the male offspring were transferred to …
Is Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Associated With Helicobacter Pylori Infection In Children?, Yoram Elitsur, William Btriest, Zia Sabet, Cheryl Neace, Chuancang Jiang, Eapen Thomas
Is Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Associated With Helicobacter Pylori Infection In Children?, Yoram Elitsur, William Btriest, Zia Sabet, Cheryl Neace, Chuancang Jiang, Eapen Thomas
Yoram Elitsur
Helicobacter pylori infection has recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). We investigated this association. Twenty-five pairs of gastric and tracheal tissue specimens obtained from autopsies of 25 children with previous diagnoses of SIDS were available for this study. The presence of H. pylori organisms was evaluated by three different methods: histology (hematoxylin-eosin or Giemsa staining), immunohistochemistry, and nested polymerase chain reaction technique. We were unable to confirm the presence of H. pylori organisms by the first two methods. H. pylori DNA was identified by nested polymerase chain reaction in six different tissue specimens (stomach, …
Dietary Walnut Suppressed Mammary Gland Tumorigenesis In The C(3)1 Tag Mouse, W. Hardman
Dietary Walnut Suppressed Mammary Gland Tumorigenesis In The C(3)1 Tag Mouse, W. Hardman
Elaine Hardman Ph.D.
Walnuts contain multiple ingredients that, individually, have been shown to slow cancer growth, including omega-3 fatty acids, antioxidants, and phytosterols. In previous research, consumption of walnuts has slowed the growth of implanted breast cancers. We wanted to determine whether regular walnut consumption might reduce the risk for developing cancer. Homozygous male C(3)1 TAg mice were bred with female SV129 mice consuming either the control AIN-76 diet or the walnut-containing diet. At weaning, the female hemizygous pups were randomized to control or walnut-containing diets and followed for tumor development. Compared to a diet without walnuts, consumption of walnuts significantly reduced tumor …
Susceptibility To Autoimmunity And B Cell Resistance To Apoptosis In Mice Lacking Androgen Receptor In B Cells, Saleh Altuwaijri, Kuang-Hsiang Chuang, Kuo-Pao Lai, Jiann-Jyh Lai, Hung-Yun Lin, Faith Young, Andrea Bottaro, Meng-Yin Tsai, Wei-Ping Zeng, Hong-Chiang Chang, Shuyuan Yeh, Chawnshang Chang
Susceptibility To Autoimmunity And B Cell Resistance To Apoptosis In Mice Lacking Androgen Receptor In B Cells, Saleh Altuwaijri, Kuang-Hsiang Chuang, Kuo-Pao Lai, Jiann-Jyh Lai, Hung-Yun Lin, Faith Young, Andrea Bottaro, Meng-Yin Tsai, Wei-Ping Zeng, Hong-Chiang Chang, Shuyuan Yeh, Chawnshang Chang
Wei-ping Zeng
Estrogens have been linked to a higher female incidence of autoimmune diseases. The role of androgen and the androgen receptor (AR) in autoimmune diseases, however, remains unclear. Here we report that the lack of AR in B cells in different strains of mice, namely general AR knockout, B cell-specific AR knockout, and naturally occurring testicular feminization mutation AR-mutant mice, as well as castrated wild-type mice, results in increased B cells in blood and bone marrow. Analysis of the targeted mice, together with bone marrow transplantation using Rag1 recipients, overexpression of retrovirally encoded AR-cDNA, and small interfering RNA-mediated AR mRNA knockdown …
Analysis Of Expansion Of Myeloid Progenitors In Mice To Identify Leukemic Susceptibility Genes, Vincent Sollars, Ed Pequignot, Jay Rothstein, Arthur Buchberg
Analysis Of Expansion Of Myeloid Progenitors In Mice To Identify Leukemic Susceptibility Genes, Vincent Sollars, Ed Pequignot, Jay Rothstein, Arthur Buchberg
Vincent E Sollars
The myeloid progenitor cell compartment (MPC) exhibits pronounced expansion in human myeloid leukemias. It is becoming more apparent that progression of myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative diseases to acute myelogenous leukemia is the result of defects in progenitor cell maturation. The MPC of bone marrow was analyzed in mice using a cell culture assay for measuring the relative frequency of proliferative myeloid progenitors. Response to the cytokines SCF, IL-3, and GMCSF was determined by this assay for the leukemic mouse strain BXH-2 and ten other inbred mouse strains. Significant differences were found to exist among ten inbred mouse strains in the …
Intracellular Bacteria Encode Inhibitory Snare-Like Proteins., Fabienne Paumet, Jordan Wesolowski, Alejandro Garcia-Diaz, Cedric Delevoye, Nathalie Aulner, Howard A Shuman, Agathe Subtil, James E Rothman
Intracellular Bacteria Encode Inhibitory Snare-Like Proteins., Fabienne Paumet, Jordan Wesolowski, Alejandro Garcia-Diaz, Cedric Delevoye, Nathalie Aulner, Howard A Shuman, Agathe Subtil, James E Rothman
Fabienne Paumet
Pathogens use diverse molecular machines to penetrate host cells and manipulate intracellular vesicular trafficking. Viruses employ glycoproteins, functionally and structurally similar to the SNARE proteins, to induce eukaryotic membrane fusion. Intracellular pathogens, on the other hand, need to block fusion of their infectious phagosomes with various endocytic compartments to escape from the degradative pathway. The molecular details concerning the mechanisms underlying this process are lacking. Using both an in vitro liposome fusion assay and a cellular assay, we showed that SNARE-like bacterial proteins block membrane fusion in eukaryotic cells by directly inhibiting SNARE-mediated membrane fusion. More specifically, we showed that …
Chapter 20:The Impact Of Probiotics On Maternal And Child Health: Clinical Evidence., Kingsley Anukam, Gregor Reid
Chapter 20:The Impact Of Probiotics On Maternal And Child Health: Clinical Evidence., Kingsley Anukam, Gregor Reid
Kingsley C Anukam
Key Points • Alleviating the problems of maternal and child health in countries with large malnourished and/or HIV-infected populations, will require multidimensional approaches including holistic and pharmaceutical interventions. • Urogenital infections have a major role in preterm labor and the well-being of newborns. • Probiotics show potential in reducing the risk of recurrence of urinary tract infection (UTI). • There is some evidence to suggest that probiotics can have a role to play in bacterial vaginosis (BV) and maternal health. • The role of probiotics in a number of newborn, and childhood diseases is reviewed in this chapter.
Probiotics: 100 Years (1907-2007) After Elie Metchnikoff's Observations, Kingsley Anukam, Gregor Reid
Probiotics: 100 Years (1907-2007) After Elie Metchnikoff's Observations, Kingsley Anukam, Gregor Reid
Kingsley C Anukam
No abstract provided.
Organisms Associated With Bacterial Vaginosis In Nigerian Women As Determined By Pcr-Dgge And 16s Rrna Gene Sequence, Kingsley Anukam, Gregor Reid
Organisms Associated With Bacterial Vaginosis In Nigerian Women As Determined By Pcr-Dgge And 16s Rrna Gene Sequence, Kingsley Anukam, Gregor Reid
Kingsley C Anukam
Background: Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a condition with diverse etiology. This condition predisposes women to increased susceptibility to sexually transmitted diseases, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections and preterm birth. The diagnostic methods currently adopted in the evaluation of patient samples for BV are arguably Amsel criteria, and Nugent score that require microscopy and expert interpretation. These two methods are still subjective. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the organisms present in the vagina of 34 HIV negative Nigerian women diagnosed as having bacterial vaginosis by using molecular techniques. Methods: The vaginal samples were subjected to DNA …
Lactobacillus Vaginal Microbiota Of Women Attending A Reproductive Health Care Service In Benin City, Nigeria., Kingsley Anukam, Emmanuel Osazuwa, Ijeoma Ahonkhai, Gregor Reid
Lactobacillus Vaginal Microbiota Of Women Attending A Reproductive Health Care Service In Benin City, Nigeria., Kingsley Anukam, Emmanuel Osazuwa, Ijeoma Ahonkhai, Gregor Reid
Kingsley C Anukam
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine whether Lactobacillus species found in African women differ substantially to those of Caucasian decent, described in previous studies. The vaginal microbiota play an important role in female health, and when the naturally dominant lactobacilli are displaced resulting in bacterial vaginosis (BV), the host is more at risk of acquiring sexually transmitted diseases, including HIV. METHODS: Vaginal samples were collected from 241 healthy, pre-menopausal Nigerian women, which were then Gram stained for Nugent scoring. Microbial DNA was extracted, amplified using PCR and Lactobacillus primers, and processed by Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis (DGGE). …
16s Rrna Gene Sequence And Phylogenetic Tree Of Lactobacillus Species From The Vagina Of Healthy Nigerian Women, Kingsley Anukam, Emmanuel Osazuwa, Ijeoma Ahonkhai, Gregor Reid
16s Rrna Gene Sequence And Phylogenetic Tree Of Lactobacillus Species From The Vagina Of Healthy Nigerian Women, Kingsley Anukam, Emmanuel Osazuwa, Ijeoma Ahonkhai, Gregor Reid
Kingsley C Anukam
Lactobacilli are ubiquitous in nature and in humans they play a very significant role in the general health maintenance of the host. Identification of Lactobacilli has previously been based on cultutre-dependent methods and recently molecular techniques involving gene sequencing are now the ‘gold standard’. Scarce information exists in Africa on the real identity of Lactobacillus species, albeit phylogenetic distances among the species present in the human vagina. 185 vaginal swabs were collected from healthy premenopausal women (18-48 years). Bacterial DNA was extracted, amplified using PCR, with group specific Lactobacillus primers, and processed by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE). DGGE bands …