Medical Genetics Commons^™

Interrogating The Value Of Return Of Results For Diverse Populations: Perspectives From Precision Medicine Researchers, Caitlin E Mcmahon, Nicole Foti, Melanie Jeske, William R Britton, Stephanie M Fullerton, Janet K Shim, Sandra Soo-Jin Lee

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Over the last decade, the return of results (ROR) in precision medicine research (PMR) has become increasingly routine. Calls for individual rights to research results have extended the "duty to report" from clinically useful genetic information to traits and ancestry results. ROR has thus been reframed as inherently beneficial to research participants, without a needed focus on who benefits and how. This paper addresses this gap, particularly in the context of PMR aimed at increasing participant diversity, by providing investigator and researcher perspectives on and questions about the assumed value of ROR in PMR.

Methods: Semi-structured interviews with a …

Development Of A Multi-Level/Multi-Modal Intervention For Health Care Transition Preparation, Beth H Garland, Mary Majumder, Constance M Wiemann, Blanca Sanchez-Fournier, Jordyn Babla, Albert C Hergenroeder

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Aims: Health care transition (HCT) to adult care and young adult disease self-management is a multi-step process involving three major stakeholders - the adolescent, the caregiver, and the provider. Preparation gaps exist within each of these stakeholder groups. This paper presents the development of the Intervention to Promote Autonomy and Competence in Transition-aged Youth (IPACT), a multi-level (adolescent, caregiver, provider), multi-modal (interactive skill building sessions, educational materials, videos) intervention to address gaps in all three stakeholder groups simultaneously and help support achieving the three core elements of HCT planning.

Methods: Eight processes were utilized to develop the IPACT intervention, including …

Bridging The Gap: Transforming Primary Care Through The Artificial Intelligence And Machine Learning For Primary Care (Aim-Pc) Curriculum, Winston Liaw, Brian Hischier, Cornelius A James, Ioannis Kakadiaris, Jacqueline K Kueper, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Benefits Of Sharing Neurophysiology Data From The Brain Initiative Research Opportunities In Humans Consortium, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh, Kathryn Maxson Jones, Mary A Majumder, Michael J Kahana, Ueli Rutishauser, Ziv M Williams, Sydney S Cash, Angelique C Paulk, Jie Zheng, Michael S Beauchamp, Jennifer L Collinger, Nader Pouratian, Amy L Mcguire, Sameer A Sheth

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Sharing human brain data can yield scientific benefits, but because of various disincentives, only a fraction of these data is currently shared. We profile three successful data-sharing experiences from the NIH BRAIN Initiative Research Opportunities in Humans (ROH) Consortium and demonstrate benefits to data producers and to users.

Responding Well To Spiritual Worldviews: A Taxonomy For Clinical Ethicists, Trevor M Bibler

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Every clinical ethics consultant, no matter their own spirituality, will meet patients, families, and healthcare professionals whose spiritualities anchor their moral worldviews. How might ethicists respond to those who rely on spirituality when making medical decisions? And further, should ethicists incorporate their own spiritual commitments into their clinical analyses and recommendations? These questions prompt reflection on foundational issues in the philosophy of medicine, political and moral theory, and methods of proper clinical ethics consultation. Rather than attempting to offer definitive answers to these questions, this essay prompts readers to consider their own answers to these questions. Specifically, it offers a …

The Ethical Data Practices Framework And Its Implications For Data Privacy Relations Between The United States And The European Union, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Hope And Optimism In Pediatric Deep Brain Stimulation: Key Stakeholder Perspectives, Natalie Dorfman, Lilly Snellman, Ynez Kerley, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Gabriel Lazaro-Munoz, Eric A Storch, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Introduction: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is utilized to treat pediatric refractory dystonia and its use in pediatric patients is expected to grow. One important question concerns the impact of hope and unrealistic optimism on decision-making, especially in "last resort" intervention scenarios such as DBS for refractory conditions.

Objective: This study examined stakeholder experiences and perspectives on hope and unrealistic optimism in the context of decision-making about DBS for childhood dystonia and provides insights for clinicians seeking to implement effective communication strategies.

Materials and methods: Semi-structured interviews with clinicians (n = 29) and caregivers (n = 44) were conducted, …

Researching The Future: Scenarios To Explore The Future Of Human Genome Editing, Cynthia Selin, Lauren Lambert, Stephanie Morain, John P Nelson, Dorit Barlevy, Mahmud Farooque, Haley Manley, Christopher T Scott

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Forward-looking, democratically oriented governance is needed to ensure that human genome editing serves rather than undercuts public values. Scientific, policy, and ethics communities have recognized this necessity but have demonstrated limited understanding of how to fulfill it. The field of bioethics has long attempted to grapple with the unintended consequences of emerging technologies, but too often such foresight has lacked adequate scientific grounding, overemphasized regulation to the exclusion of examining underlying values, and failed to adequately engage the public.

Methods: This research investigates the application of scenario planning, a tool developed in the high-stakes, uncertainty-ridden world of corporate strategy, …

Integrating Social Determinants Of Health Into Ethical Digital Simulations, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh, Sharmila Anandasabapathy, Meghan Hurley, Anika Sonig, Amy Mcguire

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

High Foxa1 Levels Induce Er Transcriptional Reprogramming, A Pro-Metastatic Secretome, And Metastasis In Endocrine-Resistant Breast Cancer, Xiaoyong Fu, Resel Pereira, Chia-Chia Liu, Carmine De Angelis, Martin J Shea, Sarmistha Nanda, Lanfang Qin, Tamika Mitchell, Maria L Cataldo, Jamunarani Veeraraghavan, Vidyalakshmi Sethunath, Mario Giuliano, Carolina Gutierrez, Balázs Győrffy, Meghana V Trivedi, Ofir Cohen, Nikhil Wagle, Agostina Nardone, Rinath Jeselsohn, Mothaffar F Rimawi, C Kent Osborne, Rachel Schiff

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Aberrant activation of the forkhead protein FOXA1 is observed in advanced hormone-related cancers. However, the key mediators of high FOXA1 signaling remain elusive. We demonstrate that ectopic high FOXA1 (H-FOXA1) expression promotes estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) metastasis in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, H-FOXA1 reprograms ER-chromatin binding to elicit a core gene signature (CGS) enriched in ER+ endocrine-resistant (EndoR) cells. We identify Secretome14, a CGS subset encoding ER-dependent cancer secretory proteins, as a strong predictor for poor outcomes of ER+ BC. It is elevated in ER+ metastases vs. primary tumors, irrespective of ESR1 mutations. Genomic ER binding near …

Intraoperative Predictors Of In-Hospital Mortality After Open Repair Of Ruptured Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms, Nicola Troisi, Giulia Bertagna, Athanasios Saratzis, Simone Guadagni, Fabrizio Minichilli, Daniele Adami, Mauro Ferrari, Raffaella Berchiolli

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Several models and scores have been released to predict early mortality in patients undergoing surgery for a ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm (rAAA). These scores included above all preoperative factors and they could be useful to deny surgical repair. The aim of the study was to evaluate intraoperative predictors of in-hospital mortality in patients undergoing open surgical repair (OSR) for a rAAA.

Methods: Between January 2007 and December 2020, 265 patients were admitted at our tertiary referral hospital for a rAAA. Two-hundred-twenty-two patients underwent OSR. Intra-operative factors were analyzed by means of univariate analysis (step 1). Associations of procedure variables …

Ethical, Legal, And Social Implications Of Genomics Research: Implications For Building A More Racially Diverse Bioethics Workforce, Faith E Fletcher

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Withdrawing Extra Corporeal Membrane Oxygenation (Ecmo) Against A Family’S Wishes: Three Permissible Scenarios, Trevor M Bibler, Asma Zainab

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The ethical permissibility of unilaterally withdrawing life-sustaining technologies has been a perennial topic in transplant and critical care medicine, often focusing on CPR and mechanical ventilation. The permissibility of unilateral withdrawal of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been discussed sparingly. When addressed, authors have appealed to professional authority rather than substantive ethical analysis. In this Perspective, we argue that there are at least three (3) scenarios wherein healthcare teams would be justified in unilaterally withdrawing ECMO, despite the objections of the patient's legal representative. The ethical considerations that provide the groundwork for these scenarios are, primarily: equity, integrity, and the …

Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists’ Use, Attitudes, And Understanding Of Genetic Testing And Pharmacogenetics In Clinical Practice, Takahiro Soda, Amanda R Merner, Brent J Small, Laura N Torgerson, Katrina Muñoz, Jehannine Austin, Eric A Storch, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The purpose of this study was to report current practices and attitudes of child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) regarding diagnostic genetic and pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing. We surveyed 958 US-based practicing CAP. 54.9% of respondents indicated that they had ordered/referred for a genetic test in the past 12 months. 87% of respondents agreed that it is their role to discuss genetic information regarding psychiatric conditions with their patients; however, 45% rated their knowledge of genetic testing practice guidelines as poor/very poor. The most ordered test was PGx (32.2%), followed by chromosomal microarray (23.0%). 73.4% reported that PGx is at least slightly …

Child And Adolescent Psychiatrists’ Use, Attitudes, And Understanding Of Genetic Testing And Pharmacogenetics In Clinical Practice, Takahiro Soda, Amanda R Merner, Brent J Small, Laura N Torgerson, Katrina Muñoz, Jehannine Austin, Eric A Storch, Stacey Pereira, Gabriel Lázaro-Muñoz

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The purpose of this study was to report current practices and attitudes of child and adolescent psychiatrists (CAP) regarding diagnostic genetic and pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing. We surveyed 958 US-based practicing CAP. 54.9% of respondents indicated that they had ordered/referred for a genetic test in the past 12 months. 87% of respondents agreed that it is their role to discuss genetic information regarding psychiatric conditions with their patients; however, 45% rated their knowledge of genetic testing practice guidelines as poor/very poor. The most ordered test was PGx (32.2%), followed by chromosomal microarray (23.0%). 73.4% reported that PGx is at least slightly …

Call For Moral Recognition As Part Of Paediatric Assent, Jared Smith, Jennifer Blumenthal-Barby

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Correction To: Black Bioethics In The Age Of Black Lives Matter, Keisha Ray, Faith E Fletcher, Daphne O Martschenko, Jennifer E James

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Black Bioethics In The Age Of Black Lives Matter, Keisha Ray, Faith E Fletcher, Daphne O Martschenko, Jennifer E James

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Ethical Hazards Of Health Data Governance In The Metaverse, Kristin Kostick-Quenet, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Metaverse-enabled healthcare is no longer hypothetical. Developers must now contend with ethical, legal and social hazards if they are to overcome the systematic inefficiencies and inequities that exist for patients who seek care in the real world.

Framing The Family: A Qualitative Exploration Of Factors That Shape Family-Level Experience Of Pediatric Genomic Sequencing, Hadley Stevens Smith, Emily S Bonkowski, Madison R Hickingbotham, Raymond Belanger Deloge, Stacey Pereira

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Families of children with rare and undiagnosed conditions face many psychosocial and logistical challenges that may affect their approach to decisions about their child’s care and their family’s well-being. As genomic sequencing (GS) is increasingly incorporated into pediatric diagnostic workups, assessing the family-level characteristics that shape the experience of pediatric GS is crucial to understanding how families approach decision-making about the test and how they incorporate the results into their family life. We conducted semi-structured interviews with parents and other primary caregivers of pediatric patients who were evaluated for a suspected genetic condition and who were recommended to have GS …

Hervs And Cancer-A Comprehensive Review Of The Relationship Of Human Endogenous Retroviruses And Human Cancers, Erik Stricker, Erin C Peckham-Gregory, Michael E Scheurer

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Genomic instability and genetic mutations can lead to exhibition of several cancer hallmarks in affected cells such as sustained proliferative signaling, evasion of growth suppression, activated invasion, deregulation of cellular energetics, and avoidance of immune destruction. Similar biological changes have been observed to be a result of pathogenic viruses and, in some cases, have been linked to virus-induced cancers. Human endogenous retroviruses (HERVs), once external pathogens, now occupy more than 8% of the human genome, representing the merge of genomic and external factors. In this review, we outline all reported effects of HERVs on cancer development and discuss the HERV …

Replication Competent Retrovirus Testing (Rcr) In The National Gene Vector Biorepository: No Evidence Of Rcr In 1,595 Post-Treatment Peripheral Blood Samples Obtained From 60 Clinical Trials, Kenneth Cornetta, Jing Yao, Kimberley House, Lisa Duffy, Prasad S Adusumilli, Rachel Beyer, Claire Booth, Malcolm Brenner, Kevin Curran, Bambi Grilley, Helen Heslop, Christian S Hinrichs, Rosandra N Kaplan, Hans-Peter Kiem, James Kochenderfer, Donald B Kohn, Sham Mailankody, Scott M Norberg, Roisin E O'Cearbhaill, Jennifer Pappas, Jae Park, Carlos Ramos, Antonio Ribas, Isabelle Rivière, Steven A Rosenberg, Craig Sauter, Nirali N Shah, Susan F Slovin, Adrian Thrasher, David A Williams, Tsai-Yu Lin

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

The clinical impact of any therapy requires the product be safe and effective. Gammaretroviral vectors pose several unique risks, including inadvertent exposure to replication competent retrovirus (RCR) that can arise during vector manufacture. The US FDA has required patient monitoring for RCR, and the National Gene Vector Biorepository is an NIH resource that has assisted eligible investigators in meeting this requirement. To date, we have found no evidence of RCR in 338 pre-treatment and 1,595 post-treatment blood samples from 737 patients associated with 60 clinical trials. Most samples (75%) were obtained within 1 year of treatment, and samples as far …

Parents’ Decision-Making Regarding Whether To Receive Adult-Onset Only Genetic Findings For Their Children: Findings From The Babyseq Project, Stacey Pereira, Amanda M Gutierrez, Jill Oliver Robinson, Kurt D Christensen, Casie A Genetti, Carrie L Blout Zawatsky, Rebecca L Hsu, Bethany Zettler, Melissa Kurtz Uveges, Richard B Parad, Alan H Beggs, Ingrid A Holm, Robert C Green, Amy L Mcguire

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Purpose: Most professional guidelines recommend against genetic screening for adult-onset only (AO) conditions until adulthood, yet others argue that there may be benefit to disclosing such results. We explored parents' decision-making on this issue in the BabySeq Project, a clinical trial of newborn genomic sequencing.

Methods: We conducted interviews with parents (N = 24) who were given the option to receive actionable AO results for their children. Interviews explored parents' motivations to receive and reasons to decline AO genetic disease risk information, their decision-making process, and their suggestions for supporting parents in making this decision.

Results: Parents noted several motivations …

Detection And Characterization Of Constitutive Replication Origins Defined By Dna Polymerase Epsilon, Roman Jaksik, David A Wheeler, Marek Kimmel

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: Despite the process of DNA replication being mechanistically highly conserved, the location of origins of replication (ORI) may vary from one tissue to the next, or between rounds of replication in eukaryotes, suggesting flexibility in the choice of locations to initiate replication. Lists of human ORI therefore vary widely in number and location, and there are currently no methods available to compare them. Here, we propose a method of detection of ORI based on somatic mutation patterns generated by the mutator phenotype of damaged DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE).

Results: We report the genome-wide localization of constitutive ORI in POLE-mutated …

“Extremely Slow And Capricious”: A Qualitative Exploration Of Genetic Researcher Priorities In Selecting Shared Data Resources, M Grace Trinidad, Kerry A Ryan, Chris D Krenz, J Scott Roberts, Amy L Mcguire, Raymond De Vries, Brian J Zikmund-Fisher, Sharon Kardia, Erica Marsh, Jane Forman, Madison Kent, David Wilborn, Kayte Spector-Bagdady

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Purpose: Genetic researchers' selection of a database can have scientific, regulatory, and ethical implications. It is important to understand what is driving database selection such that database stewards can be responsive to user needs while balancing the interests of communities in equitably benefiting from advances.

Methods: We conducted 23 semistructured interviews with US academic genetic researchers working with private, government, and collaboratory data stewards to explore factors that they consider when selecting a genetic database.

Results: Interviewees used existing databases to avoid burdens of primary data collection, which was described as expensive and time-consuming. They highlighted ease of access as …

Enhancing Reciprocity, Equity And Quality Of Ethics Review For Multisite Research During Public Health Crises: The Experience Of The Covid-19 Clinical Research Coalition Ethics Working Group, Vasiliki Rahimzadeh, Jennyfer Ambe, Jantina De Vries

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

In this paper we report findings from a commissioned report to the COVID-19 Clinical Research Coalition on approaches to streamline multinational REC review/approval during public health emergencies. As currently envisioned in the literature, a system of REC mutual recognition is theoretically possible based on shared procedural REC standards, but raises numerous concerns about perceived inequities and mistrust.

2023 Canadian Surgery Forum: Sept. 20-23, 2023, Raphaëlle Brière, Marce Émond, Axel Benhamed, Pierre-Gilles Blanchard, Sébastien Drolet, Rogeh Habashi, Bahar Golbon, Jonas Shellenberger, Jesse Pasternak, Shaila Merchant, Jonas Shellenberger, Julie La, Monakshi Sawhney, Susan Brogly, Lina Cadili, Michael Horkoff, Scott Ainslie, Jeffrey Demetrick, Brian Chai, Kevin Wiseman, Hamish Hwang, Zainab Alhumoud, Amro Salem, Rebecca Lau, Katherine Aw, Carolyn Nessim, Nada Gawad, Kameela Alibhai, Chelsea Towaij, Danielle Doan, Isabelle Raîche, Rahim Valji, Simon Turner, Patricia Nicole Balmes, Hamish Hwang, S Morad Hameed, Jun Guang Kendric Tan, Ruwan Wijesuriya, Jun Guang Kendric Tan, Nicole Lee Chui Hew, Ruwan Wijesuriya, Matthew Lund, Jeffrey Hawel, Jamie Gregor, Ken Leslie, Tori Lenet, Daniel Mcisaac, Julie Hallet, Angela Jerath, Manoj Lalu, Stuart Nicholls, Justin Presseau, Alan Tinmouth, Michael Verret, Christopher Wherrett, Dean Fergusson, Guillaume Martel, Sahil Sharma, Tyler Mckechnie, Gaurav Talwar, Janhavi Patel, Luke Heimann, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Christine Wang, Michael Guo, Longlong Huang, Shaun Sun, Noelle Davis, Julian Wang, Samuel Skulsky, Lindsey Sikora, Isabelle Raîche, Hyo Jin Son, Denise Gee, David Gomez, James Jung, Rajajee Selvam, Nieve Seguin, Lisa Zhang, Ariane Lacaille-Ranger, Lindsey Sikora, Daniel Mcisaac, Husein Moloo, Alicia Follett, Holly, Michael Organ, David Pace, Saba Balvardi, Pepa Kaneva, Koorosh Semsar-Kazerooni, Carmen Mueller, Melina Vassiliou, Mohammed Al Mahroos, Julio F Fiore, Kevin Schwartzman, Liane Feldman, Michael Guo, Ahmer Karimuddin, Gui Ping Liu, Trafford Crump, Jason Sutherland, Kala Hickey, Erin M Bonisteel, Jurgienne Umali, Ibrahim Dogar, Geoffrey Warden, Darrell Boone, Alexander Mathieson, Michael Hogan, David Pace, Nieve Seguin, Husein Moloo, Yiran Li, Gordon Best, Rachel Leong, Sam Wiseman, Ahmed Amine Alaoui, Roy Hajjar, Evelyne Wassef, Danny Sebastien Metellus, François Dagbert, Rasmy Loungnarath, Richard Ratelle, Frank Schwenter, Éric Debroux, Ramses Wassef, Marianne Gagnon-Konamna, Alfons Pomp, Carole S Richard, Herawaty Sebajang, Ahmed Amine Alaoui, Roy Hajjar, François Dagbert, Rasmy Loungnarath, Herawaty Sebajang, Richard Ratelle, Frank Schwenter, Éric Debroux, Ramses Wassef, Marianne Gagnon-Konamna, Alfons Pomp, Manuela M Santos, Carole S Richard, Ge Shi, Regina Leung, Christina Lim, Sarah Knowles, Simran Parmar, Christine Wang, Estifanos Debru, Fardowsa Mohamed, Megan Anakin, Yung Lee, Yasith Samarasinghe, Jigish Khamar, Bradley Petrisor, Tyler Mckechnie, Cagla Eskicioglu, Ilun Yang, Hanaa N Mughal, Mumtaz Bhugio, Muhammed A Gok, Usman A Khan, Alisha R Fernandes, Richard Spence, Geoffrey Porter, C Marius Hoogerboord, Katerina Neumann, Michal Pillar, Michael Guo, Neraj Manhas, Adrienne Melck, Tania Kazi, Tyler Mckechnie, Ghazal Jessani, Luke Heimann, Yung Lee, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Tyler Mckechnie, Léa Tessier, Vicki Archer, Lily Park, Dan Cohen, Sameer Parpia, Mohit Bhandari, Joanna Dionne, Cagla Eskicioglu, Sara Bolin, Rebecca Afford, Madeleine Armstrong, Ahmer Karimuddin, Regina Leung, Ge Shi, Christina Lim, Aaron Grant, Julie Ann Van Koughnett, Sarah Knowles, Elizabeth Clement, Claire Lange, Aishwi Roshan, Ahmer Karimuddin, Tracy Scott, Kara Nadeau, Jennifer Macmillan, Jaime Wilson, Madeleine Deschenes, Aruba Nurullah, Caitlin Cahill, Victoria H Chen, Keiko M Patterson, Sam M Wiseman, Betty Wen, Joshua Bhudial, Anise Barton, Jessica Lie, Chan Mi Park, Laiji Yang, Natalia Gouskova, Dae Hyun Kim, Rebecca Afford, Sara Bolin, Dunavan Morris-Janzen, Alastair Mclellan, Ahmer Karimuddin, Victoria Archer, Zacharie Cloutier, Annie Berg, Tyler Mckechnie, Wojtek Wiercioch, Cagla Eskicioglu, Joëlle Labonté, Pascale Bisson, André Bégin, Sonia Gabriela Cheng-Oviedo, Yves Collin, Alisha R Fernandes, Intekhab Hossain, James Ellsmere, Charbel El-Kefraoui, Uyen Do, Andrew Miller, Araz Kouyoumdjian, David Cui, Elahe Khorasani, Tara Landry, Alexandre Amar-Zifkin, Lawrence Lee, Liane Feldman, Julio Fiore, Tran Michelle Au, Mark Oppenheimer, Sarvesh Logsetty, Raghad Alshammari, Mohammad Alabri, Ahmer Karimuddin, Carl Brown, Manoj J Raval, Paul Terry Phang, Samantha Bird, Zarrukh Baig, Nawaf Abu-Omar, Dilip Gill, Soumiya Suresh, Nathan Ginther, Marta Karpinski, Amandeep Ghuman, Peter R A Malik, Kameela Alibhai, Taryn Zabolotniuk, Isabelle Raîche, Nada Gawad, Sarah Mashal, Nathalie Boulanger, Larry Watt, Tarek Razek, Paola Fata, Jeremy Grushka, Evan G Wong, Intekhab Hossain, Maxim Landry, Sarah Mackey, Nicholas Fairbridge, Alison Greene, Mark Borgoankar, Cullen Kim, Diana Decarvalho, David Pace, Robin Wigen, Emily Walser, Jacob Davidson, Michael Dorward, Leanne Muszynski, Celia Dann, Natashia Seemann, Jennifer Lam, Kaitlyn Harding, A J Lowik, Caroline Guinard, Sam Wiseman, Odelle Ma, Valentin Mocanu, Andrea Lin, Shahzeer Karmali, David Bigam, Kaitlyn Harding, Grant Greaves, Brent Parker, Vu Nguyen, Azim Ahmed, Belinda Yee, Joël Perren, Mathew Norman, Morgan Grey, Rafael Perini, Fahd Jowhari, Adrian Bak, Jeremy Drung, Laura Allen, Daniele Wiseman, Bradley Moffat, Jeremy K H Lee, Catherine Mcguire, Isabelle Raîche, Mihaela Tudorache, Nada Gawad, Lily J Park, Flavia K Borges, Rahima Nenshi, Michael Jacka, Diane Heels-Ansdell, Marko Simunovic, Jessica Bogach, Pablo E Serrano, Lehana Thabane, P J Devereaux, Sauleha Farooq, Erica Lester, Janice Kung, Nori Bradley, Gordon Best, San Ahn, Lisa Zhang, Nicole Prince, Olivia Cheng-Boivin, Nieve Seguin, Harry Wang, Liam Quartermain, Sherry Tan, Jennifer Shamess, Mathilde Simard, Humberto Vigil, Isabelle Raîche, Mary Hanna, Husein Moloo, Riordan Azam, Gary Ko, Mayanne Zhu, Yanuga Raveendran, Christine Lam, Janet Tang, Amrit Bajwa, Marina Englesakis, Emma Reel, Jordan Cleland, Laura Snell, Gianni Lorello, Tulin Cil, Hilalion San Ahn, Catherine Dube, Daniel Mcisaac, David Smith, Alexie Leclerc, Jennifer Shamess, Alaa Rostom, Natalia Calo, Kednapa Thavorn, Husein Moloo, Simon Laplante, Louis Liu, Nadia Khan, Allan Okrainec, Odelle Ma, Andrea Lin, Valentin Mocanu, Shahzeer Karmali, David Bigam, Gladys Bruyninx, Ilinca Georgescu, Vladislav Khokhotva, Gaurav Talwar, Sahil Sharma, Tyler Mckechnie, Shuling Yang, Jigish Khamar, Dennis Hong, Aristithes Doumouras, Cagla Eskicioglu, Karina Spoyalo, Thais Ayres Rebello, Gyan Chhipi-Shrestha, Kelly Mayson, Rehan Sadiq, Kasun Hewage, Andrea Macneill, Susan Muncner, Mo Yu Li, Igor Mihajlovic, Mark Dykstra, Ryan Snelgrove, Haili Wang, Christina Schweitzer, Sam M Wiseman, Ivneet Garcha, Uzair Jogiat, Vickie Baracos, Simon R Turner, Dean Eurich, Heather Filafilo, Armin Rouhi, Alexandre Bédard, Eric L R Bédard, Yogita S Patel, Jacob A Alaichi, John Agzarian, Wael C Hanna, Yogita S Patel, Jacob A Alaichi, Esther Provost, Bobby Shayegan, Anthony Adili, Wael C Hanna, Nikkita Mistry, Anthony A Gatti, Yogita S Patel, Forough Farrokhyar, Feng Xie, Wael C Hanna, Kerrie A Sullivan, Forough Farrokhyar, Yogita S Patel, Moishe Liberman, Simon R Turner, Anne V Gonzalez, Rahul Nayak, Kazuhiro Yasufuku, Wael C Hanna, Nikkita Mistry, Anthony A Gatti, Yogita S Patel, Sam Cross, Forough Farrokhyar, Feng Xie, Wael C Hanna, Pier-Luc Haché, Geraud Galvaing, Serge Simard, Jocelyn Grégoire, Jean Bussières, Yves Lacasse, Sami Sassi, Catherine Champagne, Anne-Sophie Laliberté, Jin Yong Jeong, Uzair Jogiat, Hillary Wilson, Alexandre Bédard, Pam Blakely, Jerry Dang, Warren Sun, Shahzeer Karmali, Eric L R Bédard, Clarence Wong, Suhail Yaqoob Hakim, Samim Azizi, Ayman El-Menyar, Sandro Rizoli, Hassan Al-Thani, Alisha R Fernandes, Daniel French, Chao Li, James Ellsmere, Shiloh Gossen, Daniel French, Jon Bailey, Phil Tibbo, Candice Crocker, Adom Bondzi-Simpson, Tiago Ribeiro, Biniam Kidane, Michael Ko, Natalie Coburn, Girish Kulkarni, Julie Hallet, Ahmed Faidh Ramzee, Ibrahim Afifi, Mushrek Alani, Ayman El-Menyar, Sandro Rizoli, Hassan Al-Thani, Talat Chughtai, Bright Huo, Daria Manos, Zhaolin Xu, Katerina-Maria Kontouli, Samuel Chun, John Fris, Allison M R Wallace, Daniel G French, Catherine Giffin, Moishe Liberman, Gabriel Dayan, Anne-Sophie Laliberté, Kazuhiro Yasufuku, Alexander Farivar, Biniam Kidane, Cara Weessies, Madeline Robinson, Leeann Bednarek, Gordon Buduhan, Richard Liu, Lawrence Tan, Sadeesh K Srinathan, Biniam Kidane, Awrad Nasralla, Najib Safieddine, Sayf Gazala, Carmine Simone, Negar Ahmadi, Roy Hilzenrat, Maurice Blitz, Shaun Deen, Michael Humer, Anand Jugnauth, Gordon Buduhan, Laura Kerr, Simon Sun, Ikennah Browne, Yogita Patel, Wael Hanna, Brandon Loshusan, Arefin Shamsil, Michael D Naish, Mehdi Qiabi, Rahul Nayak, Rajni Patel, Richard Malthaner, Patel Pooja, Ribeiro Roberto, Hirsch Greg, French Daniel, Caroline Huynh, Sohat Sharma, Arthur Vieira, Fagun Jain, Yejun Lee, Dorsa Mousa-Doust, Jonice Costa, Michelle Mezei, Kristine Chapman, Hannah Briemberg, Kristin Jack, Kyle Grant, James Choi, John Yee, Anna L Mcguire, Sami Aftab Abdul, Francois Khazoom, Katherine Aw, Rebecca Lau, Sebastien Gilbert, Sudhir Sundaresan, Daniel Jones, Andrew J E Seely, Patrick J Villeneuve, Donna E Maziak, Claudie-Anne Pigeon, Jonathan Frigault, Sébastien Drolet, Ève-Marie Roy, Kristopher Bujold-Pitre, Valérie Courval, Lea Tessier, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Lily Park, Nirupa Gangam, Cagla Eskicioglu, Zacharie Cloutier, Tyler Mckechnie, Victoria Archer, Lily Park, Jay Lee, Ashaka Patel, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Simarpreet Ichhpuniani, Tyler Mckechnie, Geoffrey Elder, Andrew Chen, Kathleen Logie, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Randy Benko, Cagla Eskicioglu, Matthew Castelo, Lawrence Paszat, Bettina Hansen, Adena Scheer, Neil Faught, Lena Nguyen, Nancy Baxter, Sahil Sharma, Tyler Mckechnie, Jigish Khamar, Kathy Wu, Cagla Eskicioglu, Tyler Mckechnie, Jigish Khamar, Yung Lee, Léa Tessier, Edward Passos, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Tyler Mckechnie, Jigish Khamar, Anjali Sachdeva, Yung Lee, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Linda Y N Fei, Antonio Caycedo, Sunil Patel, Teodora Popa, Lee Boudreau, Andrea Grin, Tao Wang, Jessica Lie, Ahmer Karimuddin, Carl Brown, Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Amandeep Ghuman, Sydney Candy, Kareena Nanda, Christine Li, Ryan Snelgrove, Mark Dykstra, Karen Kroeker, Haili Wang, Haven Roy, Ramzi M Helewa, Garrett Johnson, Harminder Singh, Eric Hyun, Dana Moffatt, Ashley Vergis, Patricia Balmes, Terry Phang, Michael Guo, Jerry Liu, Haven Roy, Sandra Webber, Farhana Shariff, Ramzi M Helewa, Dave Hochman, Jason Park, Garrett Johnson, Eric Hyun, Stephan Robitaille, Anna Wang, Michael Maalouf, Naser Alali, Hiba Elhaj, Sender Liberman, Patrick Charlebois, Barry Stein, Liane Feldman, Julio F Fiore, Lawrence Lee, Richard Hu, Ariane Lacaille-Ranger, San Ahn, Mihaela Tudorache, Husein Moloo, Lara Williams, Isabelle Raîche, Reilly Musselman, Maddy Lemke, Laura Allen, Nadeesha Samarasinghe, Kelly Vogt, Muriel Brackstone, Terry Zwiep, Elizabeth Clement, Claire Lange, Armaghan Alam, Anu Ghuman, Ahmer Karimuddin, Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Carl Brown, Elizabeth Clement, Jerry Liu, Anu Ghuman, Ahmer Karimuddin, Terry Phang, Manoj Raval, Carl Brown, Hanaa N Mughal, Muhammed A Gok, Usman A Khan, Hanaa N Mughal, Muhammed A Gok, Usman A Khan, Hanaa N Mughal, Muhammed A Gok, Usman A Khan, Hanaa N Mughal, Muhammed A Gok, Usman A Khan, Nicholas James, Terry Zwiep, Julie Ann Van Koughnett, Dora Laczko, Tyler Mckechnie, Shuling Yang, Kathy Wu, Sahil Sharma, Yung Lee, Lily Park, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Sameer Parpia, Mohit Bhandari, Cagla Eskicioglu, Tyler Mckechnie, Léa Tessier, Stephanie Lee, Tania Kazi, Praveen Sritharan, Yung Lee, Aristithes Doumouras, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Dennis Hong, Joanna Dionne, Aristithes Doumouras, Sameer Parpia, Mohit Bhandari, Cagla Eskicioglu, Olivia Hershorn, Amandeep Ghuman, Ahmer Karimuddin, Carl Brown, Manoj Raval, P Terry Phang, Alex Chen, Marylise Boutros, Natasha Caminsky, Teodora Dumitra, Sarah Faris-Sabboobeh, Marie Demian, Georgia Rigas, Olivia Monton, Allister Smith, Jeongyoon Moon, Marie Demian, Richard Garfinkle, Carol-Ann Vasilevsky, Fateme Rajabiyazdi, Marylise Boutros, Emily Courage, Danielle Leblanc, Matthew Benesch, Kala Hickey, Katia Hartwig, Casey Armstrong, Reniel Engelbrecht, Mitchell Fagan, Mark Borgaonkar, David Pace, Jessica Shanahan, Jeongyoon Moon, Ebram Salama, Anna Wang, Mylène Arsenault, Nathalie Leon, Carmen Loiselle, Fatemeh Rajabiyazdi, Marylise Boutros, Kelly Brennan, Mandip Rai, Ameer Farooq, Chad Mcclintock, Weidong Kong, Sunil Patel, Neyla Boukhili, Natasha Caminsky, Sarah Faris-Sabboobeh, Marie Demian, Marylise Boutros, Tiffany Paradis, Stephan Robitaille, Teodora Dumitra, A Sender Liberman, Patrick Charlebois, Barry Stein, Julio F Fiore, Liane S Feldman, Lawrence Lee, Terry Zwiep, Deborah Abner, Tarik Alam, Elaine Beyer, Michele Evans, Mary Hill, Debra Johnston, Karla Lohnes, Svea Menard, Nicole Pitcher, Kelly Sair, Bev Smith, Bonita Yarjau, Kimberly Leblanc, Nadeesha Samarasinghe, Ahmer A Karimuddin, Carl J Brown, P Terry Phang, Manoj J Raval, Karen Macdonell, Amandeep Ghuman, Alexandra Harvey, P Terry Phang, Ahmer Karimuddin, Carl J Brown, Manoj J Raval, Amandeep Ghuman, Olivia Hershorn, Amandeep Ghuman, Ahmer Karimuddin, Manoj Raval, P Terry Phang, Carl Brown, Kathleen Logie, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Mirna Matta, Laura Baker, Jessica Hopkins, Ryan Rochon, Donald Buie, Anthony Maclean, Amandeep Ghuman, Jason Park, Ahmer A Karimuddin, P Terry Phang, Manoj J Raval, Carl J Brown, Ameer Farooq, Amandeep Ghuman, Sunil Patel, Hugh Macdonald, Ahmer Karimuddin, Manoj Raval, P Terry Phang, Carl Brown, Vanessa Wiseman, Kelly Brennan, Sunil Patel, Ameer Farooq, Shaila Merchant, Weidong Kong, Chad Mcclintock, Chris Booth, Tim Hann, Alessandro Ricci, Sunil Patel, Kelly Brennan, Vanessa Wiseman, Chad Mcclintock, Weidong Kong, Ameer Farooq, Rohan Kakkar, Olivia Hershorn, Manoj Raval, P Terry Phang, Ahmer Karimuddin, Amandeep Ghuman, Carl Brown, Vanessa Wiseman, Ameer Farooq, Sunil Patel, Roy Hajjar, Emmanuel Gonzalez, Gabriela Fragoso, Manon Oliero, Ahmed Amine Alaoui, Hervé Vennin Rendos, Souad Djediai, Thibault Cuisiniere, Patrick Laplante, Claire Gerkins, Ayodeji Samuel Ajayi, Khoudia Diop, Nassima Taleb, Sophie Thérien, Frédéricke Schampaert, Hefzi Alratrout, François Dagbert, Rasmy Loungnarath, Herawaty Sebajang, Frank Schwenter, Ramses Wassef, Richard Ratelle, Éric Debroux, Jean-François Cailhier, Bertrand Routy, Borhane Annabi, Nicholas J B Brereton, Carole Richard, Manuela M Santos, Tamara Gimon, Helen Macrae, Anthony De Buck Van Overstraeten, Mantaj Brar, Sami Chadi, Erin Kennedy, Laura Baker, Jessica Hopkins, Ryan Rochon, Donald Buie, Anthony Maclean, Lily J Park, Victoria Archer, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Daniel Mcisaac, Pavel Rashanov, Cagla Eskicioglu, Husein Moloo, P J Devereaux, Rehab Alsayari, Tyler Mckechnie, Simarpreet Ichhpuniani, Yung Lee, Cagla Eskicioglu, Roy Hajjar, Manon Oliero, Gabriela Fragoso, Ayodeji Samuel Ajayi, Ahmed Amine Alaoui, Hervé Vennin Rendos, Annie Calvé, Thibault Cuisinière, Claire Gerkins, Sophie Thérien, Nassima Taleb, François Dagbert, Herawaty Sebajang, Rasmy Loungnarath, Frank Schwenter, Richard Ratelle, Ramses Wassef, Eric Debroux, Carole Richard, Manuela M Santos, Erin Kennedy, Marko Simunovic, Selina Schmocker, Carl Brown, Anthony Maclean, Sender Liberman, Sébastien Drolet, Katerina Neumann, Peter Stotland, Kartik Jhaveri, Richard Kirsch, Hafssah Alnajem, Huseen Alibrahim, Christian Giundi, Alex Chen, Georgia Rigas, Haroon Munir, Ali Safar, Sarah Sabboobeh, Jessica Holland, Marylise Boutros, Erin Kennedy, Carole Richard, Marko Simunovic, Selina Schmocker, Carl Brown, Anthony Maclean, Sender Liberman, Sébastien Drolet, Katerina Neumann, Peter Stotland, Kartik Jhaveri, Richard Kirsch, Gladys Bruyninx, Dilip Gill, Rehab Alsayari, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Lisa Zhang, Sean Abtahi, Allison Chhor, Gordon Best, Isabelle Raîche, Reilly Musselman, Lara Williams, Husein Moloo, Natasha Grace Caminsky, Jenny Jeongyoon Moon, Daniel Marinescu, Allison Pang, Carol-Ann Vasilevsky, Marylise Boutros, Mohammed Al-Abri, Elliott Gee, Ahmer Karimuddin, P Terry Phang, Carl Brown, Manoj Raval, Amandeep Ghuman, Nina Morena, Libby Ben-Zvi, Victoria Hayman, Mary Hou, Diana Nguyen, Carrie A Rentschler, Ari N Meguerditchian, Zuhaib Mir, Linda Fei, Sandra Mckeown, Rachelle Dinchong, Nicholas Cofie, Nancy Dalgarno, Rona Cheifetz, Shaila Merchant, Alisha Jaffer, Carolyn Cullinane, Gerard Feeney, Amirhossein Jalali, Anne Merrigan, Chwanrow Baban, Juliette Buckley, Shona Tormey, Matthew Benesch, Rongrong Wu, Kazuaki Takabe, Matthew Benesch, Shalana O'Brien, Karineh Kazazian, Ali Hosni Abdalaty, Christine Brezden, Ron Burkes, Eric Chen, Anand Govindarajan, Raymond Jang, Erin Kennedy, Jelena Lukovic, Aruz Mesci, Fayez Quereshy, Carol Swallow, Sami Chadi, Rogeh Habashi, Jesse Pasternak, Wanda Marini, Weiyue Zheng, Kiichi Murakami, Pamela Ohashi, Michael Reedijk, Richard Hu, Victoria Ivankovic, Lewis Han, Louise Gresham, Ranjeeta Mallick, Rebecca Auer, Tiago Ribeiro, Adom Bondzi-Simpson, Natalie Coburn, Julie Hallet, Tulin Cil, Adam Fontebasso, Alex Lee, Ericka Bernard-Bedard, Boaz Wong, Heidi Li, Elysia Grose, Olivier Brandts-Longtin, Katie Aw, Rebecca Lau, Ahmad Abed, James Stevenson, Rahat Sheikh, Richard Chen, Stephanie Johnson-Obaseki, Carolyn Nessim, Rachel Liu Hennessey, Adam T Meneghetti, Michael Bildersheim, Antoine Bouchard-Fortier, Gregg Nelson, Lloyd Mack, Farhad Ghasemi, Mahtab Malekian Naeini, Armen Parsyan, Yuvreet Kaur, Andrea Covelli, Fayez Quereshy, Elena Elimova, Elan Panov, Jelena Lukovic, James Brierley, Bev Burnett, Carol Swallow, Ashley Eom, David Kirkwood, Nicole Hodgson, Aristithes Doumouras, Jessica Bogach, Timothy Whelan, Mark Levine, Elena Parvez, Deanna Ng, Karineh Kazazian, Kiera Lee, Yi Qing Lu, Dae Kyum Kim, Marco Magalhaes, Emma Grigor, Angel Arnaout, Jing Zhang, Elliott K Yee, Julie Hallet, Nicole J Look Hong, Lena Nguyen, Natalie Coburn, Frances C Wright, Sonal Gandhi, Katarzyna J Jerzak, Andrea Eisen, Amanda Roberts, Daniel Ben Lustig, May Lynn Quan, Tien Phan, Antoine Bouchard-Fortier, Jeff Cao, Conrad Bayley, Akie Watanabe, Susan Yao, Eitan Prisman, Gary Groot, Elliot Mitmaker, Ross Walker, Jonn Wu, Jesse Pasternak, Chi Kien Lai, Antoine Eskander, Jonathan Wasserman, Frederic Mercier, Kathryn Roth, Sabrina Gill, Carlos Villamil, David Goldstein, Vicki Munro, Alok Pathak, Debon Lee, Anne Nguyen, Sam Wiseman, Luckshi Rajendran, Marco Claasen, Tommy Ivanics, Nazia Selzner, Ian Mcgilvray, Mark Cattral, Anand Ghanekar, Carol-Anne Moulton, Trevor Reichman, Chaya Shwaartz, Ur Metser, Ron Burkes, Erin Winter, Steven Gallinger, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Juan Glinka, Evelyn Waugh, Ken Leslie, Anton Skaro, Epharaim Tang, Juan Glinka, Janyssa Charbonneau, Alexandre Brind'amour, Alexis F Turgeon, Sarah O'Connor, Thomas Couture, Yifan Wang, Osamu Yoshino, Michael Driedger, Michael Beckman, Dionisios Vrochides, John Martinie, Abdulrahman Alabduljabbar, Maral Aali, Christopher Lightfoot, Boris Gala-Lopez, Maud Labelle, Frédérick D'Aragon, Yves Collin, Dhruvin Hirpara, Jonathan Irish, Mohammed Rashid, Tharsiya Martin, Alice Zhu, Leah Mcknight, Amber Hunter, Shiva Jayaraman, Alice Wei, Natalie Coburn, Frances Wright, Katlin Mallette, Ahmad Elnahas, Nawar Alkhamesi, Christopher Schlachta, Jeffrey Hawel, Ephraim Tang, Subin Punnen, Jade Zhong, Yuwei Yang, Lucas Streith, Jordan Yu, Stephen Chung, Peter Kim, Stephanie Chartier-Plante, Maja Segedi, Michael Bleszynski, Molly White, Melanie E Tsang, Shiva Jayaraman, Kimberley Lam-Tin-Cheung, Shiva Jayaraman, Melanie Tsang, Brittany Greene, Panthea Pouramin, Susan Allen, David Evan Nelson, Mark Walsh, Julien Côté, Rolando Rebolledo, Mélanie Borie, Ahmed Menaouar, Carolyne Landry, Marylène Plasse, Richard Létourneau, Michel Dagenais, Zhixia Rong, André Roy, Eve Beaudry-Simoneau, Franck Vandenbroucke-Menu, Réal Lapointe, Pasquale Ferraro, Shant Der Sarkissian, Nicolas Noiseux, Simon Turcotte, Yara Haddad, Antoine Bernard, Clara Lafortune, Nathalie Brassard, Annie Roy, Claude Perreault, Gaétan Mayer, Mieczyslaw Marcinkiewicz, Majambu Mbikay, Michel Chrétien, Simon Turcotte, Evelyn Waugh, Lynne Sinclair, Juan Glinka, Elizabeth Shin, Crystal Engelage, Ephraim Tang, Anton Skaro, Hala Muaddi, Jennifer Flemming, Bettina Hansen, Laura Dawson, Grainne O'Kane, Jordan Feld, Gonzalo Sapisochin, Alice Zhu, Shiva Jayaraman, Sean Cleary, Anthonie Hamel, Claudie-Anne Pigeon, Camille Marcoux, Thanh-Quan Philips Ngo, Isabelle Deshaies, Sarah Mansouri, Nawal Amhis, Maxime Léveillé, Christine Lawson, Carol Achard, Carolina Ilkow, Yves Collin, Lee-Hwa Tai, Lily Park, Christopher Griffiths, Daniel D'Souza, Felipe Rodriguez, Tyler Mckechnie, Pablo E Serrano, Rachel Liu Hennessey, Yuwei Yang, Adam T Meneghetti, O Neely M Panton, Chieh Jack Chiu, Oscar Henao, Fernando Spencer Netto, Marguerite Mainprize, Rachel Liu Hennessey, Chieh Jack Chiu, Rachel Liu Hennessey, Chieh Jack Chiu, Sukhdeep Jatana, Kevin Verhoeff, Valentin Mocanu, Uzair Jogiat, Daniel Birch, Shahzeer Karmali, Noah Switzer, Alexandra Hetherington, Kevin Verhoeff, Valentin Mocanu, Daniel Birch, Shahzeer Karmali, Noah Switzer, Ali Safar, Najla Al-Ghaithi, Phil Vourtzoumis, Sebastian Demyttenaere, Olivier Court, Amin Andalib, Hillary Wilson, Kevin Verhoeff, Jerry Dang, Janice Kung, Noah Switzer, Daniel Birch, Karen Madsen, Shahzeer Karmali, Valentin Mocanu, Ted Wu, Wenjing He, Ashley Vergis, Krista Hardy, Marta Zmudzinski, Felica Daenick, Janice Linton, Marta Zmudzinski, Melinda Fowler-Woods, Wenjing He, Amanda Fowler-Woods, Geraldine Shingoose, Ashley Vergis, Krista Hardy, Yung Lee, Aristithes Doumouras, Amber Molnar, Francis Nguyen, Dennis Hong, Romano Schneider, Andras B Fecso, Priya Sharma, Azusa Maeda, Timothy Jackson, Allan Okrainec, Cheynne Mclean, Valentin Mocanu, Daniel Birch, Shahzeer Karmali, Noah Switzer, Sarah Macvicar, Jerry Dang, Valentin Mocanu, Kevin Verhoeff, Uzair Jogiat, Shahzeer Karmali, Daniel Birch, Noah Switzer, Steffane Mclennan, Kevin Verhoeff, Kieran Purich, Jerry Dang, Janice Kung, Valentin Mocanu, Steffane Mclennan, Kevin Verhoeff, Valentin Mocanu, Uzair Jogiat, Daniel W Birch, Shahzeer Karmali, Noah J Switzer, Lisa Jeffery, Hamish Hwang, Alexis Ryley, Morgan Schellenberg, Natthida Owattanapanich, Brent Emigh, Chance Nichols, Joshua Dilday, Chaiss Ugarte, Atsushi Onogawa, Kazuhide Matsushima, Matthew J Martin, Kenji Inaba, Morgan Schellenberg, Brent Emigh, Chance Nichols, Joshua Dilday, Chaiss Ugarte, Atsushi Onogawa, Doug Shapiro, Daniel Im, Kenji Inaba, Morgan Schellenberg, Natthida Owattanapanich, Chaiss Ugarte, Lydia Lam, Matthew J Martin, Kenji Inaba, Joao Rezende-Neto, Sunil Patel, Lisa Zhang, Zuhaib Mir, Madeline Lemke, William Leeper, Laura Allen, Eric Walser, Kelly Vogt, Tiago Ribeiro, Sarah Bateni, Adom Bondzi-Simpson, Natalie Coburn, Julie Hallet, Victoria Barabash, Austin Barr, Wing Chan, Suhail Yaqoob Hakim, Ayman El-Menyar, Sandro Rizoli, Hassan Al-Thani, Hanaa N Mughal, Mumtaz Bhugio, Muhammed A Gok, Usman A Khan, Ahmed Warraich, Lawrence Gillman, Markus Ziesmann, Jovana Momic, Nouf Yassin, Mella Kim, Amy Makish, Eric Walser, Shane Smith, Ian Ball, Brad Moffat, Neil Parry, Kelly Vogt, Alex Lee, Jenna Kroeker, David Evans, Nahal Fansia, Chana Notik, Evan G Wong, Guire Coyle, David Seben, Jaiden Smith, Brandy Tanenbaum, Corey Freedman, Avery Nathens, Robert Fowler, Prachikumari Patel, Tim Elrick, Meghan Ewing, Steven Di Marco, Tarek Razek, Jeremy Grushka, Evan G Wong, Lily J Park, Flavia K Borges, Rahima Nenshi, Pablo E Serrano, Paul Engels, Kelly Vogt, Emily Di Sante, Jessica Vincent, Kate Tsiplova, P J Devereaux, Gaurav Talwar, Joanna Dionne, Tyler Mckechnie, Yung Lee, Tania Kazi, Abdullah El-Sayes, Jessica Bogach, Dennis Hong, Cagla Eskicioglu, Matthew Connell, Amanda Klooster, Jenna Beck, Kevin Verhoeff, Matt Strickland, Ram Anantha, Lilly Groszman, Natasha G Caminsky, Larry Watt, Nathalie Boulanger, Tarek Razek, Jeremy Grushka, Steven Di Marco, Evan G Wong, Rachel Livergant, Brooke Mcdonald, Catherine Binda, Shreya Luthra, Nicole Ebert, Ryan Falk, Emilie Joos

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

No abstract provided.

Community Engagement In Precision Medicine Research: Organizational Practices And Their Impacts For Equity, Janet K Shim, Nicole Foti, Emily Vasquez, Stephanie M Fullerton, Michael Bentz, Melanie Jeske, Sandra Soo-Jin Lee

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Background: In the wake of mandates for biomedical research to increase participation by members of historically underrepresented populations, community engagement (CE) has emerged as a key intervention to help achieve this goal.

Methods: Using interviews, observations, and document analysis, we examine how stakeholders in precision medicine research understand and seek to put into practice ideas about who to engage, how engagement should be conducted, and what engagement is for.

Results: We find that ad hoc, opportunistic, and instrumental approaches to CE exacted significant consequences for the time and resources devoted to engagement and the ultimate impacts it has on research. …

Public Mental Health During And After The Sars-Cov-2 Pandemic: Opportunities For Intervention, Melissa M Karnaze, Brent M Kious, Lindsay Z Feuerman, Sarah Classen, Jill O Robinson, Cinnamon S Bloss, Amy L Mcguire

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Importance: During the pandemic, the number of United States adults reporting clinically significant symptoms of anxiety and depression sky-rocketed, up from 11% in 2020 to more than 40% in 2021. Our current mental healthcare system cannot adequately accommodate the current crisis; it is therefore important to identify opportunities for public mental health interventions.

Objective: Assess whether modifiable emotional factors may offer a point of intervention for the mental health crisis.

Design setting and participants: From January 13 to 15, 2022, adults living in the United States were recruited via Amazon Mechanical Turk to complete an anonymous survey.

Main outcomes and …

Renewed Calls For Abortion-Related Research In The Post-Roe Era, Sophie L Schott, April Adams, Ryan J Dougherty, Taylor Montgomery, Folasade C Lapite, Faith E Fletcher

Center for Medical Ethics and Health Policy Staff Publications

Nearly 50 years after Roe versus Wade, the United States Supreme Court's decision in Dobbs versus Jackson Women's Health Organization unraveled the constitutional right to abortion, allowing individual states to severely restrict or ban the procedure. In response, leading medical, public health, and community organizations have renewed calls for research to elucidate and address the burgeoning social and medical consequences of new abortion restrictions. Abortion research not only includes studies that establish the safety, quality, and efficacy of evidence-based abortion care protocols, but also encompasses studies on the availability of abortion care, the consequences of being denied an abortion, and …