Medical Cell Biology Commons^™

Low Level Lead Exposure Impairs Attentional Set Shifting Task Performance Depending Upon Sex And Developmental Periods Of Exposure, L.S. Neuwirth, D.W. Anderson, J. S. Schneider

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Introduction

Exposure to low levels of lead (Pb) impairs a variety of cognitive processes. Although children exposed to Pb developmentally present with a variety of cognitive impairments that include deficits in learning, memory, language, and executive functioning, experimental work on Pb toxicity in rats has focused mostly on learning and memory deficits and less on executive functions. However, detrimental effects on executive functioning could lead to or even underlie a variety of other cognitive problems attributed to Pb exposure. In this study, we examined the ability of Long Evans rats (control and Pb-exposed: 150ppm Pb-acetate in food given perinatally (gestation …

Strategic Distribution Of The Mitochondrial Ca2+ Uniporter In Cardiac Mitochondria, Sergio De La Fuente, Caitlin Vail, Elorm J. Agra, Kira Holmstrom, Junhui Sun, Jyotsna Mishra, Toren Finkel, Elizabeth Murphy, Shey-Shing Sheu, György Csordás

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Background:

1) Control of the mitochondrial ATP production by SR-derived Ca²⁺ signals includes local, nanodomain Ca²⁺ transfer from ryanodine receptors (RyR2) to the mitochondrial matrix (excitation-bioenergetics coupling).

2) Ca²⁺ crosses the inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) via the mtCU, a low-affinity Ca²⁺-activated Ca²⁺ channel complex.

3) The surface area of cardiac IMM is extensively enhanced by cristae folding; however, mitoplast patch clamp studies showed mtCU current density the lowest amongst a range of tissues (Fieni 2012. Nat Commun).

Compensatory Fetal Membrane Mechanisms Between Biglycan And Decorin In Inflammation., Luciana Batalha De Miranda De Araujo, Casie E Horgan, Abraham Aron, Renato V. Iozzo, Beatrice E Lechner

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Preterm premature rupture of fetal membranes (PPROM) is associated with infection, and is one of the most common causes of preterm birth. Abnormal expression of biglycan and decorin, two extracellular matrix proteoglycans, leads to preterm birth and aberrant fetal membrane morphology and signaling in the mouse. In humans and mice, decorin dysregulation is associated with inflammation in PPROM. We therefore investigated the link between biglycan and decorin and inflammation in fetal membranes using mouse models of intraperitoneal Escherichia coli injections superimposed on genetic biglycan and decorin deficiencies. We assessed outcomes in vivo as well as in vitro using quantitative PCR, …

Mitochondrial Ca(2+) Uptake By The Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 2 Regulates Cardiac Rhythmicity., Hirohito Shimizu, Johann Schredelseker, Jie Huang, Kui Lu, Shamim Naghdi, Fei Lu, Sarah Franklin, Hannah Dg Fiji, Kevin Wang, Huanqi Zhu, Cheng Tian, Billy Lin, Haruko Nakano, Amy Ehrlich, Junichi Nakai, Adam Z Stieg, James K Gimzewski, Atsushi Nakano, Joshua I. Goldhaber, Thomas M. Vondriska, György Hajnóczky, Ohyun Kwon, Jau-Nian Chen

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Tightly regulated Ca(2+) homeostasis is a prerequisite for proper cardiac function. To dissect the regulatory network of cardiac Ca(2+) handling, we performed a chemical suppressor screen on zebrafish tremblor embryos, which suffer from Ca(2+) extrusion defects. Efsevin was identified based on its potent activity to restore coordinated contractions in tremblor. We show that efsevin binds to VDAC2, potentiates mitochondrial Ca(2+) uptake and accelerates the transfer of Ca(2+) from intracellular stores into mitochondria. In cardiomyocytes, efsevin restricts the temporal and spatial boundaries of Ca(2+) sparks and thereby inhibits Ca(2+) overload-induced erratic Ca(2+) waves and irregular contractions. We further show that overexpression …

The Predictive Value Of The Proliferation Marker Ki-67 In Patients With Fulminant Hepatic Failure, Ashesh P. Shah, Md, Upasana Joneja, Md, David Walls, Md, John Farber, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

INTRODUCTION

In the United States, acute liver failure (ALF) affects an estimated 2,000 people per year and accounts for 6% of all liver transplants. Without transplantation, however, less than 50% of patients survive with medical management alone. Early identification of patients with survivable AFL is important to guiding their management and early referral to transplantation.

Studies have shown that the current prognostic scoring systems used for FHF, including the King’s College Criteria (KCC) and the Model for End- Stage Liver Disease (MELD), have poor sensitivity and negative predictive value for predicting outcome, highlighting a need for more accurate predictive models. …

Stromal Monocarboxylate Transporter Mct4 Is A Poor Prognostic Factor In Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Mehri Mollaee, Md, P. Cotzia, Patrick Tassone, Md, Adam J. Luginbuhl, Md, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Md, Tingting Zhan, Joseph M. Curry, Md, Madalina Tuluc, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

ABSTRACT

Introduction:

Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is the main exporter of lactate out of cells. It is also a critical component in the glycolytic metabolism of cancer cells. In this study, stromal MCT4 in oral SCC was correlated with risk of recurrence (ROR), extent of primary tumor (pT) and nodal metastasis (pN), perineural invasion (PNI), lymphovascular invasion (LVI), HPV status, extracapsular extension (ECE) and positive margin.

Methods:

Clinical data were collected for 86 consecutive patients with oral HNSCC. Tissue microarrays (TMA) were constructed from paraffin blocks of resection specimens and stained for MCT4. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was assessed and quantified …

Workflow Modifications And Addition Of Maldi-Tof Technology Significantly Improved Turn-Around-Time To Identification Of Common Urine Pathogens, Dimath Alyemni, Md, Christine M. Lam, Amity L. Roberts, Phd, D(Abmm)

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Background:

In order to improve the identification of common aerobic urine cultures as well as antimicrobial susceptibility testing (AST) setup at an Academic Medical Center, work-flow modifications and MALDI-TOF technology were incorporated. Previously, the majority of species identification was achieved with conventional identification/antimicrobial susceptibility combo panels. All urine cultures, regardless of laboratory receipt time, were previously read once per day on 1st shift.

Methods:

The initial workflow modification involved addition of a 2nd shift urine culture reading. Urine specimens received from 8:00 AM to 4:00 PM were read on 1st shift, while urine specimens received from 4:00 PM to 8:00 …

Is Myeloproliferative Neoplasm With Splanchnic Vein Thrombosis A Distinct Clinical Entity?, Upasana Joneja, Md, Jerald Z. Gong, Md, Guldeep Uppal, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Clinical History:

A 29 year-old previously healthy female presented with sub-acute symptoms of weight loss, right upper quadrant pain and nausea.

CBC results: WBC-11.7, Hb- 12.5, Platelet- 286, MCV- 90, MCV- 26.8, RDW- 18%.

Imaging: Ultrasound and MRI of the abdomen were suggestive of Budd-Chiari syndrome that was supported by a liver biopsy showing features of hepatic outflow obstruction(Figure 1). There was no clinical or radiological evidence of splenomegaly. The hypercoagulable work-up was negative. An underlying Myeloproliferative Neoplasm (MPN) was suspected.

Diagnostic Value Of Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Of Intra-Abdominal Lymph Nodes In Patients With Concurrent Biopsy Of Intra-Abdominal Tumors, Allison F. Goldberg, Md, Charalambos C. Solomides, Md, Marluce Bibbo, Md, Rossitza Draganova-Tacheva, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

BACKGROUND

• Diagnostic endoscopic biopsy of intra-abdominal lesions may be performed prior to surgical resections.

• Endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration of intra-abdominal lymph nodes may also be performed to:

• Yield more information

• Allow for more accurate staging

• We evaluate the additional staging information concurrent fine needle aspiration of intra-abdominal lymph nodes provided

DESIGN

• We included all patients at our institution from January 1, 2000 to March 30, 2015 who, during the same endoscopic procedure, had:

• Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration of an intra-abdominal lymph node AND

• Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration …

Improved Accuracy Of Surgical Pathology Accessioning, Coding, And Billing Practices After Self-Evaluation, Allison F. Goldberg, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

INTRODUCTION

Accurate accessioning, coding, and billing of specimens are vital, but often disregarded, aspects of a surgical pathologist’s job. This study had two aims related to those aspects. First, to evaluate the quality of our systems based practices in order to identify areas for improvement. Second, to assess if changes made based on our self-evaluation improved accuracy.

Tumor Metabolism In The Microenvironment Of Nodal Metastasis In Head And Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma, Mehri Mollaee, Md, Patrick T. Tassone, Md, David Cognetti, Md, Adam J. Luginbuhl, Md, Joanie Johnson, Ubaldo E. Martinez-Outshoorn, Md, Tingting Zhan, Joseph M. Curry, Md, Madalina Tuluc, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Monocarboxylate transporter 4 (MCT4) is a cell membrane transporter of lactate. MCT4 is a tumor-specific marker of oxidative stress, glycolysis and hypoxia in tumor stromal cells. We investigated HPV positive and negative tumors with regional metastases to cervical lymph nodes (LN) to study how the metastatic tumor cells interact with their microenvironment. By selecting cancers with extracapsular extension (ECE), we intended to evaluate the interaction between metastases and the surrounding extranodal tissue.

Methods:

Clinical data were collected from 24 advanced stage oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) patients with neck LN metastasis. All patients presented with at least N1 …

Assessment Of Utility Of Daily Patient Results Averages As Adjunct Quality Control In A Weekday-Only Satellite Chemistry Laboratory, Dimath Alyemni, Md, Laura J. Mccloskey, Md, Barbara Goldsmith, Phd, Facb, Aryana Treweek, Robert T. Stapp, Do, Douglas F. Stickle, Phd

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

ABSTRACT

Background:

Our department operates a weekday-only (8AM-5PM) satellite laboratory in an infusion center with a menu of 18 chemistry tests on a Roche c501 analyzer. We examined whether daily patient results averages (PRA) in this setting might be useful as a patient-based quality control (PBQC) adjunct to standard daily liquid quality control (LQC) measurements. First, we evaluated the reproducibility (coefficient of variation, CV) of daily PRAs for each analyte, and compared these to CVs of LQC. Second, for select analytes found to have relatively low PRA CVs, we evaluated the extent to which use of daily PRA measurements could …

Is Hemoglobin Variant Analysis Helpful In The Diagnostic Work-Up Of Patients Revealing Microcytic Erythrocytosis On Complete Blood Count?, Upasana Joneja, Md, Alina Dulau-Florea, Gene Gulati, Ph.D, Jerald Z. Gong, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Introduction:

Microcytic erythrocytosis is an abnormal CBC (complete blood count) finding that is under-recognized, poorly understood, and consequently under-utilized in patient care. It is characterized by decreased MCV and increased RBC count. Its etiology is likely multifactorial and includes thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies. The focus of our study was to determine the relative prevalence of hemoglobin-associated disorders in patients revealing microcytic erythrocytosis on CBC and to demonstrate whether or not hemoglobin variant analysis should be included in the diagnostic work-up of such cases.

Analysis Of Patient Results Distributions To Reevaluate A Reference Range Change For Calcium, After A Change In Assay Reagents On The Roche Cobas C500 Analyzer, Upasana Joneja, Md, Laura J. Mccloskey, Md, Douglas F. Stickle, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Introduction:

A change in reagents for calcium (Ca) on the Roche Cobas c500 used in our laboratory analyzer took place in 2013. The previous reference range (8.5-10.5 mg/dL) was replaced with that from the manufacturer's study (8.6-10.0 mg/dL), based on correlation of results between the new and old assays. As a matter of quality assurance, we undertook a post-assay-change reevaluation of the reference range change, using a method based on that of Bhattacharya [1]. In short, the method relies on the assumption that the reference range is a normal distribution, which assumption enables this distribution to be isolated mathematically from …

Quantification Of Csf Chemokines And Cytokines Allows For Rapid Laboratory Detection Of Cns Infections And Further Discrimination Between Viral And Non-Viral Pathogens, Danielle Fortuna, Md, Am Cardenas, Eh Graf, Amity L. Roberts, Phd, D(Abmm), Larry A. Harshyne, Phd, D. Craig Hooper, Phd, Mark T. Curtis, Md, Phd

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Background:

Prompt diagnosis of central nervous system (CNS) disease is critical to guide intervention and appropriate therapy. Development of novel laboratory approaches to rapidly classify acute-onset CNS disease is in great demand. Serious microbial pathogens, especially viruses, are quickly expanding beyond their historic geographic range and may not even be considered in the clinician’s differential diagnosis. Unlike bacterial cultures, current viral testing targets a limited number of viruses. Additionally, despite diversity in etiology, signs and symptoms of both infectious and non-infectious CNS disorders can be remarkably similar, which can confuse the clinical picture and delay treatment. Bacterial, viral, fungal and …

Human Parechovirus And Enterovirus Initiate Divergent Innate Immune Responses In The Cns: Pathogenic And Diagnostic Implications, Danielle Fortuna, Md, Ana Maria Cardenas, Phd, Erin H. Graf, Phd, Larry A. Harshyne, Kevin Quann, Bs, D. Craig Hooper, Phd, Mark T. Curtis, Md, Phd

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

The picornaviruses human parechovirus (HPeV) and enterovirus (EV) cause a wide range of diseases, including CNS infections, which can be severe and potentially fatal. EV causes most cases of pediatric meningoencephalitis worldwide, and HPeV type 3 (HPeV3) is the most common cause of viral meningitis in young infants. Each year in the United States, there are over 75,000 cases of aseptic meningitis. Despite reassuring short-term outcomes, negative neurodevelopmental sequalae are increasingly associated with HPeV and EV.

The pathogenesis and severity of HPeV and EV infections are undoubtedly linked to the innate and adaptive immune responses elicited by these viruses. Until …

A Distinct Pattern Of Beclin-1 Staining Helps Distinguish Sessile Serrated Adenomas, Danielle Fortuna, Md, Juan P. Palazzo, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Autophagy, a lysosomal degradation system, has both cell survival and cell death-promoting capabilities, and its versatility is exploited in many pathologic entities. In neoplastic processes, autophagy has been demonstrated to contribute to both tumor suppression and tumorigenesis in a relatively tumor-specific fashion. Beclin-1 is a protein involved in the formation of the autophagosome, the core unit of autophagy, and serves as one of the general markers for this process. Previous studies have shown Beclin-1 overexpression in both pre-neoplastic and invasive colon carcinoma but weak to absent expression in normal colonic mucosa.

Serrated polyps (SPs) of the colon represent morphologically and …

Cerebrospinal Fluid Cytokine And Chemokine Patterns In Central Nervous System Infections, Hemorrhage And Neoplasms, Danielle Fortuna, Md, Larry A. Harshyne, Phd, D. Craig Hooper, Phd, Amity L. Roberts, Phd, D(Abmm), Danielle Hutchings

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Cytokines and chemokines are soluble proteins that act as regulators of cellular functions throughout the body. Cytokines and chemokines released in the setting of various CNS disorders appear in the CSF compartment where determination of their levels can provide insight into pathogenic processes such as neuroinflammation. We utilized the Millipore HCYTOMAG 60K assay/kit/system to perform multiplex profiling of 42 different cytokines/chemokines in the CSF of patients with a variety of distinct CNS disease processes, including infection, hemorrhage and neoplasia. CNS infections included viral (Chronic Parechovirus type 3 (HPeV3), Enterovirus (EV) 68, Adenovirus, JC virus, West Nile virus), bacterial (Mycobacterium tuberculosis, …

Genomic Analysis Of Advanced Breast Cancer Using Two Types Of Next Generation Sequencing, Laura Biederman, Upasana Joneja, Md, Laura K. Austin, Md, M. Cristofanilli

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

The aim of this study is to characterize the genomic alterations of advance stage breast cancer using next generation sequencing (NGS) to identify pathways that may be commonly altered in advance stage breast cancer.

Hiv Genotyping Cost Analysis With Follow-Up As An Indicator, Laura Biederman, Md, Amity L. Roberts, Phd, D(Abmm)

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

HIV-1 genotype (GHIV), HIV-1 Integrase (HIV1I) and HIV-1 Trophile (HIV1T) assays are sendout tests that incur a significant financial burden on the laboratory when ordered on inpatients who do not receive follow-up clinic visits. For these assays to be utilized in guiding antiretroviral therapy, the patient must receive follow-up. It will reduce the sendout budget by restricting these tests to the outpatient clinic setting.

Mcm2 And Chromogranin Are Markers Of Serrated Polyp Progression, Danielle Fortuna, Md, Bruce M. Boman, Md, Phd, Juan P. Palazzo, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

Objectives:

Using immunohistochemistry for MCMs and CGA:

Examine the proliferative compartment of SPs

Assess neuroendocrine cell population in SPs

Goal: Identify potential trends in the proliferative and the neuroendocrine cell compartments in SP progression compared to the background normal mucosa

Suppression Of Invasion And Metastasis Of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Lines By Pharmacological Or Genetic Inhibition Of Slug Activity., Giovanna Ferrari-Amorotti, Claudia Chiodoni, Fei Shen, Sara Cattelani, Angela Rachele Soliera, Gloria Manzotti, Giulia Grisendi, Massimo Dominici, Francesco Rivasi, Mario Paolo Colombo, Alessandro Fatatis, Bruno Calabretta

Department of Cancer Biology Faculty Papers

Most triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) exhibit gene expression patterns associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a feature that correlates with a propensity for metastatic spread. Overexpression of the EMT regulator Slug is detected in basal and mesenchymal-type TNBCs and is associated with reduced E-cadherin expression and aggressive disease. The effects of Slug depend, in part, on the interaction of its N-terminal SNAG repressor domain with the chromatin-modifying protein lysine demethylase 1 (LSD1); thus, we investigated whether tranylcypromine [also known as trans-2-phenylcyclopropylamine hydrochloride (PCPA) or Parnate], an inhibitor of LSD1 that blocks its interaction with Slug, suppresses the migration, invasion, and metastatic …

Hormone-Induced Calcium Oscillations Depend On Cross-Coupling With Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Oscillations., Lawrence D Gaspers, Paula J Bartlett, Antonio Politi, Paul Burnett, Walson Metzger, Jane Johnston, Suresh K Joseph, Thomas Höfer, Andrew P Thomas

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Receptor-mediated oscillations in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]i) could originate either directly from an autonomous Ca(2+) feedback oscillator at the inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor or as a secondary consequence of IP3 oscillations driven by Ca(2+) feedback on IP3 metabolism. It is challenging to discriminate these alternatives, because IP3 fluctuations could drive Ca(2+) oscillations or could just be a secondary response to the [Ca(2+)]i spikes. To investigate this problem, we constructed a recombinant IP3 buffer using type-I IP3 receptor ligand-binding domain fused to GFP (GFP-LBD), which buffers IP3 in the physiological range. This IP3 buffer slows hormone-induced [IP3] dynamics without changing steady-state …

Seeing Is Believing: Optical Computed Tomography (Oct) And Histologic Analysis To Define Pathophysiology Of “Very”, Very Late Stent Thrombosis Occurring More Than 7 Years After Drug Eluting Stent Implantation, Antony G. Kaliyadan, Md, Alec Vishnevsky, Md, Henry Siu, Md, David Fishman, Md, John Farber, Md, Nicholas Ruggiero Ii, Md, Michael P. Savage, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Case Presentation

• 58-year-old male with prior non-ST elevation MI with PCI performed using a sirolimus eluting stent placed in a large OM1 branch 86 months prior presented with five hours chest pain similar to prior MI >7 years earlier.
• Additional history of hypertension, hyperlipidemia, non-compliance with antiplatelet therapy and active tobacco abuse at time of presentation.
• Patient reported self-discontinuation of medications (aspirin (time unknown), statin, beta blocker) and resumed smoking.
• Clopidogrel was discontinued by his primary physician 97 days prior to presentation
• Initial electrocardiogram revealed a lateral ST elevation MI and the patient was taken to the cardiac catheterization lab …

Loss Of Miro1-Directed Mitochondrial Movement Results In A Novel Murine Model For Neuron Disease., Tammy T Nguyen, Sang S Oh, David Weaver, Agnieszka Lewandowska, Dane Maxfield, Max-Hinderk Schuler, Nathan K Smith, Jane Macfarlane, Gerald Saunders, Cheryl A Palmer, Valentina Debattisti, Takumi Koshiba, Stefan Pulst, Eva L Feldman, György Hajnóczky, Janet M Shaw

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Faculty Papers

Defective mitochondrial distribution in neurons is proposed to cause ATP depletion and calcium-buffering deficiencies that compromise cell function. However, it is unclear whether aberrant mitochondrial motility and distribution alone are sufficient to cause neurological disease. Calcium-binding mitochondrial Rho (Miro) GTPases attach mitochondria to motor proteins for anterograde and retrograde transport in neurons. Using two new KO mouse models, we demonstrate that Miro1 is essential for development of cranial motor nuclei required for respiratory control and maintenance of upper motor neurons required for ambulation. Neuron-specific loss of Miro1 causes depletion of mitochondria from corticospinal tract axons and progressive neurological deficits mirroring …

Succinate Dehydrogenase Deficiency In Sporadic Pituitary Adenomas: A Potential Mechanism For Tumorigenesis, Edward Andrews, Md, Stacey K. Mardekian, Md, Markku Miettinen, Mark T. Curtis, Md

Department of Pathology, Anatomy, and Cell Biology Resident's Posters

In order to determine whether succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) deficiency plays a role in spor-adic, non-familial pituitary adenomas, we analyzed 80 pituitary adenomas for SDH deficiency from patients without familial tumor syndromes or without known SDH deficiency-associated neoplasms. SDH deficiency was determined by immunohistochemical (IHC) stains for SDHB since the loss of any of the four SDH subunits results in the loss of SDHB expression. Three pituitary adenomas showed complete loss of SDHB staining, and of these two also showed loss of SDHA staining. We further characterized these adenomas by looking at Ki67, IGF1R, and 5-hmC levels via IHC. SDHx …

Comparison Of Two Quantitative Image Analysis Systems For Breast Cancer Immunohistochemistry, Reid H. Phillips, Bs, Sue Direnzo, Bs, Charalambos C. Solomides, Md

Department of Pathology Honors Program Student Research Symposium

Automated image analysis systems for breast cancer immunohistochemistry promise efficiency and reliability in the quantification of therapy targets such as the estrogen receptor (ER) or human epidermal growth factor receptor (Her2). Thomas Jefferson University Hospital owns two such systems, the Aperio ScanScope AT (Leica Biosystems) and Ventana iScan Coreo (Roche). A comparison study was performed to determine if choice of system affects target quantification and subsequent clinical tumor classification. Tumor expressions of ER, progesterone receptor (PR), proliferation marker Ki67, and Her2 were quantified with both systems for tissue samples from twenty breast cancer patients. Positive tumor classification was based on …

Evaluating The Utility Of Thyroglobulin Wash Testing In The Management Of Well-Differentiated Thyroid Carcinoma, Katelyn M. Seither, Rossitza Draganova-Tacheva, Md

Department of Pathology Honors Program Student Research Symposium

Introduction

• Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasm worldwide, representing 1.7% of new cancer diagnoses and 0.5% of cancer deaths each year (Baldini et al.)
• The majority of thyroid cancers are primary (originating within the gland itself), are well-differentiated, and are derived from follicular epithelial cells
• Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common subtype

70-80% of all thyroid cancers

Peak incidence in women of child-bearing age

Generally indolent behavior, excellent prognosis with total thyroidectomy

30-90% of patients exhibit recurrent or persistent metastasis to the cervical lymph nodes (Torres et al.) and 20% of cases present with occult cancer that …

Mechanisms That Modify Immune Response In Neonatal Alloimmune Thrombocytopenia, Robert Cooper, Jay H. Herman

Department of Pathology Honors Program Student Research Symposium

What is NAIT?

Neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia (NAIT) is a form of fetal and neonatal thrombocytopenia caused by maternal-fetal platelet antigen incompatibility that results in placental transfer of maternal IgG alloantibodies against the platelet antigen. Currently, there are 28 human platelet antigen systems (HPA) that are polymorphisms of various membrane glycoprotein (GP) integrins. The first HPA and most immunogenic was discovered in the 1960’s and is now termed HPA-1, a diallelic system with HPA-1a and HPA-1b on the GPβ3 subunit of the fibrinogen receptor (Murphy). Approximate HPA-1 phenotype frequencies are: homozygous 1a,1a (~70%); heterozygous 1a,1b (~28%); homozygous 1b,1b (~2%).

Typically an …

20 Year-Old Male With Destructive Lesion Of Orbital Roof, Paris A. Barkan, Bs, Lawrence C. Kenyon, Md, Phd

Department of Pathology Honors Program Student Research Symposium

Patient History

Mr. G.R. is a 20-year-old man with no significant past medical history. He presented in July of 2013 with two months of worsening pain over the right orbit. Periorbital edema was also present. Initial treatment with eye drops, antibiotics (erythromycin followed by cephalexin), and steroids (prednisone) failed to control his symptoms.

In October of 2013, CT and MRI scans revealed a permeative destructive lesion centered in the right orbital roof with extension into the superior orbit and the floor of the anterior cranial fossa. There was no abnormal enhancement in the visualized brain parenchyma.

The radiologic appearance of …