Medical Biochemistry Commons^™

Characterizing The Effects Of Antimuscarinics On Rhoa Signaling, Zuhra Tukhtamisheva, Elizabeth L. Mcduffie, Jordan Lee, Steven S. An, Reynold A. Panettieri Jr., Charles Scott

Alpha Omega Alpha Research Symposium Posters

Purpose: Airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma is driven by acetylcholine-mediated activation of the muscarinic acetylcholine 3 receptor (M3R), promoting bronchoconstriction, mucus hypersecretion, and airway remodeling. Despite directly targeting this pathway, antimuscarinics remain adjunctive rather than first-line therapy, suggesting a disconnect between biological rationale and clinical efficacy. Recent work from the Scott Lab at Thomas Jefferson University demonstrates that M3R in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells drives muscle shortening through G_12/13–driven RhoA signaling rather than through G_q/11-dependent calcium flux. We therefore investigated whether clinically prescribed antimuscarinics effectively inhibit G_12/13-dependent RhoA signaling in HASM cells.

Methods: …

Applying Mci-062, A Novel Pan-Ras Inhibitor, To Treat Kras-Mutant Lung Cancer., Richard Fu

Poster Presentations

Honors thesis poster presentation.

RAS, one of the most prevalent oncogenes, is mutated in 27% of human cancers. Gainof- function RAS mutations activate multiple downstream pathways, including the RASRAF- MEK-ERK and PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathways, which are critical in tumorigenesis and cancer cell proliferation. The RAS proteins KRAS, HRAS, and NRAS along with their downstream effectors are attractive targets for cancer therapy since they act as frequent drivers in lung, colorectal, and pancreatic cancers. However, RAS proteins have relatively smooth surfaces that lack traditional binding pockets, making inhibitors specific to RAS difficult to create. Recently, a novel small molecule pan-RAS inhibitor named …

Notch Signaling Regulates Perivascular Adipose Tissue (Pvat) Function During Diet-Induced Obesity, C Yang, A Harrington, L Ryzhova, L Liaw

Costas T. Lambrew Research Retreat 2021

Objectives:

-To test the hypothesis that canonical Notch signaling influence vascular function by regulating PVAT-derived vascular relaxation factors.

-To determine how overexpression of Notch signaling or loss of the key Notch signaling component influence PVAT function.

Role Of Ribosome Recycling Factor As A Ribosome Releasing Factor, Yoshio Inokuchi, Fabio Quaglia, Akikazu Hirashima, Yoshihiro Yamamoto, Hideko Kaji, A. Kaji

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Posters

The objective of this presentation is to study the in vivo actions of ribosome recycling factor (RRF) and compare them with those found in vitro. RRF is known to catalyze three separate reactions: release of tRNA and mRNA from the post-termination complex (PoTC), and splitting of the ribosome of the PoTC. To study the mechanism of RRF reaction in vivo, we used E. coli harboring temperature sensitive (ts) RRF and assayed by following downstream reading of translationally coupled ORF. At the non-permissive temperature, ribosomes remain on the termination codon of the junction sequence of coupled ORFs and translate downstream ORF …

Oxcarbazepine Overdose In A Polysubstance Related Suicide, Melissa Beals, Robert J. Krumsick, C. Clinton Frazee Iii, Lindsey J. Haldiman, Uttam Garg

Posters

Introduction
Oxcarbazepine is a derivative of carbamazepine that is used primarily in the treatment of epilepsy, and experimentally as a mood-stabilizer in adjunctive therapy for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Oxcarbazepine is converted through oxidation to its pharmacologically active metabolite 10-OH-Carbazepine, which is thought to be responsible for most of the anticonvulsant action of the drug. Adverse effects of oxcarbazepine are generally dose-dependent and may include fatigue, somnolence, dizziness, diplopia, nystagmus, and ataxia. Additive sedative effects have been noted when oxcarbazepine is used in combination with other CNS depressionproducing medications. Furthermore, oxcarbazepine and 10-OH-Carbazepine are powerful CYP2C19 inhibitors, potentially increasing …

Reducing Discard Blood Draw Volumes From Subcutaneously Implanted Ports (Port) In Patients With End Stage Renal Disease (Esrd), Uttam Garg, Tyson Moore, Renita Trujillo, Penny Monachino, Amy Wiebold, Angela Ferguson, Gabor Oroszi, Vimal Chadha

Posters

Background
•To monitor clinical status, dialysis and transplant patients with ESRD frequently require blood draws.
•To preserve their veins and to avoid frequent intravenous access, these patients, especially young children, require PORT placement.
•The PORT is flushed with saline and filled with heparinized saline to prevent blood clotting between blood draws.
•To avoid contamination from PORT fluids, a fixed amount of blood is withdrawn and discarded before the blood sample is drawn for laboratory analyses. Currently, the recommended discard blood volume is 5 mL (five times the reservoir volume of most PORTs and attached catheters.)
•The volume of discarded blood …

Significant Loss Of Blood Amino Acids And Free Carnitine In Newborns Receiving Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (Crrt), Uttam Garg, Marita Thompson, Bradley A. Warady, Vimal Chadha

Posters

Background

•Newborns with acute kidney injury (AKI) or end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) often receive prolonged CRRT when the early initiation of peritoneal dialysis is either contraindicated or unable to be performed. •These patients often receive total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to meet their nutritional goals. •Little to no information exists on the loss of blood amino acids (AA) and carnitine during CRRT in these patients. •The objective of this study was to determine the amino acids and carnitine losses in newborns receiving prolonged CRRT and TPN. Material and Methods

•Three newborns who received prolonged (> 2 weeks) CRRT and TPN were …

The Effect Of Dna Methylation On Tp73 Expression In Tumorgenesis, Nujuma A. Moussa

Undergraduate Research Posters

Abstract: The Effect of DNA Methylation on TP73 Expression in Tumorgenesis

Nujuma Moussa, Zhixing Yao, Zaki A. Sherif

Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Howard University College of Medicine

TP73 is a member of the TP53 family of proteins that acts as a transcription factor to help regulate cellular distress. This tumor protein may play a dual role as a tumor suppressor and tumor promoter. The TP73 gene is mapped to chromosome 1p36, a frequently deleted region in neuroblastoma and other types of tumors. While mutations in the TP53 gene are commonly known to cause noxious cancers, 30% of cancers …

Urokinase Plasminogen Activator Expression Is Regulated By P53 Harboring The Lung Cancer-Specific Mutation V157f, Julie Barta, Md, Kristen Pauley, Steven B. Mcmahon, Phd

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Posters

OBJECTIVES

• To define the mutant p53-regulated transcriptome of lung cancer cells with alterations at V157 and R158 in the p53 tumor suppressor.
• To determine the biological effects of lung-enriched p53 mutations in lung cancer cells.

Hematuria Without Microalbuminuria, Angela Ferguson, Vimal Chadha, Amy Wiebold, Uttam Garg

Posters

Background

Microabubiminuria is a condition in which small amounts of albumin are excreted in the urine without overt nephropathy. Based on the

American Diabetic Association classification, microalbuminuria is defined as urinary excretion of albumin of 30–300 mg per 24 hours or 20–200 mcg/min or 30–300 mcg/mg creatinine. Various conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and impaired renal tubular reabsorption can lead to microalbuminuria. Microalbuminuria is an indicator and predictor of the development of overt nephropathy. If identified and treated early, overt nephropathy can be prevented and averted. Proteinuria and hematuria are the two most common urinary abnormalities encountered during routine urinalysis. …

Selection Of An Eevolved Orthogonal Ne-Acetyllysine Trnasynthetase That Can Incorporate The Unnantural Amino Acid L-Homocitrulline Site-Specifically Into Proteins, Jaclyn Alatrash, Camelia Baleanu Gogonea, Stanly L. Hazen, Joseph Didonato

Undergraduate Research Posters 2014

Oxidatively damaged apolipoprotein A1 (apoA1, the main protein constituent of high density lipoprotein (HDL) - the “good cholesterol”) has been isolated from circulating plasma and atherosclerosis plaque with modification of lysine amino acid residues to homocittruline (carbamyllysine) in apoA1 identified as a modification found increased in smokers that correlates with elevated cardiovascular risk for myocardial infarction (MI), stoke or death. The selected carbamyllysine tRNA synthetase will then be used to express a series of human apoA1 alleles containing amber codons in place of various lysine residues and assayed for its ability to form nascent HDL particles and to activate NF-κB …

"Synthesis Of 4-Aryl-6-Indolylpyridine-3-Carbonitriles And Evaluation Of Their Antiproliferative Activity" Data Files, Naglaa Salem El-Sayed, Amir Nasrolahi Shirazi, Magda Goda El-Meligy, Ahmed Kamel El-Ziaty, Zenat Adeeb Nagib, Keykavous Parang

Pharmacy Faculty Data Sets

No abstract provided.

Autophagy And Apoptotic Genes Implicated In Alzheimer’S Disease Are Modulated Following Infection Of Neuronal Cells With Chlamydia Pneumoniae, Denah M. Appelt, Ian Kohler, Annette K. Slutter, Juliana Zoga, Susan T. Hingley, Brian J. Balin

Scholarly Posters

Background: The focus of the current studies was to determine the relationship between the molecular mechanisms interconnecting autophagy and apoptosis following Chlamydia pneumoniae infection in neuronal cells. Dysfunctions in apoptosis and autophagy have been implicated in the neurodegeneration associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Autophagy in AD pathogenesis has been shown to play a role in amyloid processing through the endosomal-lysosomal system. Apoptosis may contribute to the neuronal cell loss observed in AD; however, there is limited evidence of the apoptotic process proceeding to terminal completion. Although Aβ1-42 has been shown to induce apoptosis in neurons and may be an early …