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Full-Text Articles in Biological Phenomena, Cell Phenomena, and Immunity

Il-15/Il-15rα Heterodimeric Complex As Cancer Immunotherapy In Murine Breast Cancer Models, Siqi Guo, Ronald B. Smeltz, Anthony Nanajian, Richard Heller Jan 2021

Il-15/Il-15rα Heterodimeric Complex As Cancer Immunotherapy In Murine Breast Cancer Models, Siqi Guo, Ronald B. Smeltz, Anthony Nanajian, Richard Heller

Bioelectrics Publications

Interleukin 15 (IL-15) has been evaluated as a potential treatment for solid tumors in clinical trials, but the effectiveness of systemic IL-15 administration as a monotherapy has not been realized. IL-15 receptor alpha (IL-15Rα) can stabilize IL-15 and enhance its bioactivity. The goal of this study was to examine the activity of IL-15/IL-15Rα complex (IL-15cx) to CD8(+) T cells and evaluate its potential efficacy in murine breast cancer models. The antitumor efficacy was studied in mouse mammary carcinoma models (Her2/neu transgenic and 4T1-luc mammary cancers) treated with systemic recombinant protein with/without the depletion of myeloid-derived suppressor cells or intra-tumoral gene …


Preferential Lineage-Specific Differentiation Of Osteoblast-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Osteoprogenitors, Casey L. Roberts, Silvia S. Chen, Angela C. Murchison, Rebecca A. Ogle, Michael P. Francis, Roy C. Ogle, Patrick C. Sachs Jan 2017

Preferential Lineage-Specific Differentiation Of Osteoblast-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells Into Osteoprogenitors, Casey L. Roberts, Silvia S. Chen, Angela C. Murchison, Rebecca A. Ogle, Michael P. Francis, Roy C. Ogle, Patrick C. Sachs

School of Medical Diagnostics & Translational Sciences Publications

While induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) hold great clinical promise, one hurdle that remains is the existence of a parental germ-layer memory in reprogrammed cells leading to preferential differentiation fates. While it is problematic for generating cells vastly different from the reprogrammed cells' origins, it could be advantageous for the reliable generation of germ-layer specific cell types for future therapeutic use. Here we use human osteoblast-derived iPSCs (hOB-iPSCs) to generate induced osteoprogenitors (iOPs). Osteoblasts were successfully reprogrammed and demonstrated by endogenous upregulation of Oct4, Sox2, Nanog, TRA-1-81, TRA-16-1, SSEA3, and confirmatory hPSC Scorecard Algorithmic Assessment. The hOB-iPSCs formed embryoid bodies …


An Iterative Bézier Method For Fitting Beta-Sheet Component Of A Cryo-Em Density Map, Michael Poteat, Jing He Jan 2017

An Iterative Bézier Method For Fitting Beta-Sheet Component Of A Cryo-Em Density Map, Michael Poteat, Jing He

Computer Science Faculty Publications

Cryo-electron microscopy (Cryo-EM) is a powerful technique to produce 3-dimensional density maps for large molecular complexes. Although many atomic structures have been solved from cryo-EM density maps, it is challenging to derive atomic structures when the resolution of density maps is not sufficiently high. Geometrical shape representation of secondary structural components in a medium-resolution density map enhances modeling of atomic structures. We compare two methods in producing surface representation of the β-sheet component of a density map. Given a 3-dimensional volume of β-sheet that is segmented from a density map, the performance of a polynomial fitting was compared with that …


Reaction-Diffusion Models Of Cancer Dispersion, Kim Yvette Ward Apr 1998

Reaction-Diffusion Models Of Cancer Dispersion, Kim Yvette Ward

Mathematics & Statistics Theses & Dissertations

The phenomenological modeling of the spatial distribution and temporal evolution of one-dimensional models of cancer dispersion are studied. The models discussed pertain primarily to the transition of a tumor from an initial neoplasm to the dormant avascular state, i.e. just prior to the vascular state, whenever that may occur. Initiating the study is the mathematical analysis of a reaction-diffusion model describing the interaction between cancer cells, normal cells and growth inhibitor. The model leads to several predictions, some of which are supported by experimental data and clinical observations $\lbrack25\rbrack$. We will examine the effects of additional terms on these characteristics. …