Biochemical Phenomena, Metabolism, and Nutrition Commons^™

Association Between Circulating Osteocalcin And Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Following A 4-Week Leafy Green Vitamin K-Rich Diet, Alexander Tacey, Marc Sim, Cassandra Smith, Mary N. Woessner, Elizabeth Byrnes, Joshua R. Lewis, Tara Brennan-Speranza, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Itamar Levinger

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Evidence suggests that lower serum undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) may be negatively associated with cardiometabolic health. We investigated whether individuals with a suppression of ucOC following an increase in dietary vitamin K1 exhibit a relative worsening of cardiometabolic risk factors. Materials and

Methods:

Men (n = 20) and women (n = 10) aged 62 ± 10 years participated in a randomized, controlled, crossover study. The primary analysis involved using data obtained from participants following a high vitamin K1 diet (HK; 4-week intervention of increased leafy green vegetable intake). High and low responders were defined based on the median percent reduction …

Diets High In N-3 Fatty Acids Are Associated With Lower Arterial Stiffness In Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Latent Profile Analysis, Richard J. Woodman, Leena R. Baghdadi, E Michael Shanahan, Inushi De Silva, Jonathan M. Hodgson, Arduino A. Mangoni

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Supplementation with n-3 fatty acids can influence inflammation and markers of arterial stiffness that are increased in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, it is unknown whether specific patterns of dietary fatty acid intake are similarly associated. In a longitudinal study, eighty-six RA patients reported their dietary intake and had arterial stiffness measured using the augmentation index (AIx) at baseline and 8 months. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was performed to characterise patterns of fatty acid intake using sixteen major fatty acids. Models for two to six profiles were compared using the Akaike and Bayesian information criteria. Associations between AIx and …

Early Diagnosis And Nutritional Treatment Stabilizes Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Ian James Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

The reliable diagnostic identification of neuropsychiatric disorders such as schizophrenia, bipolar disease, and depression has been associated with some biological markers (genomics, proteomics, metabolomics) but to date, these markers do not have the sensitivity/specificity of a diagnostic test. Biomarker tests that are relevant to global chronic disease are now applicable to neuropsychiatric diseases to prevent autoimmune disease, endoplasmic reticulum stress associated mitophagy with relevance to neuron apoptosis. Metabolic abnormalities has been linked to neuropsychiatric disorder with the careful nutritional assessment of patients reported in many published studies. Early interventions with genomic medicine now assist in the prevention of autoimmune disease …

Appetite Control With Relevance To Mitochondrial Biogenesis And Activation Of Post-Prandial Lipid Metabolism In Obesity Linked Diabetes, Ian J. Martins

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

In various communities in the developing and developed world the understanding of the ingestion of a healthy diet [1] and hepatic fat metabolism has become of critical importance to the treatment of obesity linked Type 2 diabetes that is now linked to various organ diseases [2]. In the developing world transition to healthy diets has become urgent to prevent insulin resistance [3,4] and the obesity pandemic [5-8]. The liver is the major organ for the metabolism of dietary fat and after consumption of a meal in healthy individuals the fat is rapidly metabolized by the liver. In obesity linked Type …

Profiling Igg N-Glycans As Potential Biomarker Of Chronological And Biological Ages: A Community-Based Study In A Han Chinese Population, Xinwei Yu, Youix Wang, Jasminka Krištić, Jing Dong, Xi Chu, Siqi Ge, Hao Wang, Honghong Fang, Qing Gao, Di Lui, Zhongya Zhao, Hongli Peng, Maja P. Baković, Lijuan Wu, Manshu Song, Igor Rudan, Harry Campbell, Gordan Lauc, Wei Wang

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

As an important post-translation modifying process, glycosylation significantly affects the structure and function of immunoglobulin G (IgG) molecules and is essential in many steps of the inflammatory cascade. Studies have demonstrated the potential of using glycosylation features of IgG as a component of predictive biomarkers for chronological age in several European populations, whereas no study has been reported in Chinese. Herein, we report various patterns of changes in IgG glycosylation associated with age by analyzing IgG glycosylation in 701 community-based Han Chinese (244 males, 457 females; 23-68 years old). Eleven IgG glycans, including FA2B, A2G1, FA2[6]G1, FA2[3]G1, FA2[6]BG1, FA2[3]BG1, A2G2, …

Butyrylated Starch Intake Can Prevent Red Meat-Induced O6-Methyl-2-Deoxyguanosine Adducts In Human Rectal Tissue: A Randomised Clinical Trial, Richard K. Le Leu, Jean M. Winter, Claus T. Christophersen, Graeme P. Young, Karen J. Humphreys, Ying Hu, Silvia W. Gratz, Rosalind B. Miller, David L. Topping, Anthony R. Bird, Michael A. Conlon

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Epidemiological studies have identified increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk with high red meat (HRM) intakes, whereas dietary fibre intake appears to be protective. In the present study, we examined whether a HRM diet increased rectal O⁶-methyl-2-deoxyguanosine (O⁶MeG) adduct levels in healthy human subjects, and whether butyrylated high-amylose maize starch (HAMSB) was protective. A group of twenty-three individuals consumed 300 g/d of cooked red meat without (HRM diet) or with 40 g/d of HAMSB (HRM+HAMSB diet) over 4-week periods separated by a 4-week washout in a randomised cross-over design. Stool and rectal biopsy samples were collected for …