Baseline Bmi, Gender, & Age As Predictive Factors For Intragastric Balloon Weight Loss Outcomes, Nirali Shah, Miranda A. Myers-Burton

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: To determine whether obese and morbidly obese patients aged 18-75 with a lower baseline BMI (BMI 30-39.9 kg/m2) who received an intragastric balloon (IGB), have a higher percentage of total body weight loss (%TBWL) and percentage of excess weight loss (%EWL) compared to those with a higher baseline BMI (BMI > 40 kg/m2). Secondary objective was to ascertain whether gender and age are also predictors of weight loss outcomes following an IGB procedure.

Design: Systematic literature review

Methods: Literature searches of PubMed and SpringerLink were conducted using the search terms: “intragastric balloon, weight loss, and “BMI” and then limited to …

Breakthroughs In Hormonal Male Contraception, Alexander Patton, Seth Vann

Physician Assistant Capstones, 2020-current

Objective: Assess the efficacy of a nestorone plus testosterone gel at suppressing progestin levels and spermatogenesis.

Design: Systematic literature review.

Methods: Searches were done in PubMed and Dartmouth library using the terms nestorone, randomized control trial, human, and male. Limits used while searching included published in the last 10 years, randomized control trials, and English.

Results: Using the search criteria the following three studies were found that met the inclusion/exclusion criteria of this study: Ilani et al, Zitzmann et al, and Anawalt et al. All three studies were found on PubMed and reference the Ilani et al study.

Conclusion: Nestorone …

Evaluation Of Stratified Antibiograms For Use In Laboratory And Antimicrobial Stewardship, Linsey Donner

Theses & Dissertations

Antibiograms are critical for choosing empiric antimicrobial therapy. Cumulative antibiograms, which aggregate susceptibility data, can mask differences within specific patient subsets or clinical syndromes. This dissertation was done to determine if antibiotic susceptibilities showed substantial differences when comparing stratified antibiograms to cumulative antibiograms.

Antibiotic susceptibility data was retrospectively obtained from Nebraska Medicine January 1, 2017 – December 31, 2019 for Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Enterococcus faecalis. The University of Nebraska Medical Center’s web antibiogram clinical decision support tool was used to export the data. Bacteria-antibiotic susceptibility rates of stratified antibiograms …

Steroid Receptor-Coregulator Transcriptional Complexes: New Insights From Cryoem, Ping Yi, Xinzhe Yu, Zhao Wang, Bert W O'Malley

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Steroid receptors activate gene transcription through recruitment of a number of coregulators to facilitate histone modification, chromatin remodeling, and general transcription machinery stabilization. Understanding the structures of full-length steroid receptor and coregulatory complexes has been difficult due to their large molecular sizes and dynamic structural conformations. Recent developments in cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) technology and proteomics have advanced the structural studies of steroid receptor complexes. Here, we will review the insights we learned from cryoEM studies of the estrogen and androgen receptor transcriptional complexes. Despite similar domain organizations, the two receptors have different coregulator interaction modes. The cryoEM structures now have …

Engineering Advanced Micro And Nanofiber Materials For Biomedical Applications, Alec D. Mccarthy

Theses & Dissertations

At the functional crossroads of engineering and biomedical sciences lies the interdisciplinary field of biomedical engineering. Principles of biomedical engineering are vast, and the rigorous application of engineering towards clinically-relevant medicine has the ability to take novel concepts from bench to bedside. Arguably one of the most promising and productive sub-fields within the biomedical engineering discipline is biomaterial engineering. Here, novel biomaterials, synthesized from natural, synthetic, or hybrid materials, can be used in tissue repair and regeneration, hemostasis, as anatomical support and drug delivery vessels, or as diagnostic devices.

Of particular interest are applications of nanofiber and microfiber objects, which …

Design And Development Of A Mobile Health (Mhealth) Platform For Dementia Prevention In The Prevention Of Dementia By Mobile Phone Applications (Prodemos) Project, Melanie Hafdi, Esmé Eggink, Marieke P. Hoevenaar-Blom, M. Patrick Witvliet, Sandrine Andrieu, Linda Barnes, Carol Brayne, Rachael Brooks, Nicola Coley, Jean Georges, Abraham Van Der Groep, Harm Van Marwijk, Mark Van Der Meijden, Libin Song, Manshu Song, Youxin Wang, Wenzhi Wang, Wei Wang, Anders Wimo, Xiaoyan Ye, Eric P. Moll Van Charante, Edo Richard, Prodemos Consortium

Research outputs 2014 to 2021

Background:

Mobile health (mHealth) has the potential to bring preventive healthcare within reach of populations with limited access to preventive services, by delivering personalized support at low cost. Although numerous mHealth interventions are available, very few have been developed following an evidence-based rationale or have been tested for efficacy. This article describes the systematic development of a coach-supported mHealth application to improve healthy lifestyles for the prevention of dementia and cardiovascular disease in the United Kingdom (UK) and China.

Methods:

Development of the Prevention of Dementia by Mobile Phone applications (PRODEMOS) platform built upon the experiences with the Healthy Aging …

Attenuating Effect Of Vitamin E Against Silver Nano Particles Toxicity In Submandibular Salivary Glands, Mahmoud Bakr, Mahmoud Al Ankily, Sara M. Shogaa, Mohamed Shamel

Dentistry

Open AccessArticle

Attenuating Effect of Vitamin E against Silver Nano Particles Toxicity in Submandibular Salivary Glands

Mapping Neural Responses Onto Innate And Acquired Behavior: From Insect Olfaction To Realizing A Bio-Hybrid Chemical Recognition System, Rishabh Chandak

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

In many organisms, the sense of smell, driven by the olfactory system, serves as the primary sensory modality that guides a plethora of behaviors such as foraging for food, finding mates, and evading predators. Using an array of biological sensors, the olfactory system converts volatile chemical inputs from an organism’s environment into well-patterned neural responses that inform downstream motor neurons to drive appropriate behaviors (e.g., moving towards food or away from danger). For many external cues, the elicited neural responses are often determined by the genetic makeup of the organism, which assigns an innate preference, or valence, for these different …

Measuring Science Teachers' Emotional Experiences With Evolution Using Real World Scenarios, William Lee Romine, Rutuja Mahajan, Amber Todd

Biological Sciences Faculty Publications

Low acceptance of evolution remains an obstacle to quality biology instruction. We develop and utilize a novel assessment which measures emotional experience in light of real-world evolution education scenarios. We presented 296 science teachers 4 pro-evolution and 8 anti-evolution scenarios and asked them to rate their levels of joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust, shame, and guilt elicited by that scenario on an ordinal 5-point scale. We used exploratory factor analysis to extract the most important dimensions in the teachers’ responses, Rasch analysis to explore the validity of the extracted subscales, and stepwise regression to find the most important factors driving …

An Investigation Of Sensory Percepts Elicited By Macro-Sieve Electrode Stimulation Of The Rat Sciatic Nerve, Nikhil Shiva Chandra

McKelvey School of Engineering Graduate Student Theses & Dissertations

Intuitive control of conventional prostheses is hampered by their inability to replicate the rich tactile and proprioceptive feedback afforded by natural sensory pathways. Electrical stimulation of residual nerve tissue is a promising means of reintroducing sensory feedback to the central nervous system. The macro-sieve electrode (MSE) is a candidate interface to amputees’ truncated peripheral nerves whose unique geometry enables selective control of the complete nerve cross-section. Unlike previously studied interfaces, the MSE’s implantation entails transection and subsequent regeneration of the target nerve. Therefore, a key determinant of the MSE’s suitability for this task is whether it can elicit sensations at …

Deep Convolutional Neural Networks For Accurate Diagnosis Of Covid-19 Patients Using Chest X-Ray Image Databases From Italy, Canada, And The Usa, Amgad A. Salama, Samy H. Darwish, Samir M. Abdel-Mageed, Radwa A. Meshref, Ehab I. Mohamed

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), famously known as COVID-19, has quickly become a global pandemic. Chest X-ray (CXR) imaging has proven reliable, fast, and cost-effective for identifying COVID-19 infections, which proceeds to display atypical unilateral patchy infiltration in the lungs like typical pneumonia. We employed the deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) ResNet-34 to detect and classify CXR images from patients with COVID-19 and Viral Pneumonia and Normal Controls.

Methods: We created a single database containing 781 source CXR images from four different international sub-databases: the Società Italiana di Radiologia Medica e Interventistica (SIRM), the GitHub Database, the …

The Five Ds Of Outpatient Antibiotic Stewardship For Urinary Tract Infections, Melanie C Goebel, Barbara W Trautner, Larissa Grigoryan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Urinary tract infections (UTI) are one of the most common indications for antibiotic prescriptions in the outpatient setting. Given rising rates of antibiotic resistance among uropathogens, antibiotic stewardship is critically needed to improve outpatient antibiotic use, including in outpatient clinics (primary care and specialty clinics) and emergency departments. Outpatient clinics are in general a neglected practice area in antibiotic stewardship programs, yet most antibiotic use in the United States is in the outpatient setting. This article provides a comprehensive review of antibiotic stewardship strategies for outpatient UTI in the adult population, with a focus on the "five Ds" of stewardship …

Defining The Transcriptional Control Of Pediatric Aml Highlights Rara As A Superenhancer-Regulated Druggable Dependency, Monika W Perez, Oscar Sias-Garcia, Alfred Daramola, Helen Wei, Maci Terrell, Raushan Rashid, Woojun D Park, Kevin Duong, Terzah M Horton, Feng Li, Nikitha Cherayil, Jost Vrabic Koren, Vincent U Gant, Jacob J Junco, Choladda V Curry, Alexandra M Stevens, Charles Y Lin, Joanna S Yi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Somatic mutations are rare in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (pAML), indicating that alternate strategies are needed to identify targetable dependencies. We performed the first enhancer mapping of pAML in 22 patient samples. Generally, pAML samples were distinct from adult AML samples, and MLL (KMT2A)-rearranged samples were also distinct from non-KMT2A-rearranged samples. Focusing specifically on superenhancers (SEs), we identified SEs associated with many known leukemia regulators. The retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) gene was differentially regulated in our cohort, and a RARA-associated SE was detected in 64% of the study cohort across all cytogenetic and molecular subtypes tested. RARA SE+ pAML …

Time-Resolved Cryo-Em Visualizes Ribosomal Translocation With Ef-G And Gtp, Christine E Carbone, Anna B Loveland, Howard Gamper, Ya-Ming Hou, Gabriel Demo, Andrei A Korostelev

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Faculty Papers

During translation, a conserved GTPase elongation factor-EF-G in bacteria or eEF2 in eukaryotes-translocates tRNA and mRNA through the ribosome. EF-G has been proposed to act as a flexible motor that propels tRNA and mRNA movement, as a rigid pawl that biases unidirectional translocation resulting from ribosome rearrangements, or by various combinations of motor- and pawl-like mechanisms. Using time-resolved cryo-EM, we visualized GTP-catalyzed translocation without inhibitors, capturing elusive structures of ribosome•EF-G intermediates at near-atomic resolution. Prior to translocation, EF-G binds near peptidyl-tRNA, while the rotated 30S subunit stabilizes the EF-G GTPase center. Reverse 30S rotation releases Pi and translocates peptidyl-tRNA and …

Information And Attitudes Of Women Doctors Towards Ict And Digital Resources, Rajeswari A, Arockiasamy K, Samundeswari R, Sivankalai S

Library Philosophy and Practice (e-journal)

Using information and communication technology (ICT) means communicating, creating, distributing and managing data. There is no sector of society that does not benefit from the use of information and communication technology. Covid-19 epidemic necessitates the repurposing of ICT systems intended for other distributed purposes to retain social connections, deliver distributed services, and fulfil corporate needs. Next to the IT field, the paradigm shift takes place in the medical field. During the pandemic situation, the usage of ICT tremendously increased in all departments of the medical field. In this situation, the research analyses women doctors' attitudes towards ICT and digital resources …

Challenges And Solutions For Cochlear Implant Rehabilitation During Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic, Ahmed Mostafa, Iman Elrouby, Mohamed F. Alsoda

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective The current study was intended to detect the challenges facing cochlear implantation (CI) and rehabilitation during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and to investigate the influence of the application of the required hygiene measures on the success of CI rehabilitation during coronavirus situations. Patients and methods The present research included 151 patients had CI in the Hearing and Speech Institute in the year of 2020. A total of 116 cases (22 adults and 94 children) have been implanted from August 2020 to December 2020. Of the 94 children (45 males and 49 females), 26 neonates with significant sensorineural hearing loss …

Vitamin D And Vitamin D-Binding Protein In Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus, Eman R. Amer, Gehan F. Oreby, Sahar H. Quashwa

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and aim Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is an autoimmune disease caused by destruction of pancreatic islet βcells, leading to absolute insulin deficiency. The D vitamins are a group of sterols that have a hormone-like function, which bind to vitamin D receptor. Vitamin D (25(OH) D) deficiency is involved in the induction of autoimmune destruction of β-cells and onset of T1DM. The majority of circulating 25(OH) D is bound to vitamin D-binding protein (VDBP), which protects it from biodegradation, limits its access to target tissues, and helps its reabsorption from the kidneys. VDBP also binds fatty acids, activates macrophages, …

The Effect Of Reciprocal Electrical Stimulation On Handgrip And Pinch Grip Strength In Spastic Hemiplegic Cerebral Palsy Child, Abeer El Sayed Hamed, Shymaa Mahmoud Matty, Taher Salah El-Din Taha

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background In hemiplegic spastic cerebral palsy (CP) patients, the affected hand can present with a combination of spasticity, weakness, and dystonia. Electrical stimulation is a part of a physical therapy program that is used for improving hand function, and one of the methods of electrical stimulation is reciprocal electrical stimulation (RES). RES mimics the neuromuscular-stimulation procedure for alternate activation of agonist and antagonist muscle groups. Also, RES has been reported to decrease the cortical excitability of the spastic muscle and to improve neural drive through stimulation of sensory receptors and sensory neurons of agonist and antagonist muscles. Our study aims …

Efficacy Of Moderate Exercise Training On Heart Rate Variability And Left Ventricular Remodeling After Myocardial Infarction, Mai H. Hassan, Mohamad El Bordy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background After myocardial infarction (MI), elevated sympathetic activity and/or reduced parasympathetic activity are observed. As a result, these patients have a decreased heart rate variability (HRV), which has been linked to an elevated risk of adverse effects and death. Following MI, the remodeling of the left ventricle (LV) is a complex and multifactorial mechanism, with therapeutic and prognostic consequences. Medications that reduced LV improved survival and standard of living. Aim We aimed to evaluate the effect of continuous exercise remodeling training on HRV, function capacity [6-min walk test (6MWT)], and LV remodeling in patients who had experienced MI. Patients and …

Prognostic Effect Of Glycated Hemoglobin In Acute Myocardial Infarction, Mohamad El Bordy, Nadia Youssef Riad

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Impaired glucose tolerance and even prediabetic states have a crucial role as risk factors among several different risk factors in acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Some recent studies have shown that poor diabetes management, diagnosed by glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C), has poor prognostic value regarding future cardiovascular events, whereas other studies recommend that it is the blood glucose level at admission that predicts short-term mortality after AMI and not the HbA1C level. Aim The target of this research is to detect the correlation between the level of HbA1C and risk factors in the patients with AMI and its value regarding the …

Predictors Of Mortality Among Egyptian Hemodialysis Patients With Coronavirus Disease 2019: A Multicenter Retrospective Cohort, Amany A. Salem, Enass E. El-Sayed, Hala M. Abd-Elmaguid, K Allayeh Abdou, Mona Abd Elmotaleb A. Hussein, Muhammed M. Abdul-Ghaffar, Omnia S. Ali, Sheren M. Omar, Wael M. Essa

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background With a diagnostic problem, the emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 caused a devastating global consequence. We were identifying severity/mortality risk variables that assist in determining the need for early admission. As a result, we sought to establish for the first time the clinical, biochemical, and radiological characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Egyptian hemodialysis patients and to identify the risk factors for mortality. Patients and methods In this observational multicenter retrospective cohort study in Egypt, the data of 377 confirmed COVID-19 patients on regular hemodialysis were collected from hospitals affiliated to the general organization of teaching …

Lower-Limb Resistive Versus Aerobic Training Impact On Quality Of Life In Post-Covid-19 Patients, Asmaa M. Mohamed, Elsaeed E. Shaaban, Esraa A. Mohamed, Zahra M. H. Serry

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective To determine the effect of lower-limb resistive versus aerobic training impact on quality of life (QOL) in post-COVID-19 patients. Participants and methods Sixty young volunteer patients participated in this study and randomly divided into two equal groups: group A that received an aerobic exercise program three times per week, group B, which received lower-body-resistance exercises. Both groups were evaluated before and after therapy (6 weeks) through measuring resting heart rate (RHR), peak heart rate (PHR), neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, one-repetition maximum (1-RM) of selected muscle groups, and QOL assessment using the Short-Form (SF-12) Health Survey Questionnaire. Results The results revealed a …

Assessment Of Auditory Dysfunction As An Extra-Articular Manifestation In Rheumatoid Arthritis Using Brainstem Auditory-Evoked Potential, Abeer H. Ismaiel, Ahmad M. A. Gawad, Amany F. Hakim, Soha S. Shaaban

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objectives The paper aims to study brainstem auditory-evoked potential parameter changes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients, and their relation to the duration of illness, degree of disease activity, functional stage of the disease, and intensity of pain. Materials and methods Control (group 1) comprised 25 healthy female patients of age 50–60 years, while the study group (group 2) comprised 25 female patients with RA of more than 5 years. Proven cases of RA (according to american college of rheumatology (ACR) 2010 criteria) underwent brainstem auditory-evoked potentials. The recording was carried out by using RMS EMG EPMK2. In the RA group, …

Posterior Tympanotomy Versus Posterior Atticotomy In Creating Well-Ventilated Middle Ear Cleft Pros And Cons, Essam F. Abdelfattah, Wael A. Alzami

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Cortical mastoidectomy is considered a cornerstone step in the surgical management of noncholesteatomatous chronic suppurative otitis media. It comprises the canal wall-up technique, preserving the posterior and superior bony canal walls. The goal of cortical mastoidectomy is mainly to ventilate the middle ear cleft besides eradication of diseased mastoid air cells. The ventilation of the middle ear cleft has no way except through the aditus ad antrum and patent epitympanic diaphragm besides well-functioning Eustachian tube. This way of ventilation is usually affected in chronic infected ears by edematous and polypoid mucosa, leading to its obstruction. Traditional practice used to …

Prediction Of Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury Using Cleveland And Mehta Scores, Maged M. A. Kisho

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Objective To detect the clinical accuracy of two models for the prediction of cardiac surgery-associated acute kidney injury (AKI) and severe AKI that need renal replacement therapy according to Cleveland and Mehta scores and using Kidney Disease Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) definitions for AKI. Patients and methods In total, 742 patients who underwent cardiac surgery in the Department of Cardiac Surgery NHI of Egypt, between January 2016 and December 2018, were enrolled in this research. We evaluate the prediction for cardiac surgery-associated AKI using Cleveland and Mehta scores. We also evaluate the effect of hemofiltration during cardiopulmonary bypass as a …

Predictors Of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction After Primary Percutaneous Coronary Intervention For Patients With Left Anterior Descending Artery Occlusion, Ahmed Galal A Fattah Fahmy, Mohamed E. L Bordy

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Depressed left ventricular (LV) systolic function after acute coronary syndrome is the most important predictor affecting morbidity and mortality. The primary objective of reperfusion therapy is to restore epicardial flow and to reperfuse the myocardial tissue. However, not all the patients show improvement, and a group of patients may experience depression in heart function. Aim To determine the factors affecting impairment of LV function assessed by echocardiography following successful primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in patients with acute coronary syndrome involving the left anterior descending (LAD) artery. Patients and methods A total of 50 patients were included in this …

Metabolic Syndrome And Asthma, Therese S. Ghatas

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Introduction Bronchial asthma is one of the chronic diseases that most commonly present worldwide. Asthma is still a poorly controlled disease despite the availability and intake of medications in a large percentage of asthmatic patients. Research studies are indicated to identify the effect of metabolic syndrome on the occurrence of asthma and its severity and also to clear the underlying important mechanisms. Patients and methods This cross-section study was carried out on 108 patients with asthma. Asthma was diagnosed and classify according to Global Initiative for Asthma guideline. All asthmatic patients were tested for the criteria of metabolic syndrome. Aim …

Health-Related Quality Of Life In Children And Adolescents With Chronic Kidney Diseases At Sohag, Egypt: A Case–Control Study, Ahmed M. Hegab, Eman Abdel-Baset Mohamed, Fouad M. A. Yousef, Rasha Gamal-El-Din Abu-El-Goud

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background and objectives Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) have multiple complications that could impair the quality of life in the affected children and their families. This study aimed to assess the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and detect factors affecting it in children with CKD and their families at Sohag, Egypt. Patients and methods The study included 113 children and adolescents with CKD stages 1–5, aged 2–18 years old, attending the pediatric nephrology outpatient clinic and the pediatric dialysis unit at Sohag University Hospital. Two hundred twenty-six children were in the control-group age and sex matched to cases with urinary-system condition …

The Effect Of Cervical Spondylosis On Diaphragmatic Thickness And Excursion In Nonsmoking Adults, Akram A. Elaziz, Bishoy G. Khalil, Saif Mehmed, Tamer A. El-Kassas

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background Cervical spondylosis is defined as a series of signs and symptoms that result in anatomical and physiological changes in the vertebral column that may impair phrenic nerve function by compressing the C3/C5 that affect diaphragmatic movements. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of cervical spondylosis on diaphragmatic thickness and excursion in nonsmoking adults by using ultrasonographic evaluation of the diaphragm. Eighty-four nonsmoking volunteers participated in this study and were divided into two equal groups: group A, patients with cervical spondylosis and group B, healthy volunteers with a normal cervical spine. Both groups were evaluated …

Effectiveness Of Ultrasound-Guided Platelets Rich Plasma Injection In Knee Osteoarthritic Cases, Abeer N. A. Aziz, Gamal S.E E. Khalifa, Hesham Alshabrawy, Lamis Safwat

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Backgroud Knee osteoarthritis is the most common articular disease. Different methods are used to alleviate the symptoms of patients with knee osteoarthritis, including analgesics, physical therapy, exercise prescription, and intra-articular injections (glucocorticoids, hyaluronic acid). New studies have focused on modern therapeutic methods that stimulate the cartilage healing process and improve the damage, including the use of platelet-rich plasma as a complex growth factor. Aim of the work To evaluate the effectiveness of intra articular PRP in mild to moderate degree knee osteoarthritis. Objectives To slow the rate of progression of knee Osteoarthritis by injection of PRP intraarticular. Decrease pain and …