Medical Sciences Commons^™

Response Of Dark-Adapted Retinal Rod Photoreceptors, H. Khanal, V. Alexiades, E. Dibenedetto

Publications

The process of phototransduction, whereby light is converted into an electrical response, in rod and cone photoreceptors in the retina, involves as a key setp, the diffusion of the cytoplasmic, signaling molecules cGMP (cyclic guanosime monophosphate) and Ca²+ diffuse in the cytoplasm (the fluid surrounding the discs). the complex geometry of the rod creates computational difficulties. We present spatio-temporal compuational models for interacctions and diffusion of cGMP and Ca²+ in the cytoplasm of vertebrate rod photoreceptors, as well as numerical simulations fo the response to light of dark-adapted Salamander rods.

Editorial Message

Neurosciences

The Editors would like to thank the outgoing Editorial Board members who have now finished their term (Siema Bakheet, Saeed Bohlega and Abdelkarim Al-Qudah) and would also like to welcome Talat Al-Wazna, Yousef Comair and Hussein Malibary to the Advisory Board and Ibrahim Al-Orainy, Mahr Al-Jadid, Jun Kimura and Imad Najm to the Editorial Board. Our thanks also goes to the reviewers who have participated in the excellent review of manuscripts and books for the year 2003.

Hepatic Disposition Of Cyclosporine A In Isolated Perfused Rat Livers, Reza Mehvar, Anjaneya Chimalakonda

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

PURPOSE. To develop an isolated perfused rat liver model to study the hepatic disposition of cyclosporine A (CyA) in both sexes.

METHODS. Livers were isolated from male (n = 6) and female (n = 7) rats and perfused with a physiological buffer in a single-pass manner. A bolus 1-mg dose of CyA was injected into the inlet catheter and periodical samples (0-15 min) were collected from the outlet perfusate. The concentrations of CyA in the outlet perfusate, collected bile (0-15 min), and liver tissue (at the end of perfusion) were quantitated by HPLC and subjected to statistical moment analysis. …

Nuovi Approcci Terapeutici Contro Il Cancro Del Colon, Giovanni Mario Pitari

Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics Faculty Papers

This presentation was given in Augusta (Siracusa, Italy) for the 2004 Paul Harris Fellow Award, Rotary Foundation of Rotary International. The lecture discusses the clinical significance of the GC-C pathway and its potential as a therapeutic target for colon cancer and metastatic tumors. It underscores the importance of the dysregulation of the GC-C pathway in promoting colorectal tumorigenesis and of dietary calcium in the GC-C-mediated chemoprevention.

Questa e’ la presentazione per il Premio 2004 Paul Harris Fellow del Rotary International (Augusta, Siracusa, Italia). La dissertazione illustra l’importante significato clinico della via moleculare regulata da GC-C e dai suoi ligandi (guanilina, …

Analysis Of Expression Patterns Of Scl And Pax7 In The Mouse Brain For Potential Concomitant Function Within The Mesencephalon, Julie Stampalia

Theses : Honours

Investigation of the cascade of events that leads to brain formation during embryogenesis allows an understanding of the processes involved that may well be applicable to future neurodegenerative therapies. Two genes at work during embryonic neurogenesis in a brain region called the superior colliculus are Scl, a member of the basic helix-loop-helix factor transcription factor family and Pax7, a paired box transcription factor containing a homeobox dornain. The superior coiliculus forms part of the visual system in mammals and in sepmate studies both the Scl and Pax7 genes have been shown to be present in this region of the mouse …

Cd40-Associated Traf 6 Signaling Is Required For Disease Induction In A Retrovirus-Induced Murine Immunodeficiency, Kathy A. Green, Cory L. Ahonen, W. James Cook, William R. Green

Dartmouth Scholarship

LP-BM5 retrovirus-infected C57BL/6 mice develop splenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, hypergammaglobulinemia, and immunodeficiency; thus, this disease has been named mouse AIDS. In this syndrome, CD154/CD40 interactions are required for but do not mediate disease by upregulation of CD80 or CD86. We report here that there is nonetheless a necessity for CD40 signaling competence, specifically an intact tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF 6) binding site.

Inactivation Of A Bacterial Virulence Pheromone By Phagocyte-Derived Oxidants: New Role For The Nadph Oxidase In Host Defense, Jacob M. Rothfork, Graham S. Timmins, Michael N. Harris, Xian Chen, Aldons J. Lusis, Michael Otto, Ambrose L. Cheung, Hattie D. Gresham

Dartmouth Scholarship

Quorum sensing triggers virulence factor expression in medically important bacterial pathogens in response to a density-dependent increase in one or more autoinducing pheromones. Here, we show that phagocyte-derived oxidants target these autoinducers for inactivation as an innate defense mechanism of the host. In a skin infection model, expression of phagocyte NADPH oxidase, myeloperoxidase, or inducible nitric oxide synthase was critical for defense against a quorum-sensing pathogen, Staphylococcus aureus, but not for defense against a quorum sensing-deficient mutant. A virulence-inducing peptide of S. aureus was inactivated in vitro and in vivo by reactive oxygen and nitrogen intermediates, including HOCl and ONOO(-). …

The Pharmacokinetics Of Nebulized Nanocrystal Budesonide Suspension In Healthy Volunteers., Walter Kraft, Barry Steiger, Don Beussink, John N. Quiring, Nancy Fitzgerald, Howard E. Greenberg, Scott A. Waldman

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

Nanocrystal budesonide (nanobudesonide) is a suspension for nebulization in patients with steroid-responsive pulmonary diseases such as asthma. The pharmacokinetics and safety of the product were compared to those of Pulmicort Respules. Sixteen healthy volunteers were administered nanobudesonide 0.5 and 1.0 mg, Pulmicort Respules 0.5 mg, and placebo in a four-way, randomized crossover design. All nebulized formulations were well tolerated, with no evidence of bronchospasm. Nebulization times were significantly shorter for nanobudesonide compared to Pulmicort Respules. Because of a low oral bioavailability, plasma concentration of budesonide is a good marker of lung-delivered dose. The pharmacokinetics of nanobudesonide 0.5 and 1.0 mg …

The Effect Of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy (Hbo) When Used Postoperatively In Skin Grafting Over Radiated Tissue In The Rat, Burçak Tümerdem, Ufuk Emekli̇, Burcu Çelet Özden, Şami̇l Aktaş, Mi̇sten Demi̇ryont, Gönül Kemi̇kler

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Under conditions that may risk the success of flap surgery, free skin grafting may be an option for the reconstruction of the irradiated area. Clinical observations reveal that skin grafts applied to irradiated area undergo ulceration, resulting in chronic open wounds. The role of hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) in problem wounds is to increase the tissue oxygen tension to optimize fibroblast proliferation and collagen synthesis, to enhance the oxidative killing capacity of the white blood cells and to stimulate angiogenesis. HBO has also been shown to stimulate angiogenesis in radiation-damaged tissue. In view of this data, an animal model is …

Atypical Microtia Correction With Multiple Z-Plasties, Safvet Örs, Gali̇p K. Günay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

RS^1, Galip K. GÜNAY^2 ^1Department of Plastic Surgery, Güneş Hospital, Kayseri - Turkey ^2Department of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri - Turkey

Evaluation Of Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields On Bone Healing After Implant Placement In The Rabbit Mandibular Model, Jüli̇de Özen, Arzu Atay, Selçuk Oruç, Mehmet Dalkiz, Bedri̇ Beydemi̇r, Sali̇h Develi̇

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Although bone healing around titanium implants has already been evaluated, the effect of pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMF) during the period of bone maturation around titanium dental implants has not yet been investigated. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of PEMFs on bone formation following the insertion of titanium-dental implants in the rabbit mandibular model. Ti-6Al-4V (Sulzer Calcitek, California, USA) dental implants were inserted into the mandibulae of 28 New Zealand rabbits (6 weeks old). Fourteen were stimulated with PEMFs for 2 consecutive weeks, 4 h/day, at a magnetic intensity of 0.2 milli Tesla (mT), while the …

What Is New In Wound Healing?, Senthil Kumar, Peng Foo Wong, David John Leaper

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Wound biology is complex. Wounds which were until recently seen only as defects in tissues are now increasingly interpreted in cellular and molecular terms. Growth factors, cytokines, proteases and adhesion molecules which participate in wound healing are discussed in this article. From a clinical perspective, conceptual shifts of importance, including moist wound healing, wound bed preparation and wound assessment, are presented. The frontiers of therapeutics employed in wound healing continue to advance with an increasing array of modalities joining the ranks at a regular pace. A range of currently available as well as evolving therapies- physical (topical negative pressure therapy, …

Mesenchymal Chondrosarcoma Of The Mandible, Nusret Akpolat, Üzeyi̇r Gök

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

KPOLAT^1, Üzeyir GÖK^2 ^1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ - Turkey ^1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Fırat University, Elazığ - Turkey

Systemic Responses To Burn Injury, Bariş Çakir, Berrak C. Yeğen

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

The major causes of death in burn patients include multiple organ failure and infection. It is important for the clinician to understand the pathophysiology of burn injury and the effects it will have on the pharmacokinetics of a drug. The local and systemic inflammatory response to thermal injury is extremely complex, resulting in both local burn tissue damage and deleterious systemic effects on all other organ systems distant from the burn area itself. Thermal injury initiates systemic inflammatory reactions producing burn toxins and oxygen radicals and finally leads to peroxidation. The relationship between the amount of products of oxidative metabolism …

Sister Chromatid Exchange Frequency In Lymphocytes Cultured From Cotton Gin Workers, Münevver Atmaca, Hüseyi̇n Bağci, İbrahi̇m Açikbaş, Di̇li̇han Gümüş, Füsun Düzcan

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Genetic biomonitoring of human populations exposed to potential mutagens/carcinogens can be performed using different genetic markers. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE) is one of the most extensively used markers of the early biological effects of DNA damaging agents. In order to assess the genotoxicity associated with exposure to cotton dust, we determined SCE frequency in peripheral blood lymphocytes cultured from 20 cotton gin workers and 20 controls. Student’s-t test indicated an increased frequency of SCE in lymphocytes of the workers (14.66 ± 4.18) compared to the controls (10.40 ± 1.37) (P < 0.0001). The Mann-Whitney U test indicated that the duration of exposure to cotton dust (10 years) and the work area were not related to the frequency of SCE (P > 0.05). The textile industry is rapidly expanding in Turkey, and …

Prevalence Of Listeria Species In Ice Creams Sold In The Cities Of Kahramanmaraş And Adana, Deni̇z Akman, Ni̇zami̇ Duran, Meti̇n Diğrak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

In this study, the prevalence of Listeria spp. was investigated in the ice cream samples collected from the downtown stores of Kahramanmaras (28 samples) and Adana (30 samples). A total of 58 ice cream samples were analysed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) two-stage enrichment techniques. Growth of Listeria spp. was determined in 14 (24.1%) of the samples collected from Kahramanmaras and 10 (17.2%) samples from Adana. The results of the biochemical tests revealed that the bacterial growth in the samples from Kahramanmaras was Listeria grayi whereas 8 (13.8%) samples of Adana were Listeria grayi, the other two samples …

The Evaluation Of The Stomatognathic System Of A Group With Anterior Openbite, Semra Ci̇ğer, Eli̇f İdi̇l Keser

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Anterior openbite (AOB) is a malocclusion considered to be associated with symptoms and signs of temporomandibular disorders (TMD). An accurate, objective and repeatable method is needed in order to clarify the relationship between TMD and anterior openbite. The aim of this study is to examine the functions of the stomatognathic systems of 21 adolescents with AOB by means of electrovibratography (EVG), electrognathography (EMG), electroganthography (EGN), and transcranial and cephalometric radiographs. Nonconcentricity and mild asymmetry of the condyle fossa relationships were observed on transcranial radiographs. EMG results showed that 85% of the subjects had abnormal swallowing patterns and 52% had abnormal …

The Effects Of Melatonin On 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase: An In Vitro And In Vivo Study, İlhami̇ Gülçi̇n, Şükrü Beydemi̇r

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Melatonin is known to influence a variety of biological processes including circadian rhythms, neuroendocrine, and cardiovascular and immune functions as well as thermoregulation. Melatonin is the chief secretory product of the pineal gland, although it is also produced in other organs. In this study, in vitro effects of melatonin on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from human erythrocytes and in vivo effects of melatonin on 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase from rat (Sprague-Dawley) erythrocytes were studied. Human erythrocyte 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was purified in 3 steps, namely haemolysate preparation, ammonium sulphate fractionation (35-65%) and 2´,5´-ADP Sepharose-4B affinity gel chromatography. 6-Phosphogluconate dehydrogenase was purified with a recovery rate …

Genotoxic Evaluation Of The Antibacterial Drug, Ciprofloxacin, In Cultured Lymphocytes Of Patients With Urinary Tract Infection, Mevli̇t İkbal, Hasan Doğan, Hati̇ce Odabaş, İbrahi̇m Pi̇ri̇m

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Ciprofloxacin is a quinolone carboxylic acid derivative and is commonly used in medicine. The genotoxicity of ciprofloxacin was evaluated in cultured human peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with urinary tract infection. Sister chromatid exchange (SCE), mitotic index (MI) and replicative index (RI) were measured before and after ciprofloxacin therapy. Our results showed that SCE frequency significantly increased after ciprofloxacin therapy (P < 0.001), but MI and RI decreased (P < 0.001). The results of this study suggest that clinical therapy using ciprofloxacin may have a moderate genotoxic potential.

The Effects Of Asthma Education On Knowledge, Behavior And Morbidity In Asthmatic Patients, Rezan Demi̇ralay

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

This work was carried out to study the effect of asthma education on asthma knowledge, behavior and morbidity in asthmatic patients. A randomized double blind controlled study was conducted with 54 adults with asthma followed-up at the outpatient clinic of Chest Diseases and Tuberculosis at the Faculty of Medicine of Suleyman Demirel University. Patients were randomized to the verbal (n: 17), written (n: 19), and verbal-written (n: 18) education groups. Knowledge of asthma was measured at the baseline, and 2 months and 1 year after education. Compliance with treatment, correct inhaler skill and admisssons to hospital in the previous year …

Abdominal Wall Endometrioma: Localizing In Rectus Abdominus Sheath, Mustafa Çeli̇k, Ertan Bülbüloğlu, Mehmet Aki̇f Büyükbeşe, Ali̇ Çeti̇nkaya

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

ÇELİK^1, Ertan BÜLBÜLOĞLU^2, Mehmet Akif BÜYÜKBEŞE^3, Ali ÇETİNKAYA^3 ^1Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş - Turkey ^2Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University , Kahramanmaraş - Turkey ^3Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Kahramanmaraş Sütçü İmam University, Kahramanmaraş - Turkey

Chromosomal Aberrations In Radiation Waste Repository Workers Detected By Fish Painting And Giemsa Staining, Petya Atanasova, Valeria Borisova Hadjidekova, Savina Agova, Milen Iovtchev

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

We aimed to assess chromosomal aberration frequency by means of FISH chromosome painting and conventional Giemsa staining in peripheral blood lymphocytes of workers at a nuclear waste repository. The results obtained from the exposed group were compared with those from a control group from the administrative staff of the company. Data on health and social status were collected using a questionnaire. Conventional chromosomal analysis after Giemsa staining did not indicate any significant difference between radiation exposed and control workers. Analysis after FISH chromosome painting revealed a 2-fold increased in genomic frequency of stable chromosomal translocations in the exposed group over …

Analysis Of Borrelia Burgdorferi Antibody Seroprevalence In Patients With Behçet´S Disease Using 3 Different Serological Assays, Ergi̇n Ayaşlioğlu, Emel Erkek, Sedat Kaygusuz, Di̇lek Kiliç, Ali̇ İnal, Göksal Keski̇n

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

Behçet´s disease is a chronic multisystemic inflammatory vasculitis of unknown etiology. Various infectious agents have been implicated as potential triggering factors in the pathogenesis of the disease. The present study was designed to evaluate the seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in Turkish patients with Behçet´s disease. For this purpose, 90 consecutive patients with Behçet´s disease and 50 healthy individuals were enrolled into a prospective study. The IgM and IgG antibodies to B. burgdorferi in sera were determined by 3 different serological techniques, namely indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting (WB). Although there was a …

Primary Thyroid Lymphoma Arising In The Setting Of Hashimoto’S Thyroiditis, Banu Doğan Gün, Mustafa Özkan Gün, Zi̇ya Karamanoğlu

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

AN GÜN^1, Mustafa Özkan GÜN^2, Ziya KARAMANOĞLU^3 ^1Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Zonguldak - Turkey ^2Department of Pathology, Zonguldak SSK City Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey ^3Department of General Surgery, Zonguldak SSK City Hospital, Zonguldak, Turkey

An Extraskeletal Myxoid Chondrosarcoma Diagnosed By Fine Needle Aspiration Biopsy, Demet Eti̇t, Fi̇li̇z Dağ, Si̇nem Aydin Ergun, Asli Kahraman

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

İT, Filiz DAĞ, Sinem AYDIN ERGUN, Aslı KAHRAMAN Department of Pathology, Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, İzmir - Turkey

Congenital Megacalycosis: A Rare Renal Developmental Anomaly, Beki̇r Suha Parlaktaş, Fi̇kret Erdemi̇r, Ni̇hat Uluocak

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

ha PARLAKTAŞ, Fikret ERDEMİR, Nihat ULUOCAK Department of Urology, Faculty of Medicine, Gaziosmanpaşa University, Tokat - Turkey

Faculty Publications 2003, Lsu Health Sciences Center New Orleans

Historical Faculty Publications

This Faculty bibliography contains 869 publications.

Molecular Genetic Investigation Of Autosomal Dominant Hemifacial Microsomia, Rebecca Watt

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

The overall purpose of this project was to explore the underlying pathogenesis of Hemifacial microsomia (HFM), investigate treatment and management options identify likely candidate genes and screen candidate genes for mutation(s) causing the form of HFM segregating on chromosome 11 in a West Australian family. Hemifacial microsomia is a congenital malformation arising from the derivatives of the first and second branchial arches. It is both clinically and genetically heterogeneous and can occur sporadically or segregate within families in an autosomal fashion. HFM is characterised by significant undergrowth to one side of the face and is a common birth defect with …

Target Selection For Antisense Oligonucleotide Induced Exon Skipping In The Dystrophin Gene, Stephen J. Errington

Theses: Doctorates and Masters

Duchene Muscular Dystrophy (DMD), and the milder allelic Becker muscular dystrophy (EMD), are X-linked recessive muscle wasting disorders characterised by mutations in the dystrophin gene. DMD occurs at a frequency of approximately 1 in 3500 male newborns and life expectancy is typically less than 30 years. Due to progressive muscle wasting, affected boys are restricted to a wheelchair by the age of 12 years. The most common cause of death is pneumonia, compounded by cardiac involvement. Mutations that disrupt the dystrophin reading frame, or prevent the synthesis of either terminus, preclude the synthesis of a fully functional dystrophin. The subsequent …

Multi-Channel Fetal Magnetocardiographic Signal Seperation For Analysis Of Heart Rate Variability, Joshua Quaid Campbell

Theses and Dissertations

Objective: The objectives were to implement signal-processing techniques to separate the fetal magnetocardiogram (FMCG), as collected by SQUID (Superconducting QUantum Interference Device) gradiometers, from mixtures of maternal and fetal biomagnetic signals recorded during the antepartum period and to develop a database of normal FMCG values of the fetal cardiac time intervals and heart rate variability measures. Materials and Methods: The research was performed in three phases: 1) Independent component analysis (ICA), nonlinear filtering techniques, and orthogonal projection methods were optimized enabling the FMCG to be processed using traditional signal analysis techniques; 2) The cardiac time intervals and heart rate variability …