Virus Diseases Commons^™

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 88), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Simulating Influenza Epidemics With Waning Vaccine Immunity, Chun-Miin Chen, Alia C. Stanciu

Faculty Journal Articles

In this study, we simulate an influenza epidemic that considers the effects of waning immunity by fitting epidemiological models to CDC secondary historical data aggregated on a weekly basis, and derive the transmission rates at which susceptible individuals become infected over the course of the influenza season. Using a system of differential equations, we define four groups of individuals in a population: susceptible, vaccinated, infected, and recovered. We show that a larger number of initially infected individuals might not only bring the influenza season to an end sooner but also reduce the epidemic size. Moreover, any influenza virus that entails …

Pulmonary Inflammation And Injury Triggered By Spine Surgery In Recovered Covid-19 Patients Demand Consideration, Luciano Rodrigo Lopes, Silvana Kertzer Kasinski

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Improving Social Justice In Covid-19 Health Research: Interim Guidelines For Reporting Health Equity In Observational Studies, Alba Antequera, Daeria O. Lawson, Stephen G. Noorduyn, Omar Dewidar, Marc Avey, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Catherine Chamberlain, Holly Ellingwood, Damian Francis, Sarah Funnell

Woman and Child Health

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the global imperative to address health inequities. Observational studies are a valuable source of evidence for real-world effects and impacts of implementing COVID-19 policies on the redistribution of inequities. We assembled a diverse global multi-disciplinary team to develop interim guidance for improving transparency in reporting health equity in COVID-19 observational studies. We identified 14 areas in the STROBE (Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology) checklist that need additional detail to encourage transparent reporting of health equity. We searched for examples of COVID-19 observational studies that analysed and reported health equity analysis across one …

Acceptance Rates And Beliefs Toward Covid-19 Vaccination Among The General Population Of Pakistan: A Cross-Sectional Survey, Farah Yasmin, Waleed Asghar, Maryam Salma Babar, Hiba Khan, Shoaib Ahmad, Zaid Hameed, Muhammad Sohaib Asghar, Hamza Nauman, Abdullah Khan Khattak

Medical College Documents

Developing countries like Pakistan have previously suffered from barriers to acceptance of vaccination by the public because of financial and belief barriers. This study aims to explore these beliefs and highlight concerns regarding vaccine hesitancy in the general population of Pakistan since they are a hindrance to an effective coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) immunization in the country. A cross-sectional study was performed involving 1,778 participants from all four provinces of Pakistan. Results from the study showed more than half of the participants to be unsure of the safety (50%) and efficacy (51%) of the vaccine, whereas 42% were concerned about the …

Interpreting Covid-19 Deaths Among Nursing Home Residents In The Us: The Changing Role Of Facility Quality Over Time, Debasree Das Gupta, Uma Kelekar, Sidney C. Turner, Anupam A. Sule, Taya G. Jerman

Kinesiology and Health Science Faculty Publications

A report published last year by the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) highlighted that COVID-19 case counts are more likely to be high in lower quality nursing homes than in higher quality ones. Since then, multiple studies have examined this association with a handful also exploring the role of facility quality in explaining resident deaths from the virus. Despite this wide interest, no previous study has investigated how the relation between quality and COVID-19 mortality among nursing home residents may have changed, if at all, over the progression of the pandemic. This understanding is indeed lacking given that …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 87), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Balancing Science And Public Policy In Pakistan's Covid-19 Response, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta, Faisal Sultan, Aamer Ikram, Adil H. Haider, Assad Hafeez, Muhammad Islam

Centre of Excellence in Women and Child Health

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has affected the world in an unprecedented manner and South Asian countries were among the first to experience imported cases. Pakistan's response to COVID-19 has been under scrutiny for its granularity, reach and impact.
Aims: to evaluate objectively the chronology and depth of the response to COVID-19 in Pakistan.
Methods: We evaluated available national and subnational epidemiological and burden information on COVID-19 cases and deaths in Pakistan, including projection models available to the Government at an early stage of the pandemic.
Results: Pakistan, with a population of 215 million and considerable geographic diversity, experienced case …

Disparities In Covid-19 Rates Among Various Demographics And Lack Of Racial Representation In Medical Texts, Diangelo Gonzalez

Celebration of Learning

The 2019 novel coronavirus (COVID-19) outbreak, which originated in Wuhan, China in December of 2019, has impacted nations all over the globe. Given the health disparities which existed within the United States prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, this pandemic continued to pose a significant challenge to the health of the public. The aims of this research study were twofold: (1) to analyze the incidence rates of COVID-19 among different racial and ethnic groups within the United States and (2) to describe the occurrence of diversity within medical texts. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated health disparities within the United States. Understanding …

Why Should People Use Face Masks In The Time Of Covid? The Jri Position, Jose Bordon, Alex Glynn, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 86), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

No Difference In Clinical Outcomes For African American And White Patients Hospitalized With Sars-Cov-2 Pneumonia In Louisville, Kentucky, Julio A. Ramirez, Stephen P. Furmanek, Thomas Chandler, Stephen S. Hanson, Dawn Balcom, Subathra Marimuthu, Sathya Krishnasamy, Jose Bordon, Rodrigo Cavallazzi, Amr Aboelnasr, Mahder A. Tella, William A. Mattingly, Ashley M. Wilde, Daisy Sangroula, Demetra Antimisiaris, Donghoon Chung, Guillermo Cabral, Gabino R Fernandez-Botran, Jiapeng Huang, Martin Gnoni, Ozan Akca, Paul Schulz, Phillip F. Bressoud, Priya Krishnan, Sally Suliman, William P. Mckinney, Bryan Moffett, Leslie A Wolf, Mark Burns, Alex Glynn, Ruth Carrico, Forest W. Arnold

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

Introduction: Current literature indicates that African American individuals are at increased risk of becoming infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and suffer higher SARS-CoV-2-related mortality rates. However, there is a lack of consensus as to how the clinical outcomes of African American patients differ from those of other groups. The objective of this study was to define the clinical outcomes of African American and White hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in Louisville, Kentucky.

Methods: This was a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized patients with SARS-CoV-2 CAP at eight hospitals in Louisville, Kentucky. Severity of CAP at time of hospitalization …

The Current, Scott K. Heysell

Journal of Wellness

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 85), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Exploring Community Perceptions, Attitudes And Practices Regarding The Covid-19 Pandemic In Karachi, Pakistan, Anam Shahil Feroz, Naureen Akber Ali, Ridah Feroz, Noshaba Akber, Salima Nazim Meghani

Community Health Sciences

Background: The Government of Pakistan is facing difficulty to contain the surge of COVID-19 due to the country's social, political, economical and cultural context. Experiences from the previous epidemic suggest that community perceptions, social norms and cultural practices can impede COVID-19 containment. To understand social responses towards COVID-19, the study aims to explore the understanding of COVID-19 and the acceptance of control measures among community members.
Methods: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study using a purposive sampling approach, at two communities of Karachi, Pakistan. In-depth interviews were conducted with community members including, young, middle-aged and older adults of both genders. …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 84), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 83), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

Perceptions And Experiences Of Healthcare Providers During Covid-19 Pandemic In Karachi, Pakistan: An Exploratory Qualitative Study, Anam Shahil Feroz, Nousheen Pradhan, Zarak Hussain Ahmed, Mashal Murad Shah, Nargis Asad, Sarah Saleem, Sameen Siddiqi

Community Health Sciences

Objective: To explore healthcare provider's perspectives and experiences of the barriers and facilitators to treat and manage COVID-19 cases.
Design and setting: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study using a purposive sampling approach, at a private tertiary care teaching hospital in Karachi, Pakistan. Study data were analysed manually using the conventional content analysis technique.
Participants: Key-informant interviews (KIIs) were conducted with senior management and hospital leadership and in-depth interviews (IDIs) were conducted with front-line healthcare providers.
Results: A total of 31 interviews (KIIs=19; IDIs=12) were conducted, between April and May 2020. Three overarching themes emerged. The first was 'challenges faced …

Impact Of Coronavirus Disease 2019 On Prevention And Elimination Strategies For Hepatitis B And Hepatitis C, Syed Tabish Rehman, Hareem Rehman, Shahab Abid

Section of Pulmonary & Critical Care

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality since its first case was discovered in December 2019. Since then, multiple countries have witnessed a healthcare system collapse due to the overwhelming demand for COVID-19 care. Drastic measures have been taken globally in order to curb the spread of the virus. However, those measures have led to the disruption of other aspects of healthcare, increasing the burden due to other medical conditions. We have also stepped back in achieving the ambitious goal set in place by World Health Organization to eliminate viral hepatitis as a public …

Post-Acute Sequelae Of Covid-19 (Pasc): Association With Inflammation And Autoimmunity, Raghava S. Ambadapoodi, Fnu Deepti, Javaria Anwer Mbbs, Rafael Fernandez-Botran

The University of Louisville Journal of Respiratory Infections

It has become increasingly evident that a high percentage of patients that recover from acute COVID-19 infection continue to suffer from a variety of persistent symptoms even months after viral clearance, the most common ones being fatigue, dyspnea, anosmia, dysgeusia, cognitive dysfunction, and psychological problems, including anxiety and depression. This syndrome, known as Post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC), can severely affect the life quality and represents an important health care concern. The exact causes for the symptoms observed in patients with PASC remain to be adequately characterized, but are likely to be associated with multiple factors, including residual disease and/or …

Acceptance Of Covid-19 Vaccine In Pakistan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study, Mohammad Aadil Qamar, Omar Irfan, Rubaid A. Dhillon, Areesh Bhatti, Mir Ibrahim Sajid, Safia Awan, Wajiha Rizwan, Ali Bin Sarwar Zubairi, Zouina Sarfraz, Javaid Ahmed Khan

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine is available across various countries worldwide, with public-private partnerships ensuring all individuals are vaccinated through a phased approach. Irrespective of the geographical spread, several myths pertaining to the COVID-19 vaccine have stemmed, ultimately limiting the national administration of vaccines and rollouts. This study assessed the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine among the general public in Pakistan.
Methods: A pre-validated questionnaire was administered from January 2021 to February 2021 to assess the public attitude and acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine. Logistic regression analyses were run to identify factors associated with the acceptance among the …

Covid-19 Newsletter (Vol. 81), Center For Disaster Medicine, New York Medical College

COVID-19 Newsletter

No abstract provided.

How Long Can The Coronavirus (Covid-19) Survive?, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about the survival times of the virus.

Covid-19 Deliveries: Maternal Features And Neonatal Outcomes, Viviana Zlochiver, Blair Tilkens, Ana Cristina Perez Moreno, Fatima Aziz, M. Fuad Jan

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Integrated, data-driven criteria are necessary to evaluate delivery outcomes in pregnancies affected by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) during the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. This study analyzed maternal demographics, clinical characteristics, treatments, and delivery outcomes of 85 ethnically diverse, adult pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the time of delivery. Median maternal and gestational ages were 27 years (interquartile range [IQR]: 23–31) and 39 weeks (IQR: 37.3–40.0), respectively. Of the 85 SARS-CoV-2–positive participants, 67 (79%) had no COVID-19 symptoms at the time of routine COVID-19 admission testing, 14 (16%) reported mild COVID-19 symptoms, and 4 (5%) presented …

How To Clean Electronic Items To Prevent Coronavirus (Covid-19), Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment.This infographic provides facts about cleaning electronics.

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages available in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This infographic provides facts about cleaning fruits and vegetables.

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables - Lettuce And Other Leafy Greens And Root Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about cleaning lettuce and other leafy greens and root vegetables.

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables - Tender Fruits And Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 Prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about cleaning tender fruits and vegetables such as tomatoes, ripe stone fruits, mushrooms, and berries.

Follow These Procedures For Cleaning Fruits And Vegetables - Sturdy Fruits And Vegetables, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages developed in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information about cleaning sturdy fruits and vegetables such as green beans, asparagus, cucumbers, and melons.

What Can You Do To Prevent Spreading The Coronavirus (Covid-19)?, Celina Wille, Teresa Hunsaker

All Current Publications

This infographic is part of a series of eight graphically depicted COVID-19 prevention messages in English and Spanish, covering virus survival times, personal prevention practices, use of homemade cleaning products, and techniques to maintain a virus-free personal and home environment. This fact sheet provides information on practices to prevent disease.