Virus Diseases Commons^™

Covid-19 Pandemic: Economic Burden On Patients With Musculoskeletal Injuries In A Tertiary Care Hospital Of Lmic; Retrospective Cross Sectional Study, Pervaiz Hashmi, Shah Fahad, Hammad Naqi Khan, Marij Zahid, Anum Sadruddin Pidani, Shahryar Noordin

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Covid-19 has adversely impacted the health care organizations by over burdening with Covid patients and suspending the elective surgeries and clinics. Hospitalization during pandemic may increase health cost of patients for elective and emergency procedure due to extra cost of covid testing and isolation. A single center retrospective study was conducted to quantify losses due to postponement of elective surgeries and extra cost for procurement of PPEs. The secondary objective was to see the effect of Covid -19 on the total costs of inpatient care during Covid era.
Patient and method: We included all the patients admitted in orthopedic section …

Change In The Spectrum Of Orthopedic Trauma: Effects Of Covid-19 Pandemic In A Developing Nation During The Upsurge; A Cross-Sectional Study, Pervaiz Mahmood Hashmi, Marij Zahid, Syed Arif Ali, Hammad Naqi Khan, Anum Sadruddin Pidani, Alizah Pervaiz Hashmi, Shahryar Noordin

Section of Orthopaedic Surgery

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused a great impact on orthopedic surgery with a significant curtailment in elective surgeries which is the major bread and butter for orthopedic surgeons. It was also observed that the spectrum of orthopedic trauma injuries has shifted from more severe and frequent road traffic accidents (high energy trauma) to general, low energy house-hold injuries like low energy fractures in the elderly, pediatric fractures, house-hold sharp cut injuries and nail bed lacerations. The aim of this study is to appraise the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on orthopedic surgical practice, both inpatient and outpatient facility.
Materials …

Towards Pragmatic Adaptations: Orthopedic Surgery Amidst The Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic, Maryam Ehtesham, Talal Almas, Muhammad Ali Niaz, Absam Akbar

Medical College Documents

No abstract provided.

Cutaneous Manifestations Of Covid-19: Case Report And Discussion, Abigail Russell, Gary Gross, Vashist Nobbee

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction: Various cutaneous manifestations of COVID-19 have been described and awareness of these findings is beneficial for clinicians for an accurate diagnosis.

Clinical Findings: We present a case of skin findings consistent with acral microthrombi induced changes in an elderly gentleman who was positive for COVID-19.

Outcomes: The patient had a mild course of COVID-19. Cutaneous findings resolved after one week from presentation with supportive care.

Conclusions: This case highlights the importance of awareness of manifestations of COVID-19, which may assist in timely diagnosis and prevention of transmission.

Covid Intensive Care Unit Through The Eyes Of Ophthalmologists, Laura Drayer Turner, Dharshana Ramanathan, Sneha Melmane, Geeta Menon

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

The disproportionate impact of COVID on the mortality and morbidity of people of black, Asian and minority ethnic (BAME) backgrounds has been recognised and is under investigation. Here we present a different impact: that on the psyche. As three doctors of BAME heritage, we shared an experience of being redeployed from ophthalmology to the COVID Intensive Care Unit. We share our reflections on the experience and lessons learned.

Universal Testing Of Covid-19 Infection On A New Orleans, La Labor And Delivery Unit, Vidda Moussavi, Tiffany C. Chang, Alison M. Key, Minmin Luo, Alice S. Tong, Chi Dola

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background: The greater New Orleans area emerged as an early epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic, with one of the highest infection and death rates per capita in the United States. The first case of COVID-19 in an obstetric patient at Tulane Lakeside Hospital occurred on March 22, 2020. Given increasing concern for asymptomatic carriers, the labor and delivery unit implemented universal testing of all patients and their support partners starting on April 1, 2020.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of all obstetric encounters was performed to determine the incidence of COVID-19, characterize the natural history of COVID-19 and evaluate obstetric …

Covid-19 Needs Assessment And Support For Primary Care Practices In Western North Carolina, Sheri Denslow, Jill Fromewick, Kacey Scott, Jesse Bossingham, Brian Cass, Bryan Hodge, Erica L. Richman, Tammy Garrity, Kathleen Mottus, Jacqueline R. Halladay

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Background: It is critical to ensure that Primary Care Providers (PCPs) have adequate personal protective equipment (PPE), supplies, training, staffing, and contingency planning during pandemics, particularly in rural areas. In March 2020, during the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Mountain Area Health Education Center (MAHEC), in collaboration with the Cecil G. Sheps Center for Health Services Research at UNC Chapel Hill, rapidly created and conducted a needs assessment of PCPs in western North Carolina (WNC).

Methods: A group of twenty volunteers conducted a telephone survey of PCPs in a 16 county region of WNC. Practices were asked about their …

Acute Ischemic Stroke As The Presenting Feature Of Covid-19 In The Young And Pregnant, Nermila A. Ballmick, Jiri F. Kubac, Hossein Akhondi

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is an emerging and rapidly evolving public health issue that has become globally widespread and an overwhelming pandemic. Clinical manifestations of the disease include asymptomatic carrier states, acute respiratory distress syndrome, and even multiorgan dysfunction. Here, we present a unique and rare case of an acute ischemic stroke (AIS) in an asymptomatic pregnant woman with no predisposing medical illnesses.

Discussion: An 18-year-old G2P1 African American woman at 7 weeks gestational age with no significant medical or family history presenting to the Emergency Department during the initial phases of the pandemic with complaints of new onset left …

Pulmonary Embolism And Giant Cavitary Lesion Developing After Covid-19 Pneumonia, Ahmet Vural, Ahmet Nedim Kahraman

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Introduction: The clinical manifestations of the worldwide pandemic, which began in mainland China in December 2019, were very similar to viral pneumonia and defined as Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Complications such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), acute cardiac tissue damage, secondary infections, isolated coagulopathy and pulmonary embolism have been reported with COVID-19 disease.

Clinical Findings: A 79-year-old woman admitted to the emergency room (ER) had complaints of fever and cough. The patient was admitted to the ER with the suspicion of COVID-19. Samples were collected with a nasopharyngeal swab and confirmed as COVID-19. In addition, a chest CT examination …

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation For Covid-19 Treatment In A Community Hospital, Daniel I. Loube, Kashif Z. Hassan, Sang H. Lee

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) may result in severe acute respiratory disease syndrome (ARDS) and death. For COVID-19 patients failing mechanical ventilation, extra corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been used with varying efficacy in academic medical centers and quaternary referral centers. We report the successful use of veno-venous (VV) ECMO to treat refractory ARDS due to COVID-19 in a community hospital setting with a survival to discharge rate of 71% over a 3 month period. In a community hospital with adequate resources, VV ECMO can be an effective rescue therapy for selected COVID-19 patients who fail all other available treatments.

Covid-19 And Arrhythmias: A Review Of Cardiac Electrophysiology Associated With Sars-Cov-2, Kashmala Khan, Francis Dimtri, Carlos Vargas, Thomas Alexander

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become one of the most recognized viral illnesses to date. Most people infected with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) have a benign clinical course, but there have also been catastrophic outcomes. Although, notoriously known to affect the respiratory system, extra-pulmonary manifestations have also been established. An increasing number of people have been reported to present with cardiac manifestations, which include but are not limited to arrhythmias. The cardiac conduction system can be damaged by various mechanisms in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2. In this review, we will attempt to briefly describe the arrhythmogenic …

Global Burden Of Acute Lower Respiratory Infection Associated With Human Metapneumovirus In Children Under 5 Years In 2018: A Systematic Review And Modelling Study, Xin Wang, You Li, Maria Deloria-Knoll, Shabir A. Madhi, Cheryl Cohen, Syed Asad Ali, Sudha Basne, Quique Bassat, W Abdullah Brooks, Malinee Chittaganpitch

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Background: Human metapneumovirus is a common virus associated with acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) in children. No global burden estimates are available for ALRIs associated with human metapneumovirus in children, and no licensed vaccines or drugs exist for human metapneumovirus infections. We aimed to estimate the age-stratified human metapneumovirus-associated ALRI global incidence, hospital admissions, and mortality burden in children younger than 5 years.
Methods: We estimated the global burden of human metapneumovirus-associated ALRIs in children younger than 5 years from a systematic review of 119 studies published between Jan 1, 2001, and Dec 31, 2019, and a further 40 high …

Strategies To Improve Coverage Of Typhoid Conjugate Vaccine (Tcv) Immunization Campaign In Karachi, Pakistan, Farah Qamar Naz, Rabab Batool, Sonia Qureshi, Miqdad Ali, Tahira Sadaf, Junaid Mehmood, Khalid Iqbal, Akram Sultan, Noah Duff, Mohammad Tahir Yousafzai

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

The emergence and spread of extensively drug-resistant (XDR) typhoid in Karachi, Pakistan led to an outbreak response in Lyari Town, Karachi utilizing a mass immunization campaign with typhoid conjugate vaccine (TCV), Typbar TCV®. The mass immunization campaign, targeted Lyari Town, Karachi, one of the worst affected towns during the XDR typhoid outbreak. Here we describe the strategies used to improve acceptance and coverage of Typbar TCV in Lyari Town, Karachi. The mass immunization campaign with Typbar TCV was started as a school- and hospital-based vaccination campaign targeting children between the age of 6 months to 15 years old. A dose …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 13, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Burned Out – COVID-19
• Payne, Michael. 15 Years with the Bagel Brothers – Sandra Hurley
• Hargrove, Matthew. Hilltoppers Get in the Win Column, Home Finale Up Next - Football
• Kieser, Nick. All Eyes on the Spring – Basketball, Softball, Soccer, Baseball
• Leboutier, Addison. Little Flock of Jesus Christ Fellowship Comes Home – Clarence Tapp
• Cox, Alex. Editorial Cartoon re: Kamala Harris
• What a Kamala Harris Vice Presidency Means for Young People of Color
• Lattimer, Jacob. Student Government Association Sustainability Committee Looks to Make an Impact …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 12, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Kieser, Nick. Boyce Store, 1869 to COVID-19
• Bertucci, Leo. Barren River COVID-19 Data Still Delayed
• Frazier, Keilen. Joe Biden Their Time
• Extending the Withdrawal Date Is Not Enough – Pass / D / Fail Option
• Reynolds, Easton. WKU Extends the Deadline to Withdraw a Class
• Mallon, Sam. WKU, Barren River Area Child Advocacy Center Initiative Aims to Curb Child Abuse, Neglect – Child Welfare Education
• Hargrove, Matthew. Hilltoppers Drop Game at Florida Atlantic University, Southern Mississippi Visits the Hill Saturday – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Time …

FacebookʼS Latest Attempt To Address Vaccine Misinformation — And Why ItʼS Not Enough, Ana Santos Rutschman

All Faculty Scholarship

On October 13, 2020 Facebook announced the adoption of a series of measures to promote vaccine trust “while prohibiting ads with misinformation that could harm public health efforts.” In the post written by Kang-Xing Jin (head of health) and Rob Leathern (director of product management), the company explained that the new measures were designed with an emphasis on encouraging widespread use of this yearʼs flu vaccine, as well as in anticipation of potential COVID-19 vaccines becoming available in the near future.

The changes focus mainly on the establishment of a multiprong informational campaign about the seasonal flu vaccine, which includes …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 11, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Murray, Debra. Campaigning During COVID-19
• Stryker, Shane. Third Party Candidates Present Options Outside Democrats & Republicans
• WKU Young Democrats
• WKU College Republicans
• Serrano, Francisco. A Voice of Change for the Young Generation
• Thornton, Maggie. Kentucky’s 1^st Congressional District
• Holland, Kelley. Kentucky’s 2^nd Congressional District
• Latimer, Jacob. Senate Candidates on College-Level Issues – Mitch McConnell, Amy McGrath
• Collins, Michael. District 20 Candidates on the Issues – Patti Minter, Leanette Lopez
• Who’s Running for City Commission?

Associations Between Household-Level Exposures And All-Cause Diarrhea And Pathogen-Specific Enteric Infections In Children Enrolled In Five Sentinel Surveillance Studies, Josh M. Colston, Abu S G. Faruque, M Jahangir Hossain, Debasish Saha, Suman Kanungo, Inácio Mandomando, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Anita K. M. Zaidi, Richard Omore, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Diarrheal disease remains a major cause of childhood mortality and morbidity causing poor health and economic outcomes. In low-resource settings, young children are exposed to numerous risk factors for enteric pathogen transmission within their dwellings, though the relative importance of different transmission pathways varies by pathogen species. The objective of this analysis was to model associations between five household-level risk factors-water, sanitation, flooring, caregiver education, and crowding-and infection status for endemic enteric pathogens in children in five surveillance studies. Data were combined from 22 sites in which a total of 58,000 stool samples were tested for 16 specific enteropathogens using …

Role Of Interleukin-1 Family Members And Signaling Pathways In Kshv Pathogenesis, Lindsey Barrett, Jungang Chen, Lu Dai, Karlie Plaisance-Bonstaff, Luis Del Valle, Zhiqiang Qin

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 10, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Nutter, Abbey. Haunting on the Hill
• Latimer, Jacob. Campus Community Expresses Their Thoughts on Buildings & Colleges Connected to Slave Owners
• Collins, Michael. Greek Organizations Under Scrutiny for COVID-19 Violations
• Cox, Alex. Editorial Cartoon re: Body Image
• College Diet Culture
• Frazier, Keilen & Anna Leachman. Carving New Paths – Southwest Kentucky Mountain Bike Association
• E-Sports Explained
• Gaylord, Kaden. Nothing to Celebrate About That Win – Football
• Hargrove, Matthew. Tyrell Pigrome’s Late Touchdown Gives Hilltoppers First Win in Two Weeks – Football

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 9, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Aboah, Henri. Blooming – Flower Shops
• Reynolds, Easton. Record Setting Voter Turnout Expected This Election Season
• Collins, Michael. Grocery Shopping In a Pandemic
• Mallon, Sam. Fighting for Peace – Bowling Green for Peace
• Tomlin, Laura. WKU Environmental Health & Safety Provides Do’s & Don’t’s for This Halloween During COVID-19
• It’s Time for WKU to Switch to Environmentally-friendly Take-out Products – Dining Services
• Keiser, Nick. Covering a WKU Football Game Amid the COVID-19 Pandemic
• Hargrove, Matthew. In Ruins – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. The Offense Doesn’t Have …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 8, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Lowe, Julianna. A Look Inside – Jamison Moorehead, Quarantine
• Burris, Lily. Day in the Life – Sharon Hunter
• Collins, Michael & Lauren Deppen. Need to Know – COVID-19
• Frazier, Keilen. Homecoming in Barnes-Campbell Hall – Quarantine
• Lowe, Julianna. Survey to Student – Dining Services, Quarantine
• Collins, Michael. Kentucky Universities’ Records on COVID-19
• Burris, Lily. Voices on the Inside – Sam Padgett, Chris Willis, Parker Randall, River Carter, Iyanla Shackelford
• Hargrove, Matthew. Herd Tramples WKU – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Travis Hudson is the Greatest of All …

Analysis Of Covid-19 Burden, Epidemiology And Mitigation Strategies In Muslim Majority Countries, Rachel Jardine, James Wright, Zainab Samad, Zulfiqar Ahmed Bhutta

Section of Cardiology

Background: Muslim majority countries have experienced a considerable burden of COVID-19 infection. However, there has been a relative lack of research comparing COVID-19 outbreaks and responses between Muslim-majority countries.
Aims: This study aimed to analyse COVID-19 burden, epidemiology and mitigation strategies in Muslim-majority countries.
Methods: We use a mixed-methods approach to describe the course of the COVID-19 pandemic throughout the Islamic world, highlight the range of non-pharmaceutical interventions used and the speed with which they were implemented, and investigate reasons behind the differing responses between Muslim-majority countries. The number of cases and deaths per million population, and the mean time …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 7, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Murray, Debra. Truckin’ Great: COVID-19 Leads to New Dining Options
• Bertucci, Leo. WKU COVID-dashboard Lacks Active Case Count
• Rash, Liza. Math Department Head Responds to Demotion, Reanalyzes Model 41 Days Later - Bruce Kessler
• Kieser, Nick. Lady Topper Golf Finishes Second in Hoover Invitational
• Cox, Alexander. Editorial Cartoon re: Scholarship Money
• Opening Doors: New Scholarships Show that WKU Cares
• Edmonds, Garrett. Student Government Association President Garrett Edmonds Plans for New Academic Year
• Hargrove, Matthew. Tops Take Victory – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Don’t Let This Be …

Improving Data For Decision-Making: A Toolkit For Cervical Cancer Prevention And Control Programmes, Elkanah Omenge, Edwin Were, Oliver Rode, Kapten Muthoka, Michael Byczkowski, Heike Sartor, Davy Vanden Broeck, Dietmar Schmidt, Miriam Reuschenbach, Magnus Von Knebel Doeberitz

Obstetrics and Gynaecology, East Africa

Background: Screening of unvaccinated women remains essential to mitigate the high morbidity/mortality of cervical cancer. Here, we compared visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA), recommended by WHO as the most cost-effective screening approach in LMICs, with HPV-based screening, and usage of p16INK4a/Ki-67 dual stain cytology.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled women participating in a VIA-based cervical cancer screening program in two peri-urban health centers of Kenya. Consenting women had a VIA examination preceded by collection of a liquid-based cytology sample from the cervix stored in PreservCyt medium (Hologic®). Analysis of all samples included a hrHPV DNA test and evaluation of a …

Reorganising For Covid-19 Pandemic: A Review Of Structural Modifications By The Department Of Internal Medicine In Low To Middle-Income Countries, Shakeel Ur Rehman, Muhammad Arslan Ahmed, Ghufran Adnan, Maria Ali Khan

Department of Medicine

Scientists classified the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a novel coronavirus on January 7, 2020. The World Health Organization (WHO) acknowledged the SARS-CoV-2 outburst a public health emergency of international concern on January 30, 2020. Since its origin, this virus has disrupted the best healthcare systems, economies, and strained financial resources; and for underdeveloped countries' healthcare systems, the virus has become a crisis. To tackle the potential hazards from this virus, our Department restructured the services that not only helped us to cope with the pandemic, but also provided an example to copy for other contemporary institutes. …

Endoscopic Removal Of Fractured 3d-Printed Nasopharyngeal Swabs From The Olfactory Cleft During Covid-19, Matthew Miller, Kristy Carlson, Jayme Dowdall, Christie Barnes, Sam Pate

Graduate Medical Education Research Journal

The severe acute respiratory syndrome SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has posed significant challenges to hospital and public health systems in the United States. In response to a shortage in nasopharyngeal swabs, our institution developed, tested, and deployed 3D-printed swabs to obtain a specimen for testing. A patient was tested in preparation for a scheduled Esophagogastrodeuodenoscopy. During the procedure the swab broke and a portion remained in the superior meatus and olfactory cleft. This case study describes the process of locating and removing the broken sections of the 3D-printed swab. In response to this incident, 3D-printing teams test swabs for sample collection and …

Case Report: Tocilizumab For The Treatment Of Sars-Cov-2 Infection In A Patient With Aplastic Anemia, Gina Keiffer, Zach French, Lindsay Wilde, Joanne Filicko-O'Hara, Usama Gergis, Adam Binder

Department of Medicine Faculty Papers

While cytokine storm develops in a minority of patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, novel treatment approaches are desperately needed for those in whom it does. Tocilizumab, an interleukin-6 receptor antibody, has been utilized for the treatment of cytokine storm in a number of severe inflammatory conditions, including in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here, we present the first published case utilizing this therapy in a patient with underlying immunodeficiency. Our patient with aplastic anemia developed cytokine storm due to COVID-19 manifested by fever, severe hypoxia, pulmonary infiltrates, and elevated inflammatory markers. Following treatment …

Ua12/2/1 College Heights Herald, Vol. 96, No. 2, Wku Student Affairs

WKU Administration Documents

WKU campus newspaper reporting campus, athletic and Bowling Green, Kentucky news. This issue contains articles:

• Collins, Michael. Rough Start – COVID-19
• Thornton, Maggie. What a WKU Student Learned from Her Experience with COVID-19
• Harkreader, Dylan & Debra Murray. Programs That Rely On Hands-on Learning Adapt to Virtual Courses
• Meyer-Thornton, Zane. Keep It Going
• Hurst, Courtney, Robin Lester & Trenton Peyton. What Is Intercultural Student Engagement Center?
• Sisler, Julie. WKU Grad Student: It’s On the Administration, Not the Students
• Kieser, Nick. Football Takes Precautions to Kick Off Season COVID-Free
• Warner, Casey: Setting Up – Football
• Gaylord, Kaden. Making It Safe to …

Etiology Of Acute Undifferentiated Fever In Patients Presenting To The Emergency Department Of A Tertiary Care Center In Karachi, Pakistan, Noman Ali, Nadeem Ullah Khan, Shahid Shahid, Syed Mustahsan

Department of Emergency Medicine

Objective: Our study aimed at identifying the characteristics and etiology of various causes of acute undifferentiated fever in patients presenting to the emergency department of a tertiary care hospital.
Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at the department of emergency medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital from January to June 2016. Adult patients presenting to Emergency department with acute undifferentiated fever were enrolled. Descriptive statistics were calculated in terms of mean±SD for continuous variables like age of the patients and duration of fever, whereas frequency and percentage were computed for categorical variables like gender and causes of fever.
Results: A …