Neoplasms Commons^™

The Construct And Predictive Validity Of Psychosocial Correlates Of Television Viewing, Raheem Paxton, Pascal Jean-Pierre, Saehwan Park, Yong Gao Dr., Stephen Herrmann, G J. Norman

Journal of Health Disparities Research and Practice

Background: Many studies have examined the consequences of prolonged television viewing, but few studies have examined the psychological states that contribute to this behavior. In this study, we evaluated the construct and predictive validity of psychosocial correlates of television viewing in a population of African American (AA) breast cancer survivors (BCS).

Methods: AA BCS (N = 342, Mean age = 54 years) completed measures of decisional balance, self-efficacy, family support, and time spent watching television online. Exploratory structural equation modeling (ESEM) was used to examine the construct and predictive validity as well as the differential item functioning of the instruments …

Most Efficient Methods To Treat Breast Cancer, Esther Ehrman

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

Breast cancer is rampant in today’s world. Because there are many different cases and so many different ways to classify breast cancer, a multidisciplinary approach must be taken. Many patients undergo breast conserving surgery which creates a need for the eradication of any remaining tumor residue through radiation. Fifty Gy of radiation should be applied to the breast with an additional 16 Gy as a boost. If a mastectomy is performed to remove a large tumor and 4 or more positive lymph nodes were present, radiation should be applied as well. If the tumor expresses HER2 protein, Trastuzumab should be …

Does The Expression Of Ki-67, P16 And Cox-2 At Initial Diagnosis Of Breast Atypia Or Usual Ductal Hyperplasia Predict A Second Clinically Significant Event?, Judy A. Tjoe, Philippe Gascard, Jianxin Zhao, Gary F. Neitzel, Maharaj Singh, Brittany Last, James Marx, Thea Tlsty, Sanjay Kansra

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Background: Women diagnosed with atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) or atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) have a fivefold increased risk of developing breast cancer. Because ADH/ALH can be precursors or predictive markers of a subsequent clinically significant event (SCSE), i.e. atypia, in situ or invasive carcinoma, the clinical outcome for these patients ranges anywhere from remission to invasive malignancy. Currently we cannot predict which atypical breast lesion is likely to be associated with future cancer, resulting in aggressive management and, possibly, overtreatment. Kerlikowske et al. reported that a combination of three biomarkers (cell cycle regulator p16INK4a, proliferation antigen Ki-67 and stress response …

Integrative Analysis Of Survival-Associated Gene Sets In Breast Cancer, Frederick S. Varn, Matthew H. Ung, Shao Ke Lou, Chao Cheng

Dartmouth Scholarship

Patient gene expression information has recently become a clinical feature used to evaluate breast cancer prognosis. The emergence of prognostic gene sets that take advantage of these data has led to a rich library of information that can be used to characterize the molecular nature of a patient’s cancer. Identifying robust gene sets that are consistently predictive of a patient’s clinical outcome has become one of the main challenges in the field. We inputted our previously established BASE algorithm with patient gene expression data and gene sets from MSigDB to develop the gene set activity score (GSAS), a metric that …

Breast Cancer Screening: Early Detection Is Not Enough, Judy A. Tjoe

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

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What Are The Recommended Timing And Screening Modalities For Women At Higher Risk Of Developing Breast Cancer? A Clin-Iq, Summer Jatala, Shawn Fitzgerald, Pamela Tietze, Kalyanakrishnan Ramakrisnan, Laine H. Mccarthy, Elizabeth Wickersham

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Early detection of breast cancer is desirable to prevent progression to advanced disease. This subject has been one of significant study and debate for women at normal risk, and recommendations continue to evolve. However, with regard to women at high risk, the recommendations from various health care professional organizations, including the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force, are different and also inconsistent concerning when to begin screening and which modalities should be used. We review several randomized controlled trials and consensus opinions regarding when to begin screening for breast cancer and how to best screen women at high risk. Specifically, we …

Synthesis And Evaluation Of The Diarylthiourea Analogs As Novel Anti-Cancer Agents, Shengquan Liu, Maggie C. Louie, Vanishree Rajagopalan, Guangyan Zhou, Esmerelda Ponce, Tran Nguyen, Linda Green

Faculty Publications & Research of the TUC College of Osteopathic Medicine

No abstract provided.

Is Tamoxifen Prophylaxis Effective In Reducing The Incidence Of Breast Cancer In Women Who Are At High Risk?, Maria Deveau

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this EBM review is to determine whether or not Tamoxifen prophylaxis is effective in reducing the incidence of breast cancer in woman who are at high risk.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of three English language primary studies published from 2005 to 2007.

DATA SOURCE: Three double-blind randomized control trials found using the PubMed and Cochrane database.

OUTCOME MEASURED: The primary outcome by all three studies included incidence of breast cancer.

RESULTS: Three double- blind randomized controlled trials were included in this review. Study by Powles et al showed statistically significant reduction in the incidents of breast cancer …

Sildenafil And Celecoxib Interact To Kill Breast Cancer Cells, Brittany Binion

Theses and Dissertations

Breast cancer is the second most commonly diagnosed cancer among American women and is responsible for the second highest number of cancer-related deaths. Targeted therapeutic agents sildenafil, a phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, and celecoxib, a cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, have been used individually in conjunction with other chemotherapeutic agents to enhance cell killing in a variety of cancers. Sildenafil when combined with traditional chemotherapeutic drugs, such as the taxanes and anthracyclines, or celecoxib combined with traditional hormone therapies have been used to increase cytotoxicity and cell killing. The data presented here demonstrates that the novel combination of sildenafil and celecoxib work together …

Expansion Of Breast Cancer Stem Cells With Fibrous Scaffolds, Sheng Feng, Pang-Kuo Lo, Shou Liu, Xinfeng Liu, Hexin Chen, Qian Wang

Faculty Publications

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) are hypothesized as tumor-initiating cells within tumors and main contributors of tumor growth, metastasis and recurrence. Mammary cancer cells, MCF-7 cells, were cultured on 3D polycaprolactone (PCL) fibrous scaffolds, showing an increased proportion of CSCs. The expression of stem cell markers, including OCT3/4 and SOX2, and breast CSC-specific markers, SOX4 and CD49f, was significantly upregulated, and the mammosphere-forming capability in cells cultured on PCL fibrous scaffolds increased. The fibrous scaffolds also induced the elongation of MCF-7 cells and extended cell proliferation. The increase of CSC properties after being cultured on fibrous scaffolds was further confirmed with …

Does Yoga Aid In The Reduction Of Short-Term Anxiety In Adult Female Breast Cancer Patients?, Lora K. Brown

PCOM Physician Assistant Studies Student Scholarship

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this selective EBM review is to determine whether or not yoga aids in the reduction of short-term anxiety in adult female breast cancer patients.

STUDY DESIGN: Review of three English language primary studies, published between 2007 and 2010.

DATA SOURCES: Two randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and one before and after comparison study were found using PubMed, Medline, and OVID. These studies analyzed yoga intervention in adult female breast cancer patients suffering from anxiolytic effects.

OUTCOMES MEASURED: The main outcomes measured were anxiety state level and symptom severity and distress experienced by patients through use of the …

Pregnancy Associated Breast Cancer: An Analysis Of Fetal Treatment Risk, Melissa Barnett

The Science Journal of the Lander College of Arts and Sciences

There are several viable treatment options for patients with PABC considered un-harmful to fetal development. Trastusumab, or Herceptin, targets HER2 protein and successfully combats aggressive breast cancer. In standard doses, it appears to be safe to the fetus even when administered during the first trimester. A likely side effect of Herceptin is anhydramnios, which can be monitored for throughout the stages of a pregnancy (Shrim et al. 2008). Anthracyclines, commonly used in chemotherapy, appear to be non-toxic, and have been used to successfully cure PABC patients in their second and third trimester. However, first trimester spontaneous abortions are documented to …