Endocrine System Diseases | Open Access Articles

Geographic And Socioeconomic Predictors Of Early Follow-Up Loss In Patients Undergoing Pituitary Neuroendocrine Tumors (Pitnets) Resection: A Retrospective Review Of 1143 Cases, Daniel Quintana, Rithvik Ramesh, Robert C. Osorio, Wesley Shoap, Paul Mcmillan Villalobos, Philip V. Theodosopoulos, Sandeep Kunwar, Jose Gurrola, Ivan H. El Sayed, Manish K. Aghi, Ezequiel Goldschmidt

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

OBJECTIVE: Postoperative follow-up after PitNET resection is essential for monitoring tumor recurrence and endocrinological deficits. Despite advances in telehealth, loss to follow-up remains a persistent challenge across neurosurgical patients. This study aims to identify factors to identify patients are at higher risk of being lost to follow-up after surgery. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 1,143 adult patients who underwent PitNET resection between 2012 and 2019 at a single institution. Clinical and radiological data were analyzed to assess loss to follow-up in the cohort. Multivariable logistic and negative binomial regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with …

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Nevus Sebaceous Of Jadassohn With Secondary Cystic Papillary Hidradenoma, Jordan A. Book, Rosemary Prejean, Jonathan M. Joseph, Nicholas Culotta, Christopher Haas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Nevus sebaceous of Jadassohn (NS) is a congenital cutaneous hamartoma that typically presents at birth as a plaque on the face, scalp, or neck. While NS is associated with a risk of neoplastic transformation, the majority of secondary tumors are benign, with the most common being trichoblastomas and syringocystadenomas. In this report, we present a rare case of a 63-year-old male with a right parietal scalp NS with a secondary cystic papillary hidradenoma (HP), which is a benign tumor that almost exclusively occurs in the perineal region. Histopathologic examination was consistent with NS, revealing hyperkeratosis, parakeratosis, increased sebaceous glands, ectopic …

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Surgical Management Of A Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumor Causing Epidural Spinal Cord Compression And Transdural Intramedullary Invasion: Illustrative Case, Wesley Shoap, Kion Gregory, Jack A. Leoni, Gabriel C. Tender

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND Intramedullary spinal cord metastasis from local transdural invasion is an exceedingly rare event. Therefore, specific guidance on the timing, type, and extent of surgical intervention is lacking. OBSERVATIONS A 60-year-old male with a known pulmonary neuroendocrine tumor presented with 2 days of progressive lower extremity paraplegia rendering him nonambulatory. MRI demonstrated transpleural and paravertebral invasion by the mass with extension through the left T1–2 and T2–3 neural foramina causing significant epidural compression. There was also transdural invasion at T2 extending intramedullary to the C4 spinal level, with associated cord edema. He underwent posterior cervicothoracic laminectomy and fusion with transpedicular …

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Effect Of Nano2, A Donor Of Nitric Oxide, On Glucose Mediated Oxidative Stress In Pancreaticb-Cells, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Rahib K. Islam, Mohammod B. Rashid, Branson Smith, Safa K. Islam

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Annual Meeting of the Endocrine Society, ENDO 2024, June 1 - 4, 2024, Boston, MA

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The Glucosylamine Oxidation Pathway Of Vitamin C Recycling, James M. Hempe, Daniel S. Hsia, Arthur Hagar, Larry Byers

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The proposed glucosylamine oxidation pathway (GOP) is a two-step, intraerythrocyte, thermodynamically favorable nonenzymatic reaction that first binds glucose to the N-terminal valine of beta globin (βVal1) to form a closed-chain glucosylamine that can spontaneously reduce oxidized vitamin C to its antioxidant form. This review summarizes analytical, biochemical and clinical research supporting the existence of the GOP and the surprising hypothesis that βVal1 glucosylamine is a reducing agent that works cooperatively with reduced glutathione to dynamically regulate vitamin C recycling during naturally occurring periods of transiently or chronically elevated blood glucose and oxidant production. Rationale for the existence of the GOP …

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Alkindi Sprinkle For Pediatric Patients With Primary Adrenocortical Insufficiency: A Narrative Review, Alan D. Kaye, Munira E. Khaled, Kristin Nicole Bembenick, John Lacey, Anamika Tandon, Rucha A. Kelkar, Alyssa G. Derouen, Corrado Ballaera, Debbie Chandler, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Sahar Shekoohi, Giustino Varrassi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Adrenocortical insufficiency, also known as adrenal insufficiency (AI), is an endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of adrenal hormones, including glucocorticoids and mineralocorticoids (MCs). The condition can be categorized as primary, secondary, or tertiary AI, depending on the location of the defect. Classical symptoms of AI include weakness, fatigue, abdominal pain, tachycardia, hypotension, electrolyte imbalances, and hyperpigmentation. In children, the most common cause of AI is classical congenital adrenal hyperplasia, which results from a deficiency in the 21-hydroxylase enzyme. The 21-hydroxylase enzyme produces all steroids, such as cortisol and aldosterone. AI management primarily involves hormone replacement therapy, typically with oral …

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Hyperkalemia: Pharmacotherapies And Clinical Considerations, Evan S. Sinnathamby, Kelly T. Banh, William T. Barham, Tyler D. Hernandez, Audrey J. De Witt, Danielle M. Wenger, Vincent G. Klapper, David Mcgregor, Antonella Paladini, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye, Giustino Varrassi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Hyperkalemia has been defined as a condition where a serum potassium level is > 5.5 mmol/l. It is associated with fatal dysrhythmias and muscular dysfunction. Certain medical conditions, such as chronic kidney disease (CKD), diabetes mellitus, and others, can lead to hyperkalemia. Many of the signs of hyperkalemia are nonspecific. A history and physical examination can be beneficial in the diagnosis of the condition. In this regard, certain characteristic electrocardiogram findings are associated with hyperkalemia along with laboratory potassium levels. In acute and potentially lethal conditions, hyperkalemia treatments include glucose and insulin, bicarbonate, calcium gluconate, beta-2 agonists, hyperventilation, and dialysis. There …

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Mechanisms And Treatment Options For Hyperthyroid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review, Robert M. Branstetter 4th, Rahib K. Islam, Collin A. Toups, Amanda N. Parra, Zachary Lee, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Normal thyroid hormone levels are crucial for the homeostasis of many metabolic cycles and processes throughout the human body. Thyroid dysfunction, such as thyrotoxicosis, can result from many different etiologies, including Graves' disease (GD), toxic multinodular goiter (MNG), and toxic adenoma. These hyperthyroid disease states can cause devastating complications and disease, including the disruption of the bone remodeling cycle and skeletal development, which can result in osteoporosis. Osteoporosis is characterized by a decrease in bone mineral density and a propensity for fragility fractures. In addition to patients with overt hyperthyroidism, studies have provided evidence of other high-risk patient demographics, such …

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A Cryptic Microdeletion Del(12)(P11.21p11.23) Within An Unbalanced Translocation T(7;12)(Q21.13;Q23.1) Implicates New Candidate Loci For Intellectual Disability And Kallmann Syndrome, Afif Ben-Mahmoud, Shotaro Kishikawa, Vijay Gupta, Natalia T. Leach, Yiping Shen, Oana Moldovan, Himanshu Goel, Bruce Hopper, Kara Ranguin, Nicolas Gruchy, Saskia M. Maas, Yves Lacassie, Soo Hyun Kim, Woo Yang Kim, Bradley J. Quade, Cynthia C. Morton, Cheol Hee Kim, Lawrence C. Layman, Hyung Goo Kim

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

In a patient diagnosed with both Kallmann syndrome (KS) and intellectual disability (ID), who carried an apparently balanced translocation t(7;12)(q22;q24)dn, array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH) disclosed a cryptic heterozygous 4.7 Mb deletion del(12)(p11.21p11.23), unrelated to the translocation breakpoint. This novel discovery prompted us to consider the possibility that the combination of KS and neurological disorder in this patient could be attributed to gene(s) within this specific deletion at 12p11.21-12p11.23, rather than disrupted or dysregulated genes at the translocation breakpoints. To further support this hypothesis, we expanded our study by screening five candidate genes at both breakpoints of the chromosomal translocation …

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Effect Of Biological Variation In Hba1c And Blood Glucose On The Diagnosis Of Prediabetes, James M. Hempe, Shengping Yang, Daniel S. Hsia

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Introduction: People with a low or high haemoglobin glycation index (HGI) have lower or higher HbA1c than other people with the same FPG. This study compared the prevalence of prediabetes based on FPG, 2hOGTT and HbA1c in people with low, moderate or high HGI. Methods: Prediabetes was diagnosed based on ADA cutpoints in 10,488 NHANES participants without self-reported diabetes. HGI was calculated as the difference between a participant's observed HbA1c and a predicted HbA1c where predicted HbA1c = 0.024 FPG + 3.1. Participants were divided into low (HGI < −0.15%), moderate (HGI −0.15% to +0.15%) and high (HGI > +0.15%) HGI subgroups. Results: The prevalence of prediabetes was 42.4% based on …

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Comparison Of Medical Management Versus Parathyroidectomy In Patients With Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Meta-Analysis., Katherine A. Cironi, Peter P. Issa, Aaron L. Albuck, Christina Mccarthy, Leely Rezvani, Mohammad Hussein, Xinyi Luo, Mohamed Shama, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Background: Parathyroidectomy is the definitive cure for patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) and has an annual prevalence of 0.2–1% in the United States. Some patients with mild disease are medically managed effectively using calcium-lowering medications and drugs against complications such as osteoporosis; however, many maintain a persistently high calcium level that negatively impacts their skeletal, renal, and psychogenic systems over the long term. This meta-analysis aims to compare the outcomes of medical management versus parathyroidectomy in patients with mild pHPT. Study Design: This meta-analysis was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines …

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Diagnostic Performance Of Afirma And Interpace Diagnostics Genetic Testing In Indeterminate Thyroid Nodules: A Single Center Study †, Emad Kandil, Tyler A. Metz, Peter P. Issa, Mohamed Aboueisha, Mahmoud Omar, Abdallah S. Attia, Bert Chabot, Mohammad Hussein, Krzysztof Moroz, Mohamed Shama, Eman Toraih

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Indeterminate thyroid nodules (ITN) represent 20–30% of biopsied nodules, with a 10–60% risk of malignancy. Molecular testing can stratify the risk of malignancy among ITNs, and subsequently reduce the need for unnecessary diagnostic surgery. We aimed to assess the performance of these molecular tests at a single institution. Patients with Bethesda III, IV, and V nodules with Afirma and Interpace Diagnostics genetic testing data from November 2013 to November 2021 were included. Three cohorts were formed, including GSC + XA, ThyGeNEXT + ThyraMIR, and GSC + GEC. Statistical analysis determined the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), negative predictive value …

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The Diagnostic Performance Of Ultrasonography In The Evaluation Of Extrathyroidal Extension In Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma: A Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis, Peter P. Issa, Aaron L. Albuck, Eslam Hossam, Mohammad Hussein, Mohamed Aboueisha, Abdallah S. Attia, Mahmoud Omar, Seif Abdelrahman, Gehad Naser, Robert D.E. Clark, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Extrathyroidal extension (ETE) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) is an indication of disease progression and can influence treatment aggressiveness. This meta-analysis assesses the diagnostic accuracy of ultrasonography (US) in detecting ETE. A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed by searching PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane for studies published up to April 2022. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were calculated. The areas under the curve (AUC) for summary receiver operating curves were compared. A total of 11 studies analyzed ETE in 3795 patients with PTC. The sensitivity of ETE detection was 76% (95%CI = 74–78%). The …

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Full-Text Articles in Endocrine System Diseases

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Nevus Sebaceous Of Jadassohn With Secondary Cystic Papillary Hidradenoma, Jordan A. Book, Rosemary Prejean, Jonathan M. Joseph, Nicholas Culotta, Christopher Haas

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Surgical Management Of A Pulmonary Neuroendocrine Tumor Causing Epidural Spinal Cord Compression And Transdural Intramedullary Invasion: Illustrative Case, Wesley Shoap, Kion Gregory, Jack A. Leoni, Gabriel C. Tender

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Effect Of Nano2, A Donor Of Nitric Oxide, On Glucose Mediated Oxidative Stress In Pancreaticb-Cells, Kazi Nazrul Islam, Rahib K. Islam, Mohammod B. Rashid, Branson Smith, Safa K. Islam

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

The Glucosylamine Oxidation Pathway Of Vitamin C Recycling, James M. Hempe, Daniel S. Hsia, Arthur Hagar, Larry Byers

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Hyperkalemia: Pharmacotherapies And Clinical Considerations, Evan S. Sinnathamby, Kelly T. Banh, William T. Barham, Tyler D. Hernandez, Audrey J. De Witt, Danielle M. Wenger, Vincent G. Klapper, David Mcgregor, Antonella Paladini, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye, Giustino Varrassi

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Mechanisms And Treatment Options For Hyperthyroid-Induced Osteoporosis: A Narrative Review, Robert M. Branstetter 4th, Rahib K. Islam, Collin A. Toups, Amanda N. Parra, Zachary Lee, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, Giustino Varrassi, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Effect Of Biological Variation In Hba1c And Blood Glucose On The Diagnosis Of Prediabetes, James M. Hempe, Shengping Yang, Daniel S. Hsia

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

Comparison Of Medical Management Versus Parathyroidectomy In Patients With Mild Primary Hyperparathyroidism: A Meta-Analysis., Katherine A. Cironi, Peter P. Issa, Aaron L. Albuck, Christina Mccarthy, Leely Rezvani, Mohammad Hussein, Xinyi Luo, Mohamed Shama, Eman Toraih, Emad Kandil

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications

School of Medicine Faculty Publications