Endocrine System Diseases Commons^™

An Estrogen Receptor Α-Derived Peptide Improves Glucose Homeostasis During Obesity, Wanbao Yang, Wen Jiang, Wang Liao, Hui Yan, Weiqi Ai, Quan Pan, Wesley A Brashear, Yong Xu, Ling He, Shaodong Guo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Estrogen receptor α (ERα) plays a crucial role in regulating glucose and energy homeostasis during type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). However, the underlying mechanisms remain incompletely understood. Here we find a ligand-independent effect of ERα on the regulation of glucose homeostasis. Deficiency of ERα in the liver impairs glucose homeostasis in male, female, and ovariectomized (OVX) female mice. Mechanistic studies reveal that ERα promotes hepatic insulin sensitivity by suppressing ubiquitination-induced IRS1 degradation. The ERα 1-280 domain mediates the ligand-independent effect of ERα on insulin sensitivity. Furthermore, we identify a peptide based on ERα 1-280 domain and find that ERα-derived peptide …

Inaccurate Diagnosis Of Diabetes Type In Youth: Prevalence, Characteristics, And Implications, Mustafa Tosur, Xiaofan Huang, Audrey S Inglis, Rebecca Schneider Aguirre, Maria J Redondo

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Classifying diabetes at diagnosis is crucial for disease management but increasingly difficult due to overlaps in characteristics between the commonly encountered diabetes types. We evaluated the prevalence and characteristics of youth with diabetes type that was unknown at diagnosis or was revised over time. We studied 2073 youth with new-onset diabetes (median age [IQR] = 11.4 [6.2] years; 50% male; 75% White, 21% Black, 4% other race; overall, 37% Hispanic) and compared youth with unknown versus known diabetes type, per pediatric endocrinologist diagnosis. In a longitudinal subcohort of patients with data for ≥ 3 years post-diabetes diagnosis (n = 1019), …

Combined Deletion Of Men1, Atrx And Pten Triggers Development Of High-Grade Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors In Mice, Mary Esmeralda Fuentes, Xiaoyin Lu, Natasha M Flores, Simone Hausmann, Pawel K Mazur

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs) are a heterogeneous group of tumors that exhibit an unpredictable and broad spectrum of clinical presentations and biological aggressiveness. Surgical resection is still the only curative therapeutic option for localized PanNET, but the majority of patients are diagnosed at an advanced and metastatic stage with limited therapeutic options. Key factors limiting the development of new therapeutics are the extensive heterogeneity of PanNETs and the lack of appropriate clinically relevant models. In that context, genomic sequencing of human PanNETs revealed recurrent mutations and structural alterations in several tumor suppressors. Here, we demonstrated that combined loss of MEN1, …

Li-Fraumeni Syndrome And The Benefits Of Annual Comprehensive Screening: A Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma Case, Alice He Bs, Wern Lynn Ng Md, Faith Seltun Do, Lay She Ng Md, Si Yuan Khor Md, Elham Nasrollahi Md, Chandi Garg Md, Rong Rong Ge Md

Tower Health Research Day

No abstract provided.

The Stress Of Measuring Plantar Tissue Stress In People With Diabetes-Related Foot Ulcers: Biomechanical And Feasibility Findings From Two Prospective Cohort Studies, Chantal M Hulshof, Madelyn Page, Sjef G Van Baal, Sicco A Bus, Malindu E Fernando, Lisette Van Gemert-Pijnen, Kilian D R Kappert, Scott Lucadou-Wells, Bijan Najafi, Jaap J Van Netten, Peter A Lazzarini

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Reducing high mechanical stress is imperative to heal diabetes-related foot ulcers. We explored the association of cumulative plantar tissue stress (CPTS) and plantar foot ulcer healing, and the feasibility of measuring CPTS, in two prospective cohort studies (Australia (AU) and The Netherlands (NL)). Both studies used multiple sensors to measure factors to determine CPTS: plantar pressures, weight-bearing activities, and adherence to offloading treatments, with thermal stress response also measured to estimate shear stress in the AU-study. The primary outcome was ulcer healing at 12 weeks. Twenty-five participants were recruited: 13 in the AU-study and 12 in the NL-study. CPTS data …

Cardiovascular Disease Management With Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter-2 Inhibitors In Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: A Cardiology Primer, Allan Zhang, Ramsey Kalil, Alexander Marzec, Stephanie A Coulter, Salim Virani, Kershaw V Patel, Matthew W Segar

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Patients with type 2 diabetes face an elevated risk of cardiovascular disease. This review centers on sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors, a class of drugs that, according to a growing body of evidence, may have major potential for managing cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. This review presents findings from multiple clinical trials suggesting that SGLT2 inhibitors can not only serve as preventive therapeutic agents but also play a role in the active management of heart failure. The discussion includes the mechanism of action of SGLT2 inhibitors, emphasizing that they enhance urinary glucose excretion, which could lead to improved …

Islet Autoantibodies As Precision Diagnostic Tools To Characterize Heterogeneity In Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review, Jamie L Felton, Maria J Redondo, Richard A Oram, Cate Speake, S Alice Long, Suna Onengut-Gumuscu, Stephen S Rich, Gabriela S F Monaco, Arianna Harris-Kawano, Dianna Perez, Zeb Saeed, Benjamin Hoag, Rashmi Jain, Carmella Evans-Molina, Linda A Dimeglio, Heba M Ismail, Dana Dabelea, Randi K Johnson, Marzhan Urazbayeva, John M Wentworth, Kurt J Griffin, Emily K Sims, Ada/Easd Pmdi Collaborators

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Islet autoantibodies form the foundation for type 1 diabetes (T1D) diagnosis and staging, but heterogeneity exists in T1D development and presentation. We hypothesized that autoantibodies can identify heterogeneity before, at, and after T1D diagnosis, and in response to disease-modifying therapies.

METHODS: We systematically reviewed PubMed and EMBASE databases (6/14/2022) assessing 10 years of original research examining relationships between autoantibodies and heterogeneity before, at, after diagnosis, and in response to disease-modifying therapies in individuals at-risk or within 1 year of T1D diagnosis. A critical appraisal checklist tool for cohort studies was modified and used for risk of bias assessment.

RESULTS: …

Single-Cell Analysis Of Age-Related Changes In Leukocytes Of Diabetic Mouse Hindpaws, James M Nichols, Hoang Vu Pham, Eric F Lee, Rajasekaran Mahalingam, Andrew J Shepherd

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Complications associated with Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes, such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy and diabetic foot ulcers, are a growing health-care concern. In addition, this concern increases as diabetic patients age due to their increased susceptibility to complications. To address this growing problem, it is important to understand fluctuations in physiology which lead to pathological changes associated with the metabolic disturbances of diabetes. Our study explores dysregulation of immune cell populations in the hindpaws of healthy and diabetic mice at 12 and 21 weeks of age using single-cell RNA sequencing to provide insight into immune disruptions occurring in the …

Adipose Tissue Dysfunction And Energy Balance Paradigms In People Living With Hiv, Claudia E Ramirez Bustamante, Neeti Agarwal, Aaron R Cox, Sean M Hartig, Jordan E Lake, Ashok Balasubramanyam

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Over the past 4 decades, the clinical care of people living with HIV (PLWH) evolved from treatment of acute opportunistic infections to the management of chronic, noncommunicable comorbidities. Concurrently, our understanding of adipose tissue function matured to acknowledge its important endocrine contributions to energy balance. PLWH experience changes in the mass and composition of adipose tissue depots before and after initiating antiretroviral therapy, including regional loss (lipoatrophy), gain (lipohypertrophy), or mixed lipodystrophy. These conditions may coexist with generalized obesity in PLWH and reflect disturbances of energy balance regulation caused by HIV persistence and antiretroviral therapy drugs. Adipocyte hypertrophy characterizes visceral …

A Case Of Diffuse Thyroid Lipomatosis With Amyloid Deposits Presenting With Thyrotoxicosis, Adrian M Gonzalez-Gil, Marco A Ruiz-Santillan, Bahar K Force, Ruchi Gaba

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Diffuse thyroid lipomatosis (DTL) is a rare entity of unknown etiology that can be associated with amyloidosis and rarely, thyrotoxicosis. Here, we present a case of DTL with amyloid deposits and concurrent thyrotoxicosis. A 64-year-old South-Asian woman with a several-year history of an enlarging goiter, unintentional weight loss, and work-up 10 months prior suggestive of thyroiditis presented with a viral syndrome in setting of several weeks of progressive fatigue. Her examination was notable for resting sinus tachycardia and massive painless goiter. Initial work-up revealed nephrotic range proteinuria with hypoalbuminemia, which progressed to end-stage-renal disease, elevated inflammatory markers, and elevated free …

Endocrine-Sensitive Disease Rate In Postmenopausal Patients With Estrogen Receptor-Rich/Erbb2-Negative Breast Cancer Receiving Neoadjuvant Anastrozole, Fulvestrant, Or Their Combination: A Phase 3 Randomized Clinical Trial, Cynthia X Ma, Vera J Suman, Souzan Sanati, Kiran Vij, Meenakshi Anurag, A Marilyn Leitch, Gary W Unzeitig, Jeremy Hoog, Aranzazu Fernandez-Martinez, Cheng Fan, Richard A Gibbs, Mark A Watson, Travis J Dockter, Olwen Hahn, Joseph M Guenther, Abigail Caudle, Erika Crouch, Amy Tiersten, Monica Mita, Wajeeha Razaq, Tina J Hieken, Yang Wang, Mothaffar F Rimawi, Anna Weiss, Eric P Winer, Kelly K Hunt, Charles M Perou, Matthew J Ellis, Ann H Partridge, Lisa A Carey

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

IMPORTANCE: Adding fulvestrant to anastrozole (A+F) improved survival in postmenopausal women with advanced estrogen receptor (ER)-positive/ERBB2 (formerly HER2)-negative breast cancer. However, the combination has not been tested in early-stage disease.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether neoadjuvant fulvestrant or A+F increases the rate of pathologic complete response or ypT1-2N0/N1mic/Ki67 2.7% or less residual disease (referred to as endocrine-sensitive disease) over anastrozole alone.

DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A phase 3 randomized clinical trial assessing differences in clinical and correlative outcomes between each of the fulvestrant-containing arms and the anastrozole arm. Postmenopausal women with clinical stage II to III, ER-rich (Allred score 6-8 or …

Diabetes Study Of Children Of Diverse Ethnicity And Race: Study Design, Maria J Redondo, Kylie K Harrall, Deborah H Glueck, Mustafa Tosur, Serife Uysal, Andrew Muir, Elizabeth G Atkinson, Melanie R Shapiro, Liping Yu, William E Winter, Michael Weedon, Todd M Brusko, Richard Oram, Kendra Vehik, William Hagopian, Mark A Atkinson, Dana Dabelea, Discover Study Group

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

AIMS: Determining diabetes type in children has become increasingly difficult due to an overlap in typical characteristics between type 1 diabetes (T1D) and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The Diabetes Study in Children of Diverse Ethnicity and Race (DISCOVER) programme is a National Institutes of Health (NIH)-supported multicenter, prospective, observational study that enrols children and adolescents with non-secondary diabetes. The primary aim of the study was to develop improved models to differentiate between T1D and T2D in diverse youth.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: The proposed models will evaluate the utility of three existing T1D genetic risk scores in combination with data on …

Streamlined Adeno-Associated Virus Production Using Suspension Hek293t Cells, Aditi A Kulkarni, Austin G Seal, Corinne Sonnet, Kazuhiro Oka

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Recombinant adeno-associated viruses (rAAVs) are valuable viral vectors for in vivo gene transfer, also having significant ex vivo therapeutic potential. Continued efforts have focused on various gene therapy applications, capsid engineering, and scalable manufacturing processes. Adherent cells are commonly used for virus production in most basic science laboratories because of their efficiency and cost. Although suspension cells are easier to handle and scale up compared to adherent cells, their use in virus production is hampered by poor transfection efficiency. In this protocol, we developed a simple scalable AAV production protocol using serum-free-media-adapted HEK293T suspension cells and VirusGEN transfection reagent. The …

Gestational Diabetes Augments Group B Streptococcus Infection By Disrupting Maternal Immunity And The Vaginal Microbiota, Vicki Mercado-Evans, Marlyd E Mejia, Jacob J Zulk, Samantha Ottinger, Zainab A Hameed, Camille Serchejian, Madelynn G Marunde, Clare M Robertson, Mallory B Ballard, Simone H Ruano, Natalia Korotkova, Anthony R Flores, Kathleen A Pennington, Kathryn A Patras

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a pervasive perinatal pathogen, yet factors driving GBS dissemination in utero are poorly defined. Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), a complication marked by dysregulated immunity and maternal microbial dysbiosis, increases risk for GBS perinatal disease. Using a murine GDM model of GBS colonization and perinatal transmission, we find that GDM mice display greater GBS in utero dissemination and subsequently worse neonatal outcomes. Dual-RNA sequencing reveals differential GBS adaptation to the GDM reproductive tract, including a putative glycosyltransferase (yfhO), and altered host responses. GDM immune disruptions include reduced uterine natural killer cell activation, impaired recruitment to placentae, …

Offloading And Adherence Through Technological Advancements: Modern Approaches For Better Foot Care In Diabetes, Sicco A Bus, Neil D Reeves, David G Armstrong, Bijan Najafi

Center on Aging Staff Publications

Objective: This manuscript aims to provide a review and synthesis of contemporary advancements in footwear, sensor technology for remote monitoring, and digital health, with a focus on improving offloading and measuring and enhancing adherence to offloading in diabetic foot care.

Methods: A narrative literature review was conducted by sourcing peer-reviewed articles, clinical studies, and technological innovations. This paper includes a review of various strategies, from specifically designed footwear, smart insoles and boots to using digital health interventions, which aim to offload plantar pressure and help prevent and manage wounds more effectively by improving the adherence to such offloading.

Results: In-house …

Glucose Metabolism In Posterior Cingulate Cortex Has Supplementary Value To Predict The Progression Of Cognitively Unimpaired To Dementia Due To Alzheimer’S Disease: An Exploratory Study Of 18f-Fdg-Pet, Qi Zhang, Chunqiu Fan, Luyao Wang, Taoran Li, Min Wang, Ying Han, Jiehui Jiang, Alzheimer’S Disease Neuroimaging Initiative

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Amyloid-β (Aβ) and tau are important biomarkers to predict the progression of cognitively unimpaired (CU) to dementia due to Alzheimer's disease (AD), according to the diagnosis framework from the US National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer's Association (NIA-AA). However, it is clinically difficult to predict those subjects who were already with Aβ positive (A +) or tau positive (T +). As a typical characteristic of neurodegeneration in the diagnosis framework, the hypometabolism of the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) has significant clinical value in the early prediction and prevention of AD. In this paper, we proposed the glucose metabolism in …

Adverse Metabolic Phenotypes In Parenterally Fed Neonatal Pigs Do Not Persist Into Adolescence, Sarah K Elefson, Barbara Stoll, Teresa A Davis, Marta L Fiorotto, Samer W El-Kadi, Kenneth Genovese, Thomas Thymann, Per T Sangild, Douglas G Burrin

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Nutrition during fetal and neonatal life is an important determinant for the risk of adult-onset diseases, especially type 2 diabetes and obesity.

OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine whether total parenteral nutrition (TPN) compared with enteral formula feeding [enteral nutrition (EN)] in term piglets during the first 2 wk after birth would increase the long-term (5-mo) development of metabolic syndrome phenotypes with adverse glucose homeostasis, fatty liver disease, and obesity.

METHODS: Neonatal female pigs were administered TPN (n = 12) or fed enterally with a liquid enteral milk-replacer formula (EN, n = 12) for 14 d. After transitioning TPN pigs …

Preparing Community Health Workers To Empower Latino(A)S With Diabetes: A Real-World Implementation Study, Laura Porterfield, Zuleica Santiago Delgado, Premal G Patel, Michael L Goodman, Kendall M Campbell, Elizabeth M Vaughan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the delivery of diabetes self-management education (DSME) to Latino(a) adults by community health workers (CHWs).

Methods: Investigators developed an evidence-based, bilingual (Spanish/English) diabetes education curriculum and trained 10 CHWs on its content. CHWs then implemented the curriculum in 6-month diabetes group visit programs for low-income Latino(a)s with type 2 diabetes in nonacademic 501(c)3 community clinics. Investigators evaluated efficacy of the training through successful implementation, measured by participant group visit acceptance and attendance.

Results: Participants (n = 70) reported high levels of program satisfaction (3.8/4.0), improvement in quality of life (9.7/10), meeting …

Circulating Microrna Expression And Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease In Adolescents With Severe Obesity, Yi-Jie Li, Brittney O Baumert, Nikos Stratakis, Jesse A Goodrich, Hao-Tian Wu, Jing-Xuan He, Yin-Qi Zhao, Max T Aung, Hong-Xu Wang, Sandrah P Eckel, Douglas I Walker, Damaskini Valvi, Michele A La Merrill, Justin R Ryder, Thomas H Inge, Todd Jenkins, Stephanie Sisley, Rohit Kohli, Stavra A Xanthakos, Andrea A Baccarelli, Rob Mcconnell, David V Conti, Lida Chatzi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases in children and adolescents. NAFLD ranges in severity from isolated hepatic steatosis to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), wherein hepatocellular inflammation and/or fibrosis coexist with steatosis. Circulating microRNA (miRNA) levels have been suggested to be altered in NAFLD, but the extent to which miRNA are related to NAFLD features remains unknown. This analysis tested the hypothesis that plasma miRNAs are significantly associated with histological features of NAFLD in adolescents.

AIM: To investigate the relationship between plasma miRNA expression and NAFLD features among adolescents with NAFLD.

METHODS: This …

Gad65abs Are Not Associated With Beta-Cell Dysfunction In Patients With T2d In The Grade Study, Christiane S Hampe, Ali Shojaie, Barbara Brooks-Worrell, Sepideh Dibay, Kristina Utzschneider, Steven E Kahn, Mary E Larkin, Mary L Johnson, Naji Younes, Neda Rasouli, Cyrus Desouza, Robert M Cohen, Jean Y Park, Hermes J Florez, Willy Marcos Valencia, Robert Stempel, Jerry P Palmer, Ashok Balasubramanyam

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

CONTEXT: Autoantibodies directed against the 65-kilodalton isoform of glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD65Abs) are markers of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) but are also present in patients with Latent Autoimmune Diabetes of Adults and autoimmune neuromuscular diseases, and also in healthy individuals. Phenotypic differences between these conditions are reflected in epitope-specific GAD65Abs and anti-idiotypic antibodies (anti-Id) against GAD65Abs. We previously reported that 7.8% of T2D patients in the GRADE study have GAD65Abs but found that GAD65Ab positivity was not correlated with beta-cell function, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), or fasting glucose levels.

CONTEXT: In this study, we aimed to better characterize islet autoantibodies …

Case Report: The Effect Of Automated Manual Lymphatic Drainage Therapy On Lymphatic Contractility In 4 Distinct Cases, Melissa B Aldrich, John C Rasmussen, Ron J Karni, Caroline E Fife, Frank Aviles, Kristen A Eckert, M Mark Melin

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

INTRODUCTION: Automated manual lymphatic drainage therapy (AMLDT) is available for home use in the form of a pneumatic mat of 16 pressurized air channels that inflate and deflate to mimic the stretch and release action of manual lymphatic drainage therapy. Four cases (a patient with complex regional pain syndrome and lymphedema, a healthy patient, a breast cancer survivor with chronic pain, and a patient with a history of abdominal surgery) underwent near-infrared fluorescence lymphatic imaging (NIRFLI) with AMLDT to evaluate the effect of AMLDT on lymphatic pumping and pain.

METHODS: Each patient received 32-36 injections of 25 μg indocyanine green …

Prenatal Androgen Exposure Reduces Ovarian Function, Marlee Weets

All Master's Theses

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common reproductive and endocrine disorder, being the leading cause of infertility for females of reproductive age. The etiology of PCOS is not fully known, although it is hypothesized that there is a genetic, epigenetic, and environmental component to the disease. One of the environmental influences that can cause an abnormal reproductive phenotype similar to PCOS is prenatal exposure to excess androgens (male sex hormones). Previous studies have shown that prenatal exposure to androgens in mice can cause a PCOS-like ovarian phenotype similar to people with PCOS. To examine how prenatal androgen exposure causes …

Relationship Between Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone (Tsh) Levels And The Presence Of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (Nafld) Among Asymptomatic Individuals, Mohamed Ramzy Alawy, Shimaa M W Kalama, Rania T H Gebba, Samah Mohammed Abdelmonem Abu Sholaa, Asmaa M Soliman

Journal of Medicine in Scientific Research

Background: Thyroid gland and its hormones have a crucial effect in body weight regulation, metabolism of lipid, and insulin sensitivity, which all of them play an important and significant effect in the process of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) development. Aim: This study aimed to evaluate the potential risk of occurrence of metabolic syndrome in euthyroid persons with NAFLD . Subjects and Methods: - This cross-sectional study was carried out on outpatient cases in the Department of Internal Medicine at Shebin El-Kom Teaching Hospital. Conducted between February 2024 and August 2024, our study included 96 participants recruited from outpatient clinic. …

Using Education To Improve Glycemic Management Within An Emergency Department, Rebecca Olson

Master's Theses and Capstones

Background: Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) frequently visit acute care facilities for a variety of reasons. Proper management of this comorbidity increases patient safety, satisfaction, and quality care. Patients with persistent dysglycemic events in acute care facilities have an increased risk of complications and death during their stay. Lack of education can contribute to gaps in proper management within this population and therefore must be improved for better patient outcomes.

Methods: The Plan-Do-Check-Act design from the A3 Problem Solving model was used to guide a quality improvement project which focused on improving staff education and confidence surrounding glycemic management. The …

Approaches To Estimate Bidirectional Causal Effects Using Mendelian Randomization With Application To Body Mass Index And Fasting Glucose, Jinhao Zou, Rajesh Talluri, Sanjay Shete

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Mendelian randomization (MR) is an epidemiological framework using genetic variants as instrumental variables (IVs) to examine the causal effect of exposures on outcomes. Statistical methods based on unidirectional MR (UMR) are widely used to estimate the causal effects of exposures on outcomes in observational studies. To estimate the bidirectional causal effects between two phenotypes, investigators have naively applied UMR methods separately in each direction. However, bidirectional causal effects between two phenotypes create a feedback loop that biases the estimation when UMR methods are naively applied. To overcome this limitation, we proposed two novel approaches to estimate bidirectional causal effects using …

Higher Il-6 And Il-4 Plasma Levels In Depressed Elderly Women Are Influenced By Diabetes Mellitus, Natália S Dias, Antônio L Teixeira, Breno S Diniz, Erica L Vieira, Bernardo De M Viana, Izabela G Barbosa

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed at investigating a set of peripheral cytokines in elderly female patients with MDD, comparing them to controls, and assessing the potential influence of clinical comorbidities on inflammatory markers.

METHODS: Twenty-five elderly female patients diagnosed with MDD and 19 age-matched female controls were enrolled on this study. Plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-6, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-γ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were evaluated with commercially-available assays.

RESULTS: Elderly female patients with MDD exhibited higher plasma IL-6 and IL-4 levels when compared to controls. In a logistic regression model taking cytokine levels, comorbidities, and age into account, only …

A Woman With Bilateral Pheochromocytoma And Tuberous Sclerosis Complex, Maleeha Zahid, Shalini Koshy, Jawairia Shakil, Helmi S Khadra, Luan D Truong, Archana R Sadhu

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma (PPGL) are rare neuroendocrine tumors. Here, we report an unusual case of synchronous PPGL in an asymptomatic patient with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC).

CASE REPORT: A 49-year-old woman with a history of TSC and end-stage renal disease was referred for evaluation of bilateral adrenal and retroperitoneal masses. She denied chest pain, palpitations, headaches, or previous hypertensive crisis. The laboratory test results showed a plasma normetanephrine level of 20.20 nmol/L (normal range, 0.00-0.89 nmol/L) and plasma chromogranin A level Chromogranin A (CgA) levels of 1518 ng/mL (normal range, 0-103 ng/mL). The plasma metanephrine level was normal. After …

Variant Of The Lactase Lct Gene Explains Association Between Milk Intake And Incident Type 2 Diabetes, Kai Luo, Guo-Chong Chen, Yanbo Zhang, Jee-Young Moon, Jiaqian Xing, Brandilyn A Peters, Mykhaylo Usyk, Zheng Wang, Gang Hu, Jun Li, Elizabeth Selvin, Casey M Rebholz, Tao Wang, Carmen R Isasi, Bing Yu, Rob Knight, Eric Boerwinkle, Robert D Burk, Robert C Kaplan, Qibin Qi

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Cow's milk is frequently included in the human diet, but the relationship between milk intake and type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial. Here, using data from the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos, we show that in both sexes, higher milk intake is associated with lower risk of T2D in lactase non-persistent (LNP) individuals (determined by a variant of the lactase LCT gene, single nucleotide polymorphism rs4988235 ) but not in lactase persistent individuals. We validate this finding in the UK Biobank. Further analyses reveal that among LNP individuals, higher milk intake is associated with alterations in gut microbiota (for …

Green Synthesis Of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles From Althaea Officinalis Flower Extract Coated With Chitosan For Potential Healing Effects On Diabetic Wounds By Inhibiting Tnf-Α And Il-6/Il-1Β Signaling Pathways, Sammar Fathy Elhabal, Nashwa Abdelaal, Saeed Abdul Kareem Saeed Al-Zuhairy, Mohamed Fathi Mohamed Elrefai, Ahmed Mohsen Elsaid Hamdan, Mohamed Mansour Khalifa, Sandra Hababeh, Mohammad Ahmad Khasawneh, Gehad M Khamis, Jakline Nelson, Passant M Mohie, Rania A Gad, Amira Rizk, Soad L Kabil, Mohamed Kandeel El-Ashery, Bhaskara R Jasti, Nahla A Elzohairy, Tayseer Elnawawy, Fatma E Hassan, Mohamed A El-Nabarawi

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Diabetes Mellitus is a multisystem chronic pandemic, wound inflammation, and healing are still major issues for diabetic patients who may suffer from ulcers, gangrene, and other wounds from uncontrolled chronic hyperglycemia.

METHOD AND RESULTS: First, develop eco-friendly green Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and incorporate them into a 2% chitosan (CS) gel. In-vitro study performed by UV-visible spectrum analysis showed a sharp peak at 390 nm, and Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectrometry showed a peak of zinc and oxygen. Besides, Fourier transforms infrared (FTIR) was used to qualitatively validate biosynthesized ZnO-NPs, and transmission electron microscope (TEM) showed spherical nanoparticles with mean …

Carbimazole-Associated Pancreatitis: Report From Western India, Vyankatesh Shivane, Nihar Mehta, Ajay Jhaveri, Saba Samad Memon

Faculty, Staff and Student Publications

Pancreatitis is a very rare complication of methimazole and carbimazole therapy. We describe a case of possible carbimazole-associated pancreatitis. A 41-year-old Asian man (with no comorbidities) reported to the hospital with atrial fibrillation and a fast ventricular rate. He was diagnosed with hyperthyroidism due to Graves disease. His rhythm was reverted with amiodarone, and carbimazole was initiated at 15 mg daily for the medical management of Graves disease. Fifteen days later, he presented with acute severe abdominal pain and vomiting with elevated serum amylase 387 U/L (reference range, 28-100 U/L) and lipase levels 206 U/L (reference range, 13-60 U/L). Magnetic …