Digestive System Diseases Commons^™

Associations Of Abdominal Pain And Psychosocial Distress Measures With Health-Related Quality-Of-Life In Pediatric Healthy Controls And Irritable Bowel Syndrome, John M Hollier, Danita I Czyzewski, Mariella M Self, Yan Liu, Erica M Weidler, Miranda A L Van Tilburg, James W Varni, Robert J Shulman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Children with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) have lower health-related quality-of-life (HRQOL) than healthy controls (HC). Abdominal pain and psychosocial distress are negatively associated with HRQOL, although their relative effect is unclear.

AIM: The aim of this study was to compare the relative associations of abdominal pain and psychosocial distress with HRQOL in HC and IBS.

STUDY: Baseline abdominal pain, psychosocial distress, and HRQOL measures were obtained from HC and IBS pediatric clinical trial participants. Regression assessed which measures were most strongly associated with Physical and Psychosocial HRQOL separately by group. Interaction analyses examined group differences in the associations of …

Dietary Factors And Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia Risk Among Us Veterans, Mimi C Tan, Niharika Mallepally, Quynh Ho, Yan Liu, Hashem B El-Serag, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Studies on diet and gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) risk are lacking in US populations.

AIM: To determine the associations of dietary factors and risk of GIM among a US population with typical American diet.

METHODS: We analyzed data from a cross-sectional study of veterans attending primary care and endoscopy clinics at the Houston VA Medical Center. Patients completed a 110-item Block Food Frequency Questionnaire then underwent upper endoscopy with gastric mapping biopsies. We compared cases defined by GIM on ≥ 1 non-cardia gastric biopsy to controls without GIM. Associations of dietary factors and GIM were estimated using logistic regression …

Gastrointestinal Complications In Critically Ill Children: Experience From A Resource-Limited Country, Sidra Ishaque, Mariam Shakir, Asma Akbar Ladak, Anwar Ul Haque

Department of Paediatrics and Child Health

Objectives: To determine the frequency and predictors of outcome of gastrointestinal complications (GIC) in critically ill children.
Methods: This descriptive study was prospectively conducted in The Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), The Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH), Karachi, from September 2015 to January 2017. After obtaining approval from the Ethical Review Committee of AKUH and informed consent from the parents, all children (aged one month to 18 years), of either gender, admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) during the study period were included. The frequency of the defined GIC: vomiting, high gastric residue volume (GRV), diarrhea, constipation, and …

Proteomic Investigation Of Glyceraldehyde-Derived Intracellular Ages And Their Potential Influence On Pancreatic Ductal Cells, Lakmini Senavirathna, Cheng Ma, Ru Chen, Sheng Pan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end products (AGEs) play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases including cancer. Accumulation of intracellular AGEs could stimulate cancer induction and facilitate cancer progression. We evaluated the toxic effect of glyceraldehyde-derived intracellular AGEs on normal and malignant pancreatic ductal cells by assessing the cell viability, toxicity, and oxidative stress, followed by proteomic analysis. Our functional studies showed that pancreatic cancer cells (PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2) were more resistant to glyceraldehyde treatment compared to normal pancreatic ductal epithelial cells (HPDE), while cytotoxicity effects were observed in all cell types. Furthermore, using 13C isotopic labeled glyceraldehyde, …

Intestinal Dysbiosis Disguised As A Rectal Fistula Treated With Autologous Fecal Microbiota Transplantation, Nicolina Scibelli, Pratishtha Singh, Kathleen Raynor

South Atlantic Division GME Research Day 2021

No abstract provided.

A Millifluidic Perfusion Cassette For Studying The Pathogenesis Of Enteric Infections Using Ex-Vivo Organoids, Reid L Wilson, Sarah A Hewes, Anubama Rajan, Shih-Ching Lin, Carolyn Bomidi, Takanori Iida, Mary K Estes, Anthony W Maresso, K Jane Grande-Allen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

To generate physiologically-relevant experimental models, the study of enteric diarrheal diseases is turning increasingly to advanced in vitro models that combine ex vivo, stem cell-derived "organoid" cell lines with bioengineered culture environments that expose them to mechanical stimuli, such as fluid flow. However, such approaches require considerable technical expertise with both microfabrication and organoid culture, and are, therefore, inaccessible to many researchers. For this reason, we have developed a perfusion system that is simple to fabricate, operate, and maintain. Its dimensions approximate the volume and cell culture area of traditional 96-well plates and allow the incorporation of fastidious primary, stem …

Gastric Volvulus In Adults In A Tertiary Care Hospital Karachi, Pakistan: A Case Series, Om Parkash, Roger Christopher Gill, Iman Qaiser, Muhammad Sharoz Rabbani, Tabish Chawla, Hasnain Zafar

Section of Gastroenterology

Gastric volvulus is a rare surgical emergency which is rare in children and occasionally presents in adults. It results due to pathological malrotation of the stomach along its longitudinal or short axis. The condition, if not treated promptly, can result in increased morbidity and carries a high risk of death. Very few cases have been reported in literature regards this important clinical condition. Early decompression and repair of anatomical defects are the corner stone of its management. There is a dire need to develop guidelines and algorithms for management and treatment of this rare condition to improve patient outcome, prevent …

Automated Software-Assisted Diagnosis Of Esophageal Squamous Cell Neoplasia Using High-Resolution Microendoscopy, Mimi C Tan, Sheena Bhushan, Timothy Quang, Richard Schwarz, Kalpesh H Patel, Xinying Yu, Zhengqi Li, Guiqi Wang, Fan Zhang, Xueshan Wang, Hong Xu, Rebecca R Richards-Kortum, Sharmila Anandasabapathy

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: High-resolution microendoscopy (HRME) is an optical biopsy technology that provides subcellular imaging of esophageal mucosa but requires expert interpretation of these histopathology-like images. We compared endoscopists with an automated software algorithm for detection of esophageal squamous cell neoplasia (ESCN) and evaluated the endoscopists' accuracy with and without input from the software algorithm.

METHODS: Thirteen endoscopists (6 experts, 7 novices) were trained and tested on 218 post-hoc HRME images from 130 consecutive patients undergoing ESCN screening/surveillance. The automated software algorithm interpreted all images as neoplastic (high-grade dysplasia, ESCN) or non-neoplastic. All endoscopists provided their interpretation (neoplastic or non-neoplastic) …

Gastric Antral Diverticula: A Rare Diverticula With A Unique Presentation, Pratishtha Singh, Kathleen Raynor, Chadley Froes

Gastroenterology

Gastric diverticula are the least common gastrointestinal diverticula. Patients can be diagnosed incidentally on EGD or present with variable symptoms such as abdominal fullness, anorexia, and perforation. Gastric diverticula can be acquired from malignancy, peptic ulcer disease, or prior surgery or be congenital. Treatment varies based on symptomatology ranging from conservative medical management with proton pump inhibitors to surgical treatment with open or laparoscopic resection. We present a case of a 73-year-old female with acquired gastric diverticulum presenting as a gastric outlet obstruction who was successfully treated with conservative medical therapy.

Fusobacteriumnucleatum Adheres To Clostridioides Difficile Via The Radd Adhesin To Enhance Biofilm Formation In Intestinal Mucus, Melinda A Engevik, Heather A Danhof, Jennifer Auchtung, Bradley T Endres, Wenly Ruan, Eugénie Bassères, Amy C Engevik, Qinglong Wu, Maribeth Nicholson, Ruth Ann Luna, Kevin W Garey, Sue E Crawford, Mary K Estes, Renate Lux, Mary Beth Yacyshyn, Bruce Yacyshyn, Tor Savidge, Robert A Britton, James Versalovic

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Background:

Although Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) is known to involve the disruption of the gut microbiota, little is understood regarding how mucus-associated microbes interact with C. difficile. We hypothesized that select mucus-associated bacteria would promote C. difficile colonization and biofilm formation.

Methods/Results:

To create a model of the human intestinal mucus layer and gut microbiota, we used bioreactors inoculated with healthy human feces, treated with clindamycin and infected with C. difficile with the addition of human MUC2-coated coverslips. C. difficile was found to colonize and form biofilms on MUC2-coated coverslips and 16S rRNA sequencing revealed a unique biofilm profile …

Evaluating The Revised American Society For Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Guidelines For Common Bile Duct Stone Diagnosis, Jake S Jacob, Michelle E Lee, Erin Y Chew, Aaron P Thrift, Robert J Sealock

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE) revised its guidelines for risk stratification of patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. This study aimed to assess the diagnostic performance of the revision and to compare it to the previous guidelines.

METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of 267 patients with suspected choledocholithiasis. We identified high-risk patients according to the original and revised guidelines and examined the diagnostic accuracy of both guidelines. We measured the association between individual criteria and choledocholithiasis.

RESULTS: Under the original guidelines, 165 (62%) patients met the criteria for high risk, of whom 79% had confirmed choledocholithiasis. The …

Esophageal Cancer Complicated By A Distal Acquired Esophagopulmonary Fistula, Alexander D. Lake, Yousef Almuzaini, Aaron Jaffe, Joseph Staffetti, Mukesh Patel

HCA Healthcare Journal of Medicine

Esophageal respiratory fistulas, commonly found as a tracheoesophageal fistula (TEF), are abnormal connections between the esophagus and trachea. These can be congenital (infants) or acquired (malignancy). A more rare form of an esophageal respiratory fistula is an abnormal connection between the esophagus and the lung parenchyma—also known as an esophagopulmonary fistula. In our case, we present a middle-aged male with a history of esophageal cancer undergoing chemotherapy and radiation presenting into the intensive care unit for increasing shortness of breath and vomiting after eating found to have a rare form of a TEF causing his symptoms.

Vertical Sleeve Gastrectomy Confers Metabolic Improvements By Reducing Intestinal Bile Acids And Lipid Absorption In Mice, Lili Ding, Eryun Zhang, Qiaoling Yang, Lihua Jin, Kyle M Sousa, Bingning Dong, Yangmeng Wang, Jui Tu, Xiaoxiao Ma, Jingyan Tian, Hongli Zhang, Zhipeng Fang, Ana Guan, Yixin Zhang, Zhengtao Wang, David D Moore, Li Yang, Wendong Huang

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) is a highly effective bariatric surgery that sustainably treats obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, the underlying mechanisms governing its metabolic benefits remain unclear. In this study, we have used four different genetically modified mouse lines to understand the link between bile acid circulation and metabolic effects of VSG. Instead of directly activating the nuclear bile acid receptor farnesoid X receptor (Fxr) in the liver or intestine, VSG reduces intestinal levels of bile acids, thereby decreasing fat absorption in the intestine. Given the rising popularity of bariatric surgeries to treat obesity and associated T2D, the …

X-Aptamers Targeting Thy-1 Membrane Glycoprotein In Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma, Hongyu Wang, Xin Li, Lisa A Lai, Teresa A Brentnall, David W Dawson, Kimberly A Kelly, Ru Chen, Sheng Pan

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Modified DNA aptamers incorporated with amino-acid like side chains or drug-like ligands can offer unique advantages and enhance specificity as affinity ligands. Thy-1 membrane glycoprotein (THY1 or CD90) was previously identified as a biomarker candidate of neovasculature in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). The current study developed and evaluated modified DNA X-aptamers targeting THY1 in PDAC. The expression and glycosylation of THY1 in PDAC tumor tissues were assessed using immunohistochemistry and quantitative proteomics. Bead-based X-aptamer library that contains 108 different sequences was used to screen for high affinity THY1 X-aptamers. The sequences of the X-aptamers were analyzed with the next-generation sequencing. …

Intestinal Stem Cell-Derived Enteroids From Morbidly Obese Patients Preserve Obesity-Related Phenotypes: Elevated Glucose Absorption And Gluconeogenesis, Nesrin M Hasan, Kelli F Johnson, Jianyi Yin, Nicholas W Baetz, Lea Fayad, Vadim Sherman, Sarah E Blutt, Mary K Estes, Vivek Kumbhari, Nicholas C Zachos, Olga Kovbasnjuk

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

OBJECTIVE: The mechanisms behind the efficacy of bariatric surgery (BS) for treating obesity and type 2 diabetes, particularly with respect to the influence of the small bowel, remain poorly understood. In vitro and animal models are suboptimal with respect to their ability to replicate the human intestinal epithelium under conditions induced by obesity. Human enteroids have the potential to accelerate the development of less invasive anti-obesity therapeutics if they can recapitulate the pathophysiology of obesity. Our aim was to determine whether adult stem cell-derived enteroids preserve obesity-characteristic patient-specific abnormalities in carbohydrate absorption and metabolism.

METHODS: We established 24 enteroid lines …

Rising Trend Of Women In Gastroenterology: A Paradigm Shift, Lubna Kamani, Jeanin E Van Hooft

Section of Gastroenterology

No abstract provided.

Prevalence Of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia In A Multiethnic Us Veterans Population, Theresa H Nguyen, Mimi C Tan, Yan Liu, Massimo Rugge, Aaron P Thrift, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND & AIMS: There is a need to identify individuals with gastric intestinal metaplasia, a precursor to gastric cancer, so they can be offered screening and surveillance. We examined the prevalence of gastric intestinal metaplasia, detected by upper endoscopy biopsy analysis, in different race and ethnic subgroups. We also investigated the extent to which Helicobacter pylori infection, with or without acute and chronic gastritis, accounts for observed associations between race or ethnicity and risk of gastric intestinal metaplasia.

METHODS: We used data from a cross-sectional study of consecutively recruited patients at the Michael E. DeBakey Veterans Affairs Medical Center in …

Prevalence Of Barrett’S Esophagus And Performance Of Societal Screening Guidelines In An Unreferred Primary Care Population Of Us Veterans, Theresa H Nguyen, Aaron P Thrift, Massimo Rugge, Hashem B El-Serag

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Less than 10% of patients diagnosed with esophageal adenocarcinoma have a pre-existing Barrett's esophagus (BE) diagnosis, possibly because of suboptimal performance of guidelines. We examined the prevalence of BE in a previously unscreened primary care population and the potential yield of practice BE screening guidelines.

METHODS: This was a retrospective analysis of a prospective cross-sectional study of consecutively recruited unreferred patients from primary care clinics who underwent study upper endoscopy. We examined the performance of BE screening guidelines of the European Society of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ESGE), British Society of Gastroenterology (BSG), American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy (ASGE), …

Effect Of Treatment For Hcv On The Development Of Hcc In A Predominately African American Medical Center Population, Bassem Farah, Yechiel Mor, Sarvani Surapaneni, Brian Rutledge, Hojun Lee, Hajra Khan, Anshu Wadehra, Neel Patel, Paul Naylor, Murray Ehrinpreis, Milton Mutchnick

Medical Student Research Symposium

Introduction

Direct Acting Antivirals (DAA) are effective in Hepatitis C (HCV) patients with cirrhosis, but viral elimination may occur in a setting where the HCC development pathway has already begun. Our objective was to determine whether achieving a sustained virologic response (SVR) prior to diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) improved outcomes in our predominately African American population.

Methods

We reviewed the medical records of 96 HCV patients diagnosed with HCC between 2015 and 2019 Primary outcomes were defined as either alive, death/hospice, or transplant. Tumor size was measured as non-small (> 5cm or multiple tumors) or small (< 5cm). The study was approved by the WSU IRB and data analysis performed using the SAS-JMP statistical software.

Results

Of …

New Insights And Enhanced Human Norovirus Cultivation In Human Intestinal Enteroids, Khalil Ettayebi, Victoria R Tenge, Nicolas W Cortes-Penfield, Sue E Crawford, Frederick H Neill, Xi-Lei Zeng, Xiaomin Yu, B Vijayalakshmi Ayyar, Douglas Burrin, Sasirekha Ramani, Robert L Atmar, Mary K Estes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Human noroviruses (HuNoVs) are the leading cause of epidemic and sporadic acute gastroenteritis worldwide. We previously demonstrated human intestinal stem cell-derived enteroids (HIEs) support cultivation of several HuNoV strains. However, HIEs did not support virus replication from every HuNoV-positive stool sample, which led us to test and optimize new medium conditions, identify characteristics of stool samples that allow replication, and evaluate consistency of replication over time. Optimization of our HIE-HuNoV culture system has shown the following: (i) a new HIE culture medium made with conditioned medium from a single cell line and commercial media promotes robust replication of HuNoV strains …

Association Of Presenting Symptoms With Abnormal Laboratory Values For Vector-Borne Illness — Experience In An Urban Gastroenterology Practice, Michael D. Erdman, Niloofar Kossari, Jessica Ye, Kristen H. Reynolds, Emily Blodget, B. Robert Mozayeni, Farshid Sam Rahbar

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Background: In the clinical setting, it is not common practice to consider a vector bite, such as from a tick or flea, to be a contributing factor to chronic digestive symptoms. This article investigates associations we have observed among symptomatic patients and positive blood tests for vector-borne illness (VBI).

Methods: Patients who visited an urban gastroenterology clinic over a 3-year period were retrospectively reviewed. A total of 270 patients presenting with a constellation of digestive symptoms — and who had no apparent digestive pathology and reported no prior diagnosis or treatments for VBI — were analyzed. Before the initial visit, …

Plasmid-Based Reverse Genetics For Probing Phosphorylation-Dependent Viroplasm Formation In Rotaviruses, Jeanette M Criglar, Sue E Crawford, Mary K Estes

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Rotavirus (RV) replication occurs in cytoplasmic compartments, known as viroplasms, that are composed of viral and cellular proteins. Viroplasm formation requires RV nonstructural proteins NSP2 and NSP5 and cellular lipid droplets (LDs); however, the mechanisms required for viroplasm assembly remain largely unknown. We previously identified two conformationally-distinct forms of NSP2 (dNSP2, vNSP2) found in RV-infected cells that interact differentially with hypo- and hyperphosphorylated NSP5, respectively, and indicate a coordinated phosphorylation-dependent mechanism regulating viroplasm assembly. We also reported that phosphorylation of dNSP2 on serine 313 by the cellular kinase CK1α triggers the localization of vNSP2 to sites of viroplasm assembly and …

Anti-Map Triple Therapy Supports Immunomodulatory Therapeutic Response In Crohn's Disease Through Downregulation Of Nf-Kb Activation In The Absence Of Map Detection, Erij Elkamel

Electronic Theses and Dissertations, 2020-2023

The triple antibiotic formulation, known as anti-MAP therapy, exhibits unique synergistic antimicrobial activity and should be effective for treatment of Crohn's disease (CD) associated with Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). The absence of MAP detection in some CD cases may be linked to poor diagnostics or lack of association with the disease. To understand the therapeutic response of some CD patients to anti-MAP therapy in absence of MAP detection, the immunomodulatory potency of anti-MAP therapy and its major ingredients, clarithromycin (CLA) and rifabutin (RIF), in THP-1, Caco-2, and Jurkat T-cells were investigated. Anti-MAP formulation at 2.0 µg/mL decreased MAP viability …

Moderate Heat-Assisted Gene Electrotransfer For Cutaneous Delivery Of A Dna Vaccine Against Hepatitis B Virus, Chelsea Edelblute, Cathryn Mangiamele, Richard Heller

Bioelectrics Publications

An estimated 350 million people are living with chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) worldwide. Preventative HBV vaccination in infants has reduced the disease burden; however, insufficient immunization programs and access obstacles leave vulnerable populations at risk for infection in endemic regions. Gene electrotransfer (GET) using a noninvasive multielectrode array (MEA) provides an alternative platform for DNA vaccination in the skin. DNA vaccines are nonlive and nonreplicating and temperature stable unlike their counterparts. In addition, their simple engineering allows them to be manufactured quickly at a low cost. In the current work, we present the combination of GET and moderate heating …

Reducing Turnaround Time From Pathology Collection To Patient Awareness In Gastroenterology Practice, Adrianna Hyams

DNP Scholarly Projects

Background: Means of improving the turnaround time from specimen completion to the patient being notified of results are not well known or researched. The aim of this study is to decrease the turnaround time (TAT) from when the specimen is collected to the time the patient is notified from 4 weeks to 2 weeks. This quality improvement project took place in a privately owned gastroenterology office in southern Indiana.

Methods: An exhaustive literature review was completed to determine the best means of improving pathology TAT. The Plan Do Check Act (PDCA) method of quality improvement was used for this project. …

A Comparison Of The Prevalence Of Cirrhosis In A Hispanic And Non-Hispanic Population Based On Body Mass Index, Alexa Perlick, Abaigeal Thompson, Colton Wayne, Jose Campo Maldonado, Angel Rendon

MEDI 9331 Scholarly Activities Clinical Years

Background and Significance

The obesity epidemic is a growing public health concern. In addition to the already known complications and comorbidities associated with obesity, data suggest that obesity is an independent risk factor for the development of liver disease. ^1,2 However, there is a paucity of data regarding the clinical correlation of obesity and cirrhosis in a predominantly Hispanic population. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the prevalence of cirrhosis stratified by BMI in a predominately Hispanic population.

Materials and Methods

This retrospective single-centered study was approved by the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley institutional ethics …

Comparisons Of Oral, Intestinal, And Pancreatic Bacterial Microbiomes In Patients With Pancreatic Cancer And Other Gastrointestinal Diseases, Mei Chung, Naisi Zhao, Richard Meier, Devin C. Koestler, Guojun Wu, Erika De Castillo, Bruce J. Paster, Kevin Charpentier, Jacques Izard, Karl T. Kelsey, Dominique S. Michaud

Department of Food Science and Technology: Faculty Publications

Background: Oral microbiota is believed to play important roles in systemic diseases, including cancer. Methods: We collected oral samples (tongue, buccal, supragingival, and saliva) and pancreatic tissue or intestinal samples from 52 subjects, and characterized 16S rRNA genes using high-throughput DNA sequencing.

Results: Bray–Curtis plot showed clear separations between bacterial communities in the oral cavity and those in intestinal and pancreatic tissue samples. PERMANOVA tests indicated that bacterial communities from buccal samples were similar to supragingival and saliva samples, and pancreatic duct samples were similar to pancreatic tumor samples, but all other samples were significantly different from each …

Prevalence And Factors Associated With Nafld Detected By Vibration Controlled Transient Elastography Among Us Adults: Results From Nhanes 2017–2018, Xiaotao Zhang, Natalia I Heredia, Maya Balakrishnan, Aaron P Thrift

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

BACKGROUND: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is increasingly common in the adult population. In the United States, the overall burden of NAFLD is unknown due to challenges with population-level NAFLD detection. The purpose of this study was to estimate prevalence of NAFLD and significant NAFLD fibrosis and identify factors associated with them in the U.S.

METHODS: Data came from the 2017-2018 cycle of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. We defined NAFLD by controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) scores of ≥248 dB/m in absence of excessive alcohol use and viral hepatitis. We defined significant fibrosis as Vibration controlled transient elastography (VCTE) …

Protein-Functionalized Poly(Ethylene Glycol) Hydrogels As Scaffolds For Monolayer Organoid Culture, Reid L Wilson, Ganesh Swaminathan, Khalil Ettayebi, Carolyn Bomidi, Xi-Lei Zeng, Sarah E Blutt, Mary K Estes, K Jane Grande-Allen

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Stem cell-derived, organotypic in vitro models, known as organoids, have emerged as superior alternatives to traditional cell culture models due to their unparalleled ability to recreate complex physiological and pathophysiological processes. For this reason, they are attractive targets of tissue-engineering efforts, as constructs that include organoid technology would be expected to better simulate the many functions of the desired tissue or organ. While the 3D spheroidal architecture that is the default architecture of most organoid models may be preferred for some applications, 2D monolayer arrangements remain the preferred organization for many applications in tissue engineering. Therefore, in this work, we …

Colorectal Endoscopic Submucosal Dissection: An Update On Best Practice, Tara Keihanian, Mohamed O Othman

Faculty, Staff and Students Publications

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) is a method of en-bloc resection of neoplastic colorectal lesions which is less invasive compared to surgical resection. Lesion stratification, architecture recognition and estimation of depth of invasion are crucial for patient selection. Expert endoscopists have integrated a variety of classification systems including Paris, lateral spreading tumor (LST), narrow band imaging (NBI), international colorectal endoscopic (NICE) and Japanese NBI expert team (JNET) in their day-to-day practice to enhance lesion detection accuracy. Major societies recommend ESD for LST-non granular (NG), Kudo-VI type, large depressed and protruded colonic lesions with shallow submucosal invasion. Chance of submucosal invasion enhances …