Cardiovascular Diseases Commons^™

Vena Cava Filter Retrieval Rates And Factors Associated With Retrieval In A Large Us Cohort, Joshua D. Brown, Driss Raissi, Qiong Han, Val R. Adams, Jeffery Talbert

Pharmacy Practice and Science Faculty Publications

Background Retrieval of vena cava filters (VCFs) is important for safety as complications increase with longer dwell times. This study assessed VCF retrieval rates and factors associated with retrieval in a national cohort.

Methods and Results VCFs were identified by procedural codes from an administrative claims database. Patients were identified who had a VCF placement during a hospitalization from a national commercial administrative claims database. Indications for VCF placement were identified as pulmonary embolism with or without deep vein thrombosis, deep vein thrombosis only, or prophylactic. Patient demographic and clinical characteristics were included in proportional hazard regression models to find …

The Effect Of Health Insurance Coverage And The Doctor-Patient Relationship On Health Care Utilization In High Poverty Neighborhoods, Destini Smith, Alan Akira, Kenneth Hudson, Andrea Hudson, Marcellus Hudson, Marcus Mitchell, Errol Crook

School of Medicine and Health Sciences Student Works

African Americans have higher rates of mortality than whites who are the same age and sex. We hypothesize that in low socioeconomic status neighborhoods, having health insurance coverage and a regular health care provider increases the likelihood of receiving diagnostic tests for cardiovascular disease and diabetes. We use data from a random two-stage cluster sample of 230 adults living in high poverty census tracts to examine the effects of insurance coverage and having a regular doctor on the likelihood receiving diagnostic tests for high cholesterol, high blood sugar, and blood pressure. We find that health insurance coverage increases the odds …

Correlation Between Electrocardiographic Changes And Coronary Findings In Patients With Acute Myocardial Infarction And Single-Vessel Disease, Abdallah Sanaani, Srikanth Yandrapalli, George P. Jolly, R Paudel, Howard Cooper, Wilbert Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

BACKGROUND: Correlation of ST-segment elevation on the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) with the expected affected coronary territory is established in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). In patients with non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI), correlation of ischemic ECG abnormalities with the affected coronary territory has not been well-established. We sought to investigate the correlation of electrocardiographic abnormalities with the location of 1-vessel obstructive coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with both STEMI and NSTEMI. METHODS: In this retrospective study, the charts of all patients referred for coronary angiography in 2012 were reviewed. Patients with a single obstructive coronary artery plus angina-equivalent symptoms …

Reframing Outcome Measures For Thrombolytics In Acute Ischemic Stroke, Brandon Baker, Charles W. Kropf, Nicholus Yee, James Peter Meza

Clinical Research in Practice: The Journal of Team Hippocrates

An informed consent conversation examining relevant research and discussing the potential benefits and harms of thrombolytic therapy in acute stroke.

Psychological Well-Being’S Link With Cardiovascular Health In Older Adults, Julia K. Boehm, Jackie Soo, Ying Chen, Emily S. Zevon, Rosalba Hernandez, Donald Lloyd-Jones, Laura D. Kubzansky

Psychology Faculty Articles and Research

Introduction

Favorable cardiovascular health (FCH) is associated with healthy longevity and reduced cardiovascular mortality risk. However, limited work has investigated the distribution of FCH in older age or considered the antecedents of FCH. Based on prior work linking psychological well-being with cardiovascular endpoints, higher psychological well-being was hypothesized to be associated with increased likelihood of maintaining FCH over time.

Methods

Data were from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. The first study wave (2002–2003) included men and women aged ≥50 years. The analytic sample (N=4,925) was restricted to individuals without baseline cardiovascular disease and with clinical data from three follow-ups …

Improving Cardiology Patient Flow In Nuclear Medicine, Kelly Haar, Hannah Sullivan, Kathryn Laverdiere, Nuclear Medicine Department, Haley Pelletier, Stephen Tyzik, Suneela Nayak, Ruth Hanselman

MaineHealth Maine Medical Center

At baseline, a nuclear medicine department found it difficult to complete cardiac stress tests within scheduled times. Using the performance improvement process, a nuclear medicine department looked to improve patient experience related to wait times for this test.

Two goals were identified and a root cause analysis was initiated. After identifying some process issues, two KPIs were developed to address them.

A root cause analysis identified some processing issues and two KPIs were instituted to address them.

As a result, one outcome was to hire an additional physician assistant to address the barrier of inadequate cardiology coverage. Next steps include …

Genome-Wide Interaction Study Of Omega-3 Pufas And Other Fatty Acids On Inflammatory Biomarkers Of Cardiovascular Health In The Framingham Heart Study, Jenna Veenstra, Anya Kalsbeek, Jason Westra, Craig Disselkoen, Caren E. Smith, Nathan L. Tintle

Faculty Work Comprehensive List

Numerous genetic loci have been identified as being associated with circulating fatty acid (FA) levels and/or inflammatory biomarkers of cardiovascular health (e.g., C-reactive protein). Recently, using red blood cell (RBC) FA data from the Framingham Offspring Study, we conducted a genome-wide association study of over 2.5 million single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and 22 RBC FAs (and associated ratios), including the four Omega-3 FAs (ALA, DHA, DPA, and EPA). Our analyses identified numerous causal loci. In this manuscript, we investigate the extent to which polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) levels moderate the relationship of genetics to cardiovascular health biomarkers using a genome-wide …

Influence Of Differential Calcification In The Descending Thoracic Aorta On Aortic Pulse Pressure, Mirza Mujadil Ahmad, Syed Haris Ahmed Pir, Mustafa Noor Muhammad, Sharmeen Hussaini, Immad Arif Kiani, Mirza Nubair Ahmad, Imaad Razzaque, Muhammad Nabeel Syed, Rafath Ullah, Suhail Allaqaband, Anjan Gupta, Steven C. Port, Khawaja Afzal Ammar

Journal of Patient-Centered Research and Reviews

Purpose: Multiple studies have shown pulse pressure (PP) to be a strong predictor of aortic calcification. However, no studies are available that correlate PP with aortic calcification at the segmental level.

Methods: We identified 37 patients with aortic PP measured during cardiac catheterization. Their noncontrast chest computed tomography scans were evaluated for the presence of calcium in different segments (ascending aorta, arch of aorta [arch], descending aorta) and quantified. Patients with calcification (Calcified Group A) were compared against patients without calcification (Noncalcified Group B) in terms of PP, calcification and compliance.

Results: The mean of the total calcium score was …

Targeting Hepatic Heparin-Binding Egf-Like Growth Factor (Hb-Egf) Induces Anti-Hyperlipidemia Leading To Reduction Of Angiotensin Ii-Induced Aneurysm Development, Seonwook Kim, Lihua Yang, Seongu Kim, Richard G. Lee, Mark J. Graham, Judith A. Berliner, Aldons J. Lusis, Lei Cai, Ryan E. Temel, Debra L. Rateri, Sangderk Lee

Saha Cardiovascular Research Center Faculty Publications

Objective

The upregulated expression of heparin binding EGF-like growth factor (HB-EGF) in the vessel and circulation is associated with risk of cardiovascular disease. In this study, we tested the effects of HB-EGF targeting using HB-EGF-specific antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) on the development of aortic aneurysm in a mouse aneurysm model.

Approach and results

Low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) deficient mice (male, 16 weeks of age) were injected with control and HB-EGF ASOs for 10 weeks. To induce aneurysm, the mice were fed a high fat diet (22% fat, 0.2% cholesterol; w/w) at 5 week point of ASO administration and infused with angiotensin …

A Novel Method For Synthesis Of Hydroxytyrosol, Emmanuel Onobun

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Hydroxytyrosol, 3,4-dihydroxyphenolethanol, a naturally occurring polyphenol most common in olive tree (Olea europaea), is one of the most effective member of the polyphenols family, because of its remarkable antioxidant activity, its ability to inhibit oxidation of low density lipids (LDL), and its protection against DNA oxidative damage. Hydroxytyrosol, which is widely used in cosmetics and food supplements industries, can be purchased as an olive oil extract that contains low concentration of hydroxytyrosol besides other polyphenols. The price and low natural abundance of hydroxytyrosol make alternative synthetic sources very attractive. In this research, a novel method for the synthesis of pure …

Role Of Tlrs, Hippo-Yap1 Signaling, And Micrornas In Cardiac Repair And Regeneration Of Damaged Myocardium During Ischemic Injury, Xiaohui Wang

Electronic Theses and Dissertations

Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in the United States. Toll-like receptor (TLR)-mediated pathways have been demonstrated to play a role in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. We and others have shown that PI3K/Akt signaling is involved in regulating cellular survival and protecting the myocardium from I/R induced injury. In this dissertation, we provide compelling evidence that miR-125b serves to “fine tune” TLR mediated NF-kB responses by repressing TNF-a and TRAF6 expression. We constructed lentiviral expressing miR-125b, delivered it into the myocardium. The data showed that delivery of lentivirus expressing miR-125b significantly reduces myocardial infarct size and improves cardiac …

Skin Necrosis Induced By Coumarin Congeners, Herbert L Fred

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Optical Coherence Tomographic Evaluation Of Hyperacute Bivalirudin-Induced Coronary Stent Thrombosis, Jorge L Peñalver, Wassim Shatila, Emerson Perin

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Thrombus formation after stent deployment has been linked to the use of heparin and of antithrombotic agents, such as bivalirudin, during percutaneous coronary intervention. Fluoroscopy has been used to identify stent thrombosis, typically after patients become symptomatic. We describe our use of optical coherence tomography to diagnose and evaluate intraprocedural stent thrombosis in a 68-year-old man who was given bivalirudin just before a percutaneous coronary procedure. This imaging method enabled immediate therapeutic intervention.

Bigeminy And A Pacemaker, Luke Cunningham, Yochai Birnbaum

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.

Selective Upper-Body Perfusion Technique For Removal Of Renal Cell Carcinoma Extending Into The Inferior Vena Cava And Right Atrium, Selim Aydin, Bora Cengiz, Banu Vural Gokay, Anar Mammadov, Remzi Emiroglu, Saadettin Eskicorapci, Ersin Erek

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Invasion of a renal cell carcinoma thrombus into the inferior vena cava and right atrium is infrequent. Reaching and completely excising a tumor from the inferior vena cava is particularly challenging because the liver covers the surgical field. We report the case of a 61-year-old man who underwent surgery for a renal cell carcinoma of the right kidney that extended into the inferior vena cava and right atrium. During dissection of the liver to expose the inferior vena cava, transesophageal echocardiograms revealed right atrial mass migration into the tricuspid valve. On emergency sternotomy, the tumor embolized into the main pulmonary …

Echocardiographic Classification And Surgical Approaches To Double-Outlet Right Ventricle For Great Arteries Arising Almost Exclusively From The Right Ventricle, Kun-Jing Pang, Hong Meng, Sheng-Shou Hu, Hao Wang, David Hsi, Zhong-Dong Hua, Xiang-Bin Pan, Shou-Jun Li

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

Selecting an appropriate surgical approach for double-outlet right ventricle (DORV), a complex congenital cardiac malformation with many anatomic variations, is difficult. Therefore, we determined the feasibility of using an echocardiographic classification system, which describes the anatomic variations in more precise terms than the current system does, to determine whether it could help direct surgical plans. Our system includes 8 DORV subtypes, categorized according to 3 factors: the relative positions of the great arteries (normal or abnormal), the relationship between the great arteries and the ventricular septal defect (committed or noncommitted), and the presence or absence of right ventricular outflow tract …

Risk Of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Hospitalization In The First And Second Years Of Life In Pediatric Patients With Congenital Heart Disease, Deborah Friedman, Pierre Wong

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Lifestyle Measures For Treating Hypertension, Wilbert S. Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Hypertension And Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, Wilbert S. Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Optimizing Heart Failure Outcomes Through Diet: A Review, Farley B. Neasman Iii

Marshall Journal of Medicine

Heart failure is a growing epidemic that will add significant monetary and human costs to an already overtaxed health-care system. Though promising new medications have recently been approved, this complex condition is largely preventable through aggressive risk factor modification, with diet being shown to have a greater effect than exercise. An underrated component of a healthy diet is the simple addition of nuts – the anti-inflammatory fatty acids, healthy proteins, and general availability have been shown to improve survival and reduce the primary risk factors contributing to heart failure, making the addition of nuts and legumes to the diet an …

Is Biological Repair Of Heart On The Horizon?, H R. Ahmad, Satwat Hashmi

Department of Biological & Biomedical Sciences

The stem cells keep us young by endogenously repairing us upon need. They do so bysmartly one step forward towards differentiation while another step backward to nurturethe undifferentiated stem cells. They are building blocks for every organ witha differential rate of repair of worn out tissues. Since stem cells can be cultured with a normal karyo type, they could be the ideal source for heart repair after myocardial infarction. As opposed to lower vertebrates and neonatal mice, cardiac regeneration in adult mammalian heart seems to be difficult to assess with a solid evidence of cytokinesis. It becomes more difficult to …

Prevalence And Characteristics Of Resistant Hypertensive Patients In An Asian Population, Rabia Naseem, Arsalan Majeed Adam, Fiza Khan, Adiya Dossal, Ibrahim Khan, Ammara Khan, Hannah Paul, Hafsa Jawed, Aisha Aslam, Faez Muhammad Syed, Muhammad Ahsen Niazi, Shehzeen Nadeem, Aruba Khan, Amber Zia, Mohammad Hussham Arshad

Department of Medicine

Background: Resistant hypertension is a well-recognized clinical challenge yet there are no reported data on its prevalence in Pakistan. These patients are subjected to a higher risk of developing hypertensive complications. The objective of our study was to evaluate the prevalence and determinants of resistant hypertension in an Asian cohort of hypertensive patients.
Methods: This cross-sectional study was carried out among hypertensive patients visiting a tertiary care hospital in Karachi from September-December 2015. Patient data and characteristics were recorded using a pre-coded questionnaire. Morisky and Berlin questionnaires were used to assess compliance to medications and determine the risk of developing …

Complete Versus Culprit Only Revascularization In St-Elevation Myocardial Infarction-A Perspective On Recent Trials And Recommendations, Gabriela Andries, Sahil Khera, Robert Timmermans, Wilbert Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

The presence of multivessel coronary artery disease (CAD) is strongly associated with higher 30-day mortality, reduced myocardial reperfusion success, reinfarction, and occurrence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 1 year compared with single-vessel CAD. Despite higher morbidity and mortality in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and coexistent multivessel CAD, major guidelines recommended against percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on non-culprit lesions at the time of primary PCI in patients with STEMI who are hemodynamically stable. The presence of multivessel CAD often poses a therapeutic dilemma for interventional cardiologists. A few larger scale randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and meta-analyses have …

Effect Of Evacetrapib On Cardiovascular Outcomes In Patients With High-Risk Cardiovascular Disease, Wilbert S. Aronow

NYMC Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Prevalence And Incidence Of Hypertension: Results From A Representative Cohort Of Over 16,000 Adults In Three Cities Of South Asia, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Shreeparna Ghosh, Roopa Shivashankar, Vamadevan S. Ajay, Dimple Kondal, Ruby Gupta, Mohammed K. Ali, Deepa Mohan, Viswanathan Mohan, Muhammad Masood Kadir, Nikhil Tandon, Kolli Srinath Reddy, K.M. Venkat Narayan

Community Health Sciences

Background: Despite high projected burden, hypertension incidence data are lacking in South Asian population. We measured hypertension prevalence and incidence in the Center for cArdio-metabolic Risk Reduction in South Asia (CARRS) adult cohort.
Methods: The CARRS Study recruited representative samples of Chennai, Delhi, and Karachi in 2010/11, and socio-demographic and risk factor data were obtained using a standard common protocol. Blood pressure (BP) was measured in the sitting position using electronic sphygmomanometer both at baseline and two year follow-up. Hypertension and control were defined by JNC 7 criteria.
Results: In total, 16,287 participants were recruited (response rate=94.3%) and two …

Brain Injury With Systemic Inflammation In Newborns With Congenital Heart Disease Undergoing Heart Surgery, R Pironkova, Joseph Giamelli, H Seiden, V Parnell, D Gruber, C Sison, K Ojamaa

NYMC Faculty Publications

The potential role of systemic inflammation on brain injury in newborns with congenital heart disease (CHD) was assessed by measuring levels of central nervous system (CNS)-derived proteins in serum prior to and following cardiac surgery. A total of 23 newborns (gestational age, 39±1 weeks) with a diagnosis of CHD that required cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) were enrolled in the current study. Serum samples were collected immediately prior to surgery and 2, 24 and 48 h following CPB, and serum levels of phosphorylated neurofilament-heavy subunit (pNF-H), neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and S100B were analyzed. Systemic inflammation was assessed by measuring …

A Functional Algorithm For Weight Loss And Obesity Practice: Guide For Clinical Decision-Making For Treating Women, Jennifer A. Tice Williams

Dissertations

ABSTRACT

Background

Overweight and obesity have significant impact and consequences on women leading to reduced quality of life, comorbid conditions and premature mortality. Many healthcare providers lack adequate training and the time to properly treat overweight and obesity. Algorithms have been shown to improve clinical knowledge and save time.

Objectives

To develop an algorithm for weight loss assessment and treatment to aid in the clinical decision-making process while improving the quality of care for overweight and obese clients in an efficient manner that can be replicated.

Methods

After an extensive literature review to identify best-practice guidelines for weight loss a …

Pharmacological Approaches For The Management Of Patients With Moderately Elevated Triglycerides (150-499 Mg/Dl), Michael S. Kelly, Craig Beavers, John D. Bucheit, Evan M. Sisson, Dave L. Dixon

Pharmacy Faculty Articles and Research

Hypertriglyceridemia, defined as serum triglyceride (TG) levels > 150 mg/dL, now affects over one-quarter of the U.S. adult population and is associated with an increased risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. Available guidelines for managing hypertriglyceridemia vary with respect to triglyceride thresholds and severity of disease. Lifestyle modifications and management of secondary causes (e.g., diabetes) remain the first step in managing hypertriglyceridemia, with pharmacotherapy reserved to reduce the risk of pancreatitis and/or further reduce TG levels. Several classes of lipid-lowering agents are available with variable TG-lowering efficacy. While there is no consensus regarding the choice of initial TG-lowering pharmacotherapy, there is general …

Complete Congenital Heart Block: A Case Of Multilevel Block., Ian W Hovis, David N Schidlow, Jeffrey P Moak

Pediatrics Faculty Publications

No abstract provided.

Evaluation Of Chest Pain After Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator Placement, Amir Gahremanpour, Mohammad Saeed, Yochai Birnbaum

The Texas Heart Institute Journal

No abstract provided.